安徽省宿州市十三所重點(diǎn)中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考試題含解析

PAGEPAGE26安徽省宿州市十三所重點(diǎn)中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考試題（含解析）第一部分聽力第一節(jié)（共5小題）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatprobablyisthewoman?A.Ateacher.B.Adoctor.C.Ashopassistant.2.Howlongcanthebooksbekeptatmostwithalibrarycard?A.Twoweeks.B.Threeweeks.C.Tenweeks.3.Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Clear.4.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthecinema?A.Wonderful.B.Interesting.C.Relaxing.5.Howdoesthemanloseweight?A.Byliftingweights.B.Bydrinkinglessbeer.C.Byworkinginthegym.其次節(jié)（共15小題）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘，聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Afootballmatch.B.Atennismatch.C.Aweekendplan.7.Whenwillthewomangototheman'splace?A.Atabout1:30.B.Atabout2:00.C.Atabout2:30.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whyisthemannotgoinghome?AHeisbusy.B.Helacksmoney.C.Hewantstotravel.9.Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.Holdparties.B.Visitthewoman'shome.C.Invitethewomantohishome.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inthelab.C.Intheclassroom.11.WhendidthewomanbegintolearnSpanish?A.Inhighschool.B.Attheuniversity.C.AftershemovedtoEurope.12.WhathelpedthewomanmostinlearningSpanishandFrench?A.Studyingintheuniversity.B.TravelinginSpainandFrance.C.WatchingTVorlisteningtotheradio.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Howlonghasthemanbeencooking?A.Sincehewasakid.B.Forthelast20years.C.Sincehewas20yearsold.14.Whatdoesthemanthinkimportantaboutmakingfriends?A.Language.B.Eatingtogether.C.Havingsomethingincommon.15.Accordingtotheman,wherewouldbeagoodplacetoeatbeef?A.TheUS.B.FinlandC.China.16.Whatdoesthemanprobablyuseinhisdishes?A.Expensivespices.B.Localingredients.C.Complicatedsauces.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whywas911chosenasanemergencynumber?A.Thenumberswerelucky.B.Itwaseasytomemorize.C.Ithadbeenusedformanyyears.18.Whenwasthefirst911callcreated?A.In1968.B.In1986.C.In1999.19.WhatistheemergencynumberinBritain?A.911.B.999.C.119.20.Inwhatcasescanyoucall911?A.Whenyourfingersgetburnt.B.Whenyouwanttomakeajoke.C.Whenyouwanttoseewhatmighthappen.其次部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)（共15小題）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AOnlineFireSafetyClassNATIONALLYRECOGNIZEDThisonlineFireSafetyClasshasbeendesignedtopresenttopicsrelevanttotheOccupationalSafetyandHealthAdministration(OSHA)trainingrequirement.EASILYACCESSIBLEOurFireSafetyClassis100%onlineandself-paced,whichallowsyoutostartandstopatanytimeandasoftenasnecessarytoadjustyourschedule.ThecoursecanalsobetakenonanydevicethathasaccesstotheInternet:DesktopcomputersLaptopcomputersTabletsSmartphonesYoucanevenstartononedeviceandcontinueonanother!GUARANTEED(保證)ACCEPTANCEYourFireSafetyClasscertificate(證書)comesbackedbya100%money-backguarantee.Ifyourcertificateisnotacceptedforanyreason,contactusandletusknow.Wewillrefundyouthefullpriceofthecourse.LOWESTPRICEGUARANTEEStartingatonly$25,weofferthelowestpricewithabsolutelynohiddenfees;guaranteed!CoursedurationTotalpriceStartnow1hour$25StartyourI-hourcoursenow3hour$35Startyour3-hourcoursenow5hour$40Startyour5-hourcoursenowThebuyingprocessisstraightforwardandsimple:youneverneedtospeakwithasalespersonandyoucanregisterandgetstartedrightnowentirelyonyourown.1.Wherecanyoutaketheclass?A.OnTV. B.Ontheradio.C.Oncomputers. D.Onanyphone.2.Ifyoutakethe5-hourclassandyoufailit,howmuchwouldyoupay?A.$0 B.$25 C.$35 D.$403.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Youcantaketheclassonlyonafixeddevice.B.Youcangetyourmoneybackifyougetthecertificate.C.Youshouldcontactasalesmanbeforebuyingthecourse.D.Youcansuityourownlearningprocesswhiletakingtheclass【答案】1.C2.D3.D【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)消防平安課程的一些基本狀況?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“OnlineFireSafetyClass”和第一段“ThisonlineFireSafetyClasshasbeendesignedtopresent…”可知，因?yàn)槭蔷W(wǎng)絡(luò)課程，你可以在電腦上上這門課程。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)價(jià)格表格中的Courseduration(課程持續(xù)時(shí)間)5hour和Totalprice(總價(jià)格)$40可知，假如你上了5個(gè)小時(shí)的課卻掛科了，需支付40美元。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四行“OurFireSafetyClassis100%onlineandself-paced,whichallowsyoutostartandstopatanytimeandasoftenasnecessarytoadjustyourschedule.(我們的消防平安課程是100%在線和自我進(jìn)度，這允許您起先和停止在任何時(shí)間，并常常作為必要的調(diào)整您的時(shí)辰表)”可知，選項(xiàng)A.Youcantaketheclassonlyonafixeddevice.(你只能在固定設(shè)備上上課)錯(cuò)誤，選項(xiàng)D.Youcansuityourownlearningprocesswhiletakingtheclass.(你可以依據(jù)自己的學(xué)習(xí)過程選擇合適的課程)正確；依據(jù)GUARANTEED(保證)ACCEPTANCE中“Ifyourcertificateisnotacceptedforanyreason,contactusandletusknow.Wewillrefundyouthefullpriceofthecourse.(假如您的證書因任何緣由不被接受，請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系并讓我們知道。我們將全額退還您的課程費(fèi)用)”可知，選項(xiàng)B.Youcangetyourmoneybackifyougetthecertificate.(假如您拿到證書，就可以拿回您的錢)錯(cuò)誤；依據(jù)最終一行“youneverneedtospeakwithasalesperson(你恒久不須要和銷售人員交談)”可知，選項(xiàng)C.Youshouldcontactasalesmanbeforebuyingthecourse.(你應(yīng)當(dāng)在購(gòu)買課程之前聯(lián)系一下銷售人員)錯(cuò)誤；由此可知，選項(xiàng)D描述正確。故選D。B"I'mready"saidAlyssaCarson,a17-year-oldastronaut-in-trainingfromBatonRouge,Louisiana.Forher,ridingthemostaggressiverollercoasterintheparkisnotabigdeal.Ifallgoesaccordingtoherplans,NASAwillsendhertoMarsin2033,makingherthefirsthumantostepfootontheplanet.Shewillspendtwotothreeyearsdoingsomethingonit,suchasgrowingfood,performingscienceexperiments,andsearchingforsignsoflife.She'sdevotedherentirelifetopreparingforthisjourney.Herloveforspacestartedwhenshewas3yearsoldandwatchedacartooncalledTheBackyardigans.Fiveanimalpalsgoonimaginaryadventuresintheirbackyardincludinginonepart,amissiontoMars."Ithought"Thisredplanetissocool',"shesaid,"Istartedwatchingvideosofrovers"landingonMars."At7,herfathertookhertospacecampinHuntsville,Alabama."Igottoseealife-sizerocket."Shecherishedtherocketsomuchthatshereturned18times.Attheageof12,shebecamethefistpersoninhistorytoattendallthreeNASAspacecampsinHuntsville,Alabama;Quebec,Canada;andIzmir,Turkey.Atfirstshemasteredthebasicsofspaceandhowhumanshaveexploreditthroughouttime.Asshegotoldershesimulated（模擬）missions,tryingtoreachadestinationingravity-free,weightlesszones.Whenshewas9,shemetNASAastronautSandraMagnus.Theexperiencedexplorertoldhershewasheragewhenshedecidedtogotospace.AtthatmomentAlyssaknewherloveofspacewasnotapassinghobby."Ididthesamethingasotherkids,likeswitchingmymindaboutcareers,wantingtobeateacherorthepresidentoneday,"shesaid."ButthewayIalwaysthoughtaboutitwasIwouldbecomeanastronaut,gotoMars,comeback,andthenbeateacherorthepresident."4.WhatmadeAlyssastartherspacedream?A.Herjoyatacartoon. B.Herlovefortherocket.C.Hervisittoaspacecamp. D.Herdevotiontothejourney.5.WhatdoweknowaboutAlyssa?A.SheisthefirsthumantolandonMars.B.Shelovesperformingscienceexperiments.C.Shemakesfullpreparationsforthemission.DShehasgreatinterestinridingrollercoasters.6.WhatdoAlyssa'swordsinthelastparagraphshow?A.Careerchoiceinspireshertoworkhard.B.Spacedreamsgiveheracleardirection.C.Spacetravelbringshermaterialrewards.D.Spaceexperiencesencouragehertolookfornewjobs.7.Wherecanweprobablyreadthispassage?A.Inahealthreport. B.Inanewsmagazine.C.Inatravelguidebook. D.Inasciencefiction【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.B【解析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了將第一個(gè)登上火星的宇航員AlyssaCarson。【4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段“Herloveforspacestartedwhenshewas3yearsoldandwatchedacartooncalledTheBackyardigans.Fiveanimalpalsgoonimaginaryadventuresintheirbackyardincludinginonepart,amissiontoMars."Ithought"Thisredplanetissocool',"shesaid,"Istartedwatchingvideosofrovers"landingonMars.(她對(duì)太空的酷愛始于3歲時(shí)，她看了一部名為《后院奇緣》的動(dòng)畫片。五個(gè)動(dòng)物摯友在他們的后院進(jìn)行想象的冒險(xiǎn)，其中一部分，火星任務(wù)?！拔矣X得‘這個(gè)紅色星球太酷了’，”她說，“我起先看漫游者在火星上著陸的視頻。”)”可知，看動(dòng)畫片時(shí)的樂趣讓AlyssaCarson起先了她的太空夢(mèng)。故選A。【5題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段“She'sdevotedherentirelifetopreparingforthisjourney.(她的一生都在為這次旅行做打算。)”可知，AlyssaCarson為這次任務(wù)做了充分的打算。故選C?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終一段“AtthatmomentAlyssaknewherloveofspacewasnotapassinghobby."Ididthesamethingasotherkids,likeswitchingmymindaboutcareers,wantingtobeateacherorthepresidentoneday,"shesaid."ButthewayIalwaysthoughtaboutitwasIwouldbecomeanastronaut,gotoMars,comeback,andthenbeateacherorthepresident."(在那一刻，Alyssa知道她對(duì)太空的酷愛不是一時(shí)的愛好。她說：“我和其他孩子做了同樣的事情，比如變更職業(yè)想法，想有一天成為一名老師或總統(tǒng)?！薄暗乙郧暗南敕ㄊ?，我要成為一名宇航員，去火星，然后回來(lái)，然后成為一名老師或總統(tǒng)?！?”可知，Alyssa的目標(biāo)特別明確——肯定要登上太空，一切要為太空夢(mèng)讓路，也就是說，太空夢(mèng)給了她一個(gè)明確的方向。故選B。【7題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了將第一個(gè)登上火星的宇航員AlyssaCarson。所以本文是一篇人物介紹，從而推斷出，我們最有可能在新聞雜志上讀到本文。故選B。CSmartphoneshavebeenblamedforeverythingfromtakingdrivers'attentionfromdrivingtokeepingpeopleonthesofascrolling（滾屏）videos.Butthesmartphonethatseemstobeeverywherecouldjusteasilyincreasephysicalactivityifitpushesitsowner'sbuttonsintherightway.Newresearchshowsthatmakingsocialconnections（人際關(guān)系）throughactivity-trackingappsgetspeopletomovemore.Andanotherstudyonthe"PokemonGo"phenomenonshowsthatthesmartphonegamesgotplayerstotakethousandsmorestepsthanusual.Together,thestudiesshowthepotential（潛在性）ofsmartphonestopusharangeofpeopletobemoreactive.Peoplewholinkedwithfriendsontheactivity-trackingappincreasetheirstepsby400adayonaverage,comparedwithpeoplewhomadenosocialconnections,accordingtoTimAlthoffandtwoothercomputerscientistsatStanfordUniversity.Suchopinionsshowthepossibilitiesofsmartphonesandgamestohelpwithoneofthemoststubbornpublichealthproblems-thatevenpeoplewhowanttobeactivehavetroublestayingactive.AnNBAvideogame,forexample,willgiveplayersextrapowersinthegameiftheyreachastepgoalinreallife.Theapp"Zomies,Run!"usesaudiostoriestopushpeopletorunmore.Still,thereisroomforgrowth:Onlyabout4%ofallhealthappsuse"gamification",suchaspoint-scoringorcompetition,accordingtoastudypublishedinOctoberinBMJOpen."Gamificationisactuallyquitecloselylinkedwithbehaviorchangetechniques,"saysDr.ElizabethAnnEdwards,thestudy'sleadauthor.8.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph1probablymean?A.Impresssuccessfully. B.Listcompletely.C.Directprofessionally. D.Functionproperly.9.Howdoestheauthorprovethebenefitsofsmartphones?A.Bylistingsomeresearchresults. B.Byraisingsomepotentialquestions.C.Byanalyzingsomehealthproblems. D.Byexplainingsomesocialconnections.10.Accordingtothetext,whoaremorelikelytoexercisemore?A.Peoplewhoplaysmartphonegames. B.Peoplewhowatchvideosonthesofa.C.Peoplewhomakenosocialconnections. D.Peoplewhohavetroublestayingactive.11.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Tosummarizethepreviousparagraphs. B.Toprovidesomeadviceforthereaders.C.Tointroduceanewtopicfordiscussion. D.Toaddmoreinformationaboutthetopic.【答案】8.D9.A10.A11.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章講解并描述了，智能手機(jī)在很多方面受到人們的指責(zé)，但智能手機(jī)運(yùn)用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑?，還是有利于人們的熬煉的，比如"PokemonGo"智能手機(jī)嬉戲讓玩家比平常多走了數(shù)千步，而"Zomies,Run!"運(yùn)用音頻故事推動(dòng)人們跑得更多或跑得更快。【8題詳解】詞句揣測(cè)題。由其次段中的“Andanotherstudyonthe"PokemonGo"phenomenonshowsthatthesmartphonegamesgotplayerstotakethousandsmorestepsthanusual.”另一項(xiàng)關(guān)于“口袋妖怪”現(xiàn)象的探討表明，智能手機(jī)嬉戲讓玩家比平常多走了幾千步。所以推斷出，好像無(wú)處不在的智能手機(jī)只要按對(duì)了主子的按鍵，就很簡(jiǎn)潔增加體力活動(dòng)。），可知只要按對(duì)了主子的按鍵，智能手機(jī)就可以增加體力活動(dòng)，即增加（人身體的）功能，physicalactivityifitpushesitsowner'sbuttonsintherightway在此處意為“Functionproperly”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。由其次段“Newresearchshowsthatmakingsocialconnections（人際關(guān)系）throughactivity-trackingappsgetspeopletomovemore.Andanotherstudyonthe"PokemonGo"phenomenonshowsthatthesmartphonegamesgotplayerstotakethousandsmorestepsthanusual.Together,thestudiesshowthepotential（潛在性）ofsmartphonestopusharangeofpeopletobemoreactive.”（新的探討表明，通過活動(dòng)跟蹤應(yīng)用程序建立社交關(guān)系可以讓人們活動(dòng)得更多。另一項(xiàng)關(guān)于“PokemonGo”現(xiàn)象的探討表明，智能手機(jī)嬉戲讓玩家比平常多走了幾千步。這些探討共同表明，智能手機(jī)有可能促使一些人變得更加活躍。），可知作者通過列舉一些探討成果證明智能手機(jī)的好處。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。由其次段中的“Andanotherstudyonthe"PokemonGo"phenomenonshowsthatthesmartphonegamesgotplayerstotakethousandsmorestepsthanusual.”（另一項(xiàng)關(guān)于“PokemonGo”現(xiàn)象的探討表明，智能手機(jī)嬉戲讓玩家比平常多走了幾千步。）和第四段中的“AnNBAvideogame,forexample,willgiveplayersextrapowersinthegameiftheyreachastepgoalinreallife.Theapp"Zomies,Run!"usesaudiostoriestopushpeopletorunmore.”（例如，一個(gè)NBA的電子嬉戲，假如玩家在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中達(dá)到了一個(gè)階段性的目標(biāo)，就會(huì)在嬉戲中給予他們額外的力氣。應(yīng)用程序“僵尸，快跑！”運(yùn)用音頻故事來(lái)推動(dòng)人們跑得更多。），可知，PokemonGo智能手機(jī)嬉戲讓玩家比平常多走了幾千步，在“Zomies,Run!”中假如玩家想在嬉戲中有額外的力氣，玩家須要在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中跑到肯定階段，說明玩智能手機(jī)嬉戲的人更簡(jiǎn)潔熬煉。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理推斷題。由最終一段“Still,thereisroomforgrowth:Onlyabout4%ofallhealthappsuse"gamification",suchaspoint-scoringorcompetition,accordingtoastudypublishedinOctoberinBMJOpen."Gamificationisactuallyquitecloselylinkedwithbehaviorchangetechniques,"saysDr.ElizabethAnnEdwards,thestudy'sleadauthor.”（盡管如此，仍有增長(zhǎng)的空間：依據(jù)10月份發(fā)表在BMJOpen上的一項(xiàng)探討，只有約4%的健康應(yīng)用程序運(yùn)用“嬉戲化”，如積分或競(jìng)爭(zhēng)?！版覒蚧聦?shí)上與行為變更技術(shù)有著特別親密的聯(lián)系，”該探討的主要作者ElizabethAnnEdwards博士說。），可知本段講解并描述了健康應(yīng)用程序“嬉戲化”的狀況，添加有關(guān)主題的更多信息。故選D項(xiàng)。DScientistssaytheyhavefoundoutachemicalproducedbylocusts（蝗蟲）thatcausestheinsectstojointogetherinhugeswarms（群）.Ontheirown,locustsaremostlyharmless.Butinlargeswarms,theycanbeextremelydestructive.Thenewfindingcouldleadtonewmethodstopreventlocustsfromjoiningswarmstodestroyhugeareasofcrops.ArecentstudypublishedinNatureidentifiesapheromonebelievedtoberesponsiblefortheinsect’sswarmingbehavior.Apheromoneisachemicalitemproducedbyananimalthatinfluencesthebehaviorofanotheranimalofthesamekind.Thepheromone,knownas4VA,wasfoundintheworld’smostwidespreadkindoflocust,themigratorylocust.Itpowerfullydrewlocustsofbothsexesandallages,theresearchfound.Anditwasproducedwhenasfewasfourtofivelocustscametogether.LeadresearcherLeKangiswiththeChineseAcademyofSciences’InstituteofZoology.HetoldReutersnewsagencythatmigratorylocustsaresowidespreadanddangerous,theyrepresent"aseriousthreattoagricultureworldwide."Kangsaidfurtherresearchwillbeneededtofindoutif4VAexistsinotherspecies,suchasthedesertlocust.Kangsaidachemicalcouldbedevelopedtoblock4VA’seffectstopreventswarming.Aman-madeversionofthepheromonemightalsobedevelopedtoattractlocustsintotrapstobekilled.Locustscouldalsobedevelopedwithgeneticchangesthatwouldnotreactto4VA,Kangadded.Suchlocustscouldbesenttothewildtobuildwildnon-swarmingpopulations.LeslieVosshall,headofRockefellerUniversity’sLaboratoryofNeurogeneticsandBehaviorinNewYork,saidoneofthemostexcitingdevelopmentswouldbefindingachemicalthatcouldblockthereceptionof4VA.Shenotedthattherearestillseveralunknownsabouttheresearch.Theseincludewhether4VAistheonlycauseofswarmformation,andwhetherotherlocustspeciesrespondsimilarlytothechemical.12.Whatisthenewfindingofthestudy?A.Newmethodscouldbeusedtostoplocusts.B.Locustsdonotcausemuchdamageontheirown.C.Alargenumberoflocustscandestroythecropsterribly.DLocustsswarmbecauseofachemicalproducedbythemselves.13.Whatcanwelearnaboutthepheromone?A.Itonlyexistsinthemigratorylocust. B.Itismadeatleastingroupsofforty.C.Itistoblameforthelocust’sswarming. D.Itaffectsthebehaviorofotheranimals.14.WhatisLeslie’sattitudetowardthepreventionofthelocust’sswarming?A.Pessimistic. B.Optimistic. C.Subjective. D.Objective.15.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleofthispassage?A.Canwekilllocusts? B.Howdolocustsdestroycrops?C.Howdolocustsgetswarmed? D.Canwecontrolthelocust’sdamaging?【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.C【解析】本文是一篇科普說明文，講解并描述了科學(xué)家們發(fā)覺了蝗蟲自身產(chǎn)生的4VA這一物質(zhì)能夠讓它們成群結(jié)隊(duì)地聚在一起?！?2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“Scientistssaytheyhavefoundoutachemicalproducedbylocuststhatcausestheinsectstojointogetherinhugeswarms(科學(xué)家們說他們發(fā)覺了蝗蟲產(chǎn)生的一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)，這種化學(xué)物質(zhì)能使蝗蟲成群結(jié)隊(duì)地聚集在一起)”可知，由蝗蟲本身所產(chǎn)生的一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)可以讓它們成群結(jié)隊(duì)地聚在一起。故此題選D。【13題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段“Itpowerfullydrewlocustsofbothsexesandallages,theresearchfound.Anditwasproducedwhenasfewasfourtofivelocustscametogether(探討發(fā)覺，它吸引了全部年齡和性別的蝗蟲。只有四至五只蝗蟲聚集的時(shí)候，就已經(jīng)起先生產(chǎn)了)”可知，信息素能夠吸引全部年齡和性別的蝗蟲，即便蝗蟲數(shù)量很少，也可以存在其中。由此可知，蝗蟲聚集的緣由就是信息素的吸引。故此題選C?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段“LeslieVosshallsaidoneofthemostexcitingdevelopmentswouldbefindingachemicalthatcouldblockthereceptionof4VA(LeslieVosshall說到最令人興奮的進(jìn)展之一將是找到一種能夠阻斷4VA信號(hào)接收的化學(xué)物質(zhì))”可知，LeslieVosshall希望能在將來(lái)找到阻斷4VA接收的物質(zhì)來(lái)阻擋蝗蟲聚集出現(xiàn)。但是隨后又通過“Shenotedthattherearestillseveralunknownsabouttheresearch(她指出，關(guān)于這項(xiàng)探討仍有幾個(gè)未知數(shù))”表明白這項(xiàng)探討依舊存在著不確定性。由此我們可以總結(jié)出，LeslieVosshall既期盼有方法解決蝗蟲的聚集，但又相識(shí)到存在不確定性，所以他的看法是很客觀的。A.Pessimistic.悲觀的；B.Optimistic.樂觀的；C.Subjective.主觀的；D.Objective.客觀的。故此題選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，特殊是依據(jù)第一段“Scientistssaytheyhavefoundoutachemicalproducedbylocuststhatcausestheinsectstojointogetherinhugeswarms(科學(xué)家們說他們發(fā)覺了蝗蟲產(chǎn)生的一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)，這種化學(xué)物質(zhì)能使蝗蟲成群結(jié)隊(duì)地聚集在一起)”可知，本文主要介紹了科學(xué)家發(fā)覺蝗蟲是如何聚集的。故此題選C。其次節(jié)（共5小題）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Emergencyknocksonthemostunexpectedtime,soitisimportanttoknowhowtogivefirstaid,particularlyinlife-threateningsituations.What'sfirstaid?____16____.Thougheachemergencyconditionisdifferent,followingcorrectfirst-aidstepscanmakeabigdifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.Firstofall,callsomebodyforhelporcallthe911emergencynumber.Beforehelparrives,therulesbelowcanbeappliedtosomeemergencies.Checkthevictim'sbreathandpulse.Ifnosignsofbreathingareclearandthepulseisweak,prepareforCPR（心肺復(fù)蘇）.Nevercarrymorethanyoucando.Donotdothingsbeyondyourability.____17____Dowhatyoucanundertheconditionsatthetime.Ifthevictimishurtbadly,checkifthewoundisdeepandifheorsheisbleeding.Findanythingavailabletostopbleeding.Losingonethirdofblood,apersonmaybeingreatdanger.Remember:nevertrytomovethevictimaway.____18____Especiallythereisaspinalinjury.leavingthepersonwhereheis,providedheisbreathing.Keepcalmandconsole（勸慰）thevictim.____19____Itisimportanttostabilize（使穩(wěn)定）theconditionofthevictim.Explaintoherorhimwhatishappeningandthathelphasbeencalledalready.Donotletotherpeoplecrowdaroundthevictim.Bystanderswillbecurioustohavealookandoffertheiradvice.____20____Thevictimmaybelievethattheconditionisworsethanitreallyis.A.Takenecessaryemergencysteps.B.Youshouldhelpaninjuredpersoninanycondition.C.Youcouldmakeaninjuryworseifyoumovethevictim.D.Norshouldyoudothingsifyouareunfamiliarwiththem.E.Actingcalmlywillmakethevictimrelievedandfeelsafe.F.Besides,theymaysaysomethingaboutthevictim'scondition.G.Firstaidisdefinedastheemergencycaregiventoasickorinjuredperson.【答案】16.G17.D18.C19.E20.F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要講解并描述了如何進(jìn)行急救和急救時(shí)的留意事項(xiàng)?！驹斀狻?.結(jié)合上文“What'sfirstaid?”什么是急救？可以推斷空白處是對(duì)這個(gè)問題進(jìn)行回答。選項(xiàng)G.“Firstaidisdefinedastheemergencycaregiventoasickorinjuredperson.”急救被定義為對(duì)病人或受傷人員的緊急救援。符合文意。故選G。2.結(jié)合上文“Donotdothingsbeyondyourability.”不要做超出你實(shí)力范圍的事。下文“Dowhatyoucanundertheconditionsatthetime.”在當(dāng)時(shí)的狀況下，盡你所能做你能做的。由此可推知，空格處的句子應(yīng)當(dāng)是對(duì)上一句子的承接，而對(duì)下一句子的轉(zhuǎn)折，起承上啟下的作用。選項(xiàng)D.“Norshouldyoudothingsifyouareunfamiliarwiththem.”假如你不熟識(shí)它們，也不應(yīng)當(dāng)做它們。符Donotdothings對(duì)應(yīng)Norshouldyoudothings。故選D。3.結(jié)合上文“nevertrytomovethevictimaway”恒久不要試圖把受害者移開，指出了錯(cuò)誤的做法?？梢酝浦瞻滋帒?yīng)是對(duì)這一錯(cuò)誤做法說明為什么不能這樣做。選項(xiàng)C.“Youcouldmakeaninjuryworseifyoumovethevictim.”假如你移動(dòng)受害者，可能會(huì)讓傷勢(shì)更嚴(yán)峻。符合文意，故選C。4.結(jié)合上文“Keepcalmandconsole（勸慰）thevictim.”保持冷靜，勸慰受害者。下文“Itisimportanttostabilize（使穩(wěn)定）theconditionofthevictim.”穩(wěn)定受害者的狀況很重要。由此可推斷，空格處的句子應(yīng)當(dāng)是一個(gè)承上啟下的句子，承接上文，又呼應(yīng)下文。選項(xiàng)E.“Actingcalmlywillmakethevictimrelievedandfeelsafe.”冷靜行事會(huì)讓受害者感到放松和平安。Keepcalmandconsole（勸慰）thevictim.對(duì)應(yīng)Actingcalmly。故選E。5.結(jié)合上文“Bystanderswillbecurioustohavealookandoffertheiradvice.”旁觀者會(huì)很新奇，想看看并供應(yīng)建議。這是旁觀者的做法。下文“Thevictimmaybelievethattheconditionisworsethanitreallyis.”受害者可能認(rèn)為狀況比實(shí)際狀況更糟。說明白旁觀者的某些做法所引起的后果?？芍瞻滋帒?yīng)填入的是一個(gè)關(guān)于圍觀者不好的做法的句子。選項(xiàng)F.“Besides,theymaysaysomethingaboutthevictim'scondition.”另外，他們可能會(huì)說些受害者的狀況。符合文意，故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言學(xué)問運(yùn)用第一節(jié)（共20小題）閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。.WhenIwasgrowingup,Ihadanoldneighbor,aphysiciannamedDoctorGibbs.Hedidn'tlooklikeany____21____I'deverknown.Weoftenplayedinhisyard.Buthenever____22____usformakingamessinhisyard.WhenDoctorGibbswasn't____23____lives,hewasplantingtreesinhisyard.Hehadsomeinteresting___24___aboutplantingtrees.He____25____theprinciple"Nopains,nogains".He____26____wateredhisnewtrees,whichflewinthefaceofconventional（傳統(tǒng)的）wisdom.OnceIaskedwhyandhetoldmethat____27____plantsspoiled（寵壞）thembecauseitmadethemgrow____28____.Hesaidhehadtomakethings____29____forthetreessothatonlythestrongestcould_____30_____.Hetalkedabouthowwateringtreesmadethemdevelopshallow_____31_____andhow,iftheywerenotwatered,treeswouldgrowdeeprootsinsearchofwater.So,_____32_____wateringhistreeseverymorning,he'dbeatthemwitharolled-upnewspapertohelpthetreesbuildup_____33_____.Afterhedied,Iwalkedbyhis_____34_____andlookedatthetrees,whichwerealltallandstrong.Iplantedacoupleoftreesmyselfafewyearsago.Twoyearsof_____35_____thesetreesmeanttheygrewweak.Wheneveracoldwindblew,theirbranchestrembled.HardshipseemedtobenefitDoctorGibbs'treesinways_____36_____andcasenevercouldexist.Everynight,beforeIgotobed,Icheckonmytwosons.Ioftenpraythattheirliveswillbeeasy.But_____37_____I'vebeenthinkingthatit'stimetochangemy_____38_____.Iknowmychildrenaregoingto_____39_____hardship.WhatIneedtodoistoprayfordeeproots,sowhentherainfallsandthewindblows,theywon'tbe_____40_____.21.A.doctor B.teacher C.lawyer D.farmer22.A.liked B.admired C.respected D.blamed23.A.saving B.losing C.changing D.shortening24.A.stories B.theories C.goals D.projects25.A.tookapart B.worriedabout C.believedin D.madeup26.A.briefly B.hardly C.enthusiastically D.constantly27.A.watering B.caring C.drying D.growing28.A.stronger B.bigger C.weaker D.healthier29.A.easy B.good C.interesting D.tough30.A.escape B.survive C.sleep D.recover31.A.flowers B.leaves C.branches D.roots32.A.becauseof B.inadditionto C.insteadof D.thanksto33.A.kindness B.love C.strength D.interest34.A.yard B.hospital C.garden D.tomb35.A.planting B.attending C.processing D.ruining36.A.comfort B.freedom C.happiness D.wealth37.A.early B.lately C.previously D.originally38.A.situation B.result C.design D.prayer39.A.leaveout B.careabout C.longfor D.meetwith40.A.turneddown B.tornapart C.pickedout D.thoughtof【答案】21.A22.D23.A24.B25.C26.B27.A28.C29.D30.B31.D32.C33.C34.A35.B36.A37.B38.D39.D40.B【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講解并描述了在作者成長(zhǎng)的過程中，有一個(gè)老鄰居，Gibbs醫(yī)生，他在種樹時(shí)幾乎不給樹澆水，他說是為了讓樹扎根更深，抗風(fēng)實(shí)力更強(qiáng)；當(dāng)作者在撫養(yǎng)孩子時(shí)，理解了其中的道理，我們只有讓根強(qiáng)壯，暴風(fēng)雨來(lái)時(shí)，才能英勇面對(duì)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他看起來(lái)不像我相識(shí)的任何醫(yī)生。A.doctor醫(yī)生；B.teacher老師；C.lawyer律師；D.farmer農(nóng)夫。由上文的“Ihadanoldneighbor,aphysiciannamedDoctorGibbs.”可知，Gibbs是一位醫(yī)生。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但他從不責(zé)怪我們把他的院子弄得一團(tuán)糟。A.liked喜愛；B.admired敬佩；C.respected敬重；D.blamed責(zé)怪。由上文的“Weoftenplayedinhisyard.”和本處的“Buthenever____2____usformakingamessinhisyard.”可知，作者他們?cè)贕ibbs醫(yī)生的院子里玩，弄得一團(tuán)糟，一般來(lái)說，主子都會(huì)生氣責(zé)怪的，但Gibbs醫(yī)生從不責(zé)怪作者他們。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Gibbs醫(yī)生不救人的時(shí)候，他在院子里種樹。A.saving挽救；B.losing失去；C.changing變更；D.shortening縮短。由常識(shí)可知，醫(yī)生的主要職責(zé)就是治病救人。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他對(duì)植樹有一些好玩的理論。A.stories故事；B.theories理論；C.goals目標(biāo)；D.projects項(xiàng)目。由下文的“He____5____theprinciple"Nopains,nogains".”和下文可知，Gibbs醫(yī)生信奉“不勞無(wú)獲”的原則，幾乎不給新樹澆水，認(rèn)為必需讓樹木變得艱難，只有這樣最強(qiáng)壯的樹木才能存活下來(lái)，這是一些好玩的理論。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他信奉“不勞無(wú)獲”的原則。A.tookapart拆散；B.worriedabout擔(dān)憂；C.believedin信任；D.madeup組成、編造。由下文語(yǔ)境可知，Gibbs醫(yī)生幾乎不給新樹澆水，認(rèn)為必需讓樹木變得艱難，只有這樣最強(qiáng)壯的樹木才能存活下來(lái)，不經(jīng)驗(yàn)艱難，哪能變得強(qiáng)壯呢，所以他信奉的是“不勞無(wú)獲”原則。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他幾乎不給他的新樹澆水，這違反了傳統(tǒng)的才智。A.briefly簡(jiǎn)短地；B.hardly幾乎不；C.enthusiastically熱忱地；D.constantly不斷地。由下文的“whichflewinthefaceofconventional（傳統(tǒng)的）wisdom”可知，Gibbs醫(yī)生的做法違反了種樹的傳統(tǒng)才智，一般來(lái)說，種樹是要澆水的，他違反了傳統(tǒng)才智，說明他幾乎不給樹澆水。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次我問為什么，他告知我澆水會(huì)毀掉植物，因?yàn)檫@會(huì)使它們變得更虛弱。A.watering澆水；B.caring關(guān)切；C.drying(使)變干；D.growing成長(zhǎng)。由上文語(yǔ)境可知，Gibbs醫(yī)生幾乎不給樹澆水，作者感到新奇就詢問緣由，Gibbs醫(yī)生告知作者澆水會(huì)毀掉植物。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次我問為什么，他告知我澆水會(huì)毀掉植物，因?yàn)檫@會(huì)使它們變得更虛弱。A.stronger更強(qiáng)的；B.bigger更大的；C.weaker更弱的；D.healthier更健康的。由上文的“____7____plantsspoiled（寵壞）them”可知，澆水會(huì)毀掉植物，可得出澆水會(huì)讓植物變得更虛弱。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他說，他必需讓樹木變得艱難，這樣只有最強(qiáng)壯的樹木才能存活下來(lái)。A.easy簡(jiǎn)潔的；B.good好的；C.interesting好玩的；D.tough艱難的。由上文語(yǔ)境可知，Gibbs醫(yī)生幾乎不給樹澆水，于樹而言，樹木的生存環(huán)境變得很艱難。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他說，他必需讓樹木變得艱難，這樣只有最強(qiáng)壯的樹木才能存活下來(lái)。A.escape逃跑；B.survive幸存；C.sleep睡覺；D.recover復(fù)原。由上文的“Hesaidhehadtomakethings____9____forthetreessothatonlythestrongest”可知，Gibbs醫(yī)生幾乎不給樹澆水，樹木的生存環(huán)境變得很艱難，當(dāng)然只有最強(qiáng)壯的樹木才能幸存下來(lái)。故選B項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他談到了給樹澆水是如何使它們長(zhǎng)出淺根的，假如不給它們澆水，樹木會(huì)長(zhǎng)出深根來(lái)找水。A.flowers花朵；B.leaves葉子；C.branches樹枝；D.roots根。由下文的“iftheywerenotwatered,treeswouldgrowdeeprootsinsearchofwater”可知，不給樹澆水，樹長(zhǎng)出深根，可得出給樹澆水，樹長(zhǎng)出淺根。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：所以，他沒有每天早上給樹澆水，而是用卷起的報(bào)紙打樹，幫助樹木增加力氣。A.becauseof因?yàn)?；B.inadditionto除了；C.insteadof而不是、代替；D.thanksto幸虧。由上文語(yǔ)境可知，Gibbs醫(yī)生幾乎不給樹澆水，還要使樹木的生存環(huán)境變得很艱難，所以此處指“而不是/代替給樹澆水”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以，他沒有每天早上給樹澆水，而是用卷起的報(bào)紙打樹，幫助樹木增加力氣。A.kindness善意；B.love愛；C.strength力氣；D.interest愛好。由語(yǔ)境和上文的“he'dbeatthemwitharolled-upnewspaper”可知，Gibbs醫(yī)生幾乎不給樹澆水，還要使樹木的生存環(huán)境變得很艱難，這樣樹木才能長(zhǎng)出深根，成為最強(qiáng)壯的樹活下來(lái)，因此用卷起的報(bào)紙打樹，是為了讓樹增加力氣。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他死后，我走過他的院子，看著那些高大強(qiáng)壯的樹。A.yard院子；B.hospital醫(yī)院；C.garden花園；D.tomb墳?zāi)埂Ｓ缮衔牡摹癶ewasplantingtreesinhisyard”可知，Gibbs醫(yī)生把樹種在院子里，所以作者是走過他的院子，看到了高大強(qiáng)壯的樹。