上海延安中學(xué)新高考沖刺押題（最后一卷）英語試卷及答案解析

上海延安中學(xué)新高考沖刺押題（最后一卷）英語試卷注意事項(xiàng)1．考試結(jié)束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并交回．2．答題前，請務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)用0．5毫米黑色墨水的簽字筆填寫在試卷及答題卡的規(guī)定位置．3．請認(rèn)真核對監(jiān)考員在答題卡上所粘貼的條形碼上的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)與本人是否相符．4．作答選擇題，必須用2B鉛筆將答題卡上對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)的方框涂滿、涂黑；如需改動(dòng)，請用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案．作答非選擇題，必須用05毫米黑色墨水的簽字筆在答題卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律無效．5．如需作圖，須用2B鉛筆繪、寫清楚，線條、符號(hào)等須加黑、加粗．第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．--Ittookmeeightyearstobuildupmybusiness,anditalmostkilledme.--Well,youknowwhattheysay..A．ThereisnosmokewithoutfireB．Nopains,nogainsC．AllroadsleadtoRomeD．Practicemakesperfect2．---Mr.Johnsonhasbeenchosenasthemanagerofthesalesdepartment.---___________hewassoexcitedthismorning.A．Nochance B．NowayC．Notpossible D．Nowonder3．Youshouldfirstexploreyourtalentsandgettoknowyourselfsoastomakealistof_________youthinkyourrealinterestslie.A．thatB．whatC．whereD．how4．—DoyouknowLindawasfiredforhercasualattitudetowardsthejob?—Nowondershe_________whenItriedtoamuseherthismorning.A．wastickledpink B．pulledmylegC．gavemethecoldshoulder D．sawthehandwritingonthewall5．Giventhehugegap_______economicdevelopmentandculturalconsciousness,youngpeoplefindbigcitiesaresaferthansmalltowns.A．inviewofB．incaseofC．inconsequenceofD．inrespectof6．________leftthedoorunlockedmustbeheldresponsiblefortheaccident.A．Whomever B．WhoeverC．Whatever D．Whenever7．Themanageristryingtofindamantorecommendhowthejob.A．isdone B．bedone C．shoulddone D．todo8．---DoyouthinkPeterisagoodpartner?---Notreally!Therearesomethingsthatarenoteasyto________,andhislazinessisone.A．putasideB．putupwithC．thinkofD．getalongwith9．-Whodoyouthinkisabletofinishthejobintwodays?-It'shardtosay.Thiswouldappeartobe________fortherelativelyefficient.A．a(chǎn)sacredcowB．a(chǎn)HerculeantaskC．a(chǎn)Pandora'sboxD．a(chǎn)child'splay10．Heissuchanunselfishman.Youcannothelpbut________him.A．respectB．torespectC．neglectD．toneglect11．________anincreaseinforeignlegalconflicts，Chinaisexpectedtoseethenumbercontinuetorise．A．Towitness B．BeingwitnessedC．Witnessed D．Havingwitnessed12．IfKatehadknownwhatwas_______forher,shewouldnothavemarriedTom.A．inresponse B．inreturnC．inreaction D．instore13．---Haveyouheardthattheyareworkingaroundtheclocktocompetefortheprize?---Don’tworry.Wearereadytothechallenge.A．buildup B．takeupC．stickto D．leadto14．Checkyourpapercarefullytosee________youhavemadeanymistakes.A．what B．which C．whether D．that15．China’sBeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystem,whosepositioning________willreach2.5metersby2020,willsoonprovideservicesformorecountries.A．a(chǎn)ccuracy B．categoryC．function D．reference16．Whethersomethingisaliveordeadisacrucial______anditisonethatchildrenhavenodifficultyunderstandingbytheageoffive.A．declaration B．distinction C．division D．distribution17．Ourclassheldafierce________astowhethertoreducetheamountofhomeworkornot.A．bargainB．competitionC．debateD．campaign18．Accordingtothereport,peopleinthe________areasarerebuildingtheirhomesandmanyroads________totheareahavebeenrepaired.A．flooded;lead B．flooding;leading C．flooding;tolead D．flooded;leading19．Thepetrolinthecar_____onourwaytothebeach,sowehadtowalkthere.A．gaveup B．gaveoff C．gavein D．gaveout20．Meyerandhisteamwerethefirst______howthediseasespreadsfromanimalstohumans.A．showing B．show C．toshow D．shown第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21．（6分）AprimaryschoolinHangzhousaidonMondayit’spullingasexeducationtextbookovercomplaintsaftergainingrecentinternationalattentionforbothitsprogressiveapproachanditsgraphiccontent.Controversysparkedafteramotherofasecond-graderattheschoolpostedaboutthetextbookonSinaWeiboonFebruary28,complainingthebookcontainedoverly-graphicillustrationsofreproductive(生殖的)organs.Thebook,publishedbyBeijingNormalUniversity,aimsforstudentsaged6to13.Ithadbeenusedinschoolsfornearlyadecadebeforetherecentroundofcontroversy.InChina,sexeducationoftenfacesresistance,especiallyfromtheoldergenerationofparentswhousedtotelltheirchildrenthatbabieswerepickedupinstreetsorjumpedoutfromrocks.China’ssexeducationisconsideredconservativeandschoolsusuallytrytoavoidthesubject,leavingtheresponsibilitytoparentsorsociety.Nowadays,thefrankdescriptionofsexualbehaviorinarecently-releasedsexeducationtextbookforprimaryschoolstudentsinthecityhastriggeredawaveofparentalconcern.Isthesexeducationtextbooktrulytooclearlyexpressed?Somepeopleholdthatthesexeducationbookshouldbedetailed.Sexeducationisanimportantwayofteachingchildrenknowingthemselves,sowecannotambiguouswordsdescribingthesex.Ontheotherhand,adultsseedirtythingsinthebookswhilestudentsmaynot.Theyseethingsinadifferentwayandweshouldnotjudgethebooksfromourperspective.Thereisnoneedtoavoidsexineducation.Othersdonotagree.Theythinkitisnotwrongtodescribesexindirectways,butthesentencesinthebookaretoorudeandareevenbannedfromourwebsite.Thewordingshouldbemoretenderandbeautifulinbooksforchildren.AsfarasIcansee,weshouldbemorecarefulaboutthesensitivetopic,sexeducation.Differentmethodsshouldbeappliedtochildrenofdifferentagegroups.Wecantellmoredetailsaboutsextotheolderchildren,becausetheycanacceptitsmoothly,andgivemorepictures,ortenderwordstotheyoungerones.1、Whydidtheeldergenerationusetolieaboutwherekidscamefrom?A．BecausetheywereinnocentandhadnoideaaboutthatB．Becausetheywerenotopen-mindedanddidn’twanttheirkidstobeexposedtosextooearlyC．BecausesexwassoprivatethattheyfeltshamefulwhentellingthetruthD．Becausetheydidn’twanttogoagainstschools,whousuallytriedtoavoidthesubject2、Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoesnotagreewiththeoriginaltext?A．Recently,thesexeducationbookmentionedabovehasbecomeaglobalconcern.B．ParentscriticizethedirectwaysthesexeducationbookadoptedtodescribesexC．PeopledividetheiropinionsonwhethersexeducationisnecessaryornotD．It’snotthefirsttimethesexeducationbookmentionedhasbeenusedinschools3、Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．TherewasnodebateoverthesexeducationbookbeforetherecentroundcontroversyB．Accordingtothesupporters,parentsshouldputthemselvesintheirchildren’sshoeswhendealingwiththesexeducationbookC．DifferentmethodsshouldbeusedonchildrenofdifferentagegroupsD．Sexeducationissosensitiveatopicthatthewritercanhardlybringforwardanyadvice4、Whichofthefollowingwordsisthenearestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“progressive”inthefirstparagraph?A．RewardingB．StrangeC．ReasonableD．Advanced22．（8分）TheHarvardPre-CollegeProgramisaniceexperienceforhighschoolstudents.Alongsidepeers(同輩)fromaroundtheworld,you’llbeintroducedtocollegelifeasyouattendclasses,liveoncampus,andenjoyfunoutingsandactivities.◆LearningwithoutlimitsBiology,physics,law,writingandphilosophy—thesearejustafewofthe30-pluscoursesyoucanchoosefromineachsession.Inournoncreditclasses,wesetasidegradessothatyoucanfullycommittoyourgrowthasawell-roundedstudent.Classsizestypicallyrangefrom14to18studentstoencourageinteractivelearning.◆LivingatHarvardWhenyouattendthePre-CollegeProgram,you’llliveinahistoricundergraduatehouse,nearHarvardSquare.YouwillbewithyourfellowPre-Collegestudents,residentdirectors,andproctorswhoprovidesupport.You’llalsoenjoymealsinoneofHarvard’sdininghalls,whichareashortwalkfromHarvardYardandprovidemanyoptionsforavarietyofdietaryneeds.◆ThrivingoutsidetheclassroomThesummerPre-CollegeProgramoffersmanymentallychallengingco-curricular(補(bǔ)充課程的)activitiesbeyondtheclassroom.WithfacultyandHarvard-affiliatedexperts,youwillhavetheopportunitytoparticipateinworkshopsontopicslikethepsychologyofcolor-blindness,classicliteraturefromaroundtheworldandscienceofhappiness.FromourCambridgescavengerhunttoatriptotheSandSculptingFestivalatAmerica’sfirstpublicbeach,there’snoshortageoffunactivitiesinthePre-CollegeProgram.1、Whatdoweknowaboutthe30-pluscourses?A．Youcanonlychoosefiveofthem.B．Theyprovidecreditsforstudents.C．Youshouldsetasideothersubjects.D．Theyassistyourfulldevelopment.2、Wherecanyouenjoymealsduringtheprogram?A．NearHarvardSquare. B．ClosetoHarvardYard.C．Inoneoftheworkshops. D．Inanundergraduatehouse.3、Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Toadvertisemeals. B．Tocommentonanactivity.C．Tointroduceaprogram. D．Torecommendcourses23．（8分）Twenty-fiveyearsago,asaparenteducator,Ibeganreadingaboutthedangersofpraise.IwascompletelyshockedbywhatIwaslearning:praiseisnotgoodforourkids.Howcouldthatbe?SoIspentyearstalkingwithexperts,readingabouttheeffectsofpraise,andfinallydecidedtoclosethedooronpraiseandfocusonbuildinganencouragingfamily.Eventoday,withmanystudiesavailabletoparents,Istillhearpeoplesay,“Howcanthatbe?Howcansaying‘Goodjob’or‘You’resmart’bebad?”Iunderstand.Itcanbeadifficulthabittobreak.Ifwetellaboy“Youaresosmart!”whenhebringshomeanAinhismathtest,howdoeshefeelwhenhecomeshomewithaD?Ifwe’vetoldhimthatheissmart,thenhewillmorelikelyfeelafailurewhenhestruggleswithhomework—“I’msupposedtobesmart.Whycan’tIdothis?”Praisetrainschildrentodependonconstantfeedbackonwhata“greatjob”theyaredoing.Thisdependencyshattersratherthanbuildschildren’sconfidence.Praisetrainschildrentoask,“Doyoulikeit?”“DidIdoagoodjob?”“Areyouproudofme?”Theybegintobelievethatwhatothersthinkismoreimportantthanwhattheythinkabouttheirachievementsandmistakes.Praisebreakstherelationshipbetweenparentsandchildren.Withoutevenrealizingit,parentsmaybeusingpraiseasatooltodirectthechild’sbehavior.Themessageisclear—Iapproveofyouwhenyou…andIdonotapproveofyouwhenyou…Livingwiththiskindofconstantjudgmentcandamagenotonlythechild’sconfidencebutalsotherelationship.Thesolutiontotheproblemofpraiseisencouragement.Encouragementcanbegivenatanytime,toanyone,inanysituation.Itisacomment,anacknowledgment,astatementthatfocusesoneffort,improvementorchoice.Hearing“Youaresosmart!”canleaveachildatalosswhentheydon’tdowellinatest.Using“ThattookalotofworktocomehomewithanAinyourtest…”givesachildthechancetobesomethingelse.1、Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Manyparentscan’tgetonwellwiththeirchildren.B．Theauthornevershowsanyapprovaltohischildren.C．It’shardformanyparentstobelievepraiseisharmful.D．Theauthorspent25yearschangingpeople’sopiniononpraise.2、Accordingtothepassage,itseemsthatparents’praise______.A．canleadtochildren’sbeingsmartB．mighthavejusttheoppositeeffectC．isagoodtooltoeducatetheirchildrenD．helpsthemgetalongwellwiththeirchildren3、Whichofthefollowingisagoodexampleofencouragement?A．Youareverygoodatmath.B．YouarethebestartistIhaveeverseen.C．Youhaveaproblemandyouhavetofixit.D．Youdidn’tthinkyoucouldfinishintime,butyoudid.24．（8分）APortland,Oregonman,ColinO’Brady,hasbecomethefirstpersontotravelacrossAntarcticabyhimselfwithreceivinganyassistance.O’Bradycompletedthe1,500-kilometertriponWednesday.Hecrossedthecontinentin54days.Friends,familyandotherpeoplefollowedhisprogressthroughmessagesandpicturesheleftonsocialmedia.The33-year–oldO’BradydocumentedthetriponthesocialnetworkingserviceInstagram.HewroteWednesdaythathetraveledthelast129kilometersinonebig,finalpushtothefinishline.Thedistancetookoveronedaytocomplete.O’Bradywrote,“Whilethelast32hoursweresomeofthemostchallenginghoursofmylife,theyhavequitehonestlybeensomeofthebestmomentsIhaveeverexperienced.”Thedaybefore,hewrotethathewas“inthezone”andthoughthecouldmakeittotheendwithoutstopping.“I’mlisteningtomybodyandtakingcareofthedetailstokeepmyselfsafe,”hewrote“Icalledhomeandtalkedtomymom,sisterandwife—IpromisedthemIwillstopwhenIneedto.”O(jiān)therpeoplehavetraveledacrossAntarctica,buttheyallhadsomeformofassistance.Theyeitherhadbetter,moreplentifulsuppliesorequipmentthathelpedmovethemforward.In2016,BritishexplorerHenryWorsley’sdiedinhisattempttotravelaloneacrossAntarcticaunassisted.Worsley’sfriendLouisRudd,alsofromBritain,isnowattemptinganunaidedsolo(單獨(dú)的)journeyinhonorofWorsley.HewascompetingagainstO’Bradytobethefirsttodoit.O’BradyplanstostayonAntarcticauntilRuddfinisheshistrip.1、WhatdoweknowaboutColinO’Brady?A．HewasthefirsttotravelacrossAntarctica.B．HesucceededincrossingAntarcticaunaided.C．Hecoveredonly129kilometersin54days.D．Hemademanyfriendswhiletakingthetrip.2、WhatdoesO’Bradythinkofhislastdaybeforereachingthefinishline?A．Tiringbutpeaceful. B．Boringandunlucky.C．Challengingbutgreat. D．Worryinganddull.3、Whatcanbeinferredinthelastparagraph?A．SomepeoplehavemanagedtotravelacrossAntarctica.B．WorsleysucceededintravelingaloneacrossAntarctica.C．LouisRuddisnowundertakingthejourneywithWorsley.D．O’BradywillhaveafiercecompetitionwithLouisRudd.4、Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheAntarcticContinent. B．TheImpossibleFirst.C．TravelingInAntarctica. D．AnIncompleteJourney.25．（10分）Awomanlostthesightinoneeyeaftergoingswimminginapoolatahotelwearingcontactlenses（隱形眼鏡）.JennieHurst,fromSouthampton,sufferedfromarareandpainfulinfectioncausedbyamoeba（變形蟲）inwater.Theinfectioncausespeopletobesensitivetolightandthe28-year-oldsaidshehadtostayinadarkroomforthreemonths.Sheisnowwarningofthedangersofswimmingorshoweringwearingcontacts.MsHurstexperiencedfouroperationsandatreatmentinwhichshehadeyedropseveryhalfhour."DuringthattimeIstayedinmybedroomwithblackcurtainsatthewindow.TheonlythingIcoulddowastolistentotheradio.Oneevening,IwassoeagertolookoutofwindowtogetalookoftheoutsideworldthatIopenedmycurtainsinthemiddleofthenight.AssoonasIdidthisthemoonshoneinmyeyesanditreallyhurt.Ididn'tdothatagain.Ihavebeenleftwithnosightinmylefteyeandthedamagetomyrighteyecouldbelasting,"shesaid.MsHursthadbeenwearingcontactlensesforfiveyears."Idon'tevenlikeswimming,"shesaid."MyfriendswerequitesurprisedthatIhadgoneswimmingandprobablythoughtthatIhadbeenabitlazy.Iwasn'tawareoftheproblematall—itdidn'tevenentermybraintotakethemout.IfeltresponsiblethatIhadletithappenwhenactuallyIcouldhavejusttakenmycontactsout."1、What'sthetextmainlyabout?A．Thewomanlosingsightwhileswimming.B．Arareinfectioncausedbycontactlenses.C．Anaccidenthappeninginahospital.D．Thetroubleofstayinginadarkroom.2、Amertheoperations,JennieHurstfeltA．frightenedB．calmC．regretfulD．a(chǎn)nxious3、WhatdoesJennieHurstmeaninthelastparagraph?A．Sheusedtogoswimmingveryoften.B．Shehasalsobeenhurtinherbrain.C．Shewillbebusywithherworkinfuture.D．Shemightbemorecarefulwhenswimmingnexttime.4、What'sthepurposeofthetext?A．Toanalyze.B．Toexplain.C．Towarn.D．Toencourage.第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)．26．（30分）Recently,Iexperiencedawonderfullessoninhowlittlethingsstillmeanalot.MyhomeisontheBigIslandofHawaii.Aboutamonthago,whenI36mycarandwasabouttodriveoff,I37attheroadside.Apieceofpaper38myeye.Ipickeditupandreadit39.Instantly,IwasgratefulthatIhaddonethat.TheformturnedouttobeareceiptfromtheStateMotorVehicleDivision,documentingtheowners’40oftheirVehicle’sRegistrationfees.Quickly,Iputmyselfintheirshoesand141:noonewouldthrowthisaway,especially42itwascurrent.Ialsolookedovertheformforcontactoranypersonal43,perhapsalicensetagortelephonenumber.Butthatseemed244.Theformhadbeenblownbythewind,so45wouldIfindtheowners?Haditbeenlyingthereforafewminutesoraweek?SoIcheckedthedateand46thenamesoftheowners,whomust47inourtown.Ibelievedthatthebestandeasieststeptotakewastoputtheformina（n）48addressedtothecoupleandmailitbypost.Further,IimaginedthatifIhadpostedthereceipttoawrong49,howfrantic（慌亂的）I’dbe.Butitwasmuch__50_toattempttoreturnitthantoleavethemangry,upset,etc.overthe51,soIdidasIthought.Myhunch（預(yù)感）wasright.Ontheweekend,ahappycouple52myhouseandbroughtmeabiggift.Theysaidtheyhadpanicked（恐慌）and53thereceiptmadlyeverywherebeforegivingup.Withoutittheywouldhaveto54another8,000.ItfeltgreattoknowI’dhelpedsomeoneavoidamajortroublebydoing55thatatfirstglanceseemedminor.1、A．found B．started C．bought D．parked2、.A．lay down B．flewdown C．glanceddown D．jumpeddown 1836．.A．caught B．blocked C．kept D．covered3、.A．suddenly B．gladly C．formally D．carefully4、.A．a(chǎn)pplicationB．payment C．permission D．a(chǎn)chievement5、A．decided B．planned C．calculated D．thought6、A．if B．because C．when D．though7、A．opinions B．news C．data D．matters8、.A．possible B．important C．useful D．unlikely9、A．why B．how C．what D．which10、A．noted B．recalled C．called D．changed11、.A．wait B．live C．stop D．study12、.A．bag B．pocket C．envelope D．dustbin13、A．place B．country C．way D．station14、.A．sadder B．better C．worse D．faster15、A．luck B．pain C．mistake D．loss16、.A．calledat B．touredaround C．rantowards D．returned to 17、A．tookaway B．searchedfor C．lookedat D．a(chǎn)skedabout 1852．A．earn B．save C．borrow D．spend18、.A．a(chǎn)nything B．nothing C．something D．everything第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）Wheredoyouwanttosendyourboystostudy?Amixedschooloraboys'school?1．(traditional),boysandgirlsattendamixedschool,wheretheystudytogether.Butboysinasingle-sexschool2．(say)tobemorelikelytogetinvolvedin3．(culture)andartisticactivitiesthathelpdeveloptheiremotionalexpressivenessthan4．(teach)alongsidegirls,accordingtothefindingsofsomeresearchers.Theysayinasingle-sexschoolteacherscantailorlessonstoboys’learningstyle,5．theycanalsoencourageboystoenjoyreadingandwritingwith"boy-focused"6．(approach)thatappealtothem.Forexample,theyaremoreactiveandcanlearnbestthroughtouch,solettingthemmovearound7．classroomandgettingthem8．(compete)inteamscanpreventboredom.“What'smore,boysinasingle-sexschoolwon'tfeelforcedtoact9．menbeforetheyunderstand10．(them)wellenoughtoknowwhatthatmeans.”thestudyreported.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）28．（10分）短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分,滿分10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同學(xué)寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1、每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；Airtravelhasthreeadvantageovertraintravel、First,itcansavemuchtime、Wecanflyfromoneplacetootherinalongtime,butbytrainwehavetospendmoretime、Second,airtravelismorecomfortablebecausetheplanefliessosmooththatwecanhaveagoodrestduringthetrip、Third,thetrainiscrowdingsometimesandpassengershavetositforalongtime,whatmakesthemtired、Buttraintravelalsohasit’sownadvantages、Foranexample,travelingbytraincostonlyalittlemoney、Besidesthis,wecanenjoytheviewoutthetrain’swindows、第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）29．（25分）假如你是校學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華，你們學(xué)校決定于本周日邀請多名消防員