高三英語專題限時復(fù)習(xí)題35

專題限時訓(xùn)練(二十三)[新聞報道型閱讀理解](限時：每篇7分鐘)(一)MITresearchersandtheircolleaguesareworkingtofindoutwhetherenergyfromtreescanpoweranetworkofsensors(傳感器)topreventspreadingforestfires.Whattheylearncouldalsoraisethepossibilityofusingtreesassilentguardsalongthenation’sborderstodiscoverpotentialthreatssuchassmuggled(走私的)radioactivematerials.TheU．S.ForestServicecurrentlypredictsandtracksfireswithavarietyoftools,includingremoteautomaticweatherstations.Butthesestationsareexpensiveandsparsely(稀疏地)distributed.Additionalsensorscouldsavetreesbyprovidingbetterlocalclimatedatatobeusedinfirepredictionmodelsandearlierwarnings.However,rechargingorreplacingbatteriesbyhandatveryhard-to-reachlocationsmakesitimpracticalandcostly.Thenewsensorsystemseekstoavoidthisproblembydevelopingtreesintoaself-sustainingpowersupply.Eachsensorisequippedwithabatterythatcanbeslowlyrechargedusingelectricityproducedbythetree.“Asingletreedoesn’tgeneratealotofpower,butovertimethetrickle(細流)chargeaddsup,justlike________”saidShuguangZhang,oneoftheresearchersontheprojectandtheassociatedirectoroftheMIT’sCenterforBiomedicalEngineering(CBE)．Thesystemproducesenoughelectricitytoallowthetemperatureandhumiditysensorstowirelesslysendoutsignalsfourtimesaday,orimmediatelyifthere’safire.Eachsignalspreadsfromonesensortoanother,untilitreachesanexistingweatherstationthatsendsthedatabysatellitetoaforestrycommandcenterinBoise,Scientistshavelongknownthattreescanproduceextremelysmallamountsofelectricity.Butnooneknewexactlyhowtheenergywasproducedorhowtotakeadvantageofthepower.()1.Whatarethedisadvantagesoftheremoteautomaticweatherstations?a.Theycosttoomuch.b.Theyareofpoorquality.c.Theyarenotenough.d.Theycan’treachremoteplaces.A．a(chǎn),bB．b,dC．a(chǎn),cD．b,c()2.Whichofthefollowingisthebestsentencetofillintheblank?A．Farwaterdoesnotputoutnearfire.B．Allriversrunintosea.C．Manyalittlemakesamickle.D．Itneverrainsbutitpours.C．TreepowerindailylifeD．Developingnewenergy(二)ThecrisisatJapan’sFukushimaDai-Ichinuclearenergycenterhasraisedquestionsaboutthefutureofthenuclearenergyindustry.ArjunMakhijaniispresidentoftheInstituteforEnergyandEnvironmentalResearchintheUnitedStates.HesaysthedisasterinJapanisThisweek,thechairmanofAmerica’snuclearagencysaidthereislittlechancethatharmfulradiationfromJapancouldreachtheUnitedStates.NuclearRegulatoryCommissionChairmanGregoryJaczkoalsosaidAmericahasastrongprograminplacetodealwithearthquakethreats.NonewnuclearpowercentershavebeenbuiltintheUnitedStatessince1979.ThatwaswhenAmerica’sworstnuclearaccidenthappenedattheThreeMileIslandcenterinPennsylvania.TheaccidentbegantoturnpublicopinionagainstTosupportmorecleanenergyproduction,theObamagovernmenthasbeenseekingbillionsofdollarsingovernmentloanguaranteestobuildnewcenters.Presently,abouttwentypercentofelectricityintheUnitedStatescomesfromnuclearenergy.ButcriticssaynuclearpoweristoocostlyanddangeroustobeworthfurtherGermanprimeministerAngelaMerkelsaidGermanywouldcloseallsevennuclearpowercentersforamomentwhileenergypolicyisreconsidered.TheEuropeanUnionisplanningtotestallcentersinitstwenty-sevenmembernations.Developingnationsarelesswillingtoslownuclearexpansion.Chinasaiditwouldcontinuewithplanstobuildabouttwenty-fivenewnuclearplants.AndIndia,underacooperationagreementwiththeUnitedStates,planstospendbillionsonnewcentersinthecomingJapanhasmadenuclearenergyanationalprioritysincethe1970s.Unlikemanymajoreconomies,Japanimportseightypercentofitsenergy.TheNuclearEnergyInstitutesaidtwenty-ninepercentofJapan’selectricitycamefromnuclearsourcesin2011.Thegovernmentplannedtoincreasethattofortypercentby2017.Nuclearplantssupplyfourteenpercentofglobalelectricity.Nuclearenergyisacleanresource,producingnocarbongases.Butradioactivewasteisaseriousunresolved(未解決的)issue.So_is_the_presence_of_nuclear_power_centers_in_earthquake_areas_like_the_one_near_Bushehr,_Iran.()6.Whichofthefollowingcountriesistheleastlikelytoexpanditsuseofnuclearenergy?A．China.B．India.C．Iran.D．Germany.()7.ThegovernmentofJapanintendedtoincreaseitsnuclearenergyin2017by________comparedwith2011.A．29%B．40%C．69%D．11%()8.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheuseofnuclearpowerintheU．S.isTRUE?A．MostoftheelectricitycomesfromnuclearenergyintheU．S.B．TheObamagovernmentisagainstbuildingnuclearpowerplants.C．Asmallnumberofnuclearpowerplantshavebeenbuiltsince1979.D．AseriousnuclearaccidenthappenedinAmericaattheendofthe1970s.()9.What’sthemainideaofthispassage?A．ThenuclearcrisisinJapanhasspreadtootherpartsoftheworld.B．Thesituationoftheworld’snuclearpowerdevelopmentafterthecrisisinJapan.C．Japan’snucleardisasterwillslowtheexpansionofnuclearplantsallovertheworld.D．Japan’snucleardisasterwon’taffectthenuclearenergyproductioninothercountries.()10.Fromthelastsentenceofthepassage,wecanseethewriter’sattitudetowardsbuildinganuclearpowerplantnearBushehr,IranA．supportiveB．optimisticC．negative D．uncertain(三)Fouroutoftenwomenwhodietendupheavierthanwhentheystartedwatchingtheirwaistline(腰圍),astudyrevealedtoday.Theresearchalsoshowedthatalargepercentageofwomenstartednoticingthepoundscreepingbackonjust21daysafterreachingtheiridealweight.Yesterday,DrIanCampbelloftheJennyCraigWeightManagementProgramsaid:“IntheUK61.4percentofadultsareoverweightorobese.Successfulweightmanagementrequiresalong-termcommitmentinordertoloseweightsuccessfullyandforgood.Dietingcanbearealchallengesosettingrealisticgoalsandremainingfocusedonthemisimportant.Otherwiseasthisresearchshows,womencouldendupheavierthanwhentheystarted.”The“Food,Body,Mind”reportwaspublicizedbyJennyCraigwhoquizzed2,000womenagedbetween18and65whodietregularlyontheirattitudes,beliefsandbehaviorsaroundweightloss.Sixintensaidtheywereonadietthenandoneinfivewomensaidtheywereona“continuousdiet”．Itfoundthemostcommontriggerstostartdietingwasseeingtheir“reflectioninthemirror”，preparingforasummerholidayorunflatteringphotospostedonsocialnetworkingsites.Otherpopularreasonsincludecommentsbyfriendsorrelativesortheirotherhalf.However,thestudyshowedthatoneintengiveupwithinoneday,whilealmostafifthmanagetomakeittoaweekormore.Theaverageistendays.Manyblamedpressuretheyputonthemselvestoloseweighttooquicklyfortheweightgain,whichleavesthemwithabiggerappetitethannormal.Othersblamedcolleagues,whotuckintofattylunchesandsnacksunawareoftheeffectithasonthedieter,whilemothers’polishingofftheirchildren’sleftovers(剩飯)wasanothercommoncauseofweightgain.()11.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthisarticle?A．Threereasonstofailindieting B．ImportantthingsforsuccessfuldietC．Obesity—aproblemfor61.4%adultsintheUK D．Fourintenwomengainweightondiets()12.Womenwhogoonadiet________.A．a(chǎn)realloverweightorobeseB．a(chǎn)relikelytogainweightagainafterreachingtheiridealweightC．a(chǎn)llfailbecausetheyarenotpersistentenoughD．a(chǎn)llendupheavierthanwhentheystarttodiet()13.Theunderlinedword“triggers”inParagraph4probablymeans________.A．effectsB．examples C．causes D．imagination()14.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonthatmanypeoplequitdietingverysoon?A．Thepressuretheyputonthemselvestoloseweightquickly.B．Colleagueswhogivethemfattylunchesandsnacks.C．Reflectionstheyseeinthemirror.D．Leftoversofchildren’stakenbytheirmothers.()15.Inwhichcolumnofthenewspaperdoyouprobablyfindthepassage?A．Health.B．Economy. C．Sports. D．Education.專題限時訓(xùn)練(二十三)(一)本文是一篇新聞報道，介紹了科學(xué)家的發(fā)現(xiàn)：樹能為預(yù)防森林火災(zāi)的傳感器供電。1．C細節(jié)理解題。文章第三段提到的美國森林服務(wù)機構(gòu)現(xiàn)在所采用的工具和方法花費高、分布少。如增加傳感器，邊遠地區(qū)無法充電或換電池，故選C項。2．C推理判斷題。根據(jù)上下文可知此處為積少成多的含義。故答案C適合。A遠水救不了近火；B海納百川；D不雨則已，一雨傾盆。3．D細節(jié)理解題。第四段中研究人員指出，一棵樹產(chǎn)生不了多少能量，但隨著時間的推移，細小的能量會不斷增加，就像不斷滴水的水龍頭也能滴滿一桶水一樣，D項理解正確。4．B推理判斷題。文章最后一段最后一句提到?jīng)]人確切地知道樹是怎么產(chǎn)生能量或人們?nèi)绾卫眠@些能量，因而，下文會就此展開論述，故選B項。5．A主旨大意題。文章第一段就點明主題：如何利用樹所產(chǎn)生的能量預(yù)防森林火災(zāi)，A項概括了文章的主旨。(二)本文為新聞。主要報道各國的核能使用狀況及相關(guān)態(tài)度。6．D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段GermanprimeministerAngelaMerkelsaidGermanywouldcloseallsevennuclearpowercentersforamomentwhileenergypolicyisreconsidered.可知德國將暫時關(guān)閉七座核電站，故選D。7．D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段TheNuclearEnergyInstitutesaidtwenty-ninepercentofJapan’selectricitycamefromnuclearsourcesin2011.Thegovernmentplannedtoincreasethattofortypercentby2017.可推斷選D(40%－29%＝11%)。8．D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段NonewnuclearpowercentershavebeenbuiltintheUnitedStatessince1979.ThatwaswhenAmerica’sworstnuclearaccidenthappenedattheThreeMileIslan