現(xiàn)代材料學4-高分子在防腐蝕中的應(yīng)用

油管漏油--因穿孔或裂縫，引起著火爆炸7/17/20241現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料一去不復(fù)返的資源浪費:我國每年因腐蝕造成的損失達3000億元以上7/17/20242現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料金屬的腐蝕高分子材料防護方法高分子材料對金屬腐蝕的保護7/17/20243現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料金屬腐蝕的分類：（1）化學腐蝕金屬表面與介質(zhì)如氣體或非電解質(zhì)溶液等因發(fā)生化學作用而引起的腐蝕，稱作化學腐蝕。化學腐蝕作用進行時沒有電流產(chǎn)生。如將鐵塊放入稀硫酸中，

Zn+H2SO4=ZnSO4+H2。ZnHCl7/17/20244現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料（2）電化學腐蝕金屬表面在介質(zhì)如潮濕空氣、電解質(zhì)溶液等中，因形成微電池而發(fā)生電化學作用而引起的腐蝕稱作電化學腐蝕。ZnPtHClelectrons7/17/20245現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料析氫腐蝕與吸氧腐蝕如右圖所示，空氣中的CO2，SO2等可溶解在水中形成電解質(zhì)溶液，從而形成了原電池。其中鐵是陽極，發(fā)生氧化反應(yīng)；銅是陰極，發(fā)生還原反應(yīng)。負極：FeFe2++2e（Fe被腐蝕）正極：（析氫腐蝕）2H＋＋2eH2（吸氧腐蝕）1/2O2＋2H＋＋2e-H2OCuFeH2O7/17/20246現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料金屬的防腐（1）在金屬表面涂敷各種保護層

(a)非金屬保護層在金屬表面涂上油漆、搪瓷、塑料、瀝青、高分子材料等，使金屬與腐蝕介質(zhì)隔開。

(b)金屬保護層在金屬表面用電鍍或化學鍍的方法鍍上Au，Ag，Ni，Cr，Zn，Sn等金屬，保護內(nèi)層不被腐蝕。保護層可分為陽極保護層和陰極保護層。7/17/20247現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料（2）加緩蝕劑在原電池的體系中加緩蝕劑， 改變介質(zhì)的性質(zhì)，降低腐蝕速度。(a)鈍化促進型：鉻酸鹽，亞硝酸鹽等；(b)形成沉淀膜：聚磷酸鹽，聚硅酸鹽等；(c)形成吸附膜：有機物分子，含有能吸附于金屬表面，電負性大的N,O,P,S的陰性基，和阻礙腐蝕 性介質(zhì)與金屬表面接觸的非極性基(烷基)。7/17/20248現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料（3）電化學保護

1．保護器保護將電極電勢較低的金屬和被保護的金屬連接在一起，構(gòu)成原電池。電極電勢較低的金屬作為陽極而溶解，被保護的金屬作為陰極而避免腐蝕。又稱犧牲陽極保護法。

2．陰極電保護利用外加直流電，將負極接到被保護金屬上，作為陰極。正極接到一些廢金屬作陽極，使其受到腐蝕而保護了陰極。3．陽極電保護利用外加直流電，將被保護金屬接到正極上，電極電勢向正的方向移動，使金屬“鈍化”而得到保護。7/17/20249現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料高分子材料防護工藝

7/17/202410現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料涂裝方法和裝備空氣噴涂高壓無氣噴涂靜電涂裝粉末涂裝電泳涂裝自泳涂裝簾幕涂和輥涂7/17/202411現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料硝基漆醇酸樹脂漆氨基樹脂漆環(huán)氧樹脂漆聚酯樹脂漆丙烯酸樹脂漆聚氨酯漆氟樹脂漆有機硅樹脂漆乙烯基樹脂漆涂料的品種7/17/202412現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料StructureofSomeCommonPolymers7/17/202413現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料7/17/202414現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料7/17/202415現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料7/17/202416現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料CoatingprocessesPurpose: protection

oxidation

rotting

u.v.degradation appearance

color

gloss

adhesion

stickers transfersimpermeability

water oxygen7/17/202417現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料Somecoatingprocessesfilmcoatingverylowviscosityrollcoatingsimplekisscoatingaccurate,thinknifecoatingrobustcurtaincoatingfast,thinHighviscositiesLowviscosities7/17/202418現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料RollcoatingModelling:likecalandering,butwithseparationinthemiddelHH07/17/202419現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料H(x)xyproblemnoproblemnonelasticliquidselasticliquidsCurtainCoating

(theroleofvisco-elasticity)with7/17/202420現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料PowderCoating7/17/202421現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料混氣靜電噴涂原理混氣噴涂原理7/17/202422現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料7/17/202423現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料IntroducestensiontolineCleanscoppersurfaceImprovedcoppersurface;improvedelectricaltransmissionFluoro-thermo-plastic

WireExtrusioncoating7/17/202424現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料CopperPreheatingIndicatorsHighpreheatVoidedinnersurfaceSmoothoutersurfaceBetteradhesion>stripLowpreheatRoughoutersurfacePooreradhesionRecommendationsTemperatureguidelinesFEP/PFA100-180CETFE/THV50CDependsonlinespeedMeasurementPapergoodcomparativetestuniversal7/17/202425現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料Extruderspec’sL/D24-34:1Saxtonmixing2-4xdiameterCloseheatcontrolnecessaryforastableprocesscorrosionprotectedmaterialnickelalloyExtruderneedstohaveatleast400Cmaximumtemperature7/17/202426現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料SpecsFixedoradjustablecenterCorrosionprotectedmaterialconstructionCoex/singleextrusionpossible7/17/202427現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料MeltfractureSmoothsurface?Sharkskin‘ExtrudedfilmTubing7/17/202428現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料ToolingcalculationsDDR=(DD2-DT2)/(dCC2-dW2)DRB=(DD/dCC)/(DT/dW)7/17/202429現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料ConeIndicatorsToolongDiametervariationUnstableTooshortsurfaceroughnesssparks/pinholesconebreaksUnstableTipanddienotconcentricCorenotcenteredMelttoohotorcoldLinespeedtoohighRecommendations30-40mm7/17/202430現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料CapstanColdwaterspraytypicalGroovedsheavespreferableoverstationaryguides7/17/202431現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料Gauges/IndicationsLinetensiongaugeofinstabilityIdentifyconductordamageInner(copper)diametercoppersizeandqualityCapacitancecrucialforfoamadhesionproblemseccentricityproblemsdiameterproblems7/17/202432現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料Gauges/IndicationsOuterdiameterProductsizeLong-termvariationovalityEccentricityCoppercenterLump/neckdownShorttermvariationSparktesterholes,thinspots7/17/202433現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料TFT’sDesignandManufacturingObjectivesforLDHHardwareReducethepotentialforcorrosionwithinintakeandgatevalvesProvidemaximumflowwithminimalfrictionlossinallproductsDesignamanufacturingandassemblysystemthatwillallowrapiddeliveryofover500finishedgoods7/17/202434現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料NEWPolymerRingReplacesBallBearingsinourHardwareCouplingsProvidesabreakinelectricalconductivityfromPumptoHardware,reducinggalvaniccorrosionAllowscouplingtobesimplychangedOfferstwicetheshearstrengthofcompetitivedesigns7/17/202435現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料Competitivemodelsuseeithermetalballbearingsoracetylplasticdiscsastheirconnectionandrotationmethod.7/17/202436現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料WhyTFTChoseaPolymerRinginourcouplings?OurPolymerRingProvidesaHighBearingSurfaceAreaHighpotentialforshearandcouplingfailureCompetitivedesignTFTExclusive7/17/202437現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料GalvanicCorrosion

Bronzeincontactwithaluminum(metaltometalcontact)inawetatmosphereMetaldegradationduetogalvaniccorrosion7/17/202438現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料Corrosionduetogalvanicactionandmineralladenwaterisabigcontributortoprematurehardwarefailure.7/17/202439現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料CorrosionResistance–TFT’suniqueThree-StepprocessPoly-ImpregnationofrawcastingsundervacuumtosealporosityHardcoatAnodized

PolyesterPowderCoatedinsideandoutMaximumCorrosionResistance

PowderCoatPolyImpregnationHardCoatAnodized7/17/202440現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料RawAluminumAlloyCasting123Underavacuum,thecastinghaspolymersinjectedtocloseallporeswheremoisturecanbetrappedHardcoatanodizingcreatesanaluminumoxidebarrierforincrediblehardnessandcorrosionresistancePowdercoatisappliedandbakedonforapermanentlybondedcorrosionresistantfinish7/17/202441現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料RawCastingisfirstPoly-ImpregnatedThen…HardCoatAnodizedFinally…PowdercoatedRawCastingPolyImpregnatedHardCoatAnodizedPowderCoated7/17/202442現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料ChangingtheConceptoftheApparatusIntakeValveRedesigned,high-flow,quickactingreliefvalveExclusivevisualvalvepositionindicator7/17/202443現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料HeavydutybronzevalvegearingCorrosionresistantpatentedquarterballassemblyPolymerRingSwivelingInlet7/17/202444現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料WherethereisWater,therecanbesomelevelofCorrosionPistonStyleValveStaysWetBIVStyleValveRemainsDrywhennotflowingWaterfrompump7/17/202445現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料TheNEWBIV–HighestReturnonYourInvestmentAkronBlackMaxwithSwiveling5”StorzInletAWG-HarringtonwithSwiveling5”StorzInletTFT’sBIVwithSwiveling5”StorzInletSnap-TitewithSwiveling5”StorzInlet7/17/202446現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料BIVKeySelling

FeaturesMostInnovativeIntakeValveEverDesignedAndProducedSwivelingInletHighFlowReliefValveCorrosionResistantUniqueBallShutOff7/17/202447現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料BIVKeySelling

BenefitsTriple–CoatingProcessandnewpolymerringdesignwilllimitcorrosionthatplaguescompetitivemodelsBallStyleShutoffandstraightthroughwaterwaydesignwillprovidehigherflowswithlimitedfrictionloss–maximizingpumpefficiencySwiveling30-DegreeInletallowseitherLDHhoseorhardsuctiontosupplythepumpfromdifferentanglespreventingkinksandflowrestrictions7/17/202448現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料ChangingtheConceptoftheJumboGateValveOptionalSwivelinginlet7/17/202449現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料ThenewJumboGateValveSeries250psioperatingpressureMeets900psihydrostatictestforNFPA#1965Foreitherpressureorsuctionservice106modelsavailablewiththreadedorStorzcouplingsto6”Uniquebi-directionalvalveseatNon-risinghandwheelOptionalSwivelingInletUniqueStainlessSteelWedgeGateDesignTripleProcessCorrosionProtectionHighFlowPerformance7/17/202450現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料ThePoweroftheWEDGEdesign.LowGasketWearPositiveSealingStainlessSteelWedge7/17/202451現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料TopreventcorrosioninthenewJumboGateValve,TFThaschosenaheavystainlesssteelgate(unlikeothercompetitors)TFT’sExclusiveGate7/17/202452現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料JUMBOGateValveSeriesKeySelling

FeaturesMostDurableGateValveEverDesignedAndProducedSwivelingInletHighFlowWedgeSeatDesignCorrosionResistantStainlessGate7/17/202453現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料JUMBOGateValveSeriesKeySelling

BenefitsTriple-CoatingProcessandnewpolymerringdesignwilllimitcorrosionStainlessWedgeGateandstraightthroughwaterwaydesignwillprovidehigherflowswithlimitedfrictionloss–eitheronthetruck,oroffSwiveling30-DegreeInletoptionallowseitherLDHhoseorhardsuctiontosupplythepumpfromdifferentanglespreventingkinksandflowrestrictions7/17/202454現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料MaximumWaterDistributionwiththeJUMBOWYESeries7/17/202455現(xiàn)代材料學--高分子材料ThenewJumboWyeSeries250psioperatingpressureMeets900psihydrostatictestforNFPA#1965StainlessSteelComponents176modelsavai