考點29 閱讀理解之說明文-2021年中考英語考點一遍過 （原卷版）

考點29閱讀理解之說明文

”英語說明文"，顧名思義，就是一種以"說明、解釋"為主要表達方式的英語文體。它是對客觀事

物的性狀、特點、功能和用途等作科學解說的。它既不像故事那樣重在情節(jié)的敘述和描寫，也不像議論文

那樣，重在闡明主張和論點論據(jù)；更不像科幻作品那樣富于想象和虛構(gòu)夸張。說明文是通過解說事物、闡

明事理，使人們增長知識和技能。說明文是高考英語閱讀理解題中的重點內(nèi)容之一。說明文具有與自己特

點相適應的說明方法，因此說明文結(jié)構(gòu)復雜，專業(yè)術(shù)語多，易于拉開考生分數(shù)檔次，便于高校分層次選拔

人才。然而對于考生來說說明文抽象度高，解題難度大。高考對說明文的考查多為科普知識，動植物特性、

自然現(xiàn)象和新產(chǎn)品、新工藝介紹以及人文地理、風土人情等方面的說明文，文中解釋性、定義性、說明性

的句子居多。因此考生要掌握說明文的命題特點，敘述方式，以冷靜的心態(tài)閱讀原文，重點突破長句結(jié)構(gòu)

特點和邏輯關(guān)系，以便對其做出準確的語意理解。

說明文閱讀理解的特征

一般說來，英語說明文與其他文體一樣，文章所涉及的內(nèi)容不外乎以下幾個方面，即who-whatT

when—where—>howtwhy。

1.who：問的是這篇文章的主體是誰？（即所要說明和描述的人或事物）

2.whal：問的是主體做了什么事情？（即主體表現(xiàn)出的特性、功能和用途）

3.when和where：是在何時何地發(fā)生的？（即何時何地所表現(xiàn)出的特性、功能和用途）

4.how：通過什么方式表現(xiàn)出來的？

5.why：這種特性功能用途的原因是什么？

做說明文閱讀理解題的時候，一定要記住上面的wh-word。邊閱讀，邊搜記，牢記要點，把握全文。

明二跟蹤訓練

A

Haveyouevergonetoafast-foodrestauranttoeatandgottenakid'smealthatcamewithatoy?Sometimes

thosemealshavedifferenttoysfbrboysandgirls-maybeatruckfortheboysandatoybearforthegirls.Who

decidesthatboysliketoplaywithtrucksandgirlsliketoplaywithstuffedanimals?Iknowmanyboyswholike

stuffedanimalsandlotsofgirlswhoplaywithtrucks.Whenwedecidewhatsomeonewilllikeorhowtheywillact

justbecausetheyareboysorgirls,wearestereotyping（形成模式化觀念）.

Astereotypeisagroupthatweputpeopleinto.Ourhumanbrainsdothisallthetime;it'soneofthewaysthatour

brainhaslearnedtodealwiththeworld.Weseesomeoneandputthatpersonintoagroup-forexample,theoldor

theyoung,aboyoragirl.Isthatabadthing?No,it'snot.

Oneadvantageofastereotypeisthatitenablesustodealwithsituationsrapidlybecausewemayhavehada

similarexperiencebefore.Theuseofstereotypesisamajorwayinwhichwesimplifyoursocialworld;sincetheycut

downtheamountofprocessing(i.e.thinking)wehavetodowhenwemeetanewperson.

Althoughgroupingitselfisn'tbad,itcanbeharmfulsometimes.Itmakesusienoredifferencesbetweeneach

singleperson,thatis,weusuallythinkallthepeopleinonegrouparethesamebutthatmightnotbetrue.

Whenwestereotype,wethinkofagroupandgiveeveryoneinthatgroupcertaincharacteristics.Forexample,

thefastfoodrestaurantbelievedthatallboysliketoplaywithvehiclesandallgirlsprefertoyanimals.Theydidthat

basedonlyonwhethertheywereboysorgirls.

Stereotypesareproblemswhenbeliefsthatpeoplehaveaboutgroupsarenotnecessarilytrue.Haveyouever

heardanyonesaythat"Menarebetterdriversthanwomen"?Statementslikethistakeagroupofpeopleandgiveallof

themthesamebehaviorsorcharacteristics.Iknowmenwhoaregooddrivers,andIknowwomenwhoaregood

drivers.Itsnotfairtojudgeallpeopleinagroupbyastereotype.Weneedtorememberthateveryoneinthegroupis

anindividualwhohasdifferentabilities,interests,strengthsandbehaviors.

30.Theexampleofdifferenttoysforboysandgirlsismentionedtoshowthat.

A.boysandgirlspreferdifferenttoys

B.boysandgirlsaretreatedunfairly

C.peoplesometimesmixchildren'slikes

D.peoplehavefixedideasonthings

31.Whichofthefollowingstereotypesisuseful?

A.Makingfriendsbyhisappearance.

B.Boysdobetterinsciencethangirls.

C.Youtheasilydounreasonablethings.

D.Redsignsontheroadwarnusofdanger.

32.Theunderlinedword"ignore"inParagraph4probablymeans.

A.failtonoticeB.failtotrustC.failtosearchD.failtoface

33.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellusaboutstereotyping?

A.Stereotypingislikeacoinwhichhastwosides.

B.Ithelpsourbrainlearntodealwithsimilarsituations.

C.Judgingpeoplebystereotypingthemmakesthingshard.

D.Tryingtolearnaboutandformsomekindsofthemstereotypes.

B

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C.afreebookD.acouponoffreeparking

22.IfyougototheBookStore,youcanchoose.

A.shirtsB.mealsC.Children'sbooksD.movietickets

23.Lindawantstohaveafreesoftdrink,shecangoto.

A.Mike'sCafeB.Daniel'sMenswear

C.theBooksStoreD.DJMusicStore

C

YouAreWhatYouEat

Genetic（基因的）engineeringisthescientificchangeofthegeneticmaterialinalivingthing.Itallowsscientists

toidentifyspecificgenes,toremovethemfromalivingthing'schromosomes（染色體）,improvethem,analyzethem,

andpossiblyclonethem,andtothenreinsertthechangedgeneintotheoriginallivingthing,oracompletelydifferent

livingthings.Unliketraditionalbreeding（繁殖）,whereadesiredqualitywouldbebredwithinthesamekindofliving

things,geneticengineeringcaninsertdesiredonesintolivingthingsofdifferentkinds.Wow...didyoucatchthat?

Geneticengineeringcreatesmanypositivecontributionstoagriculture.Forexample,bygeneticallyengineered

（GE）foods,anti-canceragents,mineralsandvitaminscanbeincreased.Improvedtaste,shelflife,andbettertransport

areallpossible.Also,GEplantscanincreasepestandbacterialresistance（抵抗力）,therefore,makingthefoodsafe

fortheconsumers.

Butsomearguethatthepossiblenegativeeffectsoutweighthepositives,andcriticsarestartingtovoicetheir

worries.UnlikeEurope,intheUnitedStateslabeling（貼標簽）isnotrequiredongeneticallyengineeredfoodsoron

foodsthatcontaingeneticallyengineeredproducts.MostAmericansdonotrealizethattheyare,infact,eatingGE

foods.

Thepublicisalsoconcernedabouttheunknownhealthrisks.Withlimitedunderstandingofgenes,scientists

cannotpredictpossibleeffects.BecausemostgenesintroducedintoGEplantscomefromsourcesnotintroducedinto

thehumanbody,itisimpossibletoknowiftheywillcausereactions.Moreover,duetothelackoflabeling,ifallergies

（過敏）develop,itwillbeextremelydifficulttofindtheoriginofthem.

Thereisalsoamajormoralquestioninmanyminds.Formany,theconflictisnotifitissafeornot,butitdisturbs

thembecauseitisunnaturalandunnecessary.Wearecurrentlyproducingoneandahalftimestheamountoffood

neededtofeedtheworld,yetoneinsevenpeoplearestarving.SoGEfoodisunnecessary,andfailstoaddresstheroot

ofhunger.Manybelievethattheonlypeoplewhowillbenefitarethecorporationsthatproduceit.

ScientistscannotforeseethepossibleeffectsofGEfoods,yetweeatthemeverydaywithoutevenknowingit.

Wealreadyhaveenoughfood,sowhycreatemorethatcouldbepotentiallyharmfultous,totheEarthandtoall

wildlife?Ithinkthatthebenefitsareamazing,butuntilweknowforsurehowthesefoodswillaffectus,theyarenot

worththerisk.

27.Accordingtothepassage,traditionalbreedingisdifferentfromgeneticengineeringbecause.

A.traditionalbreedingchangesthegenesinthesamekindoflivingthings

B.traditionalbreedingtakesplacewithinthesamekindoflivingthings

C.traditionalbreedingismorescientific

D.traditionalbreedingchangesthegenesindifferentkindsoflivingthings

28.AccordingtoParagraph5,GEfoodisunnecessarybecause.

A.customerswillbenefitfromGEfood

B.we'renowproducingmorefoodthanbefore

C.itwon'thelpsolvetheproblemofhungerintheworld

D.thereareobviousdangersinproducingGEfood

29Whatisthewriter'swritingpurpose?

A.Tointroducegeneticengineering^positivecontributionstoagriculture.

B.TowelcomegeneticengineeringandGEfood.

C.TodiscussthedifferencesbetweenGEfoodandotherfood.

DTotellpeopletokeepGEfoodoffbeforetheirinfluenceonusisclear.

D

Roundeyes,roundhead,roundears,roundbody!Whatisthislovelylittleanimal?Helookslikeabear.Butheis

notabear.He'saKOALA.

PeopleinAustralialovekoalasandtakecareofthem.Theyhavesetupplacesforthemtolivesafely.Noonecan

killthemfortheirprettyfur.Whenakoalaisbom,hehasnofur.Andheisnotasbigasyourlittletoe!Themother

koalahasapocketinthefrontofherbody.Thebabygoesintothiswarmpocket.Therehestaysforsixmonths.

Whenthebabyleavesthepocket,hehasmuchftir.Andheisaboutasbigasyourshoe.Heclimbstohismother's

back.Heridestherewhilesheteacheshimhowtofindfood.Mrs.Koalaisalovingmother.Shetakesgoodcareofher

baby.Butwhenheisbad,shebeatshim!Thebabycriesjustasasmallchilddoes.Ifhekeepsoncrying,hismother

beatshimagain.Whenhestopscrying,shetakeshiminherarms.Andthentheybothgotosleepforawhile.

Thekoalacouldnotlivewithoutaspecialkindoftree.Thetreegiveshimbothhishomeandhisfood.Formost

oftheday,thekoalasleepsinthetree.

Atnight,thekoalalooksforfood.Hemaygomilestofindit.Helikesonlythebark（樹皮）andtheleavesofthe

tree.Heeatsnothingelse.Andheeatsmorethantwopoundseachnight!

It'sapitythatthousandsofkoalaswerekilledbybushfiresmonthsagoinAustralia.Weshouldprotectthe

environmentandcaremoreaboutwildlife,andthenwewillseethesmilingfacesoflovelykoalasagain,

59.PeopleinAustralia.

A.setupplacesforkoalastolivesafelyB.putkoalasinthetree

C.raisebabykoalasintheirpocketsD.keepkoalasintheirhomes

60.Koalascannotlivewithoutaspecialkindoftreebecause.

A.theyhavetokeepcoolunderthetreeB.theyeatthefruitonthetree

C.theyliveinthetreeandgetfoodfromitD.theystayinthetreeallthetime

61.WhichofthefollowingisTrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.KoalasonlyliveinAustraliaandweshouldprotectthem.

B.Australianslookafterkoalasalhomeandgivethemenoughfood.

C.Thousandsofkoalashidthemselvessafelyinthebushfiresmonthsago.

D.Therearenodifferencesbetweenourfoodandkoalas9food.

DoctorSeusswasbomin1904.Bythemiddle1950s,hehadbecomeoneofthebest-lovedandmostsuccessful

children'sbookwritersintheworld.Hisbooksareverypopularwithyoungreaders.Theyenjoytheinventedwords

andthepicturesofunusualfunnyanimalsandplants.

In1954,lifemagazinepublishedareportaboutschoolchildrenwhocouldnotread.Thereportsaidmany

children'sbookswerenotinteresting.DoctorSeussstronglyhopedtohelpchildrenanddecidedtowritebooksthat

wereinterestingandeasytoread.Heusedwordswiththesameendingsound,likefishandwish.Hedidnotreceive

traininginart.Yet,hedrewthepicturesformostofhisbooks.

In1957,Dr.SeusswroteTheCatintheHat.Heusedlessthan230wordstowritethebookandevena

six-year-oldshouldbeabletoreadit.Itwasafunstoryandeasytoread.Childrenlovedit.Theirparentslovedit,too.

Todayitisstilloneofthestoriestheylikebest.ThesuccessofTheCatintheHatmadehimwanttowritemorebooks

forchildren.In1960,hewroteabookusinglessthanfiftywords.ThebookiscalledGreenEggsandHam.

In1984,DoctorSeusswonaPulitzerPrize（普利策獎）.Hewashonoredfortheeducationandenjoymenthis

booksprovidedAmericanchildrenandtheirparents.

Hediedattheageof87,buthisinfluenceremains.Millionsofhisbookshavebeensoldworldwide.Peoplesay

hisbookshelpedchangethewayAmericanchildrenlearnedtoread.Yet,hisbooksarelovedbypeopleofallages.

DoctorSeussoncesaid,nIdonotwriteforchildren.Iwriteforpeople."

65.DoctorSeusslearnedfromthemagazinethat.

A.someschoolchildrencouldnotread

B.manychildren'sbookswereinteresting

C.childrenwantedtolearntoread

D.awriterforchildrenwaswanted

66.DoctorSeusstomakehisbookinterestingandeasytoread.

A.soldhisbooksinlargeoutdoorthemeparks

B.usedwordswiththesameendingsoundanddrewpictures

C.soldhisbookswithsomefreetoystothechildren

D.usedasmanysimplewordsandsentencesaspossible

67.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.DoctorSeusswrotebooksonlyforchildrenintheUnitedStates.

BDoctorSeusswroteGreenEggsandHamwithmorethan230words.

C.TheCatintheHatwaswrittenonlyforsix-year-oldchildren.

D.Hisbooksprovidededucationandenjoymentforchildrenandparents.

68.FromthetextweknowthatDoctorSeuss.

A.wonaPulitzerPrizesoonafterhisdeath

B.soldmillionsofhisbookshimselfworldwide

C.changedAmericanchildren'swayofreading

D.wrotethelargestnumberofbooksintheworld

F

Hasanyoneevertoldyouthateatingcarrotswillhelpyouseeinthedark?Thisisjustoneofmanyincorrect

beliefsyoumayhaveheard.Below,TEENShaspickedoutscientificexplanationsforthreemistakesthatpeoplemake

abouttheireyes.Let*stakealook.

Caneatingcarrotsimproveyoureyesight?

CarrotsarerichinvitaminA,whichhelpstheeyestoturnlightintoinformationforyourbrain.Thisallows

peopletoseeindarkerplaces.However,eatingmorecarrotswon'thelpyouseebetter.Acertainminimumamount

willhelp,butalargenumberofcarrotswillnotgiveyousuperhumanvision.

Ifyourparentshavebadeyesight,willyouhavebadeyesight,too?

Myopia（近視）canbepassedfromparentstochildren.AstudybytheAmericanOptometricAssociation

foundthatifbothparentsaremyopic,there'sa33to60percentchancethattheirchildwillbe.Forchildrenwhohave

oneparentwithmyopia,thechanceis23to40percent,andit'sdownto6to15percentforkidswithnon-myopic

parents.Soifyoureyesightisbad,yourchildrenmightstillhavegoodvision.

Docolorblindpeopleseetheworldinblackandwhite?

Colorblindnessdoesn*tusuallymeanthatpeopleseetheworldlikeanoldmovie.Theyusuallycan'ttellcertain

colorsapart,especiallygreenandred.Anothercommonlyconfusedpairofcolorsisyellowandblue.Oureyeshave

conecells（視錐細胞）thatsensedifferentwavelengthsoflight.Ifthesecellsdon'tworkproperly,colorblindness,

occurs.Therearedifferentlevelsofcolorblindness.Somepeopleareonlycolorblindinlowlight.However,inthe

mostseriousformofcolorblindness,everythingisshadesofgray.

26.Accordingtothearticle,eatingcarrots.

A.stopsthebrainfromseeingB.doesn'thelpyouseebetteratall

C.willhelpyouseeclearlyinthedarkD.isgoodforyoureyestosomedegree

27.Ifbothparentshavemyopia,theirchild'schanceofhavinggoodeyesightis.

A.40-67%B.33-60%C.23-40%D.6-15%

28.Theunderlineword“occurs,inthispassageprobablymeans.

A.惡化B.發(fā)生C.改善D.加深

29.Whatisthecauseofcolorblindnessaccordingtothetext?

A.Watchingmoviesfbrtoolong.B.Gettingtoolittleexercise.

C.Conecellsnotworkingproperly.D.Changesinthewavelengthoflight.

30.Whatisthepurposeofthearticle?

A.Tooffersomeadviceonprotectingyoureyes.

B.Toclearupsomemisunderstandingsaboutoureyes.

C.Toprovidehelpforimprovingyourvision.

D.Toexplainhowbadeyesightandcolorblindnessform.

Fromvideogamesandmuseumstomedicaltraining,VR（virtualreality,虛擬現(xiàn)實）hasbeenchangingourlives

forthebetter.However,thiswonderfulnewtechnologyhasaso-farunsolvableproblem:Itmaymakepeoplefeelsick

fromtheVRexperience.Thefeelingofsickness,causedbyVR,iscalledcybersickness.

"WithmodernVRsystems,thepossibilityofcybersicknessafteronly15minutes'experienceisfrom40to70

percent,'1ThomasStoffiregen,aresearcherattheUniversityofMinnesota,USsaid.Thissicknessisprobablycaused

bysensoryconflict（感覺沖突），explainedStoffregen.WhenyouarewearingaVRheadset,yourbody*smotion

sensorscannotmatchtheinformationreceivedbyyoureyes.Forexample,whenwewearaVRheadsetandridea

virtualroller-coaster,wethinkwearegoingupanddown,butourbodiesstaystill.Itleadstothelossofbalance.

Sicknessisfromourbodies,naturalreactiontotheexperience.Addingtothisproblem,womenaremorelikelytofeel

sickfromtheVRexperiencethanmen.

AccordingtoastudybyBasRokers,ascientistattheUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,US,onereasoncould

betheheadsets.Toworkproperly,VRheadsetsmustmatchupwithyourPD（pupildistance,瞳距）.Sincetheyare

designedlargerPD,noteveryonegetsthebestexperience.RokersfoundthelargerPDdistanceis,thegreater

discomfortwillcause.Basedonhisstudies,about90percentofwomenhaveashorterPDthantheheadsetismade

andthat'sthereasonwhywomenaremorelikelytohavecybersickness.

CybersicknesspreventsthewidespreaduseofVRtechnology.Onceitbecomescomfortableandeasytouse,

however,itcouldplayagreatroleinourlives.

8.WhichisRightaboutcybersickness?

A.It'sacommonproblemwithVRtechnology.B.Itiscausedbyone'spoorsenseofdirection.

C.Il'smorepossibleforyoungpeopletofeelsick.D.Ilonlyhappenstowomenandchildren.

9.Theexampleofridingavirtualroller-coasterisusedto.

A.tellwhatitisliketohavecybersicknessB.explainhowcybersicknessiscaused

C.tellpeoplehowtoavoidcybersicknessD.showhowcybersicknessinfluencespeople

10.Whyarewomenmorelikelytohavecybersickness?

A.Theyhaveapoorsenseofdirection.B.VRheadsetsareonlymadeformen.

C.VRheadsetsaretoolargefortheirPDs.D.Theyareeasytolosebalance.

11.WhatdoesthewriterthinkoftheVRtechnology?

A.TheVRtechnologyhasalreadyplayedagreatroleinourlives

B.ThereisstillsomethingtodobeforeVRtechnologyplaysagreatrole.

C.TheVRtechnologyiscomfortableandeasytouseforeveryone

D.It'simpossibleforVRtechnologytobepopularinthefuture.

真題再現(xiàn)

A【2020?廣東省】

OncethereweremanythousandsofGourmaDesert（沙漠）elephantsinMali,acountryinWestAfrica.Now,

therearefewerthanfourhundred.

Whydidthenumberoftheelephantsdropsoquickly?Ontheonehand,theelephants9mainlake,theironly

watersource（來源）,driedup.Ontheotherhand,thelandwhichtheelephantslivedonwasoverusedbyhumans.

Toprotecttheelephants,livingenvironment,theMaliElephantProject（MEP）wasstartedin2007.MEPmet

withlocalpeopleandhelpedthemmakerulesofusinglandandwater.Asaresult,thesituationbecamebetterand

therewasmorefood,forestandgrassland.

However,from2012to2016,poaching（偷獵）andillegaltradeintheelephantsincreasedrapidly.Eighty-three

elephantswerelostin2015alone,andanotherfifty-oneelephantwerekilledin2016.“Ifthissituationgoeson,all

theGourmaelephantswillbekilledby2020,saidamemberofMEP.

Luckily,thevoiceofMEPwasheard.Moreorganizations（組織）havejoinedtogethertoeducatethelocal

peoplethattradingelephantsisagainstthelaw.Elephantpoachinghasdroppedtoaverylowlevel.Thelocal

peoplehavelearnedtolivepeacefullywiththeelephants,oneofthewildlifetreasuresintheworld.

26.MEPwasstartedto.

A.raisemoreelephantsinMaliB.stopthemainlakefromdryingup

C.discoverwatersourceforelephantsD.protecttheelephants,livingenvironment

27.Whatdoestheword"illegal"inParagraph4meaninChinese?

A.公平的B.虧損的C.非法的D.合理的

28.Eighty-threeelephantswerelost.

A.in2012B.in2015C.in2016D.in2020

29.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat

A.thenumberoforganizationshasdroppedB.thereismuchlesselephantpoachingnow

C.thelocalpeoplekeeptheelephantsathomeD.thewholeworldlivepeacefullywithelephants

30.Thispassageismainlyabout.

A.therulesofusinglandandwaterB.theeducationofthelocalpeople

C.theworkofMaliElephantProjectD.thesituationofGourmaDesertelephants

B【2020?黔南州】

Ourparentsareimportantpeopleinourlife.Theyareourfirstteachersinourlife.Theyloveusandhelpusall

thetime.Butdoyouwanttogetonwellwiththem?Herearesomewaystohelpyoutobehappywithyourparents.

Havefuntogether

Howmuchtimedoyouspendjustenjoyingbeingwitheachother?Askyourparentstoplaywithyou.Go

outsidetogether,trysomesports,orgotothemovies.

BeKind

Littlethingsmaybringalottoyourparents.Makeamealforthembyyourselfandthatcanmakeyourparents

happy.

Askforhelp

Whenyouareintroubleormeetsomesadthings,youcanaskyourparentsforhelpandadvice.Theywillbe

happytolistentoyouandhelpyou.

Haveatry

Youdon'thavetobethebestbutyouneedtohaveatry.Theywillbehappytoseeyouhavethecourageto

achieveyourdream.Itletsthemknowthey'redoingagoodjobinhelpingyougrowup.

31.Whyareourparentsimportantpersonsforus?

ATheyteachusfirstinclass.B.Theyloveussometimes.

C.Theyalwaysgiveusahand.D.Theyarehappyallthetime.

32.Howmanysuggestionsdoesthewritergiveusinthetext?

A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.D.Six.

33.Howdoyouhavefunwithyourparents?

A.Readabooktogether.B.Helpwithhousework.

C.Tellthemfunnythings.D.Gooutsidetogether.

34.Whatshouldyoudoifyouhaveaproblem?

A.Listentoyourteachers.B.Askyourparentsfbrhelp.

C.Turntoyourfriendsaround.D.Trytobethebestofyourself.

35.Thebesttitleforthisadis.

A.HowtoLoveandTeachKidsB.HowtoTalkwithYourParents

C.HowtoKeepHappywithYourParentsD.HowtoTrytoBetheBestofYourself

C【2020?遵義市】

?Chemistryiseverywhereinourdailylife.Sometimesit'seasytosee.Atothertimes,itcanbeveryhardto

seetheeverydaychemistryatwork,butnearlyeverythingyoutouchhassomechemicals（化學物質(zhì)）init.

?Chemistryhelpstomakeproductsforuse.Somethingassimpleastoothpastehasatleastthreechemicals

thatkeepyourteethclean.Otherthingsinyourdailylifearecreatedbychemistry,suchashairproductsandsoap.

Withoutchemistry,wewouldneverhaveknownthatweneedsoaptogettheoiloutofclothes.

?Chemistryalsohelpsusunderstandtheworldaroundus.Thankstochemistry,weknowbleach（漂白齊!J）

can'tbemixedwithvinegar（醋）,becausethemixturecanproduceharmfulgas.

?Chemistryplaysabigroleinfoodpreparation.Cookingfoodcausesittogothroughachemicalchange.

Thatisthereasonwhycookedfoodoftentastesdifferentfromuncookedfood.Toomuchortoolittleofany

chemicalmaterialmakesadifferencetotheresultofbaking（烘焙）.Forexample,thecakecanbetoosoftortoo

hard.

?Chemistryisn'tsomethingthatjustlivesinalaboratoiy;ifssomethingthatyoumeethundredsoftimesin

life.Knowinghowchemistryworkswillgiveyouagreaterunderstandingofthelife.

31.Whatcanthechemistryinsoaphelpus?

A.Tocleantheteeth.B.Tomaketheteethstrong.

C.Tocleantheoiloffclothes.D.Tomaketheclothesnew.

32.Fromthethirdparagraph,weknowthat.

A.wecanmixbleachwithvinegarB.themixturecanproduceusefulgas

C.wecan'tmixbleachwithvinegarD.chemistrycan*thelpusmakeproducts

33.Thefourthparagraphmainlytellsusthat

A.cookedfoodismuchbetterthanuncookedfood

B.chemistryplaysabigroleinfoodpreparation

C.therearenochemicalchangeswhilewearecooking

D.thecakecan'tbetoosoftortoohardwithchemistry

34.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructure（結(jié)構(gòu)）ofthepassage?（①二Paragraph1）

②①

②，②③②

A.①,③'⑤B.①，C.④③

⑤④

④,，③④⑤

35.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?