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COMPANIES

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PRODUCTSTemuCHAPTER

01PinduoduoHoldingsAnnualrevenueofPinduoduoInc.from2017to2023,bysegment(inmillionyuan)Pinduoduo'sannualrevenue2017-2023,bysegmentOnlinemarketingservicesandothersTransactionservicesMerchandisesales300,000250,000200,000150,000100,00050,000020172018201920202021202220233Description:In2023,theChinesee-commerceplatformPinduoduo(PDD)generatedarevenueofabout153.54billionyuanfromonlinemarketingservicesandothersandabout94.1billionyuanfromtransactionservices.Onlinemarketingservicesandotherswerethemainsourceofthecompany'srevenue,whiletransactionserviceswereplayinganincreasinglyimportantrole.ReadmoreNote(s):2017to2023Source(s):PinduoduoAdvertisingexpenditureofPinduoduoInc.from2016to2023(inmillionyuan)Pinduoduo'sadvertisingexpenditure2016-202390807060504030201076.4349.9741.4639.325.87201912.8720181.260.1102016201720202021202220234Description:In2023,Pinduoduo'sadvertisingexpendituretotaledapproximately76millionyuan,increasingfrom50millionyuaninthepreviousyear.Overall,theadvertisingexpenditureshowedstableandcontinuousgrowth.ReadmoreNote(s):China;2016to2023;fiscalyearendingDecember31Source(s):PinduoduoTotalassetsofPinduoduoInc.from2016to2023(inbillionyuan)Pinduoduo'stotalassets2016-2023400350300348.08237.1225020015010050181.21158.9176.06201943.18201813.3120171.770201620202021202220235Description:In2023,theChinesee-commerceplatformPinduoduo(PDD)heldtotalassetsofaround348billionyuan,upfromroughly237billionyuaninthepreviousyear.Foundedin2015,Pinduoduohasbecomethesecond-largestonlineshoppingplatforminChinabasedonthenumberofusers.ReadmoreNote(s):2016to2023Source(s):PinduoduoAnnualgrossprofitofPinduoduoInc.from2016to2023(inmillionyuan)Pinduoduo'sannualgrossprofit2016-2023180,000155,915.63160,000140,000120,000100,00080,00060,00040,00020,000099,095.2962,231.8540,213.2223,803.11201910,214.7420181,021.252017-73.012016-20,00020202021202220236Description:Pinduoduo,aChinesesociale-commerceappfeaturinggroupbuyingdeals,achievedarapidgrowthfrom2016to2023.Inspiteofagrosslossof73millionyuaninthesecondyearafterestablishment,thecompanymanagedtomakeasignificantprofitafterwardswithatentimessurgebetween2017and2018.TheonlinegroupdiscounterwentpublicontheNasdaqinJuly2018andwasrankedasthethirdintheleadinge-commerceretailersinChina.In2023,Pinduoduogeneratedagross[...]

ReadmoreNote(s):China;2016to2023;fiscalyearendingDecember31Source(s):PinduoduoBrandvalueofPinduoduoInc.evaluatedbyBrandFinancefrom2020to2022(inbillionU.S.dollars)Pinduoduo'sbrandvalueevaluatedbyBrandFinance2020-2022121089.948.386.2864202020202120227/statistics/1380836/pinduoduo-brand-value-according-to-brand-financeIn2022,Pinduoduo'sbrandvaluewasalmost8.4billionU.S.dollars,decreasingby16percentfromthepreviousyear.AsoneofthepopularsocialcommerceplatformsinChina,Pinduoduo'sannualrevenuesurpassedthe100billionyuanmrakin2022.ReadmoreNote(s):China;2020to2022Source(s):BrandFinanceCHAPTER

02TemuMonthlygrossmerchandisevolume(GMV)ofTemufromSeptember2022toApril2023(inmillionU.S.dollars)MonthlygrossmerchandisevolumeofTemu2022-20237006005004003006354003001922001411181000283Sep2022Oct2022Nov2022Dec2022Jan2023Mar2023Apr2023May20239Description:AfteritslaunchinSeptember2022,Pundoiduo'sinternationalonlinemarketplaceTemuenjoyedenormoussuccess.InMay2023,Temugeneratedapproximately635millionU.S.dollarsingrossmerchandisevolume,adrasticincreaseoveritsSeptember2022GMVofonlythreemilliondollars.ByJuly2023,Temuwillbeserving15countriesandregions,mostlyinNorthAmericaandEurope.ReadmoreNote(s):China;September2022toMay2023Source(s):Varioussources(YiptiData);Website()NumberofmonthlyvisitstofromFebruary2024toApril2024(inmillions)Monthlynumberofvisitsto2024600500400503.3479358.23002001000Feb'24Mar'24Apr'2410Description:InApril2024,theTemuwebsite,,totaledat503.3millionvisits.ThenumberofmonthlyvisitshasincreasedsignificantlysinceFebruaryof2024,wheremonthlyvisitsstillreached358million.ReadmoreNote(s):FebruarytoApril2024;desktopandmobilewebSource(s):SimilarWebNumberofglobaldownloadsofshoppingappTemufromSeptember2022toApril2024(inmillions)MonthlyglobaldownloadsofTemushoppingapp2022-2024605040302047.7446.4241.3440.87

40.9738.5237.6736.5135.1230.3129.8629.6215.3713.0410.339.161006.315.841.310.44Sep'22

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Apr'2411Description:ThepopularityofecommerceplatformTemuhasbeensurgingsinceitsdebutinthefallof2022.InApril2024,theappwasdownloadedover46milliontimesallovertheworld,makingitmorepopularthanAmazon’smarketplaceapp.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide,China;September2022toApril2024;AppStoreandGooglePlay;AppleAppStoreincludesiPhoneandiPaddevicesSource(s):AppMagicDownloadshareofshoppingappTemuasofMay8,2024,bycountryCountrieswithhighestdownloadshareofTemushoppingapp2024Shareoftotalappdownloads0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%40%UnitedStatesMexico20%8%PhilippineColombiaUnitedKingdomSouthKoreaJapan7%6%5%5%4%Poland3%3%3%SpainGermanyOthers36%12Description:Temu,asubsidiaryoftheChineseshoppingappPinduoduo,israpidlygainingtractionintheAmericanandEuropeanmarkets.BetweenApril8andMay8,2024,UnitedStatesandMexicowerethelargestmarketsfortheapp,contributing28percentofthetotalappdownloads.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide,China;April8toMay8,2024;AppStoreandGooglePlay;AppleAppStoreincludesiPhoneandiPaddevicesSource(s):AppMagicMonthlydownloadsoftheTemuappintheUnitedStatesfromSeptember2022toMarch2024MonthlyTemuappdownloadsintheU.S.2022-202414,000,00012,000,00010,000,0008,000,0006,000,0004,000,0002,000,0000Sep'22

Oct'22

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Feb'23

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Apr'23May'23

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Mar'2413Description:Afterreleasingin2022,theTemuapphasreceivedmillionsofdownloads.IntheUnitedStates,Temuhasbecomethemostpopularshoppingapp,peakingindownloadsinMay2023at11.7million.InMarch2024,theappwasdownloaded7.8milliontimesinthecountry.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;September2022toMarch2024;freeappdownloadsfromtheAppleAppStoreandGooglePlayStoreSource(s):AppMagicCHAPTER

03CompetitorbenchmarksLeadingonlinemarketplacesworldwidein2023,bygrossmerchandisevalue(inbillionU.S.dollars)Tope-commercemarketplacesworldwide2023,bygrossmerchandisevalueGMVinbillionU.S.dollars300

4000100200500600700800AmazonPinduoduoTaobao728.76589.82550.41534.86509.76TmallJD.comKwaiShopWalmartShopee147.88136.4178.571.2649.6737.9eBayCoupangMercadoLibreFlipkart33.7330.52Rakuten15Description:In2023,Amazonstoodoutastheleadingonlinemarketplacebygrossmerchandisevalue.Chinesesitesdominatedthesubsequentfivepositions.Pinduoduomadealmost590billionU.S.dollarsinGMVinthatyear,followedbyTaobao,whichmadeabout550.4billionU.S.dollars.Tmallsecuredthefourthspot,withaGMVhoveringaround535billionU.S.dollars.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;2023Source(s):ecommerceDB.comOnlineretailersfromwhichglobalshoppersmadetheirmostrecentcross-borderpurchasein2023Merchantswhereglobalshoppersmadetheirlatestcross-borderpurchase2023Amazon24%Other31%Zalando2%Wish3%Alibaba/AliExpress16%eBay7%Temu7%Shein9%16Description:AccordingtoasurveyconductedinSeptember2023,atotal24percentofonlineshopperssurveyedin41countriesmadetheirmostrecentcross-borderpurchaseviaAmazon.Alibaba/AliExpresscameinsecond,as16percentofe-commerceusersplacedtheirlatestorderfromabroadthere.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;September2023;32,510respondentsin41countries*;*Australia,Austria,Belgium,Brazil,Canada,Chile,China,Croatia,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,[...]

ReadmoreSource(s):Dynata;IPCLeadingshoppingappsworldwidein2023,bynumberofdownloads(inmillions)Mostdownloadedshoppingappsworldwide2023Numberofdownloadsinmillions0Temu:ShopLikeaBillionaireSHEIN-ShoppingOnline50100150200250300350400337.72261.94AmazonShopping188.12Shopee9.9SuperShoppingDayMeesho:OnlineShoppingAppFlipkartOnlineShoppingAppAliExpress160.67147.45142.68101.0895.8591.9MercadoLibre:ComprasonlineA-B2BmarketplaceLazada-OnlineShoppingApp!65.4117Description:ChineseonlineretailerTemuwasthemostdownloadedshoppingappworldwidein2023.Theapplicationcountedalmost338milliondownloadsfromtheAppleAppandGooglePlaystore.Temu'smainrival,Shein,wasthesecond-mostdownloadedshoppingappthatyear,withroughly262milliondownloads.ReadmoreNote(s):2023;freeappsfromtheAppleAppStoreandGooglePlayStoreSource(s):AppMagicMostdownloadedmobileappsfromtheAppleAppStoreworldwideinMarch2024(inmillions)GloballeadingdownloadsiOSmobileapps2024Numberofdownloadsinmillions10024681214161618TikTokCapCut10GoogleMapsInstagramThreads9988888TemuYouTubeWhatsAppGoogleGmail718Description:InMarch2024,thepodiumofthemostdownloadedappsforiOSuserswenttotwoByteDanceapps.TikTokwasthemostdownloadedmobileappworldwideforiOSusers,with16milliondownloads.ByteDance-ownedvideoeditingappCapCutrankedsecond,with10milliondownloads.GoogleMapsandInstagramrankedthird,withapproximatelyninemilliondownloadsinthelastexaminedperiod.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;March2024;iOSAppleAppStoreSource(s):AppfiguresLeadingshoppingappsintheUnitedStatesin2023,bynumberofdownloads(inmillions)MostdownloadedshoppingappsintheU.S.2023NumberofdownloadsinmillionsAppleAppStore40GooglePlayStore6002080100120140Temu:ShopLikeaBillionaireSHEIN-ShoppingOnlineAmazonShoppingWalmart:Shopping&SavingsNike:Shoes,Apparel,StoriesEtsy:Home,Style&GiftsTargeteBaySelling&ShoppingOnlineOfferUp-Buy.Sell.Letgo.A-B2BmarketplaceFetch:HaveFun,SaveMoneyPoshmark:Buy&SellFashion19Description:In2023,theTemushoppingappwasthemostdownloadede-commerceappintheUnitedStatesonbothiOSandAndroiddevices,accumulatingagrandtotalofover122milliondownloadsthatyear.FastfashionretailerSHEIN'sappwasthesecondmostpopularonmobiledevices,withnearly21milliondownloadsontheAppleAppStoreandover15millionontheGooglePlayStore.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2023Source(s):AppMagicLeadingmarketplaceappsintheUnitedStatesin2023,bynumberofdownloads(inmillions)MostdownloadedmarketplaceappsintheU.S.2023Numberofdownloadsinmillions40

600Temu:ShopLikeaBillionaireAmazonShopping2080100120140122.3921.42eBayMarketplace:BuyandSellOfferUp-Buy.Sell.Letgo.A-B2BmarketplaceAliExpress10.989.799.498.59CVSPharmacy6.645.25DHgate-OnlineWholesaleStoresMercari:Buying&SellingAppStockXShopSneakers&Apparel4.694.1420Description:In2023,themobileshoppingappTemuwasthemostpopularmarketplaceappintheUnitedStates,accumulatingover122milliondownloadsthroughouttheyear.TheAmazonapprankedsecondwithabout21milliondownloads,followedbyeBay'smobileappwithalmost11milliondownloads.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2023;includesdownloadsfromtheAppleAppStoreandGooglePlayStoreSource(s):AppMagicMostpopularshoppingappsamongGenZusersintheUnitedStatesasofJuly2023LeadingshoppingappsforGenZintheU.S.2023100%88%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%71%35%32%19%16%15%14%EtsyAppStoreAmazonTemuSHEINWalmartTargeteBay21Description:AccordingtoastudyofiOSusersintheUnitedStates,88percentofGenZusersusedtheAppleAppStore.Amazonfollowedasthesecond-mostusedshoppingapp,withausagerateof71percentamongGenZmobilecommerceshoppers.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;July2023;dataconcerningiOSdeviceusers,basedonbehavioraldataandnot-selfreportedsurveydataSource(s):MeasureProtocolMostpopularshoppingappsamongmillennialsintheUnitedStatesasofJuly2023LeadingshoppingappsformillennialsintheU.S.2023Shareofrespondents40%

50%0%10%20%30%28%60%70%80%90%90%100%AppStoreAmazonWalmartSHEINTargetTemu82%16%20%30%Etsy18%eBay21%22Description:AccordingtoastudyofiOSusersintheUnitedStates,90percentofmillennialsusedtheAppleAppStore.Amazonfollowedasthesecond-mostusedshoppingapp,withausagerateof82percentamongmobilecommerceshoppersofthemillennialgeneration.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;July2023;dataconcerningiOSdeviceusers,basedonbehavioraldataandnot-selfreportedsurveydataSource(s):MeasureProtocolAverageordervalue(AOV)onCyberMondayonpopulare-commerceplatformsintheUnitedStatesin2022and2023AverageordervalueonCyberMondayonselecte-commerceplatformsintheU.S.202320224720236050403020100534949494437363021TemuSheinTargetWalmartAmazon23Description:In2023,onCyberMondayintheUnitedStates,shoppershadthehighestordervalueswhenmakingpurchasesfromSheinandWalmartat49U.S.dollars.Targetcamenext,withanAOVof44dollars,followedbyAmazonwith36dollarsandTemuwith30dollars.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2023Source(s):Substack;TechBuzzChina;Varioussources(AttainPartners)LeadingshoppingappsintheUnitedKingdom(UK)in2023,bynumberofdownloads(inmillions)MostdownloadedshoppingappsintheUK2023Numberofdownloadsinmillions1005152025Temu:ShopLikeaBillionaireVinted:SellvintageclothesSHEIN-ShoppingOnlineAmazonShopping20.768.877.364.97TooGoodToGo:EndFoodWasteNectar:Shop&CollectPointsCIDER-Clothing&FashionLidlPlus3.53.392.982.78Etsy:Home,Style&GiftseBaySelling&ShoppingOnlineGreggs2.732.592.512.5BootsMorrisonsMoreCo-op:MembershipRewardsM&S-Fashion,Food&Homeware2.282.181.8824Description:In2023,theChineseshoppingappTemuwasthemostpopularmobileshoppingappintheUnitedKingdom,amassingover20milliondownloadsthatyear.TheVinted-Second-handclothingappwasthesecondmostpopularwith8.87millionappdownloads,whilethefastfashionretailerSHEIN'sapplicationreachedabout7.36milliondownloadsthatyear.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;2023;includesAppleAppStoreandGooglePlayStoreSource(s):AppMagicLeadingmarketplaceappsintheUnitedKingdom(UK)in2023,bynumberofdownloads(inmillions)MostdownloadedmarketplaceappsintheUK2023Numberofdownloadsinmillions100Temu:ShopLikeaBillionaireAmazonShopping515202520.864.14eBay:TheshoppingmarketplaceA-B2BmarketplaceAliExpress2.231.491.421.34DHgate-onlinewholesalestoresLightInTheBoxOnlineShoppingPandaBuy0.590.550.550.47Matalan-OnlineShoppingHaffPrice25Description:In2023,themobileappTemuwasthemostpopularmarketplaceappintheUnitedKingdom(UK),accumulatingatotalof20.86milliondownloadsthroughouttheyear,farmorethanotherrankingmarketplaceapps.Amazonwassecondwith4.1milliondownloads,followedbyeBaywitharound2.2milliondownloads.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedKingdom;2023;includesdownloadsfromtheAppleAppStoreandGooglePlayStoreSource(s):AppMagicCHAPTER

04ShoppersDistributionofvisitorsofasofApril2024,byageBreakdownofTemuusers2024,byage18-24years11.84%65yearsandabove11.21%55-64years15.76%25-34years20.0%45-54years19.9%35-44years20.69%27Description:AsofApril2024,around20.69percentof'svisitorswerebetween35and44yearsold,and20.6percentbetween25and34yearsold.TemuisaninternationalonlineshoppingmarketplaceoperatedbyChinesee-commercegiantPinduoduo.InApril2024,Temuhadaround503.3millionvisits.ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;April2024Source(s):SimilarWebDistributionofvisitorsofasofApril2024,bygenderBreakdownofTemuusers2024,bygenderFemale42.58%Male57.42%28Description:AsofApril2024,around57.42percentof'svisitorsweremen.TemuisaninternationalonlineshoppingmarketplaceoperatedbyChinesee-commercegiantPinduoduo.InApril2024,Temuhad503.3millionvisitsintotal.

ReadmoreNote(s):Worldwide;April2024Source(s):SimilarWebShareofonlineclothingshopperswhohaveusedSheinorTemuintheUnitedStatesasofSeptember2023OnlineclothingshopperswhohaveusedSheinorTemuintheU.S.2023SheinTemu64%58%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%18%16%16%11%10%9%I'veuseditIhaven'tuseditbutI'minterested

Ihaven'tuseditbutI'mnotinterestedI'veneverheardofit29Description:OfU.S.onlineshoppers,atotal16percenthaveusedShein,while10percenthaveusedTemu.Incomparison,58percenthaveneverheardofthefastfashiononlineshopSheinand64percentreportedneverhavingheardofTemu.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;March14to16,2023;*3,500;**3,684Source(s):CivicScienceEstimatedactiveusersofTemuintheUnitedStatesfromOctober2022toApril2023(inmillions)EstimatedactiveusersofTemuintheU.S.2022-202312010080104.26036.740205.80October2022January2023April202330Description:EstimationsrevealedthatintheUnitedStates,Pinduoduo'se-commercecompany,Temu,hasgainedover100millionactiveusersasofApril2023.ThisisamassiveincreasecomparedtoOctoberinthepreviousyear,whereTemuwasestimatedtohavejustundersixmillionactiveusersinthecountry.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;October2022toApril2023Source(s):Bloomberg;BusinessofAppsEstimatedretentionratesofTemushoppersintheUnitedStatesasofJuly2023EstimatedretentionrateofTemushoppersintheU.S.July202320%18.5%18%16%14%12%10%8%13.5%6%4%2%0%7-dayretentionrate30-dayretentionrate31Description:Accordingtothesource,asofJuly2023,Temuhada7dayretentionrateof18.5percentamongU.S.consumers.Additionally,13.5percentofshopperscontinuedtouseTemuwithina30dayperiod.

ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;2023Source(s):Substack;TechBuzzChinaNumberofuniquevisitorstoAmazon,Temu,Shein,andAliExpressintheUnitedStatesfromSeptember2022toMarch2023(inmillions)UniquevisitorstoAmazon,Temu,Shein,andAliExpressintheU.S.2022-2023Amazon217.1TemuShein228AliExpress25020015010050223.1217.6214.8210.9205.670.770.565.244.541.122.93378.

535.116.735.617.436.217.434.330.317.15.117.715.813.90Sep'22Oct'22Nov'22Dec'22Jan'23Feb'23Mar'2332Description:Thelong-standinge-commercegiantAmazonhasrecentlyfacedcompetitionfromemergingChineserivals.Whilethefast-fashiononlineretailerSHEINhassteadilygainedtractionamongU.S.consumersoverthepastyears,TemuhasexperiencedameteoricriseinpopularityinNorthAmerica.Injustafewmonths,TemuwentfromhavingslightlyoverfivemillionregisteredusersinSeptember2022toapproximately70.5millionbyMarch2023.ReadmoreNote(s):UnitedStates;September2022toMarch2023Source(s):comScore;eMarketer;InsiderIntelligenceHaveyouheardoftheChineseshoppingplatformTemu?ShareofpeoplewhoknowtheChineseshoppingplatformTemuinGermany2023Shareofrespondents0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%40%45%NoYesbutIhavenotboughtanythingfromtheplatformyetYesandIhavealreadyboughtsomethingthereDon'tknow/noanswer42%38%15%5%33Description:In2023,around38percentofpeopleinGermanyhadheardofthechineseonlineshoppingplatformTemu,butnotboughtanythingthere.TheplatformoffersgoodsatareducedpricewhicharethensentfromChinadirectlytothecustomers.

ReadmoreNote(s):China,Germany;August7,2023;2,126respondents;18yearsandolderSource(s):YouGovAverageshoppingticketvalueinChineseonlinemarketplacesinSpainin2023(ineuros)Averageticketvalue

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