新教材2024年高中英語學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量檢測4Unit4AdversityandCourage新人教版選擇性必修第三冊

UNIT4學(xué)業(yè)質(zhì)量檢測選擇題部分第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Howmuchshouldthewomanpay？__B__A．￡2．85． B．￡2.60． C．￡2.50．2．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers？__A__A．Teacherandstudent.B．Doctorandpatient.C．Passengerandconductor.3．Whatistheweatherlikenow？__A__A．It’sraining. B．It’sclear. C．It’swindy.4．Whydidthemangobacktotheoffice？__A__A．Hewantedtogettheimportantthings.B．Hewantedtofindthelostkey.C．Hewentbacktolocktheofficedoor.5．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace？__A__A．Atanoffice. B．Inalibrary. C．Inapark.其次節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6和第7兩個(gè)小題。6．Whatdidthemanusetotakepictures？__B__A．Ahelicopter. B．Adrone. C．Asmartphone.7．Whattakesalotofpracticefortheman？__C__A．Drivingahelicopter. B．Takingpictures. C．Controllingadrone.聽第7段材料，回答第8和第9兩個(gè)小題。8．Whatdoesthemanworkfor？__A__A．Anonlinenewsagency.B．Anewspaper.C．ATVchannel.9．Whydoesthemanliketobeajournalist？__C__A．Hetravelsalot. B．Heearnsahighpay. C．Hegetsjobsatisfaction.聽第8段材料，回答第10至第12三個(gè)小題。10．Whatisthewomandoingnow？__C__A．Cookinglunch. B．Doingsomeshopping.C．Goingjogging.11．WhywillJohnnygotoTorontonextweek？__A__A．Tohaveamatch. B．Tohaveaholiday. C．Tohaveameeting12．Whatwillthemandotoday？__B__A．Playbasketball. B．Meetfriends. C．Watchagame.聽第9段材料，回答第13至第16四個(gè)小題。13．Howdoesthemanfindtheideaofclimatechange？__C__A．Reasonable. B．Ridiculous. C．Doubtful.14．Whatmaycausewhalestodiedirectly？__A__A．Lackoffood. B．Globalwarming. C．Destroyedhabitats.15．Whatdoesthemandecidetodo？__A__A．Tohelpwhales.B．Tochangeclimate.C．Tolearnaboutecosystem.16．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout？__B__A．Theextinctionofanimals.B．Theeffectsofclimatechange.C．Themeasurestoconserveenergy.聽第10段材料，回答第17至第20四個(gè)小題。17．WhatcanpeoplevisitatSunsetView？__A__A．RedlandsCastle. B．RosePeakShowCaves. C．LongwoodSafariPark.18．WherecanpeopleliveatWildWays？__A__A．Inhuts. B．Intents. C．Incottages.19．HowmuchwillpeoplepayforGreenParkCampsiteatleast？__B__A．￡545．B．￡255．C．￡455．20．WhatisMaryGlensuitablefor？__C__A．Canoeing. B．Hiking. C．Cycling.聽力原文：Text1M：That’sseventy-fivepenceforthepaperandonepoundeighty-fiveforthemagazine—twopoundssixtyaltogether.W：Hereyouare.M：Thanks.Oh,Ineedanothertenpence.W：Oh,sorry.Ithoughtyousaidtwopoundsfifty.Text2W：You’relate,Tom.M：Sorry.Imissedthebusbytheskinofmyteeth.W：Gee.I’veheardthatbefore.Now,westartourclass.Text3W：Theweatherforecastsaidthattomorrowwouldbecloudyandwindyinthemorningbutitwouldclearupintheafternoon.M：Look！There’sabreakinthecloudsalready.It’snotrainingashard,either.Text4M：TheofficedoorwaslockedwhenIcamebackyesterday.Ileftsomethingimportantinmyoffice.Whydidn’tyouanswermyphonecallafterwards?W：Maybeitwastoonoisytohearit.Ithoughtyouwouldhavethekeyonyou.Text5M：Don’tputyourcoffeecuponmydesk,Betty.Itmayfallandruinthosedesignsforthepark.Ijustborrowedthemfromthelibrary.W：Sorry,Ididn’tnoticeit.Text6W：Hey!IsawyourcoolpictureonFacebooklastnight.Howdidyoutakeit?M：Iusedmydrone.Itcantakepicturesofthecityfromabove.W：Wow,itflies.It’slikeahelicopter.Youcancontrolonebyyourself?M：Sure!Iboughtminelastmonth.They’reexpensive.W：Theyareexpensive,butthey’refun.Sohowdodroneswork?M：Youcontrolthedronefromthegroundwitharemotecontrollerorasmartphone.Youcanseethroughthedrone’scamerawithyourphone.W：Itmusttakealotofpractice.M：Itdoes.Ipracticealot,butIstillcrashmydronesometimes.W：That’snotgood.Youpaidalotforit.Text7W：Whatdoyoudoforaliving?M：I’majournalist.W：Really?Ihavegreatrespectforyouguys.Doyouworkforanewspaperoratelevisionchannel?M：Iworkforanonlinenewsagency.W：Great.WhenIwasincollege，Iwaskeenonbecomingajournalist,butmyparentsdidn’tsupportme.Theyfeltthatjournalismwasariskyfieldtobein,thoughtheyarewell-paidanddoalotoftravelling.M：Yes,journalistshavetotakealotofrisksandchallenges.Sometimesweriskourownlivesinourquesttofindthetruth.Butthesatisfactionwegetishuge.Actually,that’swhatkeepsusinthisjob.W：Youareright.Jobsatisfactionisfarmoreimportantthanjobsafety.Text8W：Hi,Jack,howareyoutoday?M：I’mgreat,andyou?W：Verybusy!I’mjoggingnow,butlaterIhavetodoalot!Well,firstofall,Ihavetodotheshopping.Wedon’thaveanythingtoeatathome.M：…andthen?W：LittleJohnnyhasabasketballgamethisafternoon.I’mdrivinghimtothegame.M：Oh,howishisteamdoing?W：They’redoingverywell.Nextweek,they’retravelingtoTorontoforatournament.M：That’simpressive.W：Well,Johnnylikesplayingbasketball.I’mhappyhe’senjoyingit.Whatareyoudoingtoday?M：I’mnotdoingmuch.I’mmeetingsomefriendsforlunch,but,otherthanthat,Idon’thavemuchtodotoday.W：You’resolucky!M：No,you’retheluckyone.I’dliketohavesomanythingstodo.Text9M：Talkofclimatechangeisonthenewsallthetime.Itwascoldwithalotofsnowthispastwinter,soI’mnotreallysureifclimatechangeisreal.W：It’seasytothinkthat.Butthefactthattherewassnowheredoesn’tmeanclimatechangeisn’treal.Theearthonaverageisgettingwarmer,evenifsomeareasarecolderthannormaloneyear.Didyouknowthattherearealotofanimalsthreatenedbyclimatechange?M：Really?Likewhat?W：Well,Iknowyoulovewhales,andtheNorthAtlanticwhaleisatriskofextinction.M：Itis?Buthowisthatrelatedtoclimatechange?W：Thewhaleseatsomeorganisms.Climatechangeisaffectingtheocean’stemperature.Thewarmerwatercontainsfewerorganisms.Fewerorganismsmeanlessfoodforthewhales.M：That’sawful.Soclimatechangeaffectstheecosystemintheoceanwherethewhaleslive.Idefinitelydon’twantthewhalestodiefromlackoffood！Ishoulddosomethingtostopthis.Text10Needaperfectplacetogetawaywiththefamilythissummer?ThenyoucouldfindnobetterplacethanSunsetView.Locatedastone’sthrowfromthesea,it’sgreatforadultsandkidsalike.Thewonderful13thcenturyRedlandsCastleisonlyashortwalkaway.Butwhygoanywhere,whenyoucantrysomenewactivitiesbytakingadvantageofourcanoeandsurfboardhire,orchallengeyourfriendsorfamilytoagameoftennisononeofourfivetenniscourts?Pricesfromjust￡455aweek.Ifyou’relookingformemorablefamilyholidaythisyear,cometoWildWays.Weoffertopqualityaccommodationincleanandmodernhuts,deepintheNewForest.There’splentytodo.TakeadayoutatthefamousLongwoodSafariPark,justtwomilesaway.Pricesfromjust￡545aweek.GreenParkCampsiteisaperfectgetawayforfriendsandfamiliesalike.Withitsmountainlocationandgreatviews,GreenParkoffersexcellentfacilitiesandspaceforupto35tents.We’rewalkingdistancefromthefootofRosePeak,andjustashortdrivefromthefamousRosePeakShowCaves,andthereareoutstandingopportunitiesforhiking.Pricesfromjust￡255aweek.AtMaryGlenyou’llfindeverythingyouneedforaperfectholiday.Wehavefivecottages,equippedwithallmodernfacilities,locatedonaworkingfamilyfarm.TheareaaroundMaryGlenisgreatforcycling.BringyourbikesandtrytheEvergreenTrail,orcyclealongtheRiverDent.Withpricesaslowas￡425aweek,youcan’tgowrong.其次部分：閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A(2024·山東日照市高二期末)Chicagofarmersmarketsaretheperfectplacetostockuponlocalproduceandgetatasteofeachneighborhood’slocalflavor.There’samarketeverydayoftheweek—soyoucanexperienceonenomatterwhenyouvisit.LoganSquareFarmersMarketThismarket,whichhasbeengoingstrongfor15years,hasbeencalledthebestfarmersmarketinIllinoisbyUSAToday.Inthesummer,themarkettakesoverLoganavenueintheheartoftheneighborhood.Inthecoldermonths,thevendorssetupshopsinsideLoganSquare.CityMarketThisseasonalmarketinDaleyPlazaisthelongestrunningfarmersmarketinChicago.LocatedintheheartoftheLoop,it’sapopularlunchspotfornearbyofficeworkers.Manyofthevendorssellpreparedfoodsthatmakeaperfectgrab-and-gooption,likegrilledcheese,Thaifoodandmore.Grabaseatbythefountainorheadtothestagetocatchlivemusicandculturalperformances.WoodStreetUrbanFarmStandStockuponlocalproduceatthecity’sfirstcertifiedorganicurbanfarm.TheFarmStandhasalmostanacreoffarmlandintheneighborhood,whereasmallgroupoftrainedurbanfarmerstendtovarietiesofproduce.Iscookingdemonstrationsofferfreesamplesandrecipecardsforhealthy,vegetarianmeals.GreenCityFarmersMarketTheMarketisChicago’sfirstandlargestyear-roundfarmersmarket.Itisfrequentedbymanyofthecity’stopchefs,searchingforthebestlocalproducetouseintheirdishes.It’salsopopularwithlocals,wholineupforfreshlymadesmoothiesandcrepes(薄煎餅)andfilltheirbagswithfruit,vegetables,meatsandmore.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了芝加哥四個(gè)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品市場。21．WhatdoweknowaboutLoganSquareFarmersMarket？__C__A．Itfeaturesfreshorganicfood.B．Itisthelongestrunningmarket.C．Itslocationvarieswiththeseason.D．Itsculturalperformancesaregreat.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)介紹LoganSquareFarmersMarket部分中的“Inthesummer,themarkettakesoverLoganavenueintheheartoftheneighborhood.Inthecoldermonths,thevendorssetupshopsinsideLoganSquare.”可知，這個(gè)市場的位置隨季節(jié)變更。故選C。22．Wherewillyougoifyouwanttoenjoystageperformances？__B__A．LoganSquareFarmersMarket.B．CityMarket.C．WoodStreetUrbanFarmStand.D．GreenCityFarmersMarket.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)介紹CityMarket部分中的“Grabaseatbythefountainorheadtothestagetocatchlivemusicandculturalperformances.”可知，在CityMarket這里有舞臺表演。故選B。23．WhatdoWoodStreetUrbanFarmStandandGreenCityFarmersMarkethaveincommon？__A__A．Theyprovidevariouslocalproduce.B．Theybothhaveorganicurbanfarms.C．Theyhavefarmlandintheneighborhood.D．Theyofferfreesamplestocustomers.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)介紹WoodStreetUrbanFarmStand部分中的“Stockuponlocalproduceatthecity’sfirstcertifiedorganicurbanfarm.”及介紹GreenCityFarmersMarket部分中的“Itisfrequentedbymanyofthecity’stopchefs,searchingforthebestlocalproducetouseintheirdishes.”可知，這兩個(gè)市場都供應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)產(chǎn)品。故選A。BWhenFridaKahlo’spaintingswereonshowinLondon,apoetdescribedherpaintingsas“aribbon(絲帶)aroundabomb”.SuchcommentsseemtosuggestKahlohadabiginfluenceontheartworldofhertime.Sadly,sheisactuallyamuchbiggernametodaythanshewasduringhertime.Bornin1907inavillagenearMexicoCity，Kahlosufferedfrompolio(小兒麻痹癥)attheageofseven.Herspine(脊柱)becamebentasshegrewolder.Then,in1925,herbackwasbrokeninseveralplacesinaschoolbusaccident.Throughouttherestofherlife,theartisthadmanyoperations,butnothingwasabletocuretheterriblepaininherback.However,theaccidenthadanunexpectedsideeffect.Whilelyinginherbedrecovering,Kahlotaughtherselftopaint.In1929,shegotmarriedtoDiegoRivera,anotherfamousMexicanartist.Rivera’sstronginfluenceonKahlo’sstylecanbeseeninherearlyworks,butherlaterworksfromthe1940s，knowntodayasherbestworks,showlessinfluencefromherhusband.Unfortunately,herworksdidnotattractmuchattentioninthe1930sand1940s,eveninherhomecountry.Herfirstone-womanshowinMexicowasnothelduntil1953．Formorethanadecadeafterherdeathin1954,Kahlo’sworksremainedlargelyunnoticedbytheworld,butinthe1970sherworksbegantogaininternationalfameatlast.語篇解讀：本文屬于人物傳記。墨西哥女畫家弗里達(dá)·卡羅，身殘志不殘，創(chuàng)作了多數(shù)優(yōu)秀作品。雖然她的作品未能在她有生之年受到應(yīng)有的關(guān)注，但最終在國際上得到了認(rèn)可。24．Whatdoesthephrase“amuchbiggername”inParagraph1mostnearlymean？__D__A．Afarbetterartist. B．Afarmoregiftedartist.C．Amuchstrongerperson. D．Amuchmorefamousperson.解析：詞義揣測題。她去世后，實(shí)力(A項(xiàng))、天賦(B項(xiàng))、身體強(qiáng)壯程度(C項(xiàng))不會(huì)發(fā)生變更，變更的只是人們對其的評價(jià)和了解而已，第一段的其次句是答案提示。故選D。25．TheterriblepainKahlosufferedwascausedby__C__.A．polio B．herbentspineC．backinjuries D．theoperationsshehad解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段的第四句可知，盡管經(jīng)驗(yàn)了多次手術(shù)，仍舊沒有治愈卡羅背上巨大的難受。再結(jié)合前面說她在一次車禍中背部受傷可知，她背上的難受是由背上的傷引起的。故選C。26．Kahlo’sstylehadbecomeincreasinglyindependentsincethe__B__.A．1930s B．1940sC．1950s D．1970s解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段其次句的后半句“butherlaterworksfromthe1940s，knowntodayasherbestworks，showlessinfluencefromherhusband”可知，她起先畫出屬于自己風(fēng)格的作品是從20世紀(jì)40年頭起先的。故選B。27．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardKahlo?__B__A．Devotion. B．Sympathy.C．Worry. D．Encouragement.解析：推理推斷題。通讀全文，尤其是依據(jù)第一段中的Sadly和最終一段中的Unfortunately可以看出，作者對卡羅的遭受以及其作品只是在其去世后才引起關(guān)注感到憐憫。故選B。CSpendingChristmasinaforeigncountrycanbeatrulyeye-openingexperience,especiallysinceit’seasytobelievethatasaworldwidefestival,mostcountriesprobablycelebrateitinafairlysimilarmanner.BeingfromtheUK,Christmasformemeansspendingtimewithfamilyandfriends,exchangingpresents,eatinganddrinking,and,ofcourse,hidingfromthecold.InColombia,however,Christmasisviewedmuchmoreasatimewhichdevotesitselftoreligion.Withcelebrationsbeginningon7December,ColumbiaisrecognizedashavingthelongestChristmascelebrationsperiodintheworld.Thecelebrationsgenerallybeginintheeveningwiththelightingofcandles,eitherinthestreets,parksoroutsidepeople’shomes.Citiesarelitupbycandles,asthisdaymarksthebeginningoftheChristmasperiod.AlthoughdecorationshavebeenupsinceearlyNovember,anothertraditioninColombiaisthatduringtheninedaysbeforeChristmas,familymembersandfriendsmeetuptopray,singsongsandsharetraditionalfoodsathome.ProbablythebiggestsurpriseformehasbeenthemusicpeoplelistentoduringtheChristmasperiod.Atfirst,youcouldeasilymistakethesesongsfortheclassicsalsa,whichisplayedallyearround.However,afteraskingaColombianifitreallyfeltlikeChristmasmusic,theyexplainedtomethatthesongsarelovedmoreforthememoriestheysymbolizethanforthewaytheysound,andthatColombiahasbeenthroughsomanydarkperiodsinhistory,itwasimportanttoholdontothegoodmemoriesofyearsgonepast.BeinginacountrylikeColombiaduringthisfestiveperiodhastaughtmethatyoudon’tneedtobereligioustotakepartintheseChristmastraditions.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。介紹了在哥倫比亞圣誕節(jié)的意義及人們的慶祝方式。28．What’stheauthor’sopinionofChristmas？__B__A．Itisn’taglobalfestival.B．Itisn’tatimeforbeingalone.C．Itismainlydevotedtoreligion.D．It’scelebratedonlyinsomeplaces.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“BeingfromtheUK,Christmasformemeansspendingtimewithfamilyandfriends,exchangingpresents,eatinganddrinking,and,ofcourse,hidingfromthecold.”可知，在作者眼里，圣誕節(jié)意味著與家人和摯友共度時(shí)間，交換禮物，吃喝玩樂。圣誕節(jié)是團(tuán)聚的時(shí)間不是獨(dú)處的時(shí)間。故選B。29．WhatcanwelearnabouttheChristmasinColombia？__B__A．ItiscelebratedinthesamewayasintheUK.B．Itiscelebratedmainlyasareligiousfestival.C．Itiscelebratedforninedaysorso.D．Itiscelebratedwithlanternsandfireworks.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“InColombia,however,Christmasisviewedmuchmoreasatimewhichdevotesitselftoreligion.”可知在哥倫比亞，圣誕節(jié)更多的是作為宗教節(jié)日被慶祝的。故選B。30．WhatdoColombiansdoduringtheChristmascelebrationperiod？__A__A．Enjoytraditionalfoods. B．Gotothechurchtogether.C．Learnabouthomedecorations. D．Haveaone-month-longholiday.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“…anothertraditioninColombiaisthatduringtheninedaysbeforeChristmas,familymembersandfriendsmeetuptopray,singsongsandsharetraditionalfoodsathome.”可知，在哥倫比亞，家人和摯友團(tuán)聚祈禱，唱歌，共享傳統(tǒng)食物。故選A。31．Colombianslovethesongsmainlybecause__C__.A．theysoundextremelywonderfulB．theyexpressbestwishesforthefutureC．theyrepresentgoodmemoriesofthepastD．theyhavebeenpasseddownforgenerations解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段“…thesongsarelovedmoreforthememoriestheysymbolizethanforthewaytheysound,andthatColombiahasbeenthroughsomanydarkperiodsinhistory,itwasimportanttoholdontothegoodmemoriesofyearsgonepast.”可知，哥倫比亞圣誕音樂讓人寵愛是因?yàn)樗鼈兯笳鞯挠洃洠且３謱^去歲月的美妙記憶。故選C。D(2024·山東菏澤市高二下期中)ScientistsfromDeakinUniversityinAustraliahavetracedhowabout30specieschangedacrossvarioustimeperiodsinresponsetorisingtemperatures.Theysearchedthroughnearly100paststudiesbyotherresearchers,andtrackedcomparisonsthatdatebackacenturyortwoinsomecases.Theyfoundmanycreaturesarechangingthesizesandshapesofcertainbodyparts.“Warm-bloodedanimalsinthewildrelyontheirownbodiestoavoidoverheating.Theyreleaseheatthroughtheirappendages(肢體)，”explainsSaraRyding,wholedthestudy.Forlittlecreatures,likemice,tailsdothejob.Forbirds,theirbills(喙)dothework.Theanimals’shape-shiftingchangesmakesense,researcherssay.Inbiology,anestablishedconceptcalledBergmann’sruleshowsthatcreaturesthatliveincolderclimatestendtobelargerandthickerthanthoseclosertotheequator(赤道).Later,abiologist,JoelAsaphAllenfurtherexpandedtheconcept,sayingthatanimalsthatadaptedtocoldclimateshaveshorterlimbs(肢)andbodilyappendages—tokeepthewarmthin.Forsimilarreasons,inhotterclimates,warm-bloodedanimals’appendagesbecomelarger,relativetotheirbodysize.Largerappendagescanhelpanimalsreleasemoreheatintothesurroundingair.Ryding’steamalsoconductedvariousfieldstudies.OneofthemmeasuredthebillsofGalapagosfinchesfrom2003to2011andfoundtheyenlargedinresponsetotemperaturerises.OtherdatatheresearchersanalyzedfocusedonEuropeanrabbits,whichwerebroughttoAustraliaandsettledinareaswithdifferentweather.Thosethatfoundthemselvesinhotterplacesdevelopedlongerearsovertime.However,theresearchersaren’tsurewhetherthisshape-shiftingisagooddevelopment.Iflargerearsorbillscanhelptheanimalcooloff,that’sagoodthing.Butcertainchangesmaydamagesomecreatures’abilitytohuntforfood.“Ifyou’reahummingbirdandyourbillisgettingbroaderandwider,itmaybecometoolargetoeffectivelyfeedonflowerswhereyou’redrawingyournutritionfrom，”saysRyding.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了探討人員發(fā)覺有些動(dòng)物通過變更身體某些部位的大小和形態(tài)來應(yīng)對氣溫上升。32．Howdidthescientistscarryouttheirstudy？__B__A．Byexperimentinginthewild. B．Byreferringtopreviousdata.C．Byexploringavarietyoffields. D．Bycollectinginformationworldwide.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“Theysearchedthroughnearly100paststudiesbyotherresearchers,andtrackedcomparisonsthatdatebackacenturyortwoinsomecases.”可知，科學(xué)家是通過參考從前的數(shù)據(jù)綻開探討的。故選B。33．WhyisBergmann’srulementionedinParagraph3?__D__A．Toofferbackgroundinformation.B．Toraisedoubtsaboutaconcept.C．Tostresstheroleofweatherchanges.D．Toexplaintheresearchers’findings.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段“Theanimals’shape-shiftingchangesmakesense,researcherssay.Inbiology,anestablishedconceptcalledBergmann’sruleshowsthatcreaturesthatliveincolderclimatestendtobelargerandthickerthanthoseclosertotheequator(赤道).”可知，提到伯格曼法則是為了說明探討人員的這一發(fā)覺。故選D。34．Whatdotheresearcherswanttofindoutaboutanimals’shape-shiftingchanges？__C__A．Theirrules. B．Theirreason.C．Theireffects. D．Theirfrequency.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段“However,theresearchersaren’tsurewhetherthisshape-shiftingisagooddevelopment.”可知，探討人員想找出動(dòng)物身形變更的影響。故選C。35．Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus？__B__A．Animalsaregoodatsurvivingtoughsituations.B．Animalsbasetheirbodychangesontheirenvironments.C．Climatechangeforcesanimalstochangetheirhabitats.D．Itiswiseofanimalstousetheirdifferentbodypartseffectively.解析：主旨大意題。通讀全文，特殊是依據(jù)第一段“ScientistsfromDeakinUniversityinAustraliahavetracedhowabout30specieschangedacrossvarioustimeperiodsinresponsetorisingtemperatures.”及“Theyfoundmanycreaturesarechangingthesizesandshapesofcertainbodyparts.”可知，本文主要介紹了探討人員發(fā)覺有些動(dòng)物通過變更身體某些部位的大小和形態(tài)來應(yīng)對氣溫上升，即：動(dòng)物依據(jù)環(huán)境變更身形。故選B。其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。WaystodealwithanxietyEveryonehasfeelingsofanxiety,nervousness，tension,andstressfromtimetotime.Hereare5waystohelpmanagethem：●Becomearelaxationexpert.Weallthinkweknowhowtorelax.ButchillingoutinfrontoftheTVorcomputerisn’ttruerelaxation.(Dependingonwhatyou’rewatchingordoing,itcouldevenmakeyoumoretense.)Thesameistrueforalcohol,drugs,ortobacco.__36．D__Whatthebodyreallyneedsisdailypracticeofarelaxationtechnique—likedeepbreathing,taichi，oryoga—thathasaphysicaleffectonthemind.Forexample,deepbreathinghelpstorelaxamajornervethatrunsfromthediaphragmtothebrain,sendingamessagetotheentirebodytoletgoandloosenup.●Getenoughsleep,andnourishment.Wantyourmindandbodytofeelpeacefulandstrongenoughtohandlelife’supsanddowns?__37．E__Eatwell：Choosefruit，vegetables,leanproteins,andwholegrainsforlong-termenergy(insteadoftheshortburststhatcomefromtoomuchsugarorcaffeine).●__38．A__Spendtimewithfriendsorfamily.Organizedactivitiesaregreat,butjusthangingoutworkstoo.Doingthingswiththosewefeelclosetocandeepenourbonds,allowingustofeelsupportedandsecure.Andthefunandsharingthatgowithitallowustofeelhappierandlessupsetaboutthings.Ifyoufeelworriedornervousaboutsomething，talkingaboutitwithsomeonewholistensandcarescanhelpyoufeelmoreunderstoodandbetterabletocope.You’llberemindedthateveryonehasthesefeelingssometimes.You’renotalone.●Getclosetonature.__39．G__(Choosesomewhereyoufeelsafesoyoucanrelaxandenjoyyoursurroundings.)Walking,hiking,trailbiking,orsnowshoeingoffertheadditionalbenefitofexercise.Inviteafriendortwo—orafamilymember—alongandenjoyfeelingconnectedtopeopleaswell.●Payattentiontothegoodthings.Agreatwaytokeepourmindsofftheworrytrackistofocusourthoughtsonthingsthataregood,beautiful,andpositive.__40．B__Allowyourselftodream,wish，andimaginethebestthatcouldhappen.A．Connectwithothers.B．Appreciatethesmall，everydayblessings.C．Therearemanysafe,drug-freeremedies(補(bǔ)救措施)foranxiety.D．Theymayseemtorelieveanxietyorstress,butit’safalseandtemporarystateofrelaxation.E．Gettherightamountofsleepforyourneeds—nottoomuchortoolittle.F．Somestartworkingrightaway,whileothersmayhelplessenanxietyovertime.G．Headingoutforawalkintheparkorahikeinthewoodscanhelptoo.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了五種處理焦慮的方法。36．由上文提示“我們都認(rèn)為自己知道如何放松，但是在電視或電腦前放松并不是真正的放松。(取決于你在看什么或做什么，這甚至?xí)屇愀@慌。)酒精、毒品和煙草也是如此?！笨芍颂幊薪由衔?，D項(xiàng)“它們好像可以緩解焦慮或壓力，但這是一種虛假的、短暫的放松狀態(tài)?！鼻蓄}。該項(xiàng)中的they指代上文提到的緩解焦慮的方法。故選D。37．依據(jù)上文提示“想讓你的身心感到安靜和強(qiáng)大，足以應(yīng)付生活的起起伏伏嗎？”并結(jié)合下文提示“吃得好：選擇水果、蔬菜、瘦肉蛋白和全谷物，以獲得長期的能量(而不是因?yàn)閿z入過多的糖或咖啡因而導(dǎo)致的短暫能量爆發(fā))。”可知，此處承接上下文，E項(xiàng)“保證你須要的足夠的睡眠，不要睡得太多或太少?！鼻蓄}。故選E。38．空格處應(yīng)是一個(gè)小標(biāo)題，應(yīng)用短小精悍的祈使句，所以在A、B兩項(xiàng)中選擇。依據(jù)空格下文內(nèi)容“花時(shí)間和摯友或家人在一起。有組織的活動(dòng)很好，但只是閑逛也行?！笨赏浦珹項(xiàng)“與他人聯(lián)系?！鼻蓄}。故選A。39．依據(jù)下文內(nèi)容“(選擇一個(gè)你感覺平安的地方，這樣你可以放松，享受四周的環(huán)境。)步行、徒步旅行、越野自行車或雪鞋健行供應(yīng)了熬煉的額外好處?！笨芍崭裉幊薪酉挛?，G項(xiàng)“去公園漫步或在樹林里遠(yuǎn)足也有幫助?！鼻蓄}。故選G。40．依據(jù)上文提示“讓我們的思想遠(yuǎn)離苦惱的一個(gè)好方法是把我們的思想集中在好的、漂亮的、主動(dòng)的事情上。”和下文提示“允許自己去幻想，去許愿，去想象可能發(fā)生的最好的事情。”可知，空格處承接上下文，B項(xiàng)“感謝每天的小恩惠?！鼻蓄}。故選B。非選擇題部分第三部分：語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。(2024·浙江1月卷改編)Iwasbornlegallyblind.Ofallthestoriesofmyearlychildhood,theoneabouta__41．C__ismymother’sfavorite.Iwasonlytwowhenthe__42．A__occurred.Wehadjustarrivedhomefromatrip.Momliftedmeoutofthecarand__43．D__tospeaktothedriver.Itookadvantageofmybrief__44．C__todashacrossthelawn(草坪)—andhitalargemapletree!IwasrunningsofastthatIbouncedoffthetrunkand__45．A__onmybackside.Momexpectedmetostartcrying,butIjustsatthereforaminute.ThenI__46．B__myselfupandkeptrightongoing.Momalways__47．A__herethat,asmanytimesasIzoomedacrossthelawnafterthat,Ineveragain__48．A__intothattree.Momlovestousethisstoryasanexample.Itremindsherthatchildrendon’tenterlife__49．C__totakerisksorunwillingto__50．D__againwhentheyfalldown.Sheneverwantedmetolosethat__51．B__asIgrewolder.WhenI__52．C__mymajorlifedecisions,Iwasstillthatlittlegirltearingfull-speedacrossthelawn.Istudiedabroadandlatermovedawayfrommyparents’hometolookforajob.Throughyearsof__53．B__,Ihavebecomearespectedteacherinaschoolservinghigh-needstudents.Wearealmostcertaintoget__54．C__atsomepointduringtheprocessofachievingourgoal.Whenthathappens,don’tsitinthegrassandcry.Justgetupandkeepongoing.Itwillallbeworthit__55．B__.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。作者天生就是盲人，兩歲時(shí)有一天趁媽媽不留意時(shí)，飛速地跑過草坪，卻不當(dāng)心撞到了一棵樹上。跌倒后的作者并沒有坐在原地哭泣，而是爬起來接著跑，并且以后再也沒有撞到那棵樹。這種不怕冒險(xiǎn)、遇到挫折仍勇于嘗試的精神始終伴隨著作者的生活、學(xué)習(xí)和工作。41．A．trip B．raceC．tree D．driver解析：依據(jù)其次段中的“hitalargemapletree”可知，作者主要講解并描述的是自己兩歲時(shí)撞上一棵楓樹(tree)的前后經(jīng)過以及由此感悟到的人生哲理。故選C。42．A．incident B．raceC．illness D．problem解析：下文講解并描述的是整個(gè)事務(wù)(incident)的經(jīng)過。故選A。43．A．feared B．refusedC．forgot D．turned解析：依據(jù)此空前面的“Momliftedmeoutofthecar”和下文作者獨(dú)自跑開可知，此處母親應(yīng)當(dāng)是抱作者下車后轉(zhuǎn)身(turn)去和司機(jī)說話。故選D。44．A．delay B．a(chǎn)bsenceC．freedom D．rest解析：依據(jù)第一段首句“Iwasbornlegallyblind.”可知，作者天生是盲人，身邊應(yīng)當(dāng)始終有人照看；再結(jié)合文中的關(guān)鍵詞takeadvantageof,dash和fast可知，作者當(dāng)時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)是趁大人不留意時(shí)，即獲得短暫的自由(freedom)，一溜煙就跑開了。故選C。45．A．landed B．sleptC．laughed D．wept解析：依據(jù)“IwasrunningsofastthatIbouncedoffthetrunk”可知，作者跑得太快撞上樹干后一屁股坐到地上。landonmybackside意為“摔了個(gè)屁股蹲兒”。故選A。46．A．woke B．pickedC．warmed D．gave解析：依據(jù)上文“Ijustsatthereforaminute”和下文“keptrightongoing”以及最終一段倒數(shù)其次句“Justgetupandkeepongoing.”可知，此處應(yīng)當(dāng)是指從地上爬起來。pickoneselfup意為“(跌倒后)爬起來”，是固定搭配。故選B。47．A．a(chǎn)dds B．repliesC．a(chǎn)dmits D．supposes解析：此處承接上句，指每次說到這里時(shí)，作者的媽媽總會(huì)補(bǔ)充(add)說后續(xù)。故選A。48．A．crashed B．brokeC．climbed D．looked解析：與其次段中的“hitalargemapletree”相呼應(yīng)，crashintosth.意為“撞上某物”。故選A。49．A．a(chǎn)ble B．a(chǎn)shamedC．a(chǎn)fraid D．a(chǎn)nxious解析：依據(jù)本句中的or可知，此空與后面的unwilling并列，表示“不敢，膽怯 ”(afraid)。故選C。50．A．a(chǎn)sk B．shareC．learn D．try解析：此處用whentheyfalldown比方失敗或受挫后，膽怯 冒險(xiǎn)或再次嘗試(try)。故選D。51．A．honesty B．toughnessC．kindness D．curiosity解析：依據(jù)其次段中作者撞倒后接著堅(jiān)毅前行和上句中的“這件事提示了媽媽，孩子們在失敗或受到挫折后，就膽怯 或者不情愿再嘗試了”可知，媽媽希望作者保持這種堅(jiān)韌不拔(toughness)的精神。故選B。52．A．regretted B．reviewedC．made D．explained解析：makeadecision是常用搭配，意為“做出確定”。故選C。53．A．memories B．effortsC．research D．experience解析：依據(jù)本句后半部分中的“becomearespectedteacher”可知，作者后來成為一位備受敬重的老師，這是須要多年的努力(effort)才能做到的。故選B。54．A．mixedu