2021-2022學(xué)年北京市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高一上學(xué)期期中測試英語試題（解析版）（不含聽力音頻）

2021-2022學(xué)年北京市重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高一上學(xué)期期中測試英語試題滿分130分時間：120分鐘第一部分：聽力（共三節(jié)，每小題1.5分，共30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，共7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話你將聽一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanlikeabouttheplay?A.Thestory.B.Theending.C.Theactor.2.Whichplacearethespeakerstryingtofind?A.Ahotel.B.Abank.C.Arestaurant.3.Atwhattimewillthetwospeakersmeet?A.5:20.B.5:10.C.4:40.4.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Changetheplan.B.Waitforaphonecall.C.Sortthingsout(整理).5.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Seeafilmwithman.B.Offerthemallsomehelp.C.Listentosomegreatmusic.第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）聽下面4段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白你將聽兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.WhereisBen?A.Inthekitchen.B.Atschool.C.Inthepark.7.Whatwillthechildrendointheafternoon?A.Helpsetthetable.B.Haveaparty.C.Dotheirhomework.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Afamilyholiday.B.Abusinesstrip.C.Atravelplan.9.WheredidRachelgo?A.Spain.B.Italy.C.China.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Howdidthewomangettoknowaboutthird-handsmoke?A.Fromyoungsmokers.B.Fromanewspaperarticle.C.Fromsomesmokingparents.11.Whydoesthemansaythatheshouldkeepawayfrombabies?A.Hehasjustbecomeafather.B.Hewearsdirtyclothes.C.Heisasmoker.12.Whatdoesthewomansuggestsmokingparentsshoulddo?A.Stopsmokingaltogether.B.Smokeonlyoutsidetheirhouses.C.Reducedangerousmatterincigarettes.聽第9段材料，回答第13至15題。13WheredoesMichelleRaycomefrom?A.Amiddle-sizedcity.B.Asmalltown.C.Abigcity.14.WhichplacewouldMichelleRaytakehervisitorstoforshopping?A.TheZangGarden.B.TheHighlands.15.WhatdoesMichelleRaydoforcompletequiet?A.Gocamping.B.Studyinalibrary.C.Readathome.第三節(jié)（共5小題；每小題l.5分，共7.5分）聽下面一段對話，完成第16至第20五道小題，每小題僅填寫一個詞。這段對話你將聽兩遍。將答案寫在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置。AT&THOMEPHONESERVICECustomer’snameTom(16)_________________Address135-38RooseveltAvenueTypeofServicePlanFlatRateService$23.00LocalcallsonlyCompleteChoiceBasic$26.00Flexible(17)_______planAllDistanceOnline$40.00UnlimitednationwidecallingPaymentPaythebilleverymonthby(18)_________cardAccountNumber(19)______________ConnectionDateJuly(20)_____________Friday第二部分：完形填空（每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。PassingHappinessonIwasstandinginthecheckoutlinebehindawomanwholookedtobeinher60s.Whenitwasherturntopay,thecashieraskedherhowshewasdoing.Thewomanlooked____1____,shookherheadandsaid,“Notsogood.Myhusbandjustlosthisjob.Idon’tknowhowIgetthroughthedays.”Myheartached.Iwantedto____2____butdidn’tknowhow.ShouldIoffertopayforhergroceries?AsIwalkedintotheparkinglot,Isawthewomanreturninghershoppingcart.Irememberedsomethinginmypursethat1thoughtcouldhelpher.Itwasn’tahandfulofcash,____3____maybeitwouldmakeherlifebetter.MyheartpoundedasI____4____thewoman.“Excuseme,Iheardwhatyousaidjustnow.Itsoundslikeyou’regoingthroughareally____5____timerightnow.I’msosorry.I’dliketogiveyousomething.”Ihandedherthesmallcardfrommypurse.Whenthewomanreadthecard,shebeganto____6____.Andthroughhertears,shesaid:“Youhavenoideahowmuchthismeanstome.”Iwasalittle____7____byherreply.Havingneverdoneanythinglikethisbefore,Ididn’tknowwhatkindof____8____Imightreceive.AllIcouldthinktosaywas:“WoulditbeOKtogiveyouahug?”Afterweembraced,wesaidgood-bye.Thewordsonthecard?:“YouMatter.”Afewweeksearlier,acolleaguegavemeasimilarcardas____9____foradifficulttaskIwasdoing.WhenIreadthecard,Ifeltawarmglowspreadinsideofme.Deeplytouched,IorderedmyownboxofYouMattercardsandstarted_____10_____them.1.A.calm B.bored C.down D.shy2.A.check B.help C.learn D.prove3.A.but B.and C.so D.or4.A.visited B.pushed C.approached D.protected5.A.lucky B.hard C.wonderful D.busy6.A.count B.complain C.cry D.apologize7.A.excited B.scared C.disappointed D.surprised8.A.support B.prize C.attention D.reaction9.A.encouragement B.benefit C.trust D.appreciation10.A.playing B.sharing C.designing D.collecting【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.C5.B6.C7.D8.D9.A10.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者用“你很重要”卡片鼓勵一個生活艱難的陌生女人的故事。【1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：女士看起來情緒低落，搖頭道：“不太好。我丈夫剛剛丟掉了工作。我不知道我是怎么度過這些日子的。”A.calm冷靜的；B.bored無聊的；C.down情緒低落的；D.shy害羞的。根據(jù)下文“Notsogood.Myhusbandjustlosthisjob.Idon’tknowhowIgetthroughthedays.”可知，女士的丈夫剛剛丟掉了工作，自己無法度過這些日子，因此表現(xiàn)出低落的狀態(tài)。故選C項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我想幫助她但不知道怎么做。A.check檢查；B.help幫助；C.learn學(xué)習(xí)；D.prove證明。根據(jù)后文“ShouldIoffertopayforhergroceries?”可知，作者想幫助她結(jié)賬。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：這不是很多現(xiàn)金，但也許它會讓她的生活變得更好。A.but但是；B.and并且；C.so所以；D.or或者。根據(jù)上文“Itwasn’tahandfulofcash”以及“Ithoughtcouldhelpher.”可知作者錢包里的不是錢，但可能會幫到她。這里使用表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我走近那個女人時，我的心砰砰直跳。A.visited拜訪；B.pushed推；C.approached接近；D.protected保護(hù)。根據(jù)后文“Excuseme,Iheardwhatyousaidjustnow.”可知，作者與女士進(jìn)行了對話，因此是走過去接近她。故選C項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：聽起來你現(xiàn)在正在經(jīng)歷一段非常艱難的時期。A.lucky幸運(yùn)的；B.hard艱難的；C.wonderful完美的；D.busy忙碌的。根據(jù)上文“Notsogood.Myhusbandjustlosthisjob.Idon’tknowhowIgetthroughthedays.”可知，女士的丈夫剛剛丟掉了工作，自己無法度過這些日子，因此在經(jīng)歷一段艱難的時期。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)女人讀到卡片時，她開始哭了。A.count數(shù)；B.complain抱怨；C.cry哭；D.apologize道歉。根據(jù)后文“throughhertears”可知，作者此時在哭泣。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我被她的回復(fù)嚇到了。A.excited興奮的；B.scared害怕的；C.disappointed失望的；D.surprised驚喜的。根據(jù)上文“Andthroughhertears,shesaid:Youhavenoideahowmuchthismeanstome.”可知，女士哭著說這張卡片對于她意義重大。以及下文“Ididn’tknowwhatkindofreactionImightreceive”可知，女士哭著的回答是讓作者有些驚訝的。因?yàn)樽髡邚臎]做過這樣的事，因此不知道會受到什么樣的回復(fù)。這里的“嚇到”不是因?yàn)楸磉_(dá)“害怕”而是表達(dá)“因?yàn)轶@訝而嚇一跳”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：以前從來沒有做過這樣的事情，我不知道我可能會收到什么樣的反應(yīng)。A.support支持；B.prize獎品；C.attention注意；D.reaction反應(yīng)。根據(jù)上文“byherreply”可知，作者不知道會收到什么樣的回復(fù)和反應(yīng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾周前，一位同事給了我一張類似的卡片，作為對我正在做的一項(xiàng)艱巨任務(wù)的鼓勵。A.encouragement鼓勵；B.benefit益處；C.trust信任；D.appreciation欣賞。根據(jù)后文“adifficulttaskIwasdoing”可知，作者在做一項(xiàng)復(fù)雜任務(wù)的時候收到了一張鼓勵的卡片，符合本處語境。故選A項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：深受感動，我訂購了自己的一盒YouMatter卡片并開始與別人分享它們。A.playing玩；B.sharing分享；C.designing設(shè)計(jì)；D.collecting收藏。根據(jù)上文“Ihandedherthesmallcardfrommypurse.”可知，作者對他人分享表示鼓勵的卡片。故選B項(xiàng)。第三部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，共40分）第一節(jié)（每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。APastimeisabi-monthlymagazineforcuriousyoungminds.Manyofthetopicswewriteaboutwon’tbecoveredintheclassroom.Allthearticlesarewritteninalivelystyle,andeachoneispairedwithdrawingsbysomeofthecountry’smosttalentedartists.?Historyfocusesonarchaeological(考古的)sitesaroundtheworldwherearchaeologistsworktounearthimportantfinds.?Worldincludesstoriesaboutdailylife,folktales,andhistoryandtraditionsofthepeopleandplaces.?Sportincludesnutritiontips,informationaboutup-and-comingyoungathletes,andsportsevents.?Artstimulatesachild’sculturallife,fromfilmtotheatrethroughtowritingandmusic.Ontopofallthat,Pastimeispackedwithitemstostimulateayoungster’simagination,includingpagesofpuzzlesandastep-by-stepguidetocreatingtheirownimpressive-lookingdrawings.Ineveryissue,wereviewthelatestbookstopauthorswriteforyoungsters.TherearealsoshortworksoffictionwrittenespeciallyforPastimebysomeofourbestwriters.Weknowthatchildrenatthisagearedealingwithmanyemotionsandsometimesdifficultfeelings,sowehaveapersonaladvicepagetoreplytoquestionsdealingwithpersonalandmoralproblems.Unlikemanyoftoday’sthrowawaycomics,Pastimeiswrittenanddesignedtobekeptandtreasured.Weknowchildrenlovegoingonline—butwealsoknowhowmuchtheyenjoyholdingaprintedmagazineintheirhands,andtheexcitementtheygetwheneachnewissuedropsthroughtheletterboxpersonallyaddressedtothem.SubscriptionPastimeispublishedsixtimesayear.Anannualsubscriptioncostsjust￡20andmakesagreatgiftforanychildagedeighttotwelve.Toorderbyphone:Dial1-800-821-0156anduseOfferCodeWEBSAVE86forprint-onlysubscriptions.Youcancancelatanytimeformagazinesthathaven’tshippedyet.11.Ifareaderisinterestedinfestivals,hecanread______.A.HistoryB.WorldC.SportD.Art12.Whatdoesthemagazineprovide?A.Photosoftalentedartists.B.Storiescreatedbychildren.C.Suggestionsonreaders’problems.D.Bookreviewswrittenbystudents.13.Forsubscription,oneneedstoknowthatthemagazine______.A.offerselectroniccopiesB.costs￡20foreachcopyC.isforkindergartenchildrenD.ispublishedeverytwomonths【答案】11.B12.C13.D【解析】【分析】本文為一則廣告?！断病肥且槐緝蓚€月一期的雜志，專為好奇的年輕人而設(shè)。文章介紹了這款雜志的特色和訂閱方式?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。festival是指生活中值得紀(jì)念的重要日子，是世界人民為適應(yīng)生產(chǎn)和生活的需要而共同創(chuàng)造的一種民俗文化。根據(jù)文章中Worldincludesstoriesaboutdailylife,folktales,andhistoryandtraditionsofthepeopleandplaces.（世界包括關(guān)于日常生活、民間故事以及人民和地方的歷史和傳統(tǒng)的故事。）可知，如果一個讀者對節(jié)日感興趣，他可以閱讀“世界”模塊。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中Weknowthatchildrenatthisagearedealingwithmanyemotionsandsometimesdifficultfeelings,sowehaveapersonaladvicepagetoreplytoquestionsdealingwithpersonalandmoralproblems.（我們知道這個年齡段的孩子會處理很多情緒，有時會處理一些困難的情緒，所以我們有個人的建議頁面來回答一些個人問題和道德問題。）可知，這本雜志對讀者的問題提出建議。故C選項(xiàng)正確?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Subscription部分的Pastimeispublishedsixtimesayear.可知，這款雜志兩個月出版一期。故D選項(xiàng)正確。【點(diǎn)睛】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)理解題主要考查考生對文章中某一些特定細(xì)節(jié)或文章的重要事實(shí)的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解題和語義理解題兩種。直接理解題的答案與原文直接掛鉤，從閱讀材料中可以找到。此外，在閱讀中可以使用定位法與跳讀法解決細(xì)節(jié)理解題。定位法即根據(jù)題干和選項(xiàng)所提供的信息直接從原文中找到相應(yīng)的句子(即定位)，然后進(jìn)行比較和分析(尤其要注意一些同義轉(zhuǎn)換)，從而找出正確答案。跳讀法即根據(jù)題干和選項(xiàng)所提供的信息跳讀原文，并找到相關(guān)的句子(有時可能是幾個句子)或段落，然后進(jìn)行分析和推理等，從而找出正確答案。以本文第3小題為例，本題運(yùn)用定位法：我們根據(jù)題干Forsubscription,oneneedstoknowthatthemagazine____（為了訂閱，人們需要知道這本雜志___），其關(guān)鍵詞是subscription，從而直接定位到Subscription部分——Pastimeispublishedsixtimesayear.Anannualsubscriptioncostsjust￡20andmakesagreatgiftforanychildagedeighttotwelve.…forprint-onlysubscriptions.（《消遣》每年出版六次。年度訂閱費(fèi)用只是￡20，是一個送給任何八到十二歲孩子的很棒的禮物……純印刷訂閱。）再結(jié)合各選項(xiàng)可知，只有D項(xiàng)與原文相符。故D選項(xiàng)正確。BItallstartedthismorningjustbeforenoon.Mrs.Whitewasreturningfromthesupermarketwithherdaughterandafriend,theirneighbor.Theystoppedonthestairwayoftheirbuildingatheirfifth-floorapartment.Theneighboropenedherdoorfirst,andlittleLilyranpasther.Sheknewtheapartmentwell,sinceshehadvisiteditmanytimes.Thefriendputdownherkeysandshoppingbags,andturnedbackamomenttoMrs.White.Atthatmoment,therewasasuddengustofwindandthedoortotheapartmentwasclosed.Lilywasinside,alone.Thenthefriendrememberedthatshehadleftherkitchenwindowopen.SheandMrs.WhiterushedtoMrs.White'sapartmentandtelephonedthepolice.Buttherewasnotimetogethelpinopeningtheneighboringapartment.TheycouldseethatLilywasalreadyleaningoutofthekitchenwindow.Shehadclimbedontoachair.andsoonshewasclimbingoutontothewindowsill.Mrs.WhitecalledtoLilytogobackinside.Butthelittlegirldidnotunderstandthedangeranddidnotwanttogoback.Sheonlywavedtohermother.Thenshelostherbalanceandherfeetslippedoffthewindowsill.Shemanagedtoholdonforawhilewithherhands,butthenshebecameweakandshebegantobeafraid.Hermotherscreamedforhelp,andnowLilywascryingloudly.AndthenshecouldholdongolongerFortunately,severalpeoplehadrunoutintothestreetonhearingallthescreaming.Theysawthechildhangingontothewindowsillandgotreadytocatchher.Downshefellfivelongstoriesandlandedsafeandsoundinthearmsofthreestrongmen.TheywereLuis,Augusto,andAlfonsoNunes,fatherandsons,wholiveinthenextbuildinginhercommunity.Whentheyheardthescreams,theyrushedoutoftheirhome.“Ineverthoughtwe’ddoit”saidAlfonsoafterwards.“ButIkeptthinking,ifwedon’tcatchher,she’lldieandI’llfeelsadandguiltyallmylife.”14.WhosavedLilyeventually?A.Lily'sparents. B.Thenearbypolicemen.C.Mrs.White'sfriends. D.Neighborsinhercommunity.15.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Lilycouldn'tholdonthewindowsillbecauseshewasfrightenedandweak.B.Lilywasleftaloneintheapartmentduetoherfather'smistake.C.Lilywasrescuedbeforeshewasfallingfromthewindowsill.D.Lilywavedtohermotherbecausehermothersmiledather.16.FromwhatAlfonsosaid,wecantellthathewas________.A.intelligent B.humorous C.responsible D.strong-willed17.What'sthetitleofthepassage?A.ANaughtyGirl B.AnAmazingRescueC.AcarelessMother D.AnUnexpectedDanger【答案】14.D15.A16.C17.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了名為Lily的女孩因?yàn)闆]有意識到危險，爬出了廚房的窗臺，失去了平衡，腳從窗臺上滑了下來，幸虧社區(qū)的三個鄰居及時接住了她，Lily才得以獲救的故事。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Theysawthechildhangingontothewindowsillandgotreadytocatchher.Downshefellfivelongstoriesandlandedsafeandsoundinthearmsofthreestrongmen.TheywereLuis,AugustoandAlfonsoNunes,fatherandsons,wholiveinthenextbuildinginhercommunity.(他們看見那個孩子吊在窗臺上，就準(zhǔn)備去接她。她從五層樓高地方摔了下來，安然無恙地落在三個壯漢的臂彎里。他們是路易斯、奧古斯托和阿方索·努內(nèi)斯，這父子就住在她所在社區(qū)的隔壁)”可知，是社區(qū)里的鄰居救了Lily。故選D。【15題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Shemanagedtoholdonforawhilewithherhands,butthenshebecameweakandshebegantobeafraid.(她設(shè)法用手堅(jiān)持了一會兒，但隨后她變得虛弱，開始害怕)”可知，Lily又害怕又虛弱，無法抓住窗臺。故選A?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中““Ineverthoughtwe’ddoit”saidAlfonsoafterwards.“ButIkeptthinking,ifwedon’tcatchher,she’lldieandI’llfeelsadandguiltyallmylife.”(“我從沒想過我們會這么做，”Alfonso后來說?！暗乙恢痹谙耄绻覀冏ゲ坏剿?，她會死的，我這一生都會感到悲傷和內(nèi)疚?！?”可推知，Alfonso是個負(fù)責(zé)的人。故選C?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章主要講述了名為Lily的女孩因?yàn)闆]有意識到危險，爬出了廚房的窗臺，失去了平衡，腳從窗臺上滑了下來，幸虧社區(qū)的三個鄰居及時接住了她，Lily才得以獲救的故事。可知，B選項(xiàng)“一次了不起的救援”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。CIfyouchooseonlytocomplainandescapefromamisfortune,itwillalwaysfollowyouwhereveryougo.Butifyoudecidetobestrong,thehardshipwillturnouttobeafortuneonwhichnewhopeswillarise.Inanaccident,aboylostbothhisarmsandhisfatherwhowasthemainsourceofsupportforthefamily.Sincethen,hehashadtodependonthearmsofhisyoungerbrother.Inordertotakecareofhim,hisyoungerbrotherbecamehisshadow,neverleavinghimaloneforyears.Exceptforwritingwithhistoes,hewascompletelyunabletodoanythinginhislife.Asthetwobrothersgrewuptogether,theyhadtheirshareofproblemsandtheywouldoftenquarrel.Thenoneday,hisyoungerbrotherwantedtoleave,livinghisownlife,asmanynormalpeopledo.Sohewasheart-brokenanddidn'tknowwhattodo.Asimilarmisfortunehappenedtoagirl,too.Onenighthermother,whosufferedfromchronic（慢性的）mentalillness,disappeared.Herfatherwentouttolookforhermother,leavingheraloneathome.Shetriedtopreparemealsforherparents,onlytooverturnthekerosene(煤油)lightonthestove,resultinginafirewhichtookherhandsaway.Thoughhereldersisterwhowasstudyinginanothercity,showedherwillingnesstotakecareofher,shewasdeterminedtobecompletelyindependent.Atschool,shealwaysstudiedhard.Mostofallshelearnedtobeself-reliant(依靠自己).Oneday,theboyandthegirlwerebothinvitedtoappearonatelevisioninterviewprogram.TheboytoldtheTVhostabouthisuncertainfutureatbeingleftonhisown,whilethegirlwasfullofenthusiasmforherlife.Theybothwereaskedtowritesomethingonapieceofpaperwiththeirtoes.Theboywrote:Myyoungerbrother'sarmsaremyarms;whilethegirlwrote:Brokenwings,flyingheart.18.Whatattitudeshouldwetaketowardsamisfortuneintheauthor'sopinion?A.Tryingtofindanescapefromit.B.Facingitbravelywithapositivemind.C.Askingforhelpfromyourrelatives.D.Ignoringitandlivinganormallife.19.Aftertheaccident,theboy________.A.decidedtolivewithhisbrother B.learnttodothingswithhistoesC.madealivingallbyhimself D.dependedwhollyonhisbrother20.Whatdidthegirlmeanby"Brokenwings,flyingheart"?A.Nevergiveuphopesinfaceofhardship.B.It'snoteasyforhertoliveanormallife.C.Ifabirdlosesitswings,itcannotfly.D.Ifyouloseyourhands,yourlifewillbehard.21.Howdoestheauthordevelopthetext?A.Intheorderoftime. B.Bylistingfacts.C.Bymakingacomparison. D.Intheorderofimportance.【答案】18.B19.D20.A21.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，主要通過講一個男孩和一個女孩的故事說明如果你只選擇抱怨和逃避不幸，那么不幸將永遠(yuǎn)跟著你。但如果你下定決心要堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，苦難就會變成一種財(cái)富，在它上面會產(chǎn)生新的希望?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Butifyoudecidetobestrong,thehardshipwillturnouttobeafortuneonwhichnewhopeswillarise.（但如果你下定決心要堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，苦難就會變成一種財(cái)富，在它上面會產(chǎn)生新的希望。）”可知，在作者看來，我們應(yīng)該對不幸采取的態(tài)度是用積極的心態(tài)勇敢地面對。故選B?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Sincethen,hehashadtodependonthearmsofhisyoungerbrother.Inordertotakecareofhim,hisyoungerbrotherbecamehisshadow,neverleavinghimaloneforyears.（從那以后，他不得不依靠弟弟的手臂。為了照顧他，弟弟從小到大一直跟在他的身邊，形影不離。）”可知，事故發(fā)生后，男孩完全靠弟弟，故選D?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Thoughhereldersisterwhowasstudyinginanothercity,showedherwillingnesstotakecareofher,shewasdeterminedtobecompletelyindependent.Atschool,shealwaysstudiedhard.Mostofallshelearnedtobeself-reliant(依靠自己).（雖然在外地讀書的姐姐愿意照顧她，可她一定要自己照顧自己。在學(xué)校，她總是努力學(xué)習(xí)。最重要的是，她學(xué)會了自力更生。）”可知，女孩說的“斷了翅膀，心在飛翔”的意思是面對困難不要放棄希望。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Inanaccident,aboylostbothhisarmsandhisfatherwhowasthemainsourceofsupportforthefamily.（在一次事故中，一個男孩失去了他的雙臂和他的父親父親是家庭的主要經(jīng)濟(jì)來源。）”和第四段的“Asimilarmisfortunehappenedtoagirl,too.（同樣的不幸也發(fā)生在一個女孩身上。）”可知，本文是通過比較來展開文章的，故選C。DClimatechangeisthreateningourfutureasmoreandmoregreenhousegaseslikeCO2aregatheringintheatmosphereandheatinguptheplanet.Tofighttheproblem,bothscientistsandeconomistshavesuggestedsomegoodsolutions.Itturnsoutthatwhales,animalswe’vehuntedtonearextinction,areexcellentattakingawayCO2.WhalesremoveCO2fromtheairintwoways.First,theymovenutrients(營養(yǎng)物)fromtheirfeedingareasdeepintheoceanbacktothesurface,wheretheyreleasethemintheirwaste.Thosenutrientsaidthegrowthofphytoplankton(浮游植物),which,likeotherplants,takesawayCO2fromtheair.Second,whalesthemselvescollectCO2intheirbodieswhentheyeatotheranimals.Thetotalamountofthegasaddsuptoabout33tonsoverawhale’slifetime.Whenwhalesdie,theytakeawayallthatCO2withthemdowntotheoceanfloor.Savingthewhalescouldalsobemorecosteffectivethanplantingtrees.Financialexpertssaythatonewhale,takingawayCO2andtourvalue,wouldbeworthaboutUS$2millionoveritslifetime.ComparethistothehighcostsneededtoplantandkeepforestsforremovingCO2,andyou’llseewhywhalesmightbeaneffectivesolution.Atonetime,millionsofwhalesswamtheworld’soceans.Unluckily,commercialwhalingbetweenthe1600sandthemid-1900sbroughtmanywhalespeciesclosetoextinction.Startinginthe1970s,carefulmanagementofwhalingbegan.Manyspeciesarerecovering,butthegiantanimalsstillfacemajorthreats.Onethreatiscontinuedhuntingdespiteinternationalregulation.Forexample,inJapan,“scientific”killsarecarriedout—oftenanexcusetogetwhalemeat,whichisconsidereddeliciousfood.Publicoutcryhaspressuredmanycountriestolimitorendwhaling,andexpertsbelieveanewwaytomakemoneyfromwhales—whalewatching—willalsobeeffective.However,anotherismoredifficulttosolve—pollution.Whalesareaffectedbypollutionfromchemicals,noise,andthehugeamountsofplasticandgarbagethatendupintheoceans.Thesegiantsoftheseaareimportanttothefuturehealthofourplanet.Ifwhalepopulationsincreasedtowheretheywerebeforecommercialwhaling,whalescouldremoveanestimated1.7billiontonsofCO2peryear.Itmightbeanimpossibledream,butit’sonedefinitelyworthfightingfor.22.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouthowwhalesremovecarbonfromtheair?A.Theymovenutrientsfromdeepintheoceantothesurface.B.Manyspeciesofwhalesdon’treleaseCO2.C.WhalescollectCO2intheirbodiesthroughthefoodtheyeat.D.Whenwhalesdie,thecollectedCO2remainsintheirbodies.23.Whatisthefinancialvalueofawhalecomparedto?A.Thecommercialhuntingofoceananimals.B.Thefinancialvalueofoceantourism.C.Thehighcostsoftreeplantingandforestprotecting.D.TheabilityofphytoplanktontoremoveCO2fromtheair.24.Accordingtothepassage,whatthreatisthehardertosolvenow?A.Pollution. B.Scientifickills.C.Whalewatching. D.Continuedhutting.25.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toanalysethebenefitswhalesbring.B.Toexplainwhywhalesareendangered.C.Toevaluatetheeffectofcommercialwhaling.D.Tocallonpeopletosavewhalessoastoprotecttheworld.【答案】22.B23.C24.A25.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了鯨魚在吸收二氧化碳方面非常出色，人類應(yīng)該停止獵殺和污染，保護(hù)這些瀕危動物。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“First,theymovenutrients(營養(yǎng)物)fromtheirfeedingareasdeepintheoceanbacktothesurface,wheretheyreleasethemintheirwaste.”（首先，它們把營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)從海洋深處的覓食區(qū)搬回海面，然后在那里把營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)通過排泄物釋放出來）可知，選項(xiàng)A正確，排除選項(xiàng)A；根據(jù)第二段“Second,whalesthemselvescollectCO2intheirbodieswhentheyeatotheranimals.”（第二，鯨魚在吃其他動物的時候也會把二氧化碳吸入體內(nèi)）可知，選項(xiàng)C正確，排除選項(xiàng)C；根據(jù)第二段“Whenwhalesdie,theytakeawayallthatCO2withthemdowntotheoceanfloor.”（當(dāng)鯨魚死亡時，它們把所有的二氧化碳都帶到了海底）可知，選項(xiàng)D正確，排除選項(xiàng)D。文中并未提及選項(xiàng)B（許多種類的鯨魚不釋放二氧化碳），所以選項(xiàng)B錯誤。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ComparethistothehighcostsneededtoplantandkeepforestsforremovingCO2,andyou’llseewhywhalesmightbeaneffectivesolution.”（與種植和保護(hù)森林以去除二氧化碳所需的高昂成本相比，你就會明白為什么鯨魚可能是一個有效的解決方案）可知，與植樹造林和森林保護(hù)的高成本相比，鯨魚更具經(jīng)濟(jì)價值。故選C。24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒第二段“However,anotherismoredifficulttosolve—pollution.”（然而，另一個問題更難解決——污染）可知，污染帶來的威脅更難解決。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“ClimatechangeisthreateningourfutureasmoreandmoregreenhousegaseslikeCO2aregatheringintheatmosphereandheatinguptheplanet.”（氣候變化正威脅著我們的未來，因?yàn)樵絹碓蕉嗟臏厥覛怏w，比如二氧化碳，正在聚集在大氣中，使地球升溫）以及“Itturnsoutthatwhales,animalswe’vehuntedtonearextinction,areexcellentattakingawayCO2.”（事實(shí)證明，鯨魚，這種被我們獵殺到幾近滅絕的動物，非常善于吸收二氧化碳）可知，文章介紹了鯨魚在吸收二氧化碳方面非常出色，目的是呼吁人們停止獵殺和污染，保護(hù)這些瀕危動物就是保護(hù)人類自己，故選D。第二節(jié)七選五(每小題2分，共10分)Doyoufeelyourlegstremblingbeforelargeaudiences?Doyouforgeteverythingyoumemorizedfordiscussion?Youarenotalone.___26___However,withgoodpreparationanddeliverytechniques,youcanhandleeventhebiggestofaudiences.___27___Challengeyourselftothinkmoreabouthowtheperformancecouldgowell.Remindyourselfwhyyouaredoingthisperformanceandwhyyoubelieveinit.Goodfeelingswillboostyourconfidenceinsteadofyournerves.Practiceandmakegoodpreparationbeforeperformanceday.Makesurethatyouknowyourlines,music,notecards,anythingatall,completelybyheart.Youcangothrougheverythingtoensurethatyou’vealreadybeenwellprepared.____28____Ifyou’reparticipatinginadebateorgivingaspeech,researchthetopicofdiscussionthoroughly.Thiswillincreaseyourknowledgeofthesubjectmatter.Therefore,youcanspeakconfidently.Thisisespeciallyimportantifyouwillanswerquestionsafterthespeech!Getridofallnegativethoughts.Ifyoustarttellingyourselfthatyoucan’tdothis,youdon’tknowwhatyou’redoing,andsoon,yourconfidencewilldropdramatically.___29___Thiswillmakeyouthinkthatyoucan’tshowconfidenceonstagenomatterhowhardyouwork.Talktoyourfriendsorfellowperformers.Chancesare,anyoneelsethatisgoingonstagewithyouislackingconfidenceaswell.Itiscompletelynormaltobenervous.___30___Youcanalsotellatrustedfriendorfamilymemberhowyouarefeeling,andtheywillmostlikelysharetheirexcitementatseeingyouonstage.Gettingplentyofrestisreallyimportant.Youdon’twanttoappeartiredforyourspeechorperformance.Allowforyourbestnight’ssleepthenightbefore,whetheritmeansgoingtobedearlyorlisteningtosomecalmingmusic.Ifyoucanfollowthesetips,thenyoucandoit!A.Imagineitwillbeyourbestperformance.B.Don’toverdoanythingforyourperformance.C.Sharingthesefeelingscanhelpyoufeelalittlerelaxed.D.Anythingthatyoutellyourselfregularly,youstarttotakeasreality.E.Choosethetopicthatyoulikeandmakesyoufeelsecureandconfident.F.Thiswayyouwon’tbeworriedaboutthepossibilityofforgettingsomething.G.Eventhemostprofessionalperformerscansufferfromlackingconfidenceonstage.【答案】26.G27.A28.F29.D30.C【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。文章介紹了如何在舞臺上保持自信的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Doyoufeelyourlegstremblingbeforelargeaudiences?Doyouforgeteverythingyoumemorizedfordiscussion?Youarenotalone.”(你覺得在大批觀眾面前雙腿發(fā)抖嗎?你忘記了所有你記住的討論內(nèi)容嗎?你并不孤單。)可知，這些緊張的癥狀并不是你一個人有，G項(xiàng)中大多數(shù)專業(yè)表演者也有舞臺缺乏自信的情況?！皔ourlegstrembling”以及“forgeteverything”是“l(fā)ackingconfidenceonstage.”的表現(xiàn)。故選G。【27題詳解】根據(jù)空后“Challengeyourselftothinkmoreabouthowtheperformancecouldgowell.Remindyourselfwhyyouaredoingthisperformanceandwhyyoubelieveinit.Goodfeelingswillboostyourconfidenceinsteadofyournerves.”（挑戰(zhàn)自己，多想想如何才能讓表現(xiàn)順利進(jìn)行。提醒自己為什么要做這個表演，為什么你相信它。良好的感覺會增強(qiáng)你的信心而不是神經(jīng)。）可知，此處是本段的主旨句，“thinkmoreabout”和選項(xiàng)A中“imagine”是同義詞，這是讓自己想象這是一場最好的表演，故選A?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Makesurethatyouknowyourlines,music,notecards,anythingatall,completelybyheart.Youcangothrougheverythingtoensurethatyou’vealreadybeenwellprepared.”（確保你完全記住你的臺詞，音樂，筆記卡片，任何東西。你可以通過一切來確保你已經(jīng)做好了充分的準(zhǔn)備。）可知，前面講述了一些避免忘詞的有效方法，選項(xiàng)F中“thisway”就是指前面的方法。故選F。【29題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Getridofallnegativethoughts.Ifyoustarttellingyourselfthatyoucan’tdothis,youdon’tknowwhatyou’redoing,andsoon,yourconfidencewilldropdramatically.”（擺脫所有消極的想法。如果你開始告訴自己你做不到，你不知道你在做什么，等等，你的信心就會急劇下降。）以及空后“Thiswillmakeyouthinkthatyoucan’tshowconfidenceonstagenomatterhowhardyouwork.”（這會讓你覺得無論你多么努力，都無法在舞臺上展現(xiàn)自信。）可知，此處承上啟下，前面是假如我們一直告訴自己什么，我們就會當(dāng)真，后面說到這樣做得不良后果就是會影響我們的自信。故選D。【30題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Talktoyourfriendsorfellowperformers.Chancesare,anyoneelsethatisgoingonstagewithyouislackingconfidenceaswell.Itiscompletelynormaltobenervous.”（和你的朋友或其他表演者交談。很有可能，和你同臺的其他人也都缺乏自信。緊張是完全正常的。）以及空后“Youcanalsotellatrustedfriendorfamilymemberhowyouarefeeling,andtheywillmostlikelysharetheirexcitementatseeingyouonstage.”（你也可以告訴你信任的朋友或家人你的感受，他們很可能會分享他們看到你在舞臺上的興奮。）可知，這里介紹了克服緊張的方法，“Youcanalsotellatrustedfriendorfamilymember”這是建議分享，因?yàn)榉窒砜梢宰屓朔潘伞９蔬xC?！军c(diǎn)睛】第四部分：語法填空（每小題1分，共10分）31.Thegirl________isplayingtennisismybestfriend.（用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空）【答案】who##that【解析】【分析】【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：正在打網(wǎng)球的那個女孩是我最好的朋友。分析可知，空處引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句，先行詞girl在從句中作主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who/that。故填who/that?！军c(diǎn)睛】32.Ihavemanyfriendsto___