必修第一冊　Unit 4　Natural Disasters-2025英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義人教版

Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——會意1．tornadon．(pl.-oesor-os)龍卷風(fēng)；旋風(fēng)2．droughtn．旱災(zāi)；久旱3．landsliden．(landfall)(山地或懸崖的)崩塌；滑坡4．tsunamin．海嘯5．volcaniceruption火山噴發(fā)6．magnituden．(地)震級；重大7．evacuatevt.疏散；撤出vi.撤離8．helicoptern．直升機(jī)9．crackn．裂紋；裂縫vi.&vt.(使)破裂10．brickn．磚；磚塊11．metaln．金屬12．unifyvi.&vt.統(tǒng)一；(使)成一體13．volcanon．(pl.-oesor-os)火山14．eruptvi.&vt.(火山)爆發(fā)；(巖漿、煙等)噴出15．typhoonn．臺風(fēng)16．hurricanen．(尤指西大西洋的)颶風(fēng)17．whistlevi.吹口哨；發(fā)出笛聲vt.吹口哨n．哨子(聲)；呼嘯聲18．kitn．成套工具；成套設(shè)備19．firstaidkit急救箱Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞——記形1．disastern．災(zāi)難；災(zāi)害2．slidevi.&vt.(slid，slid)(使)滑行；滑動(dòng)3．floodn．洪水；大量vi.淹沒；大量涌入vt.使灌滿水；淹沒4．rescuen．&vt.營救；救援5．damagevt.損害；破壞n．損壞；損失6．destroyvt.摧毀；毀滅7．a(chǎn)ffectvt.影響；(疾病)侵襲；深深打動(dòng)8．sheltern．避難處；居所；庇護(hù)vt.保護(hù)；掩蔽vi.躲避(風(fēng)雨或危險(xiǎn))9．gasn．氣體；燃?xì)?；汽?0．ruinn．&vt.破壞；毀壞11．percentn．百分之……adj.&adv.每一百中12．trapvt.使落入險(xiǎn)境；使陷入圈套n．險(xiǎn)境；陷阱13．effortn．努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力14．contextn．上下文；語境；背景15．supplyn．供應(yīng)(量)；補(bǔ)給；[pl.]補(bǔ)給品vt.供應(yīng)；供給16．tapvi.&vt.輕叩；輕敲；輕拍n．水龍頭；輕叩；輕敲17．pipen．管子；管道18．emergencyn．突發(fā)事件；緊急情況19．calmadj.鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的vt.使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜20．a(chǎn)idn．援助；幫助；救援物資vi.&vt.(formal)幫助；援助21．crashvt.&vi.碰撞；撞擊n．撞車；碰撞22．sweepvt.&vi.(swept，swept)打掃；清掃23．waven．海浪；波浪vi.&vt.揮手；招手24．strikevi.&vt.(struck，struck/stricken)侵襲；突擊；擊打n．罷工；罷課；襲擊Ⅲ.拓展單詞——悉變1．deathn．死；死亡→deadadj.死的→deadlyadj.致命的→diev．死亡2．shockn．震驚；令人震驚的事；休克vt.(使)震驚→shockingadj.令人震驚的→shockedadj.感到震驚的3．electricityn．電；電能→electricadj.電的；用電的→electronicadj.電子的4．buryvt.埋葬；安葬→burialn．埋葬；葬禮5．breathevi.&vt.呼吸→breathn．呼吸→breathlessadj.氣喘吁吁的6．revivevt.&vi.復(fù)活；(使)蘇醒→revivaln．振興；復(fù)蘇7．wisdomn．智慧；才智→wiseadj.明智的→unwiseadj.不明智的8．suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦→sufferingn．痛苦→sufferern．患者；受難者9．survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艱難度過→survivaln．幸存；生存→survivorn．幸存者；生還者10．powern．電力供應(yīng)；能量；力量；控制力→powerfuladj.強(qiáng)有力的；有影響力的→powerlessadj.無力的11．delivervt.&vi.遞送；傳達(dá)vt.發(fā)表→deliveryn．投遞；送交12．summaryn．總結(jié)；概括；概要→summaris(z)evt.&vi.總結(jié)；概括13．effectn．效果；結(jié)果；影響→effectiveadj.有效的14．lengthn．長；長度→longadj.長的→lengthenv．(使)變長1．breeze/bri?z/n．微風(fēng)；和風(fēng)；輕而易舉的事vt.輕盈而自信地走2．becomejadedwith對……感到厭倦3．endow/In'da?/vt.捐贈；資助4．a(chǎn)rray/?'reI/n．大量；大群；陣列vt.布置；排列5．thread/θred/n．線；思路；線狀物vt.&vi.穿(針)；穿過6．beam/bi?m/n．光線；束；梁vi.&vt.照射；發(fā)光；發(fā)熱7．weave/wi?v/vt.&vi.(wove/w??v/orweaved，woven/'w??vn/orweaved)編織；編纂；編造8．web/web/n．蛛網(wǎng)；網(wǎng)絡(luò)，錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的事物9．prey/preI/n．獵物；受害者vt.捕食；欺凌；敲詐10．deliberately/dI'lIb?r?tli/adv.故意；蓄意；從容不迫地→deliberate/dI'lIb?r?t/adj.故意的；蓄意的vi.&vt.深思熟慮Ⅳ.背核心短語1．a(chǎn)sif似乎；好像；仿佛2．inruins嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪3．inshock震驚；吃驚4．intheopenair露天；在戶外5．onhand現(xiàn)有(尤指幫助)6．sweepaway消滅；徹底消除7．refusetodosth拒絕做某事8．a(chǎn)susual像往常一樣9．cometoanend告終；結(jié)束10．thenumberof……的數(shù)量Ⅴ.悟經(jīng)典句式1．Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat，anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.(too...to...)雞甚至豬都焦躁不安，不愿進(jìn)食；狗拒絕進(jìn)入屋內(nèi)。2．Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend！(asif引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣)仿佛世界末日即將來臨！3．Water，food，andelectricitywerehardtoget.(主語＋be＋adj.＋todo)沒有水和食物，電也停了。4．Soonafterthequakes，thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.(thosewho...)地震發(fā)生后不久，部隊(duì)派出了15萬名士兵奔赴唐山，將受困群眾從廢墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。5．Themostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunamithatcrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday，killingmorethan6,500peopleinIndonesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，andatleastfourothercountries.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語)昨日，40年來最為強(qiáng)烈的地震引發(fā)海嘯，重創(chuàng)亞洲沿海地帶，造成印度尼西亞、印度、泰國、馬來西亞和其他至少四個(gè)國家的6500多人死亡。6．Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.(bedoing...when...正在做……突然……)當(dāng)時(shí)我和我的三個(gè)孩子正在吃早飯，海水開始灌入屋內(nèi)。Ⅰ.閱讀單詞(每小題1分，共10分)1．tornadon．龍卷風(fēng)；旋風(fēng)2．droughtn．旱災(zāi)；久旱3．tsunamin．海嘯4．helicoptern．直升機(jī)5．crackn．裂紋；裂縫vi.&vt.(使)破裂6．brickn．磚；磚塊7．metaln．金屬8．unifyvi.&vt.統(tǒng)一；(使)成一體9．hurricanen．(尤指西大西洋的)颶風(fēng)10．whistlevi.吹口哨；發(fā)出笛聲vt.吹口哨n．哨子(聲)；呼嘯聲Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞(每小題1.5分，共18分)1．rescuen．&vt.營救；救援2．destroyvt.摧毀；毀滅3．ruinn．&vt.破壞；毀壞4．trapvt.使落入險(xiǎn)境；使陷入圈套n．險(xiǎn)境；陷阱5．disastern．災(zāi)難；災(zāi)害6．effortn．努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力7．a(chǎn)ffectvt.影響；(疾病)侵襲；深深打動(dòng)8．supplyn．供應(yīng)(量)；補(bǔ)給；[pl.]補(bǔ)給品vt.供應(yīng)；供給9．calmadj.鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的vt.使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜10．sheltern．避難處；居所；庇護(hù)vt.保護(hù)；掩蔽vi.躲避(風(fēng)雨或危險(xiǎn))11．waven．海浪；波浪vi.&vt.揮手；招手12．strikevi.&vt.侵襲；突擊；擊打n．罷工；罷課；襲擊Ⅲ.拓展單詞(每小題1.5分，共9分)1．effectn．效果；結(jié)果；影響→effectiveadj.有效的2．shockn．震驚；令人震驚的事；休克vt.(使)震驚→shockingadj.令人震驚的→shockedadj.感到震驚的3．electricityn．電；電能→electricadj.電的；用電的→electronicadj.電子的4．powern．電力供應(yīng)；能量；力量；控制力→powerfuladj.強(qiáng)有力的；有影響力的→powerlessadj.無力的5．delivervt.&vi.遞送；傳達(dá)vt.發(fā)表→deliveryn．投遞；送交6．revivevt.&vi.復(fù)活；(使)蘇醒→revivaln．振興；復(fù)蘇Ⅳ.拔高詞匯(每小題1分，共5分)1．breezen．微風(fēng)；和風(fēng)；輕而易舉的事vt.輕盈而自信地走2．becomejadedwith對……感到厭倦3．beamn．光線；束；梁vi.&vt.照射；發(fā)光；發(fā)熱4．webn．蛛網(wǎng)；網(wǎng)絡(luò)，錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的事物5．deliberatelyadv.故意；蓄意；從容不迫地→deliberateadj.故意的；蓄意的vi.&vt.深思熟慮Ⅴ.核心短語(每小題2分，共14分)1．a(chǎn)sif似乎；好像；仿佛2．inruins嚴(yán)重受損；破敗不堪3．inshock震驚；吃驚4．intheopenair露天；在戶外5．refusetodosth拒絕做某事6．a(chǎn)susual像往常一樣7．sweepaway消滅；徹底消除Ⅰ.詞形變化填空(每小題2分，共14分)1．Thewisemanhasmuchwisdomandcanhandlevariousmatterswisely.(wisdom)2．Wemeasuredthelengthoftheareaandfounditwasjustthreemeterslongandthus，weneededtolengthenit.(length)3．Hetakesadeepbreathandbreathesinthesweetsmelloffreshflowers.(breathe)4．Masteringsomebasicskillswouldgreatlyincreaseyourchancesofsurvival.Thankstotheswimmingskills，heandhisfriendsucceededinsurvivingtheterriblefloodandtheyweretheonlytwosurvivors.(survive)5．Thedeadlydiseasehasaffectedmanypeopleandhascausedatleast30deathsuptonow.(dead)6．Whenyouwriteasummaryofanarticle，summaris(z)ingthemainideaofeachpartisthefirststep.(summary)7．Shehasbeensufferingfromthelossofmemorysinceshehadthatcaraccidentandhersufferingisbeyonddescription.(suffer)Ⅱ.選詞填空(每小題2.5分，共15分)eq\x(sweepaway，onhand，inruins，cometoanend，thenumberof，intheopenair)1．Thesummervacationcametoanendatlastandwewouldreturntoschool.2．WiththedevelopmentofChina，thenumberofpeoplestudyingChineseintheWestisincreasingrapidly.3．Whatmadeusfrustratedwasthatthefloodssweptawayallthehouses.4．Itwasbecauseofanunexpectedrainthatwecouldn’tgoonapicnicintheopenair.5．Hewantstoseemenow，butIhavesomuchworkonhandthatIwouldratherhecametomorrowthantoday.6．Somanyyearsoffightinghavelefttheareainruins.Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句型仿寫(每小題3分，共15分)1．看到兇猛的熊，埃莉嚇呆了，害怕得一動(dòng)不動(dòng)。(讀后續(xù)寫之心理描寫)(too...to...)(2020·浙江7月，讀后續(xù)寫)Atthesightofthefiercebear，Ellifrozewithterror，tooscaredtomoveaninch.2．他伸出胳膊和腿，好像在飛似的，興奮得睜大了眼睛。(asif引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣)(2022·浙江6月)Hethrowshisarmsandlegsoutasifhewereflying，hiseyeswidewithexcitement.3．我的頭很難從大南瓜里拔出來。(主語＋be＋adj.＋todo)(2021·浙江1月，讀后續(xù)寫)Myheadwasdifficulttopulloutofthehugepumpkin.4．想?yún)⒓哟舜尾烧顒?dòng)的人被要求明天早晨7點(diǎn)到學(xué)校門口集合。(thosewho...)Thosewhowanttoparticipateinthepickingactivityarerequiredtogatherattheschoolgateat7：00amtomorrow.5．當(dāng)我在瀏覽我們學(xué)校的網(wǎng)站時(shí)，我注意到了英文報(bào)紙Youth。(bedoing...when...)(2021·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，應(yīng)用文寫作)Iwassurfingourschool’swebsitewhenInoticedtheEnglishnewspaperYouth.Disasterssuchastornadoes，droughts，floods，landslides，volcaniceruptions，typhoons，hurricanesandearthquakeshavecomeoneafteranother,1.causing(cause)greatdamagetomanycountries.Insummary，theearthquakehasthe2.worst(bad)effects.The1976Tangshanearthquakecausedmorethan240,0003.deaths(die).90percentofhomeslayinruinsandpeoplesufferedalot.Food，waterandelectricitywerehardtoget.Everywhere4.theshockedsurvivorssawdestroyedbricks，deepcracksinvillagewellsanduselessmetalsasiftheworldwereatanend.Rescueteamswhowereinshockdugoutthetrapped,5.buried(bury)thedead，andbuiltsheltersintheopenair.Withunifiedeffortsandwisdomofallpeople，thecityrevived6.itself(it)andbegantobreatheagain.Earthquakesundertheseacanalsocausetsunamis.Thetsunami7.that/whichstruckAsiain2004crashedintocoastlines.Hugewavessweptawaymanypeople.Foreigncountriesaidedtheseareasbydeliveringfoodandsuppliesbyhelicopters.Thoughthesenaturaldisasterscannotbeavoided，wecantakesomeprotectivemeasures8.tolower(lower)theirdamage.When9.trapped(trap)inanemergencyweshouldkeepcalm，taponapipeorwhistleforhelp，stayawayfrompowerlinesandsurviveonwhatyouhaveonhand.Lastbutnotleast，alwayskeepfirstaidkitsathome10.incase.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯shockn．休克；震驚；令人震驚的事vt.(使)震驚(shockedadj.感到震驚的shockingadj.令人震驚的)·inshock吃驚，震驚toone’sshock令某人震驚的是·beshockedatsth/that...對……感到震驚beshockedtodosth因做某事而感到震驚(1)Allofuswereshockedattheshockingnewsthatmanydeathshadbeencausedbytheflood.(shock)(2)湯姆在馬拉松比賽中贏得了冠軍，這對我們大家來說非常震驚。Tomwonthechampionshipinthemarathon，whichwasagreatshockto/greatlyshockedusall.(3)聽到家鄉(xiāng)被颶風(fēng)摧毀的消息，她嚇得臉色蒼白。(讀后續(xù)寫之恐懼心理描寫)Shepaledwithshockatthenewsthatherhometownwasdestroyedbythehurricane.trapvt.使落入險(xiǎn)境；使陷入圈套n．陷阱；險(xiǎn)境·betrappedin被困在……trapsbintodoingsth誘使某人做某事·fallinto/getoutofatrap落入/擺脫圈套lay/setatrap(for)(為……)布下陷阱/設(shè)置圈套(1)Peoplewithweakcontrolpowerarelikelytobetrappedintobuyinguselessgoodsbythewebcast.(2)Trapped(trap)intheruinsfortwodays，thegirlconstantlyheldapositiveattitude，firmlybelievingthatsomeonewouldcometoherrescue.(3)這位可憐的幸存者設(shè)下了一個(gè)簡單的陷阱，試圖抓住一只兔子來充饑，但卻是白費(fèi)力氣。Thepoorsurvivorlaid/setasimpletrap，attemptingtocatcharabbittosatisfyhishunger，butinvain.buryvt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；隱藏(burialn．埋葬；葬禮)burysthin把某物埋在……buryoneselfin＝beburiedin埋頭于，專心于buryone’sfaceinone’shands雙手掩面(1)自畢業(yè)以來，她一直埋頭于文物保護(hù)和修復(fù)工作，在這一領(lǐng)域做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。(話題寫作之人物介紹)Eversincegraduation，shehasbeenburiedin/buriedherselfinrelicprotectionandrestorationwork，makinggreatcontributionsinthisfield.(2)Hearingthebadnews，sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandburstintotears.(讀后續(xù)寫之動(dòng)作描寫)→Hearingthebadnews，sheburstintotears，buryingherfaceinherhands.(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)→Hearingthebadnews，sheburstintotears，withherfaceburiedinherhands.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))→Hearingthebadnews，sheburstintotears，herfaceburiedinherhands.(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu))suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲傷等)受苦(sufferingn．受苦，遭難；苦楚，苦難sufferern．受難者；患者)·sufferfrom患……??；受……苦·suffer作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意思同experience(體驗(yàn)；經(jīng)歷)，其后可跟pain，defeat，hardship等詞作賓語；sufferfrom中的from表示原因，意為“因……而受苦”。(1)得知我的搭檔得了重病，我非常焦慮，所以我沖向了醫(yī)院。(2022·浙江1月，讀后續(xù)寫)Knowingthatmypartnerwassufferingfromaseriousillness，Iwasburningwithanxiety，soIdartedtowardsthehospital.(2)我的老師感嘆道：“在寫作的過程中，你一定經(jīng)歷過失敗和艱辛。正是這些痛苦使你的意志更加堅(jiān)強(qiáng)?！?2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，讀后續(xù)寫)Myteacherexclaimed，“Intheprocessofwriting，youmusthavesuffereddefeatsandhardships.Itisthesufferingsthatmakeyoumorestrong-willed.”survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸免；幸存；艱難度過；生還；比……活得長(survivorn．幸存者survivaln．幸存；生還)surviveon靠……存活下來survivesth幸免于；從……中活下來AsurvivesB(by＋時(shí)間)A比B活得長(……)(1)ThesurvivorowedhissurvivaltoaTVprogram，whichtaughtwhattosurviveonwhentrappedinthewild.(survive)(2)Althoughtheoldladysufferedfromaseriousillness，shestillsurvivedherhusbandby5years.(3)生活不在于如何從暴風(fēng)雨中幸存，而在于學(xué)會在雨中翩翩起舞。(讀后續(xù)寫之升華句)Lifeisn’tabouthowtosurvivethestorm；it’saboutlearningtodanceintherain.strikevt.&vi.(struck，struck/stricken)擊打；(時(shí)鐘等)敲響；擦(火柴)；撞擊；侵襲；給(某人以……)印象；突然想起n．罷工；罷課；襲擊·bestruckwith/by被……所打動(dòng)/襲擊Itstrikessbthat...某人覺得……；某人突然想起……sthstrikessb某人想到……·onstrike罷工·表示“突然想到”的詞匯還有hit，occurto等。(1)Theworkersarecomingoutonstrikeforhigherwages，whichisashocktothegovernment.(2)我的朋友們都被一只小鳥和它的救命恩人之間的深厚聯(lián)系深深打動(dòng)了。(2023·浙江1月，讀后續(xù)寫)Myfriendswerealldeeplystruckby/withtheprofoundbondbetweenalittlebirdandhersaver.(3)我突然想到一個(gè)好主意，我們可以在即將到來的教師節(jié)送給老師一份手工制作的禮物。Agoodideastruck/hit/occurredtomethatwecouldgiveahandmadegifttoourteacherforthecomingTeachers’Day.→Itstruck/hit/occurredtomethatwecouldgiveahandmadegifttoourteacherforthecomingTeachers’Day.(用it作形式主語改寫)asif引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend！仿佛世界末日即將來臨！·asif/though引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)常放在look，seem等系動(dòng)詞之后。·asif/though可以引導(dǎo)狀語從句，表方式，如果從句所描述的情況是真實(shí)的或極有可能發(fā)生的，從句謂語用陳述語氣；如果從句所描述的情況是不真實(shí)的或極少可能發(fā)生的，從句謂語用虛擬語氣：與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，用一般過去時(shí)(be動(dòng)詞一般用were)；與過去事實(shí)相反，用過去完成時(shí)；與將來事實(shí)相反，用would/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形。(1)Listen，thewhistleofanambulance！Itseemsasifthereis(be)anemergency.(2)Whenapencilispartlyputintowater，itlooksasifitwere(be)broken.(3)Atthebadnews，Maryfrozewithshock，asifrooted(root)totheground.(4)我一走進(jìn)房子，它就發(fā)出了高興的喵喵聲，好像是在告訴我它以前住在這里。ThemomentIsteppedintothehouse，itletoutamewofdelightasif(itwere)tellingmeitpreviouslylivedhere.(擬人表達(dá))用法點(diǎn)撥當(dāng)asif/though引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句時(shí)，如果從句的主語和主句的主語一致，且從句中含有be動(dòng)詞的某種形式，則可以省略從句中的主語和be動(dòng)詞。bedoing...when...Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.當(dāng)時(shí)我和我的三個(gè)孩子正在吃早飯，海水開始灌入屋內(nèi)。句中when用作并列連詞，意為“這時(shí)突然”。when表示“這時(shí)突然”之意，還常用于以下句型：·beabouttodo...when...正要做……突然……·had(just)done...when...剛做完……這時(shí)突然……(1)我們剛從著火的房子里逃出來，房子就倒向地面，我們嚇得魂不附體。(讀后續(xù)寫之恐懼心理描寫)Wehadjustescapedfromtheburninghousewhenitfelltothegroundandwewerefrightenedoutofourwits.(2)手里捧著罐子，我正匆忙上樓梯，突然我的一只腳被樓梯絆住了。我失去了平衡，努力想穩(wěn)住自己，但是沒用。罐子從我的手指間滑落，摔在了堅(jiān)硬的泥土地上。我剛要去撿起碎片，就聽到媽媽的聲音，“發(fā)生了什么事？”(讀后續(xù)寫之片段描寫)Withthejarinmyhands，Iwaswalkingupstairsinahurrywhenoneofmyfeetwascaughtononestair.Losingbalance，Itriedtosteadymyself，butinvain.Thejarslippedthroughmyfingers，andsmashedonthehard-as-rockmudfloor.IwasabouttopickupthepieceswhenIheardmymom’svoice，“What’shappening？”提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯Ⅰ.一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙1．delivereq\x(A.遞送B.生小孩；接生C.發(fā)表演說等)(1)Theprincesshadbeendeliveredofahealthybabyboy，whichmadethehandsomeprincewildwithexcitement.B(2)Thesonofagrocer，he’dspentthesummersofhischildhooddeliveringfoodinBernardsville，NewJersey.(2021·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)A(3)Goodevening，everybody.ProfessorKingwillbedeliveringhislectureinamoment，butletmeintroducehimfirst.(2021·天津3月)C2．a(chǎn)ffecteq\x(A.影響B(tài).感動(dòng)C.疾病侵襲；使感染)(1)Deeplyaffectedbythefilm，wecouldn’tholdbacktears.B(2)Indeed，theresearchersfoundthatface-to-faceinteractionsandconversationsaffectthecreativeprocess.(2021·全國乙)A(3)LearningthatyouareaffectedwithaseriousdiseaseandhavetoreturntoIreland，Iamterriblysorryaboutit.(2020·浙江7月)C3．powereq\x(A.n.權(quán)力B.n.力量，能力C.n.有影響力的大國D.n.電力E.v.推動(dòng)，驅(qū)動(dòng)F.n.統(tǒng)治；政權(quán))(1)Itwasintheyear1843thathecametopowerwithhiswife’sassistance.F(2)Theelectriccar，poweredbythelatestbattery，candrive600milesonasinglecharge.E(3)Thepatientisleftwiththepowertochoosewhathewantstotalkabout.(2021·天津3月)A(4)Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnologytochangelives.(2020·浙江7月)B(5)Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource...alotofenergyislostduringtransmission.(2020·全國Ⅰ)D(6)TheUnitedStatesrosetoglobalpoweronthestrengthofitstechnology，andthelifebloodofthattechnologyhaslongbeenelectricity.(2022·浙江1月)C4．快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加黑詞匯的漢語意思(1)Whenwevisitedtheoldfamilyhome，pastsweetmemoriescamefloodingback.大量涌入(2)Muchofthecoasthasbeenruinedbythetourism.糟蹋，破壞(3)Birdssinginginthetree，thebrightfive-starredflagwavedinthebreeze.飄動(dòng)，起伏(4)Weinerstartseachchapterwithasceneonatrainridebetweencitiesandthenframeseachphilosopher’sworkinthecontextofonethingtheycanhelpusdobetter.(2023·全國甲)背景Ⅱ.核心知識強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語言知識1．Hemadeagreatefforttosavethegirltrapped(trap)intheburninghouse.2．Thiseventwillsupplyyouwithapreciousopportunitytoworkwithexpertsinthisfield.3．Forthousandsofyears，peoplehavetoldfablestoteachalessonortopassonwisdom(wise)．(2023·全國甲)4．Buried(bury)inreadingthelegendofamasterinbasketball，hedidn’tmakeittoschoolontime.5．AsIswept(sweep)upthemess，Iwonderedwhywehadbeenbreakingsomanythingsoverthemonths.(2021·天津3月)6.Comparedwiththosewhoareengagedinmanuallabor，teachersexperiencemorementalsufferings(suffer)．7．ItstruckmethatIwascheatingmyselfbypretendingtoknowwhatIdidn’tknow.8．Thestadiumandthegymlaidinruinsafterthebigfirecausedbycarelesssmoking.9．ShespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifshehadstayed(stay)inAmericaforalongtime.10．Towinanhonourforhiscountry，hedidn’tgiveupevenifhegotinjuredintherace，setting(set)agoodexampletoothers.在2022年8月發(fā)生的重慶山火和2023年1月發(fā)生的瀘定地震中涌現(xiàn)出了很多青年逆行者榜樣，如00后消防員、00后志愿者等。你校正在組織以“WeShouldShouldertheResponsibility”為主題的英語征文活動(dòng)，請你投稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.青年榜樣的突出品質(zhì)；2.呼吁年輕人向他們學(xué)習(xí)。完成句子1．我在網(wǎng)上沖浪時(shí)，一篇關(guān)于00后消防員和00后志愿者的報(bào)道吸引了我的眼球。(bedoing...when)2．在重慶山火和瀘定地震中涌現(xiàn)出了許多00后的榜樣，他們表現(xiàn)出了勇敢和責(zé)任感。(emerge；定語從句)3．在一些人眼中，00后似乎是最叛逆(rebellious)的一代。(asif)4．然而，當(dāng)面對自然災(zāi)害時(shí)，他們冒著生命危險(xiǎn)營救被困在廢墟或洪水中的人們，完全把他們自己的安全拋在了身后。(betrappedinruins；befacedwith；分詞作狀語)5．深受他們故事的影響，我呼吁所有年輕人向他們學(xué)習(xí)，并承擔(dān)起我們的責(zé)任。(beaffectedwith/by；分詞作狀語)組句成篇把以上句子用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞語和過渡句組成一篇80詞左右的短文。參考范文WeShouldShouldertheResponsibilityIwassurfingtheInternetwhenareportaboutpost-00sfirefightersandpost-00svolunteersattractedmyeyes.Thereportshowedthatmanypost-00srolemodelsemergedinthemountainfireinChongqingandtheLudingearthquake，whoshowedtheirbraveryandsenseofresponsibility.Insomepeople’sview，itseemsasifthepost-00swerethemostrebelliousgeneration.However，whenfacedwithnaturaldisasters，theyriskedtheirlivestorescuepeopletrappedinruinsorfloods，totallyleavingtheirsafetybehind.Theyreallyliveuptothesociety’sexpectationanddeserveourrespectandadmiration.Deeplyaffectedbytheirstories，Icallonalltheyoungpeopletolearnfromthemandshoulderourresponsibility，makingourcontributionsasindividuals.教材語料整合亮詞[情感描寫]shock；inshock；calm；affect；effort[動(dòng)作描寫]rescue；flood；trap；bury；damage；destroy；aid；sweepaway；wave；suffer；survive；shelter；strike；deliver美句1.Forseveraldays，thewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell，roseandfell.(重復(fù))2.Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat，anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide，andfishjumpedoutofthewater.(排比)3.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend！(夸張)4.Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt.(夸張)5.Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves.(比喻)6.Tangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.(擬人)7.Slowly，thecitybegantobreatheagain.(擬人)8.Soonafterthequakes，thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.(動(dòng)作描寫)9.TangshancityhasprovedtoChinaandtherestoftheworldthatintimesofdisaster，peoplemustunifyandshowthewisdomtostaypositiveandrebuildforabrighterfuture.(主旨升華)拓展語料積累情感細(xì)節(jié)描寫：恐懼(一)單詞frightenedadj.害怕的→frighteningadj.令人害怕的→frightenv．使害怕；scarev．使害怕→scaredadj.害怕的→scaryadj.驚悚的，嚇人的；panicv．/n.恐慌，害怕→panickedadj.恐慌的；dreadfuladj.可怕的；極壞的；terrible/horrible/awfuladj.可怕的詞塊beinpanic/beseizedwithpanic驚慌失措；one’sthroattightenswithhorror/fear嚇得喉嚨發(fā)緊；bepalewithfright嚇得面無人色；bescaredoutofone’swits嚇得魂不附體；benumb/frozenwithfear嚇呆了；frightenthepantsoffsb把……嚇得屁滾尿流；tremblewithterror/horror嚇得發(fā)抖；bescaredtodeath/halfdeadwithfright嚇得要死；tearsofterror/horror/fear恐懼的淚水；one’sheartbestuckonone’sthroat心卡在嗓子眼句型1.Afloodoffearwelledupinherwhenshewalkedintheemptystreet.(無靈主語句)走在空蕩蕩的街道上，一陣恐懼涌上她的心頭。2.Iwaswanderinginthewoodwhenasnakecameoutandscaredmetodeath.我正在林間散步，突然一條蛇躥了出來，嚇得我半死。3.Ifrozewithterror，tooscaredtomoveaninch.我嚇得呆住了，寸步難行。4.Seeingthebloodyscene，sheuncontrollablyletoutascreamofterrorandfaintedontheground.看到這血腥的一幕，她不受控制地發(fā)出恐懼的尖叫，昏倒在地。5.Theexplosionreallyfrightenedthepantsoffme.爆炸把我嚇壞了。語料運(yùn)用火災(zāi)救援Thefirestartedtospreadalloverthehotel，andpeoplefleeingoutofitintime①werestillingreatpanic.Justatthatmoment，asharpscreamcameoutofthecrowd.Ayoungmother②whowasdeadwithfright(定語從句)criedthatherbabywasstillinthehotelroom.Hearingthat，③afloodoffearwelledupinthecrowd(無靈主語句)，andtheydidn’tknowwhattheycoulddointhatsituation.Theytriedtocomfortthewoman④whohadbeenscaredoutofherwits，butwordsjustfailedthem.Theyalmostlosthopewhenayoungmanquicklyrantothepoolinfrontofthehotel，pouredwateronhisjacketandthenrushedintotheburningroom.Seeingthescene，everyone⑤wasnumbwithfear，wishinghecouldsuccessfullybringthebabyout.⑥Everyone’sheartwasstuckintheirthroatuntiltheyheardsomecryofababy.大火開始蔓延到整個(gè)酒店，及時(shí)逃離的人們?nèi)匀环浅？只?。就在這時(shí)，人群中傳來一聲尖銳的尖叫。一位嚇壞了的年輕母親哭著說她的孩子還在酒店房間里。聽到這句話，人群中涌起一陣恐懼，他們不知道在這種情況下能怎么辦。他們試圖安慰那個(gè)被嚇得魂不附體的女人，卻不知道說什么。一個(gè)年輕人迅速跑到酒店前的游泳池，把水倒在夾克上，然后沖進(jìn)著火的房間時(shí)，他們幾乎失去了希望。看到這一幕，所有人都嚇得麻木了，希望他能成功把孩子抱出來。每個(gè)人的心都卡在嗓子眼里，直到他們聽到了嬰兒的哭聲。高考題型組合練Ⅰ.閱讀理解A★Asashiftinthepolarvortex(極地渦旋)sweptacrossmuchoftheUS，manypeopleinthecountrywerehitwithasuddensnapofcold.Heavyiceandsnowcoupledwithfallentreescausedtheoutagesinmajorcities，withcompaniesunabletotelltheircustomerswhenpowerwillberestored.Polarvorticeswerenoticedlongago.Butthefirstknownuseoftheterm“polarvortex”wasinamagazinein1853.Polarvorticesarepresentyear-round，butwedon’thearaboutthemuntiltheycauseproblems.TheymaintainfreezingtemperaturesattheNorthandSouthPolesbymovingintightcounterclockwisepatterns.Polarvorticesgrowstrongerinwinterandweakeninsummer.Theyarekeptinplaceatthepolesbyanotheratmosphericcurrentcalledthejetstream.However，whenthejetstreamsweaken，thecoldwindsofthepolarvortexarepushedsouthwardsanditisduringthistimethatpeoplebegintopayattention!InTexas，roadsfrozeover，causingsixtrafficdeaths，andmanyschoolswereshutdown.PeoplearenottheonlyEarthlingstostrugglewiththecold.Cropsandanimalsarealsofreezing.Thiscouldhavemajorconsequences，especiallyifherdsofcattledie.Ifsnowblockscattle，theanimalscan’treachbasicnecessitieslikefoodandfreshwater.Onabrighternote，someTexascitiesweremorepreparedthanothers，forinstance，Amarillo，whichislocatedinNorthTexas，sotheyaremoreaccustomedtocoldertemperatures.Amarilloisnotablebecausethecitywasredesignedtostanduptoseverewinterstorms.Officialshavespreadoutfirestationstoincreasecoverageoffirstresponders，employedmodifieddumptrucksforclearingice，andupgradedciviccenterstoprovideshelterduringstorms.Hopefully，otherTexascitieswillfollowthegoodexamplesetbyAmarillo!語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。極地渦旋會給人類的生命、財(cái)產(chǎn)帶來巨大的威脅，但是好在人類已發(fā)現(xiàn)有效措施積極應(yīng)對。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“outages”refertoinparagraph1?A．Trafficjams. B．Powerstruggles.C．Powercuts. D．Trafficaccidents.答案C解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后的“withcompaniesunabletotelltheircustomerswhenpowerwillberestored”可知，outages意為“斷電”。故選C。2．Whatcanwelearnaboutpolarvortices?A．Theygrowstrongerinsummer.B．Theyareaffectedbyjetstreams.C．Theywerefirstobservedin1853.D．Theymoveinaclockwisedirection.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句“Theyarekeptinplaceatthepolesby...However，whenthejetstreamsweaken，thecoldwindsofthepolarvortexarepushed...！”可知，極渦會受到急流的影響。故選B。3．Whatisthelastbutoneparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thedefinitionofthepolarvortex.B．Thecharacteristicsofthepolarvortex.C．Thewaystodealwiththepolarvortex.D．Theseriousimpactmadebythepolarvortex.答案D解析段落大意題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“InTexas，roadsfrozeover，causingsixtrafficdeaths，andmanyschoolswereshutdown...Cropsandanimalsarealsofreezing...”可知，倒數(shù)第二段主要講的是極地渦旋造成的嚴(yán)重影響。故選D。4．WhyisAmarillostriking?A．BecauseitislocatedinthenorthofTexas.B．Becauseithasbeenupgradedandmodernized.C．Becauseithasbeenregardedasanexampletoothercities.D．Becauseithastakeneffectivemeasurestoresistwinterstorms.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二、三句“Amarilloisnotablebecausethecitywasredesignedto...toprovideshelterduringstorms.”可知，阿馬里洛引人注目是因?yàn)樗巡扇∮行Т胧?yīng)對冬季風(fēng)暴。故選D。BWhatisthe15-minutecity？It’stheurbanplanningconceptthateverythingcityresidentsneedshouldbeashortwalkorbikerideaway—about15minutesfromhometowork，shopping，entertainment，restaurants，schools，parksandhealthcare.Supportersarguethat15-minutecitiesarehealthierforresidentsandtheenvironment，creatingunitedmini-communities，boostinglocalbusinesses，andencouragingpeopletogetoutsidewalk，andcycle.ManycitiesacrossEuropeoffersimilarideas，butParishasbecomeitsposterchild.MayorAnneHidalgohassoughttofightclimatechangebydecreasingchokingtrafficinthestreetsandfuelemissions.In2015，Pariswas17thonthelistofbike-friendlycities;by2019，itwas8th.Carownership，meanwhile，droppedfrom60percentofhouseholdsin2001to35percentin2019.The15-minutecityfiguredlargelyinHidalgo’ssuccessful2020re-electioncampaign.TheideahasalsogainedsupportintheU．S.Itclearlywon’tworkeverywhere：NoteverycityisascentralizedandwalkableasParis.Somecar-dominatedcitieslikeLosAngelesandPhoenixwouldbehard-pressedtoprovideeverythingpeopleneedwithinwalkingdistance.Inaddition，someurbanplannersarguethatthe15-minutecitycouldincreasetheseparationofneighborhoodsbyincome.Neighborhoodsequippedwithalltheconveniencesrequiredbythe15-minutecityalsotendtohavehighhousingcostsandwealthierresidents.Despitesomeresistance，thebasicprinciplesbehindthe15-minutecityareinfluencingplanningincitiesaroundtheworld，includingMelbourne，Barcelona，BuenosAires，Singapore，andShanghai.UrbandesignerandthinkerJayPittersayscitieswherebasicneedsarewithinwalkingdistancecreatemoreindividualfreedomthanneedingtodriveeverywhere.“Inacitywhereservicesarealwayscloseby，”hesays，“mobilityisachoice：Yougowhereyouwantbecauseyouwantto，notbecauseyouhaveto.Myfightisnotagainstthecar.Myfightishowwecouldimprovethequalityoflife.”語篇解讀這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了15分鐘城市的理念以及人們對該理念的不同觀點(diǎn)。5．Whichbestdescribesthe15-minutecity?A．Modern. B．Smart.C．Entertaining. D．Convenient.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Whatisthe15-minutecity...towork，shopping，entertainment，restaurants，schools，parksandhealthcare.”可推知，Convenient“便利”最能描述出15分鐘城市的特點(diǎn)，故選D。6．What’stheoriginalintentionforParistoadvocatethe15-minutecity?A．Toaddressclimateissues.B．Tobeautifythecity.C．Topromotethebikeindustry.D．TohelpHidalgogetre-elected.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“...butParishasbecomeitsposterchild.MayorAnneHidalgohassoughttofightclimatechangebydecreasingchokingtrafficinthestreetsand