高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義（課前基礎(chǔ)導(dǎo)練+課堂互動探究+課后知能提升）Unit 5 First aid 新人教版必修5

Unit5Firstaid晨背三部曲（話題：世界與環(huán)境）經(jīng)典詞匯1.actionn．行為2．harmonyn.和諧3．environmentn.環(huán)境4．existencen.生存5．energyn.能量；精力6．pollutev.污染7．threatenv.威脅8．totallyadv.完全地9．badlyadv.嚴(yán)重地10．effectiveadj.有效的11．severelyadv.嚴(yán)重地12．low-carbonadj.低碳的13．reusableadj.可再使用的14.renewableadj.可再生的15．resultin導(dǎo)致16.adjustto適應(yīng)17．a(chǎn)majorityof大多數(shù)18．takemeasures采取措施19．tomakemattersworse使事情更糟糕的是20．prevent...from...阻止……免于……21．formahabitof...養(yǎng)成……的習(xí)慣22．leave...behind把……拋于腦后23．beashamedof對……感到羞恥熱身體驗連詞成句1．they,notonly...butalso...,harm,themselves,causetrouble,others(用倒裝句式)Not_only_do_they_harm_themselves_but_also_they_may_cause_trouble_to_others.2．us,takemeasures,time，prevent...from...,earth,getwarmer(用it作形式主語)It's_time_for_us_to_take_measures_to_prevent_the_earth_from_getting_warmer./It's_(high)_time_that_we_took_measures_to_prevent_the_earth_from_getting_warmer.Ⅰ.詞海拾貝基礎(chǔ)記憶1．a(chǎn)idn．&vt.幫助；援助；資助2．temporaryadj.暫時的；臨時的3．bleedvi.&vt.流血4．vitaladj.至關(guān)重要的；生死攸關(guān)的5．poisonn.毒藥；毒害vt.毒害；使中毒6．squeezevt.&vi7．pourvt.&vi8．complexadj.復(fù)雜的9．ceremonyn.典禮；儀式；禮節(jié)10．injuryn．損傷；傷害→injurev．損傷；傷害11．varietyn．變化；多樣(化)；多變(性)→variousadj.各種各樣的12．unbearableadj.難以忍受的；不能容忍的→bearableadj.可忍受的；忍受得住的→bearvt.容忍；忍受13．braveryn．勇敢；勇氣→braveadj.勇敢的；有勇氣的14．mildadj.輕微的；溫和的；溫柔的→mildlyadv.輕微地；溫和地15．swellvi.&vt.(使)膨脹；隆起→swollenadj16．tightadj.牢的；緊的；緊密的→tightlyadv.緊地；牢牢地17．firmadj.(動作)穩(wěn)定有力的；堅定的→firmlyadv.堅固地；穩(wěn)定地18．treatvt.&vi.治療；對待；款待n．款待；招待→treatmentn待遇19．a(chǎn)pplyvt.涂；敷；搽；應(yīng)用；運用vi.申請；請求；使用；有效→applicationn．申請(書)→applicantn．申請人20．pressuren．壓力；擠壓；壓迫(感)→pressv．?dāng)D壓；壓迫語境記憶21．Hetreatedhimselftoalongholidaybeforehereceivedaspecialtreatmentforhisnose.(treat)22．LiuLiisanewgraduatefromShandongUniversity.Sheappliedtoabigcompanyforapostlastweek.Theinterviewersaidherapplicationwasthebestamongalltheapplicantsandthatshewashired.LiuLidecidedto篇章記憶Suchsymptomsashighfever,highbloodpressure,choke,spiritualinjury,foodpoisoningcandamageone'shealth.Firstaidisakindoftemporarytreatmentbeforetheambulancecomes.Ⅱ.短語互譯1.(對傷患者的)急救first_aid2．燒傷get_burned3．觸電；電休克electric_shock4．榨出；擠出squeeze_out5．區(qū)別對待；有影響；起(重要)作用make_a_difference6．fallill生病7．overandoveragain反復(fù)；多次8．inplace在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?；適當(dāng)9．a(chǎn)numberof若干；許多10．putone'shandson找到Ⅲ.句型一覽1.as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句Soas_you_can_imagine(正如你們可以想象的),ifyourskingetsburneditcanbeveryserious.2．if省略句和unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句Removeclothingusingscissorsif_necessary(如果需要的話)unless_it_is_stuck_to_the_burn(除非衣服粘貼在燒傷面上)．3．bedoing...when...正在做……這時突然……Johnwas_studying(正在學(xué)習(xí))inhisroomwhen(這時突然)heheardscreaming.4．There'snodoubtthat...毫無疑問……There_is_no_doubt_that(毫無疑問)John'squickthinkingandthefirstaidskillshelearnedatschoolsavedMsSlade'slife.Ⅳ.語法自測——省略完成句子1．ThereformofCollegeEntranceExaminationwillbeginwithEnglish,whoseresultisnotassatisfying_as_(it_was)_expected.(expect)高考改革將從英語開始，其結(jié)果也不像預(yù)期的那樣令人滿意。2．Aperson,when_(he_is)_challenged,_canoftendowhatisnormallybeyondhisability.(challenge)當(dāng)一個人遇到挑戰(zhàn)時，他往往能做超越他能力的事情。3．Though_(they_are)_warned_ofdanger,sightseershavebeenflockingtothesitewheretheworld'sbiggestterroristBinLadenlived.(warn)雖然被警告有危險，但觀光者一直涌向世界上最大的恐怖分子本·拉登居住的地方。4．Hismothercoulddonothingbutwait_for_the_doctortoarrive.(wait)他媽媽沒有辦法，只好等醫(yī)生到來。5．Theotherdaywhile(she_was)_walking_her/the_doginthepark,shenoticedanadvertisementforphotographylessons.(walk)前幾天，在公園遛狗時，她注意到了一則學(xué)攝影的招生廣告。1.vitaladj.至關(guān)重要的；生死攸關(guān)的beofvitalimportance很重要bevitalto/for……是至關(guān)重要的Itisvitaltodosth.做某事很重要Itisvitalthat...(should)do...做……是十分重要的(從句使用虛擬語氣，should可以省略)①Fightingworldhungercontinuestobethematterofvitalimportanceaccordingtoarecentreport.(·湖北閱讀C)根據(jù)最近的一項報告，解決全球的饑餓問題仍是一個十分重要的問題。②Considerationforotherpeopleisvitaltoallofus.對我們所有人而言，體諒別人是極其重要的?！緦c練習(xí)】完成句子①AsfarasI'mconcerned,reading_is_of_vital_importance/it_is_vital_to_readinlanguagelearning.(vital)就我個人而言，閱讀在語言學(xué)習(xí)中至關(guān)重要。②It'svitalthatasuccessfulmovieshould_pay_much_attention_toitsthemeandthefigures'characters.(pay)一部成功的電影最重要的是要注重突出主題和人物性格。【真題印證】②(·安徽高考)Interestisas________tolearningastheabilitytounderstand,evenmoreso.A．vitalB．a(chǎn)vailableC．specificD．similar解析：選A考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對于學(xué)習(xí)來說，興趣如同理解能力一樣重要，甚至更重要。根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)用vital。bevitalto...意為“對……極其重要”。2.treatvt.&vi.治療；對待；款待n．款待；招待(1)treatsb.like/as...把某人當(dāng)……看待treatsth.seriously認(rèn)真對待某事treatsb.withrespect/kindness尊敬某人/善待某人treatsb.to...招待……；給……買……(2)It'smytreat./Mytreat.我請客。(3)treatmentn.治療；處理；對待①Butwhateverthesituation,thebestadviceistoobeytheGoldenRule:treatothersasyouwouldliketobetreated.(·新課標(biāo)卷完形)但無論什么情況下，最好的建議是遵循這條黃金規(guī)則：己所不欲，勿施于人。②Treattheearthseriously,foritisnotgiventoyoubyyourparentsbutlenttoyoubyyourchildren.善待地球，它不是你父母饋贈給你的，而是你的子孫借給你的。③Iamnowinmytwenties,butmyparentsstilltreatmelikeachild.我現(xiàn)在20多歲了，但父母仍然把我當(dāng)成小孩子一樣對待。④Let'sgooutforlunchafterwork—it'smytreat.下班后咱們到外面去吃午餐吧——我請客?！緦c練習(xí)】根據(jù)英漢提示完成小片段他把我們當(dāng)作尊貴的客人，用豐盛的晚餐招待我們；我們十分感激他的熱情款待。Hetreated_us_as/likehonoredguests,andtreated_us_toabigdinner.Weallmuchappreciatedhistreat.3.applyvt.涂；敷；搽；應(yīng)用；運用vi.申請；請求；使用；有效applysth.to把……涂到……；把……運用到……applyoneselfto致力于；集中精力于applyto適應(yīng)于……apply(to...)for...(向……)申請……①Whatismostimportantisthatweshouldapplytheorytopractice.重要的是理論應(yīng)用于實踐。②Inordertoincreasepeople'sawarenessofprotectingpolarbears,Iapplyforthespokesmanforpolarbearssincerely.(·重慶書面表達(dá))為了增強人們保護北極熊的意識，我真誠地申請做它的代言人?！緦c練習(xí)】Ⅰ.寫出下列句中apply的含義①Youmayapplyinpersonorbyletter.申請②Atlastheappliedalittlewaxpolish(蠟油)．涂；敷③Thedoglyingontheroad,heappliedhisbrakequickly.使用④Thenewdiscoverymaybeappliedinmedicine.應(yīng)用；運用Ⅱ.完成句子①Applying_yourself_tothejobinhand,you'llsoonfinishit.(apply)如果你盡全力做你目前的工作，你將能很快地把它做完。②WhenShawlosthissight,hiswifesuggestedhe_apply_foraguidedog.(apply)當(dāng)肖失明的時候，他妻子建議他申請一只導(dǎo)盲犬。4.squeezeout榨出；擠出squeeze...outof/from...把……從……中榨出來squeezeinto擠進squeezeone'sway勉強通過；擠過①It'sdifficulttosqueezeyourwayoutinacrowdedbus.在擁擠的公交車?yán)飻D出去是不容易的。②Therewerealreadyfourpeopleinthelift,buthemanagedtosqueezeintoit.電梯里已經(jīng)有四個人了，但他還是擠進去了。【對點練習(xí)】介、副詞填空①Trytosqueezeabitmorefromthetube.②Fiveofusweresqueezedintothebackseatofthecar.③Thelemonlooksdrytome,butyoumaybeabletosqueezeoutafewdrops.5.inplace在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?；適當(dāng)①FirstlyIcollectedallthebooks,newspapersandotherthingsscatteredintheroomsandputtheminplace.(·陜西書面表達(dá))首先，我把散落在屋子里的所有書、報紙和其他東西收拾起來，并把它們放在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢谩utofplace不在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?；不合適inplaceof代替；取代inthefirstplace首先；第一點takeplace發(fā)生takeone'splace就座；代替taketheplaceof代替；取代②Ifeltcompletelyoutofplaceamongallthosesmartrichpeople.在那些精明的富人中，我覺得自己完全格格不入。③Inthefirstplace,hehasallthequalificationsforthejob.首先，他具備做這份工作的全部資格。【對點練習(xí)】對比填空①You'dbetterputthingsbackinplace.Otherwise,itwillbedifficulttofindthem.②Someofthesebooksareoutofplace,_makingthewholeroommessy.③ThemanagerwillbeawayonbusinessandI'lleq\b\lc\{\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(takehisplace,taketheplaceofhim))duringhisabsence.6.makeadifference區(qū)別對待；有影響；起(重要)作用①ThankyousomuchformakingmefeelimportantandshowingmethatIcouldmakeadifference.謝謝你讓我覺得自己很重要，讓我知道我可以產(chǎn)生影響。makeno/somedifference(tosb./sth.)(對某人/物)沒有/有些作用或影響tellthedifference(betweenAandB)辨別/區(qū)分(A和B)②Whatyouhavesaidwillmakenodifferencetothenaughtyboy.你所說的不會對這個淘氣的男孩起什么作用的。③Thetwinsaresoalike;it'sdifficulttotellthedifference.這對雙胞胎長得太像了，很難分辨出來?！緦c練習(xí)】用difference的相關(guān)短語完成下列句子①正是通過堅定的信念和汗水，我才使得我的內(nèi)心和外貌與眾不同。(·四川閱讀A)It'sthroughcommitmentandsweatthatIcanmake_a_differencewithinmyselfinsideandout.②你說什么對我都沒關(guān)系。Whatyousaymakes_no_differencetome.eq\o(\s\up7(),\s\do5(7.temporary/variety/overandoveragain/pressure))①temporaryadj.暫時的；臨時的temporarilyadv.暫時地②varietyn.變化；多樣(化)；多變(性)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(avarietyof,varietiesof))各種各樣的③overandoveragain反復(fù)；多次④pressuren.壓力；擠壓；壓迫(感)underthepressureof在……的壓力下【對點練習(xí)】選詞填空eq\x(\a\al(temporarily，avarietyof，underthepressure，overand,overagain))①Allofthemarrivedlatefora_variety_ofreasons.②I'vewarnedyouover_and_over_againnottodothat.③Herhealthbrokedownunder_the_pressureofwork.④We'regoingtoloseourfirstviolinist,temporarily.1.Removeclothingusingscissorsifnecessaryunlessitisstucktotheburn.除非衣服粘貼在燒傷面上，否則都要把衣服脫掉。如果需要的話，可以使用剪刀?！揪湫屯敢暋縰nless是連詞，意為“除非；如果不”，引導(dǎo)的是一個肯定條件狀語從句，從句有時可以與if...not...引導(dǎo)的否定狀語從句互換。Thespeedlimitforbicyclesoncampusis15mph,unlessotherwiseposted.(·天津閱讀A)校園自行車限速每小時15英里，除非另有公告。WewillhaveapicnicintheparkthisSundayunlessitrainsorit'sverycold.除非下雨或天很冷，否則我們將在本周日去公園野餐。【對點練習(xí)】Ⅰ.選詞填空(unless/if)①Unlessyouhavetriedit,youcan'timaginehowpleasantitis.②Ifyouhavenottriedit,youcan'timaginehowpleasantitis.Ⅱ.完成句子③Unless_you_have_tried_it,_youcan'timaginehowpleasantitis.(try)除非你嘗試一下，否則你無法想象那是多么令人愉快。④Misunderstandingsarisingfromlackofsocialcommuni-cation,unlesshandled_properly,_mayleadtoseriousproblems.(handle)因缺少社會溝通而產(chǎn)生的誤解，如果不妥善處理，可能會導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的問題。2.Johnwas_studyinginhisroomwhenheheardscreaming.約翰正在房間學(xué)習(xí)，這時他聽到了一聲尖叫?！揪湫屯敢暋?1)bedoing...when...表示“正在做……這時突然……”，其中when為并列連詞，表示“這時；突然”，相當(dāng)于andatthis/thattime。Wewerediscussingtheproblemwhentherewasapowerfailure.我們正在討論那個問題，這時停電了。(2)具有相同含義的句型還有：beabouttodo...when...正要做……這時(突然)……be(just)goingtodo...when...正要做……這時(突然)……beonthepointofdoing...when...正要做……這時(突然)……h(huán)adjustdone...when...剛做了……這時(突然)……Thethiefwasonthepointofputtinghishandintothelady'shandbagwhenthebussuddenlystopped.小偷正要把手伸進那位女士的手提包中，這時公共汽車突然停了。Theyhadjustfinishedtheworkwhenitrained.他們剛完成工作，就在這時下雨了。【關(guān)鍵一點】when除了用作并列連詞外，還可以作為從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)狀語從句，意為“當(dāng)……時候；如果；然后；既然；卻；可是”等?！緦c練習(xí)】Ⅰ.寫出下列句中when的含義①WewerejustabouttoleavewhenJerryarrived.這時②Whyusewoodwhenyoucanuseplastic？既然③Wehaveonlythreebookswhenweneedfive.可是④Istayedtillnoon,whenIwenthome.然后Ⅱ.完成句子⑤LastnightIwasabouttocallMr.StonewhenIfound_my_cellphone_missing.(find)昨晚我正要給斯通先生打電話，這時我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的手機不見了。⑥Shewas_practising_surfing_whenasharkstruckher,bitingoffherleftarm.(practise)她正在練習(xí)沖浪，這時突然一條鯊魚襲擊她，咬掉了她的左臂。Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Hewasbreathingonlywiththeaid(幫助)ofaventilator(呼吸器)．2．Considerationforotherpeopleisvital(至關(guān)重要的)toallofus.3．NowItrytotreat(對待)everyonewithrespect,nomatterwhoIthinktheyare.4．Thenurseisapplying(涂)somemedicinetohiswound.5．TheSaharaDesertisanaturalbarrier(屏障)betweenNorthandCentralAfrica.6．Redcancauseaperson'sbloodpressure(壓力)toriseandincreasepeople'sappetites.7．Theyarrivedtwoandahalfhoursbeforetheceremony(儀式)andwalkedtheredcarpet.8．Thesemenmadethemselvesfamousfortheircourageandbravery(勇敢)．9．Thisarrangementisonlytemporary(臨時的)anditwillonlylasttwomonths.10．Mr.Leecameupwithacomplex(復(fù)雜的)theory,whichishardtounderstand.Ⅱ.選詞填空eq\x(nodoubt，treat，whenburning，fallill，anumberof，put...inplace，applyto，vital)1．Thereisno_doubtthatitishisachievementsthathavewonhimtheNobelPrize.2．Applied_tothework,hefinisheditaheadoftime.3．It'svitalthatweshouldneverlowersafetystandards.4．Themedicalteamleftthevillagewithgreatsatisfaction,havingtreatedalotoflocalvillagers.5．Woodgivesoffmuchsmokewhen_burning.6．Falling_illhasleftJohnfarbehindothers,buthisteachersaretryingtohelphim.7．A_number_oftouristsareattractedtovisitthecarnivalhereeveryyear.8．Puttingthingsin_placewillbringmuchconveniencetoyourlife.Ⅲ.根據(jù)漢語提示，選用練習(xí)Ⅱ中的句子加入適當(dāng)過渡詞后聯(lián)句成篇1．每年許多游客都被吸引來參觀這里的狂歡節(jié)。2．木材在燃燒時會冒出很多的煙導(dǎo)致環(huán)境污染。3．我們絕不能降低安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，這是至關(guān)重要的，因為生命是世界上最寶貴的。Anumberoftouristsareattractedtovisitthecarnivalhereeveryyear.However,woodgivesoffmuchsmokewhenburning,whichresultsinairpollution.It'svitalthatweshouldneverlowersafetystandardsaslifeisthemostvaluableintheworld.Ⅰ.多項選擇1．Althoughherrelativesdidn'tthinkshecouldliveforthreemonths,theolddoctorfinally________herofherdisease.A．curedB．operatedC．treatedD．served解析：選Acuresb.ofadisease“治愈某人某病”；treatsb.foradisease“治療某人某病”。故選A。2．(·武漢市武昌區(qū)高三聯(lián)考)When________ajob,youshouldhighlightyourexperienceandskills.A．a(chǎn)ccountingforB．interviewingforC．a(chǎn)pplyingforD．searchingfor解析：選C句意：求職時，你應(yīng)該突出你的經(jīng)驗和技能。根據(jù)句意可知，applyingfor“申請”正確。accountfor“解釋；說明”；interviewfor“為……面試”；searchfor“搜索”。3．Yourcasualclotheswerenot________forsuchaformaloccasion.You'dbettergetchanged.A．a(chǎn)ggressiveB．a(chǎn)ppropriateC．temporaryD．permanent解析：選B考查形容詞詞義。aggressive“侵略的，侵犯的”；appropriate“適當(dāng)?shù)?；合適的”；temporary“暫時的；臨時的”；permanent“永久的；不變的”。由句意可知B項正確。4．Youhavetobeveryexactinthisjob,becauseasmallmistakecanmakeabig________.A．similarityB．explanationC．instructionD．difference解析：選Dmakeabigdifference“產(chǎn)生很大影響”，符合句意。similarity“類似；相似”；explanation“解釋；說明”；instruction“命令；指示”。5．Anexperienceddoctorusuallyjudgesapatient'sillnessaccordingtothevarious________.A．signsB．symptomsC．signalsD．marks解析：選B考查名詞詞義辨析。sign“信號，暗號”；symptom“癥狀”；signal“預(yù)兆，信號”；mark“印，記號，符號”。由句意可知選B項。6．Interestisas________tolearningastheabilitytounderstand,evenmoreso.A．vitalB．a(chǎn)vailableC．specificD．similar解析：選A考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對于學(xué)習(xí)來說，興趣如同理解能力一樣重要， 甚至更重要。bevitalto...“對……極其重要”。根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)用vital。7．Millionsofpeoplearestillhomeless.Besides,thereisn'tthemostbasic________fromtheRedCross.A．medicineB．equipmentC．a(chǎn)idD．material解析：選C句意：數(shù)百萬人仍然無家可歸，此外，連來自紅十字會的最基本的救助都沒有。aid“幫助；援助”，符合句意。medicine“醫(yī)藥；醫(yī)學(xué)”；equipment“設(shè)備”；material“材料”。8．Theyhaveearnedlotsofmoney,soI________believethatthebusinessisasuccess.A．mildlyB．firmlyC．a(chǎn)ctivelyD．tightly解析：選B從“Theyhaveearnedlotsofmoney”可知，“我”堅信(firmlybelieve)生意是成功的。mildly“溫和地；輕微地”；actively“積極地；活躍地”；tightly“緊緊地”。9．Hethought________，yethestillcouldn'trememberwherehehadputhiskeys.A．overandoveragainB．a(chǎn)llinallC．fromtimetotimeD．nowandthen解析：選Aoverandoveragain“反復(fù)；多次”；allinall“總而言之”；fromtimetotime“不斷地”；nowandthen“時而；不時地”。10．(·天門模擬)Withallthearrangements________formyparents'visit,Irangtoconfirmtheirtimeofarrival.A．insightB．inreturnC．invainD．inplace解析：選D句意：我父母來訪的所有準(zhǔn)備都已就緒，我便打電話給他們確認(rèn)他們到達(dá)的時間。insight“在視野范圍內(nèi)；看得見”；inreturn“作為回報”；invain“徒勞”；inplace“準(zhǔn)備就緒”。由此可知，D符合語境。Ⅱ.完成句子1．(·荊州調(diào)研)LittleTomgotburnedwhilehewassettingofffireworks,being_treatedinhospitalnow.(treat)小湯姆在放煙火時被燒傷了，現(xiàn)在正在醫(yī)院救治。2．Idonated$10,000tothegirl,which_aided_her_incontinuingherstudy.(aid)我捐給了那個女孩10000美元，幫助她繼續(xù)她的學(xué)業(yè)。3．ThenumberofpeopleinfectedwithAIDScouldreach10millionbyunless__effective_measures_are_taken_topreventthespreadofthedisease.(measure)除非采取有效措施來阻止疾病的傳播，不然，到年感染艾滋病的人數(shù)會達(dá)到一千萬。4．(·湖北省八校聯(lián)考)Thetwomenhadhardlyhadtimetorealizewhatwashappeningwhen_they_were_thrownviolentlyintothesea.(throw)那兩人還沒來得及意識到發(fā)生什么時，就被猛烈地拋進了大海。5．(·武漢高三訓(xùn)練)Peoplehave_been_receivingfinancialaidsincetheylosttheirhomes,jobsandbusinessestothestormlastmonth.(receive)自從在上個月的暴風(fēng)雨中失去了家園、工作和公司，(災(zāi)區(qū)的)人們一直在接受資金援助。6._Applying_himself_to_doinghisresearch,hetooknonoticeofwhatwasgoingonoutside.(apply)專心做他的研究，他不知道外界發(fā)生的事。7．Falling_ill_with_a_high_fever,_shehadtotakeafewdaysoff.(fall)她發(fā)高燒病倒了，所以不得不請幾天假。8．Generallyspeaking,whentaken_according_to_directions,_thedrughasnoside-effect.(take)一般說來，按照說明服藥，這種藥是沒有副作用的。9．Becarefulwhenyoudealwiththischemical,asitwillexplodewhen_(it_is)_exposed_tosunlight.(expose)當(dāng)你處理這種化學(xué)藥品時要小心，因為當(dāng)它暴露在陽光下時會爆炸。10．Ihavetoapologizetoyoufor_pouring_coffee_into_your_cupbymistake.(pour)我得向你道歉，我錯把咖啡倒在你的杯子里了。Ⅲ.閱讀理解AOnthewayhomefromhisjobatabakeryinWainscott,NewYork,oneAugustevening,CraigSchum,33,stoppedhiscarattheEastHamptonAirport.Agroupwasprotestingagainstairplanenoise,andSchum,whohadkickedoffhisshoes,gotoutofthecar.Withinseconds,though,Schumsawsomethingastonishing.Asmallplanedivedandcrashedintothewoodsabout100yardsfromtherunway.“Idon'tremembermakingthedecisionthatIshouldgotohelpout，”herecalls.“Ijuststartedrunning.”Schumranacrossthestreetbarefoot,climbedoverasix-foot-highchain-linkfence,anddashedabout100yardstowardthewoods.Whenhegotthere,hediscovered51-year-oldpilotStephenBochter,hisheadbleeding,besidetheburningplane.Bochter'spassenger,hiswife,KimBrillo,wasontheground,unconscious.“Shehadbloodalloverher，”saysSchum.“Ithoughtshewasdead.”JackGleeson,17,ahighschoolstudentworkingasummerjobattheairport,caughtupwithSchumand,withBochter'shelp,liftedthechain-linkfenceandbroughtBrillounderneathitout.Momentslater,theentireplaneexploded.Aftertherescueteamarrived,BochterandBrillowereairliftedtoanearbyhospitalandtreatedforcuts,injuriesandBrillo'sbrokenarm.Bochter,anexperiencedpilot,latersaidthattheplane'selectricalsystemhadfailedshortlyaftertake-off.HehadbeenattemptingtolandattheEastHamptonAirportwhentheplanebegantodropsuddenly.Hemanagedtolevelthewingsbeforecrashingintothewoods.“Everythingwasonfire,andSchumcameoutofnowheretosaveus，”saysBochter.“We'reblessedtohavelivedthroughit.”eq\x(語篇解讀：本文敘述了CraigSchum在下班回家途中勇敢地從失事飛機上救人的事跡。)1.WhydidCraigSchumstophiscarattheEastHamptonAirport?A．Hewantedtohavearest.B．Hesawaprotestinggroup.C．Henoticedaplanecrash.D．Heneededtokickoffhisshoes.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段的第二句“Agroupwasprotestingagainstairplanenoise,andSchum,whohadkickedoffhisshoes,gotoutofthecar.”可知答案為B。2．Whenhesawtheplanecrashintothewoods,Schum________.A．wasfrightenedtodeathB．rushedawayfromthespotC．cametorescueimmediatelyD．a(chǎn)skedforhelpwithoutdelay解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的最后兩句可知C項正確。3.What'stheproperorderofthefollowingevents?a．Asmallplanecrashedintothewoods.b．Brillowastakenawayfromthespot.c．Thecouplewassenttoanearbyhospital.d．Bochtertookseveralself-helpactions.e．Schumrantorescuethesurvivors.A．a(chǎn)→e→b→c→dB．d→a→e→b→cC．a(chǎn)→e→d→c→bD．d→e→a→b→c解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。解決本題的關(guān)鍵是區(qū)分a、d兩項的順序，d項雖是出現(xiàn)在文章最后，但表達(dá)的內(nèi)容卻是飛行員所回憶的墜機之前采取的一些自救措施，故應(yīng)排在首位，其他選項干擾性不大，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可簡單推出答案為B。4.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthetext?A．ALuckyEscapeB．ACuriousBakerC．ARewardforKindnessD．ABadLandingafterTake-off解析：選A標(biāo)題歸納題。從飛機出現(xiàn)故障并墜落到Schum幫助飛行員和他的妻子脫險可以看出，A項“一次幸運的逃離”為最佳標(biāo)題。B(·皖南八校聯(lián)考)Arehealthypeoplehappierthanseriouslyillones?Notnecessarily.InastudydescribedintheJournalofExperimentalPsychology,agroupofpeoplewithend-stagekidney(腎)failurewereprovidedwithelectronicdevicesthatrequiredthemtorecordtheirmoodsatvarioustimesthroughouttheday.Forcomparison,agroupofhealthyvolunteersusedthesamedevices.Whenresearchershadstudiedtheresults,theyfoundthatthelevelsofhappinesswereaboutthesameforthetwogroups.Theresearchers,ledbyDr.JasonRiisofPrincetonwhenhewasagraduatestudentattheUniversityofMichigan,alsofoundthatthehealthypeoplegreatlyoverestimated(估計過高)howunhappythesickoneswouldbe.Andthesickpeopleoverestimatedhowhappythehealthyoneswouldbe.Forthestudy,49kidneydiseasepatientswhowereundergoingdialysis(透析)sectionsthreetimesaweekweregivenpersonaldigitalassistants,as49healthyvolunteerswerematchedtothepatientsbyage,race,educationandsex.Whenthedevicesbeeped,thesubjectswereaskedtoratetheirmoodona5-pointscale,with2definedas“verypleasant”andminus2definedas“veryunpleasant”.Onaverage,thekidneypatientsratedtheirmoodas0.70,whilethehealthysubjectsrateditas0.83.Theparticipantswerealsoaskedtodescribeotheremotionstheymightbefeeling,includingjoyandanxiety,andtodescribetheirlevelsofphysicalcomfort.Andsometimestheywereasked,“Howdoyoufeelaboutyourlifeasawhole？”Abetterunderstandingofhowwellpeopleareabletoadapttopoorhealth,theresearcherssaid,couldhelpdoctorsandpatientsmakewiserchoicesabouttheirmedicalcare.Earlierstudieshavealsofoundthatseriouslyillpatientsdescribedthemselvesasbeinghappy.Butthesepatientswerenotgivenachancetoanswerquestionsabouttheirmoodprivatelyandrepeatedlyoveraperiodoftime,Dr.Riissaid,andsoitwasunclearhowaccuratetheirresponseswere.5．Whatcanbelearntfromthestudy?A．Theelectronicdevicesusedaredigitalassistantsfordialysis.B．Thelevelsofhappinessarelittleaffectedbyhealthcondition.C．Allthesubjectsareofthesameage,race,sexandeducation.D．Bothpatientsandhealthypeopleoverestimatetheirownhappiness.解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知，腎病患者和健康人的幸福指數(shù)幾乎一樣，由此推斷出健康狀況幾乎對幸福指數(shù)沒有影響。6．Intheresearch,thesubjects'ratingsoftheirmoodlevelswere_________onaverage.A．vagueB．negativeC．positiveD．neutral解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第三句可知病人與健康人的幸福指數(shù)都是正數(shù)，是中等偏上的，所以選positive。7．OneofDr.Riis'concernsabouttheresultsoftheearlierstudieswaswhether________.A．itreflectedwhatthepatientsreallythoughtB．itrevealedthepatients'privacyC．thequestionsforthepatientswererepeatedD．theassignmentforallsubjectswasaccurate解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中最后一句可知，Dr.Riis說病人沒機會回答關(guān)于他們情緒的問題，因此不清楚調(diào)查結(jié)果是否反映了病人的真實想法。8．Theresearchwasdoneinorderto________.A．helppatientsadapttopoorhealthB．learnpatients'averagelevelofhappinessC．findthedistinctionbetweenthehealthyandunhealthypeopleD．definetheextenttowhichhealthconditionaffectshappiness解析：選D推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，調(diào)查研究表明病人和健康的幸福指數(shù)的幾乎一樣，因此這項研究旨在確定健康狀況對幸福的影響。寫作技能提升(二)(半)開放作文(如何寫好開頭——首段要有力)[題目要求]請根據(jù)以下提示，結(jié)合生活中的一個事例，用英語寫一篇短文。Theantphilosophyis:nevergiveup,lookahead,staypositiveanddoallyoucan.注意：①無須寫標(biāo)題，不得照抄英語提示語；②除詩歌外，文體不限；③文中不得透露個人姓名和學(xué)校名稱；④詞數(shù)不少于120。好的開頭對一篇文章來說是至關(guān)重要的。要注意以下幾點：1．開門見山根據(jù)英語提示語，第一段要明確地表明自己的觀點，或營造一種背景。2．言簡意賅語言要簡短有力，這樣可以給閱卷人一個強烈印象和沖擊力。第一段切忌拖沓。倘若用了大量的篇幅來表達(dá)觀點或闡述道理，那就沒有足夠的空間來把第二段的事例寫充分。3．句式豐富第一段雖然短，也能顯示作者的英語表達(dá)實力，因此，哪怕只有一句話，也要盡量使用復(fù)合句或固定表達(dá)法。4．詞匯高級恰當(dāng)使用高級詞匯會讓你的文章與眾不同，印象深刻。[現(xiàn)場演練]———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————