UNIT4SPACEEXPLORATION單元基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)通關(guān)練（含答案）高中英語(yǔ)核心要點(diǎn)突破和檢測(cè)（人教版2019）

UNIT4SPACEEXPLORATION單元基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)通關(guān)練（含答案）一、單詞通關(guān)1._______________n.宇航員；太空人2._______________n.程序；步驟；手續(xù)3._______________adj.精神的；思想的4._______________abbr.厘米5._______________adj.有智慧的；聰明的；有智力的6._______________n.火箭；火箭彈7._______________n.重力；引力8._______________n.邊境；國(guó)界；邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)9._______________n.交通工具；車輛10._______________n.宇宙；天地萬(wàn)物11._______________adj.有決心的；意志堅(jiān)定的12._______________vt.查明；確定；決定13._______________n.人造衛(wèi)星；衛(wèi)星14._______________n.發(fā)射；發(fā)起；上市15._______________n.（環(huán)繞地球、太陽(yáng)等運(yùn)行的）軌道；勢(shì)力范圍vt.&vi.沿軌道運(yùn)行；環(huán)繞……運(yùn)行16._______________adj.巨大的；偉大的n.巨人；巨獸；偉人17._______________n.跳躍；劇增；劇變vi.&vt.跳過(guò)；躍過(guò)18._______________n.人類19._______________n.（政府的）專門機(jī)構(gòu)；服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)；代理處20._______________vt.&vi.傳輸；發(fā)送21._______________n.[pl.]資料；數(shù)據(jù)22._______________adj.失望的；沮喪的23._______________n.渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望24._______________繼續(xù)做，堅(jiān)持干25._______________adj.持續(xù)存在的；仍在進(jìn)行的；不斷發(fā)展的26._______________在宇宙飛船上；在船上；在飛機(jī)上27._______________adv.獨(dú)立地；自立地28._______________adj.獨(dú)立的；自立的29._______________n.航天器；宇宙飛船30._______________n.太空行走；太空行走的時(shí)間31._______________n.玉；翡翠；玉器32._______________vi.&vt.（兩架航天器）對(duì)接；（使）……進(jìn)港n.碼頭；船塢33._______________vt.&vi.標(biāo)志著；標(biāo)明；發(fā)信號(hào)n.信號(hào)；標(biāo)志34._______________抱著……的希望35._______________為了；以便36._______________vt.回收利用；再利用37._______________n.肌肉；實(shí)力；影響力38._______________n.缺乏；短缺vt.沒(méi)有；缺乏39._______________vi.浮動(dòng)；漂流；漂浮vt.使浮動(dòng)；使漂流40._______________adv.否則；要不然41._______________prep.在更遠(yuǎn)處；超出42._______________adj.太陽(yáng)的；太陽(yáng)能的43._______________太陽(yáng)系；類太陽(yáng)系44._______________adj.當(dāng)前的；現(xiàn)在的n.水流；電流；思潮45._______________弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白46._______________adj.足夠的；充足的47._______________n.肥皂48._______________n.毛巾；抹布49._______________n.微波爐50._______________n.紙巾；（人、動(dòng)植物細(xì)胞的）組織51._______________n.設(shè)施；設(shè)備52._______________adj.熱衷的；渴望的53._______________n.地球；世界；地球儀54._______________vt.&vi.論證；爭(zhēng)辯；爭(zhēng)論55._______________n.爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)吵；論點(diǎn)56._______________adj.致命的；災(zāi)難性的57._______________adj.膚淺的；淺的58._______________導(dǎo)致；造成59._______________n.模式；圖案；模范60._______________n.（對(duì)事物的）分析；分析結(jié)果61._______________所以；結(jié)果（是）62._______________adj.高端的63._______________n.監(jiān)視器；監(jiān)測(cè)儀vt.監(jiān)視；監(jiān)測(cè)；監(jiān)控64._______________adv.經(jīng)常；定期的65._______________adj.定期的；經(jīng)常的；正常的66._______________n.泡沫橡膠；泡沫67._______________n.枕頭68._______________n.智能69._______________n.資源；財(cái)力；物力70._______________adj.有限的71._______________提供生活所需72._______________adj.結(jié)尾的；結(jié)束的n.停業(yè)；關(guān)閉；倒閉73._______________最后74._______________n.神秘事物；迷75._______________用完；耗盡76._______________vt.系；綁；貼77._______________n.氧；氧氣二、派生單詞通關(guān)1.mentaladj.精神的；思想的→__________adv.精神上；心理上2.intelligentadj.有智慧的；聰明的；有智力的→__________n.聰明；智慧3.universen.宇宙；天地萬(wàn)物→__________adj.普遍的→__________adv.普遍地4.determinevt.查明；確定；決定→__________adj.有決心的；意志堅(jiān)定的→__________n.決心；果斷5.disappointvt.使失望→__________adj.失望的；沮喪的→__________adj.令人失望的→__________n.失望；沮喪6.dependv.依靠；依賴→__________adj.獨(dú)立的；自主的→__________adv.獨(dú)立地；自立地→__________n.獨(dú)立7.currentadj.當(dāng)前的；現(xiàn)在的n.水流；電流；思潮；潮流→__________adv.當(dāng)前；現(xiàn)時(shí)8.sufficientadj.足夠的；充足的→__________adv.足夠地；充足地→(反)__________adj.不夠的；不足的9.globen.地球；世界；地球儀→__________adj.全球的；全面的→__________adv.全局地；全球地10.arguevt.&vi.論證；爭(zhēng)辯；爭(zhēng)論→__________n.爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)吵；論點(diǎn)→__________adj.可論證的11.analyze/analysev.分析→__________n.(對(duì)事物的)分析；分析結(jié)果→(pl.)__________→__________n.分析家12.regularadj.定期的；經(jīng)常的；正常的n.常客→(反)__________adj.不規(guī)則的；不規(guī)律的→__________adv.經(jīng)常；定期地13.limitvt.&n.限制→__________adj.有限的→__________adj.無(wú)限的→__________n.限制；限度14.mysteryn.神秘事物；謎→__________adj.神秘的15.attachvt.系；綁；貼→__________adj.附加的；附屬的；依戀的三、短語(yǔ)通關(guān)1.____________________繼續(xù)做，堅(jiān)持干2.____________________在宇宙飛船上；在船上；在飛機(jī)上3.____________________抱著……的希望4.____________________為了；以便5.____________________弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白6.____________________導(dǎo)致；造成7.____________________所以；結(jié)果(是)8.____________________為某人提供生活所需9.____________________最后10.____________________用完；耗盡四、課文語(yǔ)法填空ReadingandThinkingSPACE:THEFINALFRONTIER“Arewealone?What’soutthere?”__________(look)upatthestars,peoplehavealwayswantedtolearnmoreaboutspace,andscientistsworkhardtofindanswers.Theymakevehiclestocarrybravepeopleintospace__________(find)outthesecretsoftheuniverse.Theyalsoreallywishtodiscoverotherplanetsthatare__________(suit)enoughtosupportlife.Beforethemid20thcentury,mostpeoplefelt__________(travel)intospacewasanimpossibledream.However,somescientistsweredeterminedtohelphumansrealizetheirdream__________(explore)space.Aftermanyexperiments,theysucceededinmakingrocketsthatcouldescapeEarth’sgravity.On4October1957,theSputnik1satellite__________(launch)bytheUSSRandsuccessfullyorbitedaroundEarth.Afterwards,theUSSRfocusedonsendingpeopleintospace,andon12April1961,YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworld__________(go)intospace.Overeightyearslater,on20July1969,AmericanastronautNeilArmstrongsteppedontothemoon,__________(famous)saying,“That’sonesmallstepfor［a］man,onegiantleapformankind.”__________(follow)this,manymoregoalswereachieved.Forexample,America’sNASAspaceagencylaunchedVoyager1on5September1977tostudydeepspace,anditstill__________(transmit)datatoday.__________scientiststrytomakesurenothinggoeswrong,accidentscanstillhappen.AlltheastronautsontheUSSR’sSoyuz11andAmerica’sChallengerdiedduringtheirmissions.Thesedisastersmadeeveryonesadand__________(disappoint),butthedesiretoexploretheuniverseneverdied.Thisis__________peoplebelieveintheimportanceofcarryingonspaceexploration__________thehugerisks.AnexampleofthisongoingworkistheInternationalSpaceStation.ItorbitsEarthandhasastronautsfromdifferentcountries__________board,providinga__________(continue)humanpresenceinspace.China’sspaceprogrammestartedlater__________thoseofRussiaandtheUS,butithasmadegreatprogressinashorttime.Chinabecamethethirdcountryintheworldto__________(independent)sendhumansintospacein2003,__________YangLiweisuccessfullyorbitedEarthintheShenzhou5spacecraft.ThenShenzhou6and7pleted__________secondmannedorbitandthefirstChinesespacewalk,__________(follow)bythevehicleJadeRabbitbeingsenttothemoontostudyitssurface.Afterthat,ChinalaunchedtheTiangong2spacelabintospaceandTianzhou1__________(dock)withit.ThissignalledonestepfurtherinChina’splan__________(establish)aspacestationinthefuture.Morerecently,China__________(send)Chang’e4toexplorethesurfaceofthefarsideofthemoontomake__________(measurement)andobservations.Thefutureofspaceexploration__________(remain)bright.Europe,theUS,andChinaallhaveplanstofurtherstudyandexploreplanetslikeMarsandJupiter.Despitethedifficulties,scientistshopefuture__________(discovery)willnotonlyenableustounderstandhowtheuniversebegan,butalsohelpussurvivewellintothefuture.ReadingforWritingISEXPLORINGSPACEAWASTEOFTIMEANDMONEY?Countriesaroundtheglobearespendingbillionsofdollarsandlotsoftimeonvariousspacemissions,__________toMarsorotherplanetsmuchfurtheraway.Somepeoplearguethatweshouldstopwastingtimeandmoney__________(explore)space.Instead,weshouldfeedtheworld’spoorandfindimmediatesolutions__________otherproblems,suchaspollutionand__________(fate)diseases.However,othersfeelthisisashallowviewwhichfailstorealize__________exploringspacehelpsus.Firstly,exploringspacehasalreadymadeadifferenceinthefight__________worldhunger.Ithas__________(direct)resultedinthemanysatellitesthatnoworbitEarth.Anumberofthesatellitesrecorddataonlandandweather__________(pattern).ThenthedataistransmittedtoscientistsonEarth.Aftercareful__________(analyze),thescientistscanprovideusefulremendationsandadviceforfarmers.Asaresult,spacebasedsciencehashelpedfarminginitseffortstogrowenoughfoodtofeedEarth’s__________(increase)population.Secondly,spaceexplorationhasalreadypromoted__________(technology)improvementsthatbenefitusall.Highendproductsaroundtheworldaremade__________ahigherstandardnowbecauseof__________(advance)technologywhichwasfirstcreatedtomeettherequirementforspaceexploration.Forexample,spacetechnologies__________(help)theresearchanddevelopmentofdifferenttypesofnewmaterial.Theyhavealsohelpedpaniesmakebetterheartmonitorsand__________machinesthatdoctorsregularlyuse.Today,spacetechnologiesare__________(wide)usedinallkindsofindustries,andeverydayproductssuchasGPS,memoryfoampillows,__________smartphonecamerasarechangingourlives.Finally,sendingastronautsintospacehashelpedpeopletothinkabouttheworld’sproblemsandeventofindwaystosolve__________(they).Seeingpicturesofourplanetasanislandinablackseamadepeoplerealizethatourplanet’sresourcesarelimited.Inordertoprovide__________sucharapidlyincreasingpopulation,scientistsaretryingtofindotherplanetsthatcouldonedaybeournewhome.Thegreatestattention__________presentisonMarsbecauseitis__________(close)toEarth.Inthefuture,humansmayliveon__________planets.Inclosing,exploringspaceprovidestheworld__________manydifferentbenefits.Therefore,itshouldcontinuesoastoprovidenewandbettersolutionstopeople’sshorttermandlongtermproblems.參考答案一、單詞通關(guān)1.astronautn.宇航員；太空人2.proceduren.程序；步驟；手續(xù)3.mentaladj.精神的；思想的4.cm(centimetre/centimeter)abbr.厘米5.intelligentadj.有智慧的；聰明的；有智力的6.rocketn.火箭；火箭彈7.gravityn.重力；引力8.frontiern.邊境；國(guó)界；邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)9.vehiclen.交通工具；車輛10.universen.宇宙；天地萬(wàn)物11.determinedadj.有決心的；意志堅(jiān)定的12.determinevt.查明；確定；決定13.satelliten.人造衛(wèi)星；衛(wèi)星14.launchn.發(fā)射；發(fā)起；上市15.orbitn.（環(huán)繞地球、太陽(yáng)等運(yùn)行的）軌道；勢(shì)力范圍vt.&vi.沿軌道運(yùn)行；環(huán)繞……運(yùn)行16.giantadj.巨大的；偉大的n.巨人；巨獸；偉人17.leapn.跳躍；劇增；劇變vi.&vt.跳過(guò)；躍過(guò)18.mankindn.人類19.agencyn.（政府的）專門機(jī)構(gòu)；服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)；代理處20.transmitvt.&vi.傳輸；發(fā)送21.datan.[pl.]資料；數(shù)據(jù)22.disappointedadj.失望的；沮喪的23.desiren.渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望24.carryon繼續(xù)做，堅(jiān)持干25.ongoingadj.持續(xù)存在的；仍在進(jìn)行的；不斷發(fā)展的26.onboard在宇宙飛船上；在船上；在飛機(jī)上27.independentlyadv.獨(dú)立地；自立地28.independentadj.獨(dú)立的；自立的29.spacecraftn.航天器；宇宙飛船30.spacewalkn.太空行走；太空行走的時(shí)間31.jaden.玉；翡翠；玉器32.dockvi.&vt.（兩架航天器）對(duì)接；（使）……進(jìn)港n.碼頭；船塢33.signalvt.&vi.標(biāo)志著；標(biāo)明；發(fā)信號(hào)n.信號(hào)；標(biāo)志34.inthehopeofdoingsth抱著……的希望35.soasto(dosth)為了；以便36.recyclevt.回收利用；再利用37.musclen.肌肉；實(shí)力；影響力38.lackn.缺乏；短缺vt.沒(méi)有；缺乏39.floatvi.浮動(dòng)；漂流；漂浮vt.使浮動(dòng)；使漂流40.otherwiseadv.否則；要不然41.beyondprep.在更遠(yuǎn)處；超出42.solaradj.太陽(yáng)的；太陽(yáng)能的43.solarsystem太陽(yáng)系；類太陽(yáng)系44.currentadj.當(dāng)前的；現(xiàn)在的n.水流；電流；思潮45.figureout弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白46.sufficientadj.足夠的；充足的47.soapn.肥皂48.toweln.毛巾；抹布49.microwave(microwaveoven)n.微波爐50.tissuen.紙巾；（人、動(dòng)植物細(xì)胞的）組織51.facilityn.設(shè)施；設(shè)備52.keenadj.熱衷的；渴望的53.globen.地球；世界；地球儀54.arguevt.&vi.論證；爭(zhēng)辯；爭(zhēng)論55.argumentn.爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)吵；論點(diǎn)56.fataladj.致命的；災(zāi)難性的57.shallowadj.膚淺的；淺的58.resultin導(dǎo)致；造成59.patternn.模式；圖案；模范60.analysisn.（對(duì)事物的）分析；分析結(jié)果61.asaresult所以；結(jié)果（是）62.highendadj.高端的63.monitorn.監(jiān)視器；監(jiān)測(cè)儀vt.監(jiān)視；監(jiān)測(cè)；監(jiān)控64.regularlyadv.經(jīng)常；定期的65.regularadj.定期的；經(jīng)常的；正常的66.foamn.泡沫橡膠；泡沫67.pillown.枕頭68.smartphonen.智能69.resourcen.資源；財(cái)力；物力70.limitedadj.有限的71.provideforsb提供生活所需72.closingadj.結(jié)尾的；結(jié)束的n.停業(yè)；關(guān)閉；倒閉73.inclosing最后74.mysteryn.神秘事物；迷75.runout用完；耗盡76.attachvt.系；綁；貼77.oxygenn.氧；氧氣二、派生單詞通關(guān)1.mentaladj.精神的；思想的→mentallyadv.精神上；心理上2.intelligentadj.有智慧的；聰明的；有智力的→intelligencen.聰明；智慧3.universen.宇宙；天地萬(wàn)物→universaladj.普遍的→universallyadv.普遍地4.determinevt.查明；確定；決定→determinedadj.有決心的；意志堅(jiān)定的→determinationn.決心；果斷5.disappointvt.使失望→disappointedadj.失望的；沮喪的→disappointingadj.令人失望的→disappointmentn.失望；沮喪6.dependv.依靠；依賴→independentadj.獨(dú)立的；自主的