福建省漳州第一中學高三（最后沖刺）新高考英語試卷及答案解析

福建省漳州第一中學高三（最后沖刺）新高考英語試卷考生須知：1．全卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分，全部在答題紙上作答。選擇題必須用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題的答案必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或答字筆寫在“答題紙”相應位置上。2．請用黑色字跡的鋼筆或答字筆在“答題紙”上先填寫姓名和準考證號。3．保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．Thepalaceisheavilyguarded,becauseinsideitswalls________.A．wheresittheEuropeanleaders B．theEuropeanleaderstheresitC．sittheEuropeanleaders D．thattheEuropeanleaderssit2．________amazedusgreatlywasthatLindacouldspeakfivelanguages.A．That B．What C．Which D．Why3．AfirmfromNewZealandhasrevealedasetofroboticlegswhichtheyclaimwillsoonallow________wheelchair-boundpeopletowalkagain.A．extremely B．previously C．a(chǎn)ctually D．eventually4．Maybeitistimefortherestofsocietyto_________thefact_________Imaynotbeabletowalk,therearemanyothergreatthingsIcando.A．a(chǎn)djustto;thatB．getusedto;thatwhileC．a(chǎn)daptto;whileD．goabout;thatwhile5．Jane’spalefacesuggestedthatshe______illandherparentssuggestedthatshe______amedicalexam.A．be;shouldhave B．was;haveC．shouldbe;had D．was;had6．－IwasafraidIwouldmisstheimportantlecture.－Oh,wasthatwhyyou_______askingmetospeedup?A．hadkept B．a(chǎn)rekeepingC．wouldkeep D．kept7．Advertisingisdifferentfromotherformsofcommunicationinthattheadvertiserpaysforthemessage.A．todeliver B．delivered C．tobedelivered D．delivering8．一Whenheknowtheresultoftoday’sjobinterview?一Inacoupleofdays．A．should B．may C．shall D．must9．Thekitchenisoftenthebusiestroominahousehold,soit’simportanttomakesureitwell.A．smoothes B．functions C．pays D．measures10．When________questionsinclass,oneshouldanswerthemasclearlyaspossible.A．a(chǎn)sking B．toask C．tobeasked D．a(chǎn)sked11．Wereallyemphasizetheimportanceofputting______safeguardstopreventchildren’sidentitiesfromfallinginwrongpeople’shands.A．inplaceB．invainC．inquestionD．inearnest12．HeletmewritedownhisinstructionssurethatIwouldknowwhatwasafterhewentaway.A．making;doingB．making;todoC．tomake;todoD．tomake;tobedone13．As______healthierlifestyleisbeingpromoted,thebicyclehasalsobecomeatoolthatkeepspeopleon______go.A．the;a B．a(chǎn);aC．a(chǎn);the D．a(chǎn);/14．Itwasjustatthetimethebellranghefinishedthelastwordinhiscomposition. A．when;which B．that;when C．when;that D．that;which15．Comehere,Mary.Ifyoustandatthisangle,you______justseethesunset.A．must B．needC．can D．should16．—Shallweputofftheexperimenttillnextweek?—______,Idon’tthinkourteacherwillbehappywithit.A．Nevermind B．Sure,goaheadC．Yes,betternot D．I’drathernot17．—Peopleshouldstopusingtheircarsandstartusingpublictransport.—________.Theroadsaretoocrowdedasitis.A．Allright B．ExactlyC．Goahead D．Fine18．Whentheyfirstcametothecity,myparentsoftenwenttoneighborsforatalk,justasthey________inthecountryside.A．willdo B．haddoneC．havedone D．weredoing19．—OK，here___________.—Thankyouforyourlift.Seeyoulater.A．a(chǎn)reweB．isitC．weareD．comesit20．Thisisnotaneconomicalwaytogetmorewater;________,itisveryexpensive.A．worsestill B．onthecontraryC．inshort D．inaddition第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21．（6分）Manypeoplehaveheardbeepopulationsaredecliningduetosuchthreatsaspesticides(殺蟲劑).Andmanyunderstandbeesareimportanttoplantpollination(授粉).Yet,accordingtoastudyledbyUtahStateUniversityecologistJosephWilson,fewareawareofthewidediversityofbeesandotherpollinatorsbeyondsuchspeciesashoneybees.“TheU.S.PostalServicerecentlyputoutitsProtectPollinatorseries,whichfeaturesonlytheEuropeanhoneybeeandthemonarchbutterfly,”saysWilson,assistantprofessorofbiologyatUSU’sTooelecampus.“Asocialmediacommenterobservedthatusingthesetwospeciesonacampaigntoprotectpollinatorsissimilartofocusingonchickenstosavebirds.It’saprettygoodcomparison,actually.”Wilson,withcolleaguesMatthewForisteroftheUniversityofNevada-Reno,publishedfindingsintheSept.5,2017,onlineeditionofFrontiersinEcologyandtheEnvironment.“Inourrecentsurvey,99percentofourrespondentssaidbeesareimportant,yetonly14percentwereabletoguesswithin1,000,theactualnumberofbeespeciesintheUnitedStates,”hesays.“Mostpeopleguessedaround50speciesofbees,whilethecorrectnumberisabout4,000knownspecies.”Further,whenshownimagesofvariedinsects,manypeoplewereunabletodistinguishbeesfromnon-bees.“Achallengewithlackofknowledgeaboutbeesisyoucan’tprotectwhatyou’renowawareof,”Wilsonsays.“Wecouldbelosingspeciesorcausingdeclineandnotevenknowit.”Publiceducationiskeytoencouragingconservationefforts,hesays.“Becauseconservationeffortsrequiresubstantialpublicsupport,it’simportantthatthepublicunderstandbeesandwhatneedstobedonetoprotectthesespecies,”Wilsonsays.“Educationisthekeytounderstandingbeedeclinesandprotectingourpollinators.”1、Accordingtothetext,beesfunctionas__________.A．honey-makersB．pest-killersC．producersD．pollinators2、WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A．WilsonisinsupportoftheProtectPollinatorseries.B．Thecommenterobservedhoneybeesandbutterflies.C．Peopleneglectmanyotherpollinators.D．Protectingchickencanhelpsavebirds.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“substantial”inthelastparagraphmean?A．legal.B．large.C．minimum.D．slim.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．NotOnlyHoneybeesB．ProtectionofHoneybeesC．GrowingThreatstoBeesD．NewlyDiscoveredBeeSpecies22．（8分）Manycitiesintheworldarebenefitingfromthenocturnal(夜間活動的)activitiesofagroupofpeoplewhocallthemselvesguerrilla(游擊隊的)gardeners.Armedwithtrowels,spadesaridavanfullofflowersandplants,guerrillagardenersturnabandonedurbanlandintoablazeofcolon.Incitycentrelocationswheretherewasmud,weedsandemptyplasticbottles,residentsoftenwakeuptofindthatthewastedareahasbeentransformedovernightwithbrightly-coloredbeddingplants.InmostBritishcities,localgovernmentsandpoliceturnablindeyetotheexploitofthegardeners,whoseactivitiesarealwayscarriedoutundercoverofnightfall.Andsofar,therehasbeennothingbutpraisefromtheastonishedanddelightedlocalresidentswhentheyfindtheirneighborhoodtransformedinsuchastrikingfashion.Notonlydotheguerillagardenersbeautifyneglectedplaces,theyalsoreturnregularlytowatertheplantsandweedtheflowerbeds.Theyalsomakesurethatatleastsomeoftheplantstheybringareevergreens,whichmeansthattheareadoesn’tlookdismalinthewintermonths.ThefirstguerrillagardenerinLondonwasRichardReynolds,whosedayjobisatanadvertisingagency.Mr.Reynolds,agraduateofOxfordUniversity,beganhiseffortstwoyearsagowhenhemovedtoaflatinatowerblockinSouthLondon.Fromhisbalcony,hecouldseeseveralemptyconcretepots,placedbythelocalgovernmenttocontainplantsbutneverused.Hewentoutaftermidnightandfilledthepotswithplants,andthenplantedmoreflowersinthepathleadingtotheentrancetotheblock.Hethensetupawebsitetoexplainhisplanandcalleduponmoregardenerstojoinhim.Cashdonationsfloodedinand,moreimportantly,volunteersrushedtobepartofthecampaign.Withinsixmonths,therewerefivehundredpeopleinLondonpreparedtocomeoutatveryshortnoticetorevitalize(恢復活力)neglectedpartsoftheurbanlandscape.Therearenowunofficialbutcarefully-organizedgroupsinmanycitiesinBritainandNorthAmericaandthereisawebsitewherewould-beurbangardenerscanfindoutthelocationofthenextexpedition.1、Accordingtothetext,guerrillagardenersgottheirnames________.A．becauseoftheresidents’advice B．fromthelocalgovernmentC．forthenatureoftheirwork D．basedonthelocalcultures2、Theseguerrillagardenersdotheirwork________.A．a(chǎn)ttherequestofthegovernment B．nearbytheirhouseC．ofteninreturnforothers’help D．oftheirownfreewill3、Whydotheguerrillagardenersoftenreturntotheirformerworkingplace?A．Tolookaftertheseplants. B．Toenjoythesebeautifulflowers.C．Tohelpplantslivethroughwintermonths. D．Tochangethetypesoftheseplants.4、RichardReynoldsdecidedtofillthepotswithplantswiththepurposeof________.A．makingtheneighborhoodmorebeautiful B．a(chǎn)greeingwithhisownjobC．a(chǎn)dvertisingsomeproductsinhisagency D．killinghissparetime5、Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheseguerrillagardeners________.A．a(chǎn)remainlyfromtheUnitedKingdom B．willlatergetwellpaidC．a(chǎn)restillnotacceptedbythelocalpeople D．becomemoreandmoreorganized23．（8分）Bytryingtotickle(撓癢癢)ratsandrecordinghowtheirnervecellsrespond,ShimpeiIshiyamaandhisadviserarediscoveringamysterythathaspuzzledthinkerssinceAristotleexpectedthathumans,giventheirthinskinanduniqueabilitytolaugh,weretheonlyticklishanimals.ItturnsoutthatAristotlewaswrong.IntheirstudypublishedonThursday,IshiyamaandhisadviserMichaelBrechtfoundthatratssqueakedandjumpedwithpleasurewhentickledontheirbacksandbellies.Thesesignsofjoychangedaccordingtotheirmoods.Andforthefirsttime,theydiscoveredaspecialgroupofnervecells.Thesenervecellsmadethisfeelingsopowerfulthatitcausesanindividualbeingtickledtolosecontrol.Tomakesurethathehadindeedfoundaplaceinthebrainwhereticklingwasprocessed,Ishiyamathenstimulated(刺激)thatareawithelectricalcurrents.Theratsbegantojumplikerabbitsandsinglikebirds.“It’strulyground-breaking,”saidJeffreyBurgdorf,aneuroscientistatNorthwesternUniversitywhoreviewedthepaper.“Ittakesthestudyofemotiontoanewlevel.”Burgdorfhasplayedacentralroleinourunderstandingofanimaltickling.Hewaspartofateamthatfirstnoticed,inthelate1990s,thatratsmadespecialnoiseswhentheywereexperiencingsocialpleasure.Othershadalreadynotedthatratsrepeatedlymadeshortandhighsoundsduringmeals.ButthelabwhereBurgdorfworkednoticedthattheyemittedsimilarsoundswhileplaying.Andsooneday,theseniorscientistinthelabsaid,“Let’sgoandticklesomerats.”Theyquicklyfoundthatthosecriesofpleasuredoubled.“Theauthorshavebeenveryadventurous,”saidDanielO’Connor,aneuroscientistatJohnsHopkinsUniversitywhostudiestouch.Tohim,thatfindingwasverysurprising.“Whydoestheworldliterallyfeeldifferentwhenyouarestressedout?”hesaid.“Thisisthefirststeptowardsansweringthatquestion.Itgivesusawaytoapproachitwithexperimentalrigor(嚴謹).”1、Whatcontributedtohumans’beingticklishaccordingtoAristotle?A．Theirspecialskin.B．Theirsocialpleasure.C．Theirnervoussystem.D．Theirwillingnesstotouch.2、Whydidtheresearchersmakeuseofelectricalcurrents?A．Todiscoverthespecialgroupofnervecells.B．Toexperimentondifferentanimals.C．Tofollowtheprocessoftickling.D．Toprovetheirfinding.3、WhichofthefollowingstatementswillJeffreyBurgdorfagreewith?A．Theresearchprocessisfullofrisks.B．Thefindingofthestudyissurprisingandunbelievable.C．Thenewdiscoveryisbeneficialforthestudyofemotion.D．Thefindingofthestudyactuallycontradictsmodernscience.4、Theunderlinedword“squeak”inParagraph2maybeexplainedby______.A．giveasmileB．makeanoiseC．burstintotearsD．watchwithstaringeyes5、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheLifeofRatsB．HowRatsLaughC．AWonderfulScientistD．ANewDiscoveryaboutRat24．（8分）ArtificialIntelligence(AI)ismakingitpossibleforcompaniestomonitorworkers’behavioringreatdetailandinrealtime.Starttoslackoff(懈怠),andAIcouldtalktoyourboss.OnecompanyofferingsuchservicesisLondon-basedstart-upStatusToday.ItsAIplatformreliesonaregularsupplyofemployeedata,includingeverythingfromthefilesyouaccesstowhenyouuseakeycard.Fromthis,itbuildsapictureofhowemployeesnormallyfunctionandsignalsanyunusualperformance.Theideaistospotwhensomeonemightbecomeasecurityriskbydoingsomethingdifferentfromtheirusualbehavioralpatterns.“Allofthisgivesusfingerprintofauser,soifwethinkthefingerprintdoesn’tmatch,weraiseawarning”,saysMirceaDumitrescu,thecompany’schieftechnologyofficer.Thesystemalsoaimstocatchemployeeactionsthatcouldaccidentallycauseasecuritybreach(漏洞),likeopeningmalware(惡意軟件).“We’renotmonitoringifyourcomputerhasavirus.”saysDumitrescu.“We’remonitoringhumanbehaviors.”Butcatchingthesecuritybreachmeansmonitoringeveryone,andtheAIcanalsobeusedtotrackemployeeproductivity.“ItseemsliketheyarejustusingthereputationofAItogiveanairoflawfulnesstoold-fashionedworkplacesurveillance(監(jiān)視),”saysJavierRuizDiazofdigitalcampaigningorganizationtheOpenRightsGroup.“Youhavearighttoprivacyandyoushouldn’tbeexpectedtogivethatupatwork.”Exactlyhowcompaniesusethesystemwillbeuptothem,butit’shardtoshakethepictureofanAIconstantlylookingoveremployees’shoulders.“Itwillbotherpeople,andthatcouldbecounterproductiveifitaffectstheirbehavior,”saysPaulBemalattheUniversityofEastAnglia.PhilLeggattheUniversityoftheWestofEnglandsaysitwillnevercatcheverysecurityrisk.“Ifpeopleknowthey’rebeingmonitored,theycanchangetheirbehavior,”hesays.1、Accordingtothetext,AImonitorsemployeesby________.A．takingpicturesofthemB．gettingaccesstotheirdataC．signalingtheirusualperformanceD．catchingtheiractions2、What’sJavierRuizDiaz’sattitudetowardsthesystem?A．Doubtful.B．Supportive.C．Uncaring.D．Negative.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph4referto?A．Securitybreach.B．Employees’productivity.C．Therighttoprivacy.D．Workplacesurveillance.4、PhilLegg’sconcernaboutthesystemsuggeststhat________.A．itistooriskytobeusedatworkB．itwillaffectemployees’emotionsC．itmaynotbesoeffectiveasexpectedD．itwillencourageemployee,productivity25．（10分）ProfessionaldevelopmentcoursesinLondon●BusinesswritingDeliverymethod:Online,VideoPrice:￡49Aboutthecourse:Manypeoplegetblockedwhenforcedtoputtheirthoughtsintowordsatwork.Thiscoursegivesyouthetoolsandtechniquestoimproveyourwriting,whetherit'satwo-lineemailoratwo-hundredreport.●TravelwritingcoursesDeliverymethod:Classroom,SeminarPrice:￡111(fullday);￡121(eveningclasses)Aboutthecourse:Doyouwanttobeatravelwriter?Thencomealongtoaone-daytravelwritingworkshoporafour-weektravelwritingeveningclass.Thecourseshelpparticipantstowritetravelfeaturesandpublishtheminnewspapers,magazinesoronwebsites.●Pre-sessionalprogrammesinEAPDeliverymethod:Classroom,SeminarPrice:Startingfrom￡1,210Aboutthecourse:Ourfivepre-sessionalprogrammesinEnglishforacademicpurposesareintendedforinternationalstudentswhoplantostudyatAstonUniversity.Theseprogrammesaimtoequipyouwiththelanguageandacademicskillsnecessaryforsuccessinyourfuturechosensubjectarea.●MasterclassDeliverymethod:Classroom,SeminarPrice:Startingfrom￡331Aboutthecourse:Whetheryouwritefundraisingletters,orforyourwebsite(s),thiscoursewillhelpyougaintheideas,knowledgeandskillsyouneedtowritefundraisingcopythatproducesmoreimpressiveandprofitableresults.1、Howisthebusinesswritingcoursedifferentfromtheothers?A．Itisdeliveredonline.B．Itofferseveningclasses.C．Itfocusesonreportwriting.D．ItishostedbyAstonUniversity.2、Whatcanpre-sessionalprogrammesinEAPhelpstudentsdo?A．Chooseasuitablecollegesubject.B．Preparethemselvesforuniversity.C．Gotoworld-classuniversities.D．Onlyimprovetheiracademicskills.3、WhichcoursefitsJohnifhehopestowriteinspiringwordsforfundraisingactivities?A．Pre-sessionalprogrammesinEAP.B．Travelwritingcourses.C．Businesswriting.D．Masterclass.第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項．26．（30分）Iwaswaitingtopayformybillinastore,whenIheardthecashiertalkingtoaboyabout5yearsoldinfrontofme.The

cashiersaid,“I’msorry,1youdon’thaveenoughmoneytobuythis2.”

Thenthelittleboy3meandasked,“Uncle,areyousureIdon’thave

enoughmoney?”I4hiscashandreplied,“It’snotenough,mydear.”Thelittleboywasstill5thedollinhishand.

Finally,Iaskedhim6hewishedtogivethisdollto.“It’sthedollthatmy7lovedmost.Iwantedto8herforherBirthday.”Hiseyeswereso9whilesayingthis.“MysisterhasgonetobewithGod.DaddysaysthatMommyisgoingtoseeGod

verysoontoo,soIthoughtthatshecould10thedollwithhertogiveitto

mysister.”My11nearlystopped.Helookedupatme,thenshowedmeaverynicephotoofhim,12hewas

laughing.Hethentoldme“Iwantmommytotakemypicturewithhersomysister

won’t13me.Iwishmymotherdoesn’thavetoleaveme,but

daddysaysthatshehastogotobe14mylittlesister.”Thenhelookedagainatthedollwithsadeyes,veryquietly.Iquickly15mywalletandsaidtotheboy.“Supposewecheckagain,just16

youdohaveenoughmoneyforthedoll?”Hesaid,“OK,IhopeIdohaveenough.”

I17someofmymoneytohis,withouthimseeingandwestartedtocountit.

Therewasenoughforthedollandevensome18moneyforsomethingelse.“ThankyouGodforgivingmeenoughmoney!”Hewentawayhurriedly.Ialsofinishedmyshoppinginatotally19statefromwhenIstarted.Shortlyafterwards,ithitme20hewastheveryboywhosemotherandsisterhadbeenkilledbytheterribletrafficaccident,whichwasreportedtwodaysagointhelocalnewspaper.1、A．butB．howeverC．soD．because2、A．roseB．dollC．boxD．book3、A．leadtoB．turntoC．sticktoD．objectto4、A．foundB．pickedC．countedD．saw5、A．catchingB．holdingC．a(chǎn)rrangingD．changing6、A．whichB．whereC．whoD．what7、A．sisterB．motherC．fatherD．brother8、A．giveB．giftC．bringD．take9、A．confusingB．excitingC．happyD．sad10、A．giveB．findC．takeD．make11、A．brainB．heartC．a(chǎn)rmsD．head12、A．whenB．whichC．whereD．what13、A．rememberB．forgetC．missD．see14、A．withB．withoutC．beforeD．beyond15、A．tookoutB．reachedforC．broughtupD．turnedaround16、A．inadvanceB．inreturnC．incaseD．inrelief17、A．tookB．a(chǎn)ddedC．reducedD．fetched18、A．spareB．effectiveC．expensiveD．safe19、A．dangerousB．differentC．suitableD．difficult20、A．whichB．whatC．thatD．where第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）SowhyhasEnglishchanged1．time?Actuallyalllanguageschangeanddevelop2．culturesmeetandcommunicatewitheachother.AtfirsttheEnglishspokeninEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150wasverydifferentfromtheEnglishspokentoday.ItwasbasedmoreonGerman3．theEnglishwespeakatpresent.Thengraduallybetweenabout800and1150,Englishbecame4．(little)likeGermanbecausethose5．ruledEnglishspokefirstDanishandlaterFrench.Thesenewcomers6．(rich)theEnglishlanguageandespecially7．(it)vocabulary.Sobythe1600sShakespearewasabletomakeuseofawidervocabularythaneverbefore.In1620someBritish8．(settle)movedtoAmerica.Laterinthe18thcenturysomeBritishpeople9．(take)toAustraliatoo.Englishbegantobespokeninbothcountries.Today,10．numberofpeoplelearningEnglishintheworldisincreasingrapidly.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯（滿分10分）28．（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2、只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。DearPeter,Howtimesflies!IthadbeenalmostayearsinceyouleftChinatoSweden、Duringyourhomestayatmyhome,wehadsuchwonderfultimethatitseemedasifeverythinghadbeenhappenedyesterday、Ihavebeenlongtohearallaboutyouandmissingyousomuch、Fortunate,Iwasselectedasoneofthestudentrepresentativetopayavisittoyourschool、ThevisitwilllastonJuly7thto20th、Andasasupersoccerfan,I’dreallylovetovisitourlocalsoccerclub、Ican’twaitforthedaytocomewhereIcanseeyou、Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)書面表達（滿分25分）2