2013英語(yǔ)考研真題以及答案解析

2013年全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)考試英語(yǔ)一真題及答案

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,C

orDonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)

Peopleare,onthewhole,pooratconsideringbackgroundinformationwhenmakingindividualdecisions.

Atfirstglancethismightseemlikeastrengththat1theabilitytomakejudgmentswhichareunbiasedby

2factors.ButDr.UriSimonsohnspeculatedthataninabilitytoconsiderthebig3wasleading

decision-makerstobebiasedbythedailysamplesofinformationtheywereworkingwith.4,hetheorised

thatajudge5ofappearingtoosoft6crimemightbemorelikelytosendsomeonetoprison7hehad

alreadysentencedfiveorsixotherdefendantsonlytoforcedcommunityserviceonthatday.

Tb8thisidea,heturnedtotheuniversity-admissionsprocess.Intheory,the9ofanapplicantshouldnot

dependonthefewothers10randomlyforinterviewduringthesameday,butDr.Simonsohnsuspected

thetruthwas11.

Hestudiedtheresultsof9,323MBAinterviews12by31admissionsofficers.Theinterviewershad13

applicantsonascaleofonetofive.Thisscale14numerousfactorsintoconsideration.Thescoreswere

15usedinconjunctionwithanapplicant'sscoreontheGraduateManagementAdmissionTest,orGMAT,

astandardizedexamwhichis16outof800points,tomakeadecisiononwhethertoaccepthimorher.

Dr.Simonsohnfoundifthescoreofthepreviouscandidateinadailyseriesofintervieweeswas0.75

pointsormorehigherthanthatoftheone17that,thenthescoreforthenextapplicantwould18byan

averageof0.075points.Thismightsoundsmall,butto19theeffectsofsuchadecreaseacandidate

couldneed30moreGMATpointsthanwouldotherwisehavebeen20.

1.[A]grants[B]submits[C]transmits[D]delivers

2.[A]minor[B]objective[C]crucial[D]external

3.[A]issue[B]vision[C]picture[D]external

4.[A]Forexample[B]Onaverage[C]lnprinciple[D]Aboveall

5.[A]fond[B]fearful[C]capable[D]thoughtless

6.[A]in[B]on[C]to[D]for

7.[A]if[B]until[C]though[D]unless

8.[A]promote[B]emphasize[C]share[D]test

9.[A]decision[B]quality[C]status[D]success

10.[A]chosen[B]studied[C]found[D]identified

11.[A]exceptional[B]defensible[C]replaceable[D]otherwise

12.[A]inspired[B]expressed[C]conducted[D]secured

13.[A]assigned[B]rated[C]matched[D]arranged

14.[A]put[B]got[C]gave[D]took

15.[A]instead[B]then[C]ever[D]rather

16.[A]selected[B]passed[C]marked[D]introduced

17.[A]before[B]after[C]above[D]below

18.[A]jump[B]float[C]drop[D]fluctuate

19.[A]achieve[B]undo[C]maintain[D]disregard

20.[A]promising[B]possible[C]necessary[D]helpful

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.Markyour

answersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)

Text1

Inthe2006filmversionofTheDevilWearsPrada,MirandaPriestly,playedbyMerylStreep,scoldsher

unattractiveassistantforimaginingthathighfashiondoesn'taffecther,Priestlyexplainshowthedeep

bluecoloroftheassistanfssweaterdescendedovertheyearsfromfashionshowstodepartmentsstores

andtothebargainbininwhichthepoorgirldoubtlessfoundhergarment.

Thistop-downconceptionofthefashionbusinesscouldn'tbemoreoutofdateoratoddswiththe

feverishwouldbedescribedinOverdressed,ElizabethCline'sthree-yearindictmentof“fastfashion".In

thelastdecadeorso,advancesintechnologyhaveallowedmass-marketlabelssuchasZara,H&M,and

Uniqlotoreacttotrendsmorequicklyandanticipatedemandmoreprecisely.Quickerturnaroundsmean

lesswastedinventory,morefrequentrelease,andmoreprofit.Theselabelsencouragestyle-conscious

consumerstoseeclothesasdisposable-meanttolastonlyawashortwo,althoughtheydon'tadvertise

that-andtorenewtheirwardrobeeveryfewweeks.Byofferingon-trenditemsatdirt-cheapprices,Cline

argues,thesebrandshavehijackedfashioncycles,shakinganindustrylongaccustomedtoaseasonal

pace.

Thevictimsofthisrevolution,ofcourse,arenotlimitedtodesigners.ForH&Mtooffera$5.95knit

miniskirtinallits2,300-piusstoresaroundtheworld,itmustrelyonlow-wageoverseaslabor,orderin

volumesthatstrainnaturalresources,andusemassiveamountsofharmfulchemicals.

Overdressedisthefashionworld'sanswertoconsumer-activistbestsellerslikeMichaelPollan'sThe

Omnivore'sDilemma.uMass-producedclothing,likefastfood,fillsahungerandneed,yetisnon-durable

andwasteful,"Clineargues.Americans,shefinds,buyroughly20billiongarmentsayear-about64

itemsperperson-andnomatterhowmuchtheygiveaway,thisexcessleadstowaste.

TowardstheendofOverdressed,Clineintroducedherideal,aBrooklynwomannamedSarahKate

Beaumont,whosince2008hasmadeallofherownclothes-andbeautifully.ButasClineisthefirstto

note,ittookBeaumontdecadestoperfecthercraft;herexamplecan'tbeknockedoff.

Thoughseveralfast-fashioncompanieshavemadeeffortstocurbtheirimpactonlaborandthe

environment-includingH&M,withitsgreenConsciousCollectionline-Clinebelieveslastingchange

canonlybeeffectedbythecustomer.Sheexhibitstheidealismcommontomanyadvocatesof

sustainability,beitinfoodorinenergy.Vanityisaconstant;peoplew川onlystartshoppingmore

sustainablywhentheycan'taffordnotto.

21.Priestlycriticizesherassistantforher

[A]poorbargainingskill.

[B]insensitivitytofashion.

[C]obsessionwithhighfashion.

[D]lackofimagination.

22.AccordingtoCline,mass-marketlabelsurgeconsumersto

[A]combatunnecessarywaste.

[B]shutoutthefeverishfashionworld.

[C]resisttheinfluenceofadvertisements.

[D]shopfortheirgarmentsmorefrequently.

23.Theword"indictment"(Line3,Para.2)isclosestinmeaningto

[A]accusation.

[B]enthusiasm.

[C]indifference.

[D]tolerance.

24.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

[A]Vanityhasmoreoftenbeenfoundinidealists.

[B]Thefast-fashionindustryignoressustainability.

[C]Peoplearemoreinterestedinunaffordablegarments.

[D]Pricingisvitaltoenvironment-friendlypurchasing.

25.Whatisthesubjectofthetext?

[A]Satireonanextravagantlifestyle.

[B]Challengetoahigh-fashionmyth.

[C]Criticismofthefast-fashionindustry.

[D]Exposureofamass-marketsecret.

Text2

Anoldsayinghasitthathalfofalladvertisingbudgetsarewasted-thetroubleis,nooneknowswhichhalf.

Intheinternetage,atleastintheory,thisfractioncanbemuchreduced.Bywatchingwhatpeoplesearch

for,clickonandsayonline,companiescanaim"behavioural"adsatthosemostlikelytobuy.

Inthepastcoupleofweeksaquarrelhasillustratedthevaluetoadvertisersofsuchfine-grained

information:Shouldadvertisersassumethatpeoplearehappytobetrackedandsentbehaviouralads?

Orshouldtheyhaveexplicitpermission?

InDecember2010America'sFederalTradeCommission(FTC)proposedaddinga"donottrack"(DNT)

optiontointernetbrowsers,sothatuserscouldtelladvertisersthattheydidnotwanttobe

followed.Microsoft'sInternetExplorerandApple'sSafaribothofferDNT;Google'sChromeisduetodo

sothisyear.InFebruarytheFTCandDigitalAdvertisingAlliance(DAA)agreedthattheindustrywould

getcrackingonrespondingtoDNTrequests.

OnMay31stMicrosoftSetofftherow:ItsaidthatInternetExplorer10,theversionduetoappear

windows8,wouldhaveDNTasadefault.

Itisnotyetclearhowadvertiserswillrespond.GettingaDNTsignaldoesnotobligeanyonetostop

tracking,althoughsomecompanieshavepromisedtodoso.Unabletotellwhethersomeonereally

objectstobehaviouraladsorwhethertheyarestickingwithMicrosoft'sdefault,somemayignoreaDNT

signalandpressonanyway.

AlsouncleariswhyMicrosofthasgoneitalone.Afterall,ithasanadbusinesstoo,whichitsayswill

complywithDNTrequests,thoughitisstillworkingouthow.IfitistryingtoupsetGoogle,whichrelies

almostwhollyondefaultwillbecomethenorm.DNTdoesnotseemanobviouslyhugesellingpointfor

windows8-thoughthefirmhascomparedsomeofitsotherproductsfavourablywithGoogle'sonthat

countbefore.BrendonLynch,Microsoft'schiefprivacyofficer,blogged:"webelieveconsumersshould

havemorecontrol."Coulditreallybethatsimple?

26.Itissuggestedinparagraph1that“behavioural”adshelpadvertisersto:

[A]easecompetitionamongthemselves

[B]lowertheiroperationalcosts

[C]avoidcomplaintsfromconsumers

[D]providebetteronlineservices

27.“Theindustry**(Line6,Para.3)refersto:

[A]onlineadvertisers

[B]e-commerceconductors

[C]digitalinformationanalysis

[D]internetbrowserdevelopers

28.BobLiodiceholdsthatsettingDNTasadefault

[A]manycutthenumberofjunkads

[B]failstoaffecttheadindustry

[C]willnotbenefitconsumers

[D]goesagainsthumannature

29.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph.6?

[A]DNTmaynotserveitsintendedpurpose

[B]AdvertisersarewillingtoimplementDNT

[C]DNTislosingitspopularityamongconsumers

[D]Advertisersareobligedtoofferbehaviouralads

30.Theauthor'sattitudetowardswhatBrendonLynchsaidinhisblogisoneof:

[A]indulgence

[B]understanding

[C]appreciation

[D]skepticism

Text3

Upuntilafewdecadesago,ourvisionsofthefuturewerelargely-thoughbynomeansuniformly-

glowinglypositive.Scienceandtechnologywouldcurealltheillsofhumanity,leadingtolivesof

fulfillmentandopportunityforall.

Nowutopiahasgrownunfashionable,aswehavegainedadeeperappreciationoftherangeofthreats

facingus,fromasteroidstriketoepidemicfluandtoclimatechange.Youmightevenbetemptedto

assumethathumanityhaslittlefuturetolookforwardto.

Butsuchgloominessismisplaced.Thefossilrecordshowsthatmanyspecieshaveenduredformillions

ofyears-sowhyshouldn'twe?lakeabroaderlookatourspecies*placeintheuniverse,anditbecomes

clearthatwehaveanexcellentchanceofsurvivingfortens,ifnothundreds,ofthousandsofyears.Look

upHomosapiensinthe"RedList"ofthreatenedspeciesoftheInternationalUnionfortheConversation

ofNature(IUCN),andyouwillread:"ListedasLeastConcernasthespeciesisverywidelydistributed,

adaptable,currentlyincreasing,andtherearenomajorthreatsresultinginanoverallpopulationdecline.1'

Sowhatdoesourdeepfuturehold?Agrowingnumberofresearchersandorganizationsarenowthinking

seriouslyaboutthatquestion.Forexample,theLongNowFoundationhasitsflagshipprojectamedical

clockthatisdesignedtostillbemarkingtimethousandsofyearshence.

Perhapswillfully,itmaybeeasiertothinkaboutsuchlengthytimescalesthanaboutthemoreimmediate

future.Thepotentialevolutionoftoday'stechnology,anditssocialconsequences,isdazzlingly

complicated,andit'sperhapsbestlefttosciencefictionwritersandfuturologiststoexplorethemany

possibilitieswecanenvisage.That'sonereasonwhywehavelaunchedArc,anewpublicationdedicated

tothenearfuture.

Buttakealongerviewandthereisasurprisingamountthatwecansaywithconsiderableassurance.As

sooften,thepastholdsthekeytothefuture:wehavenowidentifiedenoughofthelong-termpatterns

shapingthehistoryoftheplanet,andourspecies,tomakeevidence-basedforecastsaboutthesituations

inwhichourdescendantswillfindthemselves.

Thislongperspectivemakesthepessimisticviewofourprospectsseemmorelikelytobeapassingfad.

Tobesure,thefutureisnotallrosy.Butwearenowknowledgeableenoughtoreducemanyoftherisks

thatthreatenedtheexistenceofearlierhumans,andtoimprovethelotofthosetocome.

31.Ourvisionofthefutureusedtobeinspiredby

[A]ourdesireforlivesoffulfillment

[B]ourfaithinscienceandtechnology

[C]ourawarenessofpotentialrisks

[D]ourbeliefinequalopportunity

32.TheIUCN's"RedListMsuggestthathumanbeingare

[A]asustainedspecies

[B]athreatentotheenvironment

[C]theworld'sdominantpower

[D]amisplacedrace

33.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph5?

[A]Archelpslimitthescopeoffuturologicalstudies.

[B]Technologyofferssolutionstosocialproblem.

[C]Theinterestinsciencefictionisontherise.

[D]OurImmediatefutureishardtoconceive.

34.lbensurethefutureofmankind,itiscrucialto

[A]exploreourplanetsabundantresources

[B]adoptanoptimisticviewoftheworld

[C]drawonourexperiencefromthepast

[D]curbourambitiontoreshapehistory

35.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

[A]UncertaintyaboutOurFuture

[B]EvolutionoftheHumanSpecies

[C]TheEver-brightProspectsofMankind

[D]Science,TechnologyandHumanity

Text4

Onafivetothreevote,theSupremeCourtknockedoutmuchofArizona'simmigrationlawMonday-a

modestpolicyvictoryfortheObamaAdministration.ButonthemoreimportantmatteroftheConstitution,

thedecisionwasan8-0defeatfortheAdministration'sefforttoupsetthebalanceofpowerbetweenthe

federalgovernmentandthestates.

InArizonav.UnitedStates,themajorityoverturnedthreeofthefourcontestedprovisionsofArizona's

controversialplantohavestateandlocalpoliceenforcefederalimmigrationlaw.TheConstitutional

principlesthatWashingtonalonehasthepowerto"establishauniformRuleofNaturalization"andthat

federallawsprecedestatelawsarenoncontroversial.Arizonahadattemptedtofashionstatepolicies

thatranparalleltotheexistingfederalones.

JusticeAnthonyKennedy,joinedbyChiefJusticeJohnRobertsandtheCourfsliberals,ruledthatthe

stateflewtooclosetothefederalsun.Ontheoverturnedprovisionsthemajorityheldthecongresshad

deliberately"occupiedthefield"andArizonahadthusintrudedonthefederaPsprivilegedpowers.

However,theJusticessaidthatArizonapolicewouldbeallowedtoverifythelegalstatusofpeoplewho

comeincontactwithlawenforcement.ThafsbecauseCongresshasalwaysenvisionedjoint

federal-stateimmigrationenforcementandexplicitlyencouragesstateofficerstoshareinformationand

cooperatewithfederalcolleagues.

TwoofthethreeobjectingJustice-SamuelAlitoandClarenceThomas-agreedwiththisConstitutional

logicbutdisagreedaboutwhichArizonarulesconflictedwiththefederalstatute.Theonlymajorobjection

camefromJusticeAntoninScalia,whoofferedanevenmorerobustdefenseofstateprivilegesgoing

backtotheAlienandSeditionActs.

The8-0objectiontoPresidentObamaturnsonwhatJusticeSamuelAlitodescribesinhisobjectionas“a

shockingassertionoffederalexecutivepower".TheWhiteHousearguedthatArizona'slawsconflicted

withitsenforcementpriorities,evenifstatelawscompliedwithfederalstatutestotheletter.Ineffect,the

WhiteHouseclaimedthatitcouldinvalidateanyotherwiselegitimatestatelawthatitdisagreeswith.

Somepowersdobelongexclusivelytothefederalgovernment,andcontrolofcitizenshipandtheborders

isamongthem.ButifCongresswantedtopreventstatesfromusingtheirownresourcestocheck

immigrationstatus,itcould.Itneverdidso.Theadministrationwasinessenceassertingthatbecauseit

didn'twanttocarryoutCongress'simmigrationwishes,nostateshouldbeallowedtodosoeither.Every

Justicerightlyrejectedthisremarkableclaim.

36.ThreeprovisionsofArizona'splanwereoverturnedbecausethey

[A]deprivedthefederalpoliceofConstitutionalpowers.

[B]disturbedthepowerbalancebetweendifferentstates.

[C]oversteppedtheauthorityoffederalimmigrationlaw.

[D]contradictedboththefederalandstatepolicies.

37.OnwhichofthefollowingdidtheJusticesagree,accordingtoParagraph4?

[A]Federalofficers,dutytowithholdimmigrantsInformation.

[B]States*independencefromfederalimmigrationlaw.

[C]States1legitimateroleinimmigrationenforcement.

[D]Congress'sinterventioninimmigrationenforcement.

38.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5thattheAlienandSeditionActs

[A]violatedtheConstitution.

[B]underminedthestates1interests.

[C]supportedthefederalstatute.

[D]stoodinfavorofthestates.

39.TheWhiteHouseclaimsthatitspowerofenforcement

[A]outweighsthatheldbythestates.

[B]isdependentonthestates,support.

[C]isestablishedbyfederalstatutes.

[D]rarelygoesagainststatelaws.

40.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?

[A]ImmigrationissuesareusuallydecidedbyCongress.

[B]JusticesintendedtocheckthepoweroftheAdministration.

[C]JusticeswantedtostrengthenitscoordinationwithCongress.

[D]TheAdministrationisdominantoverimmigrationissues.

PartB

Directions:

Inthefollowingarticle,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choosethemost

suitableonefromthelistA-Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblank.Therearetwoextrachoices,which

donotfitinanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)

Thesocialsciencesareflourishing.Asof2005,therewerealmosthalfamillionprofessionalsocial

scientistsfromallfieldsintheworld,workingbothinsideandoutsideacademia.AccordingtotheWorld

SocialScienceReport2010,thenumberofsocial-sciencestudentsworldwidehasswollenbyabout11%

everyyearsince2000.

Yetthisenormousresourceinnotcontributingenoughtotoday'sglobalchallengesincludingclimate

change,security,sustainabledevelopmentandhealth.(41)Humanityhasthenecessary

agro-technologicaltoolstoeradicatehunger,fromgeneticallyengineeredcropstoartificialfertilizers.

Here,too,theproblemsaresocial:theorganizationanddistributionoffood,wealthandprosperity.

(42)____Thisisashame——thecommunityshouldbegraspingtheopportunitytoraiseitsinfluenceinthe

realworld.ToparaphrasethegreatsocialscientistJosephSchumpeter:thereisnoradicalinnovation

withoutcreativedestruction.

Today,thesocialsciencesarelargelyfocusedondisciplinaryproblemsandinternalscholarlydebates,

ratherthanontopicswithexternalimpact.

Analysesrevealthatthenumberofpapersincludingthekeywords"environmentalchanged"or"climate

change"haveincreasedrapidlysince2004,(43)____

Whensocialscientistsdotacklepracticalissues,theirscopeisoftenlocal:Belgiumisinterestedmainlyin

theeffectsofpovertyonBelgiumforexample.Andwhetherthecommunity'sworkcontributesmuchtoan

overallaccumulationofknowledgeisdoubtful.

Theproblemisnotnecessarilytheamountofavailablefunding(44)____thisisanadequateamountso

longasitisaimedintherightdirection.Socialscientistswhocomplainaboutalackoffundingshouldnot

expectmoreintoday'seconomicclimate.

Thetrickistodirectthesefundsbetter.TheEuropeanUnionFrameworkfundingprogramshavelonghad

acategoryspecificallytargetedatsocialscientists.Thisyear,itwasproposedthatsystembechanged:

Horizon2020,anewprogramtobeenactedin2014,wouldnothavesuchacategory,Thishasresultedin

protestsfromsocialscientists.Buttheintentionisnottoneglectsocialscience;rather,thecomplete

opposite.(45)____Thatshouldcreatemorecollaborativeendeavorsandhelptodevelopprojectsaimed

directlyatsolvingglobalproblems.

[A]Itcouldbethatweareevolvingtwocommunitiesofsocialscientists:onethatisdiscipline-oriented

andpublishinginhighlyspecializedjournals,andonethatisproblem-orientedandpublishingelsewhere,

suchaspolicybriefs.

[B]However,thenumbersarestillsmall:in2010,about1,600ofthe100,000social-sciencespapers

publishedgloballyincludedoneoftheseKeywords.

[C]theideaistoforcesocialtointegratetheirworkwithothercategories,includinghealthand

demographicchangefoodsecurity,marineresearchandthebio-economy,clear,efficientenergy;and

inclusive,innovativeandsecuresocieties.

[D]thesolutionistochangethemindsetoftheacademiccommunity,andwhatitconsiderstobeitsmain

goal.Globalchallengesandsocialinnovationoughttoreceivemuchmoreattentionfromscientists,

especiallytheyoungones.

[E]Theseissuesallhaverootcausesinhumanbehavior.Allrequirebehavioralchangeandsocial

innovations,aswellastechnologicaldevelopment.Stemmingclimatechange,forexample,isasmuch

aboutchangingconsumptionpatternsandpromotingtaxacceptanceasitisaboutdevelopingclean

energy.

[F]Despitethesefactors,manysocialscientistsseemreluctanttotacklesuchproblems.AndinEurope,

someareupinarmsoveraproposaltodropaspecificfundingcategoryforsocial-scienceresearchand

tointegrateitwithincross-cuttingtopicsofsustainabledevelopment.

[G]Duringthelate1990s,nationalspendingonsocialsciencesandthehumanitiesasapercentageofall

researchanddevelopmentfunds-includinggovernment,highereducation,non-profitandcorporate

-variedfromaround4%to25%;inmostEuropeannations,itisabout15%.

SectionIIITranslation

46.Directions:

ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.Your

translationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10points)

Itisspeculatedthatgardensarisefromabasicneedintheindividualswhomadethem:theneedfor

creativeexpression.Thereisnodoubtthatgardensevidenceanimpossibleurgetocreate,express,

fashion,andbeautifyandthatself-expressionisabasichumanurge;(46)Yetwhenonelooksatthe

photographsofthegardencreatedbythehomeless,itstrikesonethat,foralltheirdiversityofstyles,

thesegardensspeakofvariousotherfundamentalurges,beyondthatofdecorationandcreative

expression.

Oneoftheseurgeshadtodowithcreatingastateofpeaceinthemidstofturbulence,a“stillpointofthe

turningworld,^^toborrowaphrasefromT.S.Eliot.(47)Asacredplaceofpeace,howevercrudeitmaybe,

isadistinctlyhumanneed,asopposedtoshelter,whichisadistinctlyanimalneed.Thisdistinctionisso

muchsothatwherethelatterislacking,asitisfortheseunlikelygardens,theformerbecomesallthe

moreurgent.Composureisastateofmindmadepossiblebythestructuringofone'srelationtoone's

environment.(48)Thegardensofthehomelesswhichareineffecthomelessgardensintroducefrominto

anurbanenvironmentwhereiteitherdidn'texistorwasnotdiscernibleassuch.Insodoingtheygive

composuretoasegmentoftheinarticulateenvironmentinwhichtheytaketheirstand.

Anotherurgeorneedthatthesegardensappeartorespondto,ortoarisefromissointrinsicthatweare

barelyeverconsciousofitsabidingclaimsonus.Whenwearedeprivedofgreen,ofplants,oftrees,(49)

mostofusgiveintoademoralizationofspiritwhichweusuallyblameonsomepsychologicalconditions,

untilonedaywefindourselvesingardenandfeeltheexpressionvanishasifbymagic.Inmostofthe

homelessgardensofNewYorkCitytheactualcultivationofplantsisunfeasible,yetevensothe

compositionsoftenseemtorepresentattemptstocallarrangementofmaterials,aninstitutionofcolors,

smallpoolofwater,andafrequentpresenceofpetalsorleavesaswellasofstuffedanimals.Ondisplay

herearevariousfantasyelementswhosereference,atsomebasiclevel,seemstobethenaturalworld.

(50)ltisthisimplicitorexplicitreferencetonaturethatfullyjustifiestheuseofwordgardenthoughina

,,liberated^^sense,todescribethesesyntheticconstructions.Inthemwecanseebiophilia-ayearningfor

contactwithnonhumanlife—assuminguncannyrepresentationalforms.

SectionIVWriting

PartA

51.Directions:

Writeane-mailofabout100wordstoaforeignteacherinyourcollege,invitinghim/hertobeajudgefor

theupcomingEnglishspeechcontest.

Youshouldincludethedetailsyouthinknecessary.

YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendofthee-mail,Use"LiMingMinstead.

Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)

PartB

52.Directions:

Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressayyoushould

1)describethedrawingbriefly

2)explainitsintendedmeaning,and

3)giveyourcomments

YoushouldwriteneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(20points)

參考答案

SectionIUseofEnglish

1.A.grants

2.D.external

3.C.picture

4.A.Forexample

5.B.fearful

6.B.on

7.A.if

8.D.test

9.D.success

10.A.chosen

11.D.otherwise

12.C.conducted

13.B.rated

14.D.took

15.B.then

16.C.marked

17.A.before

18.C.drop

19.B.undo

20.C.necessary

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Text1(Inthe2006)

21.B.insensitivitytofashion

22.D.shopfortheirgarmentmorefrequently

23.A.accusation

24.D.pricingisvitaltoenvironment-friendlypurchasing

25.C.criticismofthefast-fashionindustry

Text2(Anoldsaying)

26.B.lowertheiroperationalcosts

27.D.internetbrowserdevelopers

28.C.willnotbenefitconsumers

29.A.DNTmaynotserveitsintendedpurpose

30.D.skepticism

Text3(Nowutopia)

31.B.ourfaithinscienceandtechnology

32.A.sustainedspecies

33.D.ourimmediatefutureishardtoconceive

34.C.drawonourexperiencefromthepast

35.C.theever-brightprospectsofmankind

Text4(Onafivetothree)

36.C.oversteppedtheauthorityoffederalimmigration

37.C.states*legitimateroleinimmigrationenforcement

38.D.stoodinfavorofthestates

39.A.outweighsthatheldbythestates

40.D.TheAdministrationisdominantoverimmigrationissues.

PartB

41.E.Theseissuesallhaverootcausesinhumanbehavior...

42.F.Despitethesefactors...

43.B.However,thenumbersarestillsmall...

44.G.Duringthelate1990s...

45.C.Theideaistoforcesocialtointegrate...

SectionIIITranslation

46.然而，看著無(wú)家可歸者繪制出的花園圖片時(shí)，人們會(huì)突然意識(shí)到，盡管這些花園風(fēng)格多樣，它們都顯

示了人類除了裝飾和創(chuàng)造性表達(dá)之外的其他各種基本訴求47.一塊神圣的和平之地，不管它有多么粗糙，

它都是一種人類本能的需求，和庇護(hù)所相反，那只是動(dòng)物的本能需求。

47.無(wú)論地方多么簡(jiǎn)陋不堪，尋求一片靜謐圣土是人類特有的需求，而動(dòng)物需要的僅是僅是避難棲息之地。

48.無(wú)家可歸者描繪的花園實(shí)質(zhì)上是無(wú)所依附的，這些花園把一種形式引入城市環(huán)境中，而這樣的城市環(huán)

境中，形式要么根本不存在，要么就完全不是以這種明顯的方式存在。

49.我們大多數(shù)人會(huì)深陷于精神萎靡的狀態(tài)，并常常將此歸咎為一些心理原因，直到某天我們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己置

身花園中，感到如魔法般煩悶盡消。

50.正是對(duì)自然的這種或隱晦含蓄或清晰直