高考總復(fù)習(xí)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)二輪用書(shū)英語(yǔ)(新高考)閱讀理解　原創(chuàng)題組練2

高考總復(fù)習(xí)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)GAOKAOZONGFUXIYOUHUASHEJI2024閱讀理解原創(chuàng)題組練(二)Passage1Passage2Passage3Seeingthedisappointmentonhisdaughter’sfacebecause,at400pounds,herdadcouldn’tplaywithher,wasthefuelonefatherneededtoturnhislifearoundafter25years.In1994,Murphywasviolentlyattackedbythreemen.Ittookhimsevenmonthstorecoverfromhisinjuries,includingrelearninghowtowalk.“Iusedthatasanexcusetobelazy,”hesaid.“Overtheyears,Iatealotanddrankalotandputonalotofweight.”O(jiān)verthenexttwodecades,Murphygained200pounds,dranknearlyeverydayandstruggledwithPTSDfromtheattack.“Ihiditforalmost25years.Ilookedlikethehappyguyatthepub.ButIwasdrinkingtoescape,”hesaid.“Andthenshecamealong.”P(pán)assage1Passage2Passage3Thebirthofhisdaughter,Chloe,in2014sparkedadesiretoturnhislifearound.Murphywenttoanearbygym.Butjust20minutesaftergettingonatreadmill,heheardtwomenmockinghim,sayingthebackofhisnecklookedlike“apackofsausages”.SeriousanxietyfromhisPTSDmadehimgiveupandgohome.Fouryearslater,in2018,MurphywasleavingaplaygroundwithChloewhensheaskedhimtoraceherhome.“Isaid,‘Sorrysweetie,youknowDadcan’trun,’andthelookofherwasnotjustsadness,butdisappointment.I’llneverforgetit,”Murphysaid.“Thatlitafireinme.”P(pán)assage1Passage2Passage3Hestartedboxing,eatinghealthilyandstoppeddrinking.Murphyeventuallylost170poundsandgothisPTSDundercontrol.“Now,weraceallthetime,andshe’ssmilingallthetime,”hesaidofhisdaughter.Almostfiveyearsintohistransformation,MurphysaidChloeremainshismotivationeveryday.“IusedtosometimessitaroundandwonderwhatmypurposewasandwhyIwaskeptaround,”hesaid.“AndthenIlookatherandthat’sprettyclear.”[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一篇記敘文。一名男子在令他4歲的女兒失望后,減掉了170多磅的體重。25年來(lái),他一直與肥胖癥和創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激障礙作斗爭(zhēng),直到看到女兒臉上失望的表情,他才下定決心減肥。Passage1Passage2Passage31.Whydidthefathermakeuphismindtoloseweight?A.Thefuelhisdaughtergavehim.B.Failingtoplaywithhisdaughter.C.Adisappointedlookfromhisdaughter.D.Theinconvenienceofbeingoverweight.√解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段可知,因?yàn)?00磅的體重,他不能和女兒一起玩,他看到了女兒臉上的失望,這成了一個(gè)父親要改變的動(dòng)力。因此C項(xiàng)正確。Passage1Passage2Passage32.Whatwashedrinkingtoescape?A.Thefactofgaining200pounds.B.Theseeminglyhappyguyatthepub.C.Theattackbythreemen25yearsago.D.PTSD,thediseasehegotaftertheattack.√解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段可知,在接下來(lái)的20年里,他體重增加了200磅,幾乎每天都喝酒,并因受襲擊而患有PTSD。他把它藏了將近25年。雖然看起來(lái)就像酒吧里那個(gè)快樂(lè)的家伙,但喝酒是為了逃避。

因此這里逃避的是PTSD這種疾病,因此D項(xiàng)正確。Passage1Passage2Passage33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mocking”meaninparagraph5?A.Makingfunof.

B.Layingblameon.C.Findingfaultwith. D.Thinkinghighlyof.√解析

詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后面的“saying

the

back

of

his

neck

looked

like‘a(chǎn)

pack

of

sausages’”可知,說(shuō)他脖子后面看起來(lái)像“一包香腸”,顯然是在取笑他,因此選A項(xiàng)。Passage1Passage2Passage34.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.AmanstruggledwithobesityandPTSDfromanattack.B.AmanwhostruggledwithobesityandPTSDwascured.C.Alookofdisappointmentmotivatedhimtogethealthy.D.Amandriventoloseweightafterdisappointinghisdaughter.√解析

主旨大意題。文章主要講述了一名男子在遭受暴力襲擊之后體重劇增,他不能與女兒一起玩耍讓女兒失望。女兒失望的表情讓他下決心減肥,并且在他瘦身近五年之后,女兒依然是他的動(dòng)力。因此D項(xiàng)正確。Passage1Passage2Passage3HomebuyersinterestedinrelocatingtoGeorgetown,Texas,mayhavetheopportunitytoliveinalarge,3D-printedneighborhood.ICON,aconstructiontechcompany,alongwithLennar,ahomeconstructioncompanyandBjarkeIngelsGroup(BIG),anarchitecturecompany,areteaminguptodevelopWolfRanch—a100-home,3D-printedcommunity.“WolfRanchmarksthelargestcommunityofitskindindevelopmentintheworldandinpartnershipwithoneofthelargesthomebuildersinthecountry,Lennar,”DmitriJulius,chiefofspecialprojectsatICON,toldFoxNewsDigital.Passage1Passage2Passage3ThepartnershipbetweenAustin-basedICONandLennar“offersapromisingpathtowardsanalternatemethodofdeliveringtechnology-drivenhomesthatmeettherisingdemandindesirablecommunities,”Juliusadded.PrintingforWolfRanchstartedinthefallof2022—andreservationsforhomesaresettobeginonJune10,2023.TheoverallgoalforWolfRanchisto“getpeopleexcitedthatthefutureofhomebuildingishere,”Juliusalsosaid.Passage1Passage2Passage3ICONanditsteamarebuildingacommunitywithnewinnovativetechnology.“Bycombininginnovativerobotics,softwareandadvancedmaterials,wearecreatingbeautiful,resilienthomesco-designedbyaworld-renownedarchitecturefirm,BIG,thataretechnologicallyadvanced,environmentallysustainableandarchitecturallystriking,”JuliustoldFoxNewsDigital.ThoseatICON,LennarandBIGbelievenowisagoodtimetogetstartedonthisprojectbecauseofAmerica’shousingshortage.“Thisproblemisaproblemofscale(規(guī)模)andthesolutionalsohastobeatscale,”Juliussaid.Passage1Passage2Passage3“Inthefuture,webelieverobotsanddroneswillbuildentireneighborhoods,townsandcities,”headded.“WehopetolookbackatLennar’sWolfRanchcommunityastheplacewhereroboticconstructionatalargescalebegan.”GeorgetownisoneofthefastestgrowingsuburbsnorthofAustin,accordingtoJulius,makingitanideallocationtobreakground.Passage1Passage2Passage3WhileICONiscreatingthefirstneighborhoodentirelymadeof3D-printedhomes,thisisn’tthefirsttime3DhomesinAmerica.In2021,HabitatforHumanitypartneredwithAlquisttobuildthefirst-ever3D-printed,habitedhome.[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。在美國(guó),人們對(duì)理想社區(qū)的需求不斷增長(zhǎng),住房短缺成了一個(gè)問(wèn)題。三個(gè)各有專長(zhǎng)的建筑公司正在合作開(kāi)發(fā)Wolf

Ranch,一個(gè)擁有100個(gè)家庭的3D打印社區(qū)。Passage1Passage2Passage31.WhyisWolfRanchtobedeveloped?A.Totryoutnewinnovativehomebuildingtechnology.B.Tomeettherisingdemandinsatisfyinghouses.C.Togetpeopleexcitedaboutthefutureoflife.D.Tosatisfyincreasingneedofgoodneighborhoods.√解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第四段中的“meet

the

rising

demand

in

desirable

communities”可知,開(kāi)發(fā)這種3D社區(qū)的目的是滿足人們對(duì)美好社區(qū)的需求,而不是對(duì)房子的需求,因此D項(xiàng)正確,B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。Passage1Passage2Passage32.WhatcanweknowaboutWolfRanch?A.Twocompaniesareteaminguptodevelopit.B.Itwillbethefirst3D-printedneighborhoodintheworld.C.Itwillbeenvironmentallyfriendlywithcommonstructure.D.Itwasdesignedbyaremarkablearchitecturefirm,ICON.√Passage1Passage2Passage3解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第二段的“ICON,a

construction

tech

company,along

with

Lennar...are

teaming

up

to

develop

Wolf

Ranch”可知,是三家公司聯(lián)合開(kāi)發(fā)的Wolf

Ranch,因此A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;從第二段的“Wolf

Ranch—a

100-home,3D-printed

community”和最后一段的“the

first

neighborhood

entirely

made

of

3D-printed

homes”可知,B項(xiàng)正確。從第六段的“environmentally

sustainable

and

architecturally

striking”可知,這種社區(qū)環(huán)保而且架構(gòu)上引人注目,因此C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;從第六段的“co-designed

by

a

world-renowned

architecture

firm,BIG”可知,D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。因此選B項(xiàng)。Passage1Passage2Passage33.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph7?A.ThereisaseverehousingshortageintheU.S.B.ItisagoodtimetostartdevelopingWolfRanchnow.C.WolfRanchwillbethelargestcommunityinAmerica.D.Inadequatehousingisacommonproblemoftheworld.√解析

推理判斷題。由第七段可知,由于美國(guó)的住房短缺,現(xiàn)在是開(kāi)始這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的好時(shí)機(jī)。由于這是一個(gè)規(guī)模問(wèn)題,因此解決方案也必須是從規(guī)模上解決,由此可知,美國(guó)的住房短缺問(wèn)題非常嚴(yán)重,因此A項(xiàng)正確。Passage1Passage2Passage34.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WolfRanch,YourMostDesirableCommunityB.HoustonWelcomestheCountry’sFirst3D-PrintedHomeC.RobotsandDronesWillBuildEntireNeighborhoodsD.3D-printedTexasNeighborhoodIsGoingUpasHomes√解析

主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了三家公司正在合作開(kāi)發(fā)Wolf

Ranch,一個(gè)擁有100個(gè)家庭的3D打印社區(qū)。因?yàn)槊绹?guó)的住房短缺,現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始這個(gè)項(xiàng)目,以此來(lái)開(kāi)辟一個(gè)新途徑,滿足人們對(duì)理想社區(qū)日益增長(zhǎng)的需求。Passage1Passage2Passage3Growingup,PittsburghnativeJudyBaumgartnersawbigplasticpipesfromindustrialplantsgoingintotheOhioRiver.Thiswasduringthe1960sand1970s,whenindustrialplantsstilldominatedthecity’swaterfront.Pittsburgh’ssteel,coalandotherindustrieshadlongsustainedthelocaleconomy,buttheyalsoreleasedpollutionintothewater.Manyofthoseindustrieshavelargelydisappearednow.BaumgartnerassumedtheOhioRiverwasingoodhealth.Theriverismuchhealthierthanitwas50yearsago.Congresspassedgroundbreakinglegislation,theCleanWaterAct,in1972,whichhelpedtocleanuppollutedwaterwaysliketheOhioRiver.Passage1Passage2Passage3Buttheriver—whichsuppliesdrinkingwaterto5millionpeopleandishometomorethan150speciesoffish—isstillunderthreat,accordingtoareportreleasedthisweekfromtheconservationadvocacyorganizationAmericanRivers.Fornearlyfourdecades,AmericanRivershasbeenidentifyingthemostendangeredriversintheU.S.andcreatesitsannuallist.Thisyear,thereportlists10riversasendangered.AsectionoftheColoradoRiver,whichflowsthroughGrandCanyonNationalPark,isthemostendangeredriverinthecountry.Passage1Passage2Passage3TheColoradoRiversuppliesmillionsofpeoplethroughouttheWestwithwaterfordrinkingandagriculture.Prolongeddroughtworsenedbyclimatechange,however,haslefttheriver’sreservoirsinsecurelylow.Thatmeansthere’slesswatertosendpastGlenCanyonDamandintotheColoradoRiver,whichflowsthroughtheGrandCanyon.JustliketheColoradoRiver,climatechangealsothreatenstheOhioRiver,alongwithlegacypollutionandnewindustrialpollution.Passage1Passage2Passage3Protectingthispreciousresourceisessential.TheorganizationiscallingonCongresstodesignate(指定)theOhioRiverasafederallyprotectedwatersystem,whichwouldhelpfunditsrestoration.ProtectingtheOhioRivershouldbeaprioritybecauseitwillbecomeanevenmorecrucialfreshwatersourceasotherpartsofthecountry,liketheWestandSouthwest,strugglewithwaterscarcityanddrought.[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了科羅拉多河和俄亥俄河成為全美最瀕危的河流的主要原因,以及政府可能要采取的措施。Passage1Passage2Passage31.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthestoryofJudyBaumgartner?A.JudythoughttheOhioRiverwasingoodhealthinthepast.B.Industrialfactoriesweremajorcontributorstopollution.C.TheOhioRiverwasseriouslypollutedbutnowit’sbetter.D.Industrialdevelopmenthasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.√解析

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知,在20世紀(jì)60年代和70年代,Judy

Baumgartner從小就看到工廠的大塑料管向水中排放污染物,那時(shí)候,鋼鐵、煤炭和其他工業(yè)長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)支撐著當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)。第二段說(shuō),現(xiàn)在許多這樣的行業(yè)基本上消失了,因此他認(rèn)為俄亥俄河很健康了。由此可知C項(xiàng)正確。