版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)
文檔簡介
最新高考英語閱讀理解專題練習(xí)
(名師剖析解題思路與技巧+WORD版本真題實(shí)戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練,對高考
實(shí)戰(zhàn)具有重大參考價(jià)值,建議下載打印練習(xí))
考試大綱對英語閱讀作了以下說明:
1.理解語篇主旨大意;2.理解文中具體信息;
3.根據(jù)上下文提供的線索推測生詞的詞義;4.做出簡單的判斷和推理;
5.理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu);6.理解作者的觀點(diǎn)、意圖和態(tài)度。
一.主旨大意+作者的觀點(diǎn)、意圖和態(tài)度
設(shè)題方式
①.考查文章的中心思想
Themainidea/keypointofthispassageisthat.
Thepassageismainlyabout.
Fromthepassagewecanlearn/concludethat.
Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?
②.考查文章標(biāo)題的選擇
Thebesttitle/headlineforthispassageis.
Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitle?
Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
Thetitlethatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis.
③.考查作者的寫作態(tài)度和意圖
Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinthispassage?
Thewriter'spurposeinwritingthisstoryis.
Inthepassagetheauthorwantstotell.
Thewriter'sattitudetoward...is.
干擾項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)
1.以偏概全。干擾項(xiàng)只闡述了文章的一部分內(nèi)容,也就是文章的局部信息。
2.斷章取義。干擾項(xiàng)常常以文章中的個別信息或個別字眼作為選項(xiàng)的設(shè)置內(nèi)容,或者
以次要的事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)冒充全文的主要觀點(diǎn)。
3.主題擴(kuò)大。干擾項(xiàng)所歸納、概括的范圍過大,超過文章實(shí)際所討論的內(nèi)容。
4.張冠李戴。命題者有意地把屬于A的特征放在B的身上,構(gòu)成一個干擾項(xiàng)??忌?/p>
注意的情況下,會造成錯選答案。
5.無中生有或似是而非。有的干擾項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞語好像在文章中談到了,但認(rèn)真分析
之后你會發(fā)現(xiàn)這類干擾項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容與文章的內(nèi)容毫無聯(lián)系。
解題指導(dǎo)
1.分清主次,抓住主干,找出主題句。
主題句是歸納表達(dá)文章中心思想的句子,它的出現(xiàn)有四種情況:
1)主題句在開頭。主題句出現(xiàn)在段落或文章的開頭部分,起著開宗明義、點(diǎn)明主題的作用,
它可以使讀者一開始就明白文章所講的內(nèi)容主旨。而支撐句則使用一些具體的人、物、數(shù)字
或具體的步驟來闡述或論證主題,常伴有forexample\i.e.\thatis\first\second\finally\once
\anothertime\foronething等詞。例如:
Intheexcitementithadfeltlikeonlyafewminutes,butwehadbeenwiththosewonderful
animalsforalmostanhourandahalf.Thatwasthesimpleandlastingbeautyoftheday,Nearly
fourdecadeslater,Istilllookbackfondlytothatgoldendayatsea.
54.whatisthethemeofthestory?(2010年湖北卷A篇)
A.Savinglivesbringspeopleasenseofhappiness
B.Fishingprovidesexcitementforchildren
C.Ifsnecessarytoliveinharmonywithanimals
D.It'svitaltoprotecttheenvironment
54.答案:A考點(diǎn)::考查主旨大意從文章最后一段可以概括出來
MyfewminuteswithMr.Galbreathchangedmylife.NowItrytotreateveryonewith
respect,nomatterwhoIthinktheyare,andnomatteranotherhumanbeingwithkindnessand
sincerity.
59.Whatisthemessagemainlyexpressedinthestory?(2010年重慶卷A篇)
A.Weshouldlearntobegenerous.B.Itishonorabletohelpthoseinneed.
C.Peopleinhighpositionsarenotlikewhatweexpect.
D.Weshouldavoidjudgingpeoplebytheirappearances.
解析:主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一句NowItrytotreateveryonewithrespect,nomatterwhoI
thinktheyare,andnomatteranotherhumanbeingwithkindnessandsincerity.可知,作者想要表
達(dá)的是不要以貌取人。由此判斷選D項(xiàng)。
Weoftendon'trememberthingsaswellwhenwe'retryingtomanageseveraldetailsatthe
sametime.Withoutmentalfocus,wemaynotpayenoughattentiontonewinformationcomingin,
soitnevermakesitintoourmemorystores.Thatisoneofthemainreasonsweforgetpeople's
names-evensometimesrightaftertheyhaveintroducedthemselves.Multitaskingcanalsoaffect
ourrelationships.Ifsomeonecheckstheire-mailwhileonthephonewithafriend,theymaycome
offasabsent-mindedordisinterested.Itcanalsocausethatpersontomissoroverlookkey
informationbeingpassedontothem.
52.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?(2010年浙江卷C篇)
A.Multitaskinghasbecomeawayoflife.B.Multitaskingoftenleadstoefficiencydecline.
C.Multitaskingexercisesneedtobeimproved.
D.Multitaskingenablespeopletorememberthingsbetter.
解析:主旨大意題。最后一段中作者繼續(xù)描述了之前的觀點(diǎn):一個人同時(shí)從事多項(xiàng)工作會出
現(xiàn)很多問題?;氐秸恼拢髡咧饕^點(diǎn)就是告訴大家:多項(xiàng)工作不能產(chǎn)生高效的結(jié)果,
故選擇B。
【考例分析1】71.Thepassageismainlyabout.(2009江西卷)
A.honourandwritersB.identityandsignature
C.signatureandresponsibilityD.anonymityandsignature【答案】C
【解析】考生可以快速瀏覽每段首尾兩句來確定每段的主題句,從而確定文章的主題句。
例如文章首段就舉例引出名字和責(zé)任的關(guān)系,從最后一句Responsibilityisthenameofthe
game可看出;第二段和第三段分別舉出兩個反例來論證,注意兩段的開頭的關(guān)鍵短語to
acceptresponsibilityfortherelationship和remainanonymousforvariousreasonso最后一段總
結(jié),與首段形成照應(yīng)。A項(xiàng)是斷章取義。命題者利用最后一段中的honour來命題,從而設(shè)
置干擾項(xiàng)。B、D兩項(xiàng)是以偏概全。Identity和anonymity只是在第三段提及。
[考例分析2]60.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?(2009湖南卷)
A.Theresearchintowarhistory.B.Thefindingofaforgottenhero.
C.Thepilotsofthetwoworldwars.D.Theimportanceofmilitarystudies.
【解析】文章講述由一張舊報(bào)紙上的照片重新發(fā)現(xiàn)英雄McKayde過程以及對McKay的了解
和評價(jià),所以B項(xiàng)正確。文章首段便是主題句。A項(xiàng)斷章取義,文章只是提到了一戰(zhàn),并
非講述歷史;C項(xiàng)似是而非,命題根據(jù)文中的pilot來設(shè)題迷惑考生,實(shí)際上只是講述了一
戰(zhàn)時(shí)的一位飛行員;D項(xiàng)無中生有,根本沒有提及軍事研究的重要性。
【考例分析3】45.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?(2009天津卷)
A.Thechangesoftheauthor'sattitudetohermother'sEnglish.
B.Thelimitationoftheauthor?sperceptionofhermother.
C.Theauthor'smisunderstandingof“l(fā)imited"English.
D.Theauthor'sexperiencesofusingbrokenEnglish.【答案]A
【解析】文章講述的是作者對母親的brokenEnglish由開始的“認(rèn)為是不完美的
(imperfect)”到后來逐漸認(rèn)識到母親的語言“內(nèi)涵豐富”的一個變化過程。首段點(diǎn)明主旨,
末段最后一句與之形成照應(yīng)。B、C兩項(xiàng)均以偏概全。B項(xiàng)是對第二、三段的概括,C項(xiàng)是
對最后一段的概括。D項(xiàng)是張冠李戴,實(shí)際上是作者的母親的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
2)主題句在結(jié)尾。用歸納法寫的文章,其結(jié)構(gòu)是表述細(xì)節(jié)的句子放在前面,概述性的句子
放在后面,并以此而結(jié)尾,所以結(jié)尾的句子起著總結(jié)歸納、畫龍點(diǎn)睛的作用,多伴有so
\therefore\thus\inshort\asaresult\thatiswhy等詞。例如:
【考例分析4】71.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?(2009北京卷)
A.Musiceducationdeservesmoreattention.B.Musicshouldbeoftopeducationpriority.
C.Musicisaneffectivecommunicationtool.
D.Musiceducationmakesstudentsmoreimaginative.【答案】A
【解析】文章強(qiáng)調(diào)音樂教育的重要性,應(yīng)當(dāng)引起人們的廣泛關(guān)注。最后一段的“Somusic
educationisfarmorenecessarythanpeopleseemtorealize.”是主題句。B項(xiàng)無中生有,文章沒
有提及topeducationpriority;C項(xiàng)是以偏概全,只是第四段的大意;D項(xiàng)是斷章取義,命題
者以第四段中的imagination為出題依據(jù)來迷惑考生。
[考例分析5]75.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?(2009重慶卷)
A.Scienceanditsapplicationsbringusmanydangers.
B.Thedevelopmentofsciencemostlyliesinpeople'sattitudes.
C.Mankindcanlargelytakecontrolofsciencewiththeirefforts.
D.Thefutureofsciencewillbeinlluencedbythedangerousideas.(答案]B.
【解析】文章主要講述了科學(xué)向好的方向還是壞的方向發(fā)展主要由人的態(tài)度決定。最后
一段點(diǎn)明主旨;A是項(xiàng)以偏概全,是第四段的大意;C項(xiàng)也是以偏概全,是第二段的大意;
D項(xiàng)斷章取義,命題者根據(jù)文中的dangerous和idea來出題迷惑考生,而實(shí)質(zhì)上并沒有表達(dá)
這樣的意思。
【考例分析6]68.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?(2009湖南卷)
A.Fishdietingandhumandieting.B.Dietingandhealth.
C.Humandieting.D.Fishdieting.【答案】D
【解析】本文主耍講述了魚類保持身體瘦小的原因。末段首句是文章的主題句。A項(xiàng)主
題擴(kuò)大,文章開始使用了人類瘦身與魚類瘦身相類比,目的在于引起讀者的興趣,但不是文
章敘述的主要內(nèi)容。B項(xiàng)無中生有,文章并沒有提及health°C項(xiàng)斷章取義,文章只是用human
dieting來襯托fishingdieto
3)主題句在中間。主題句出現(xiàn)在文章中間的情況通常是文章的開頭部分提出問題,陳述
細(xì)節(jié),導(dǎo)出主題句,然后再進(jìn)一步用細(xì)節(jié)支持說明主題句。在文章中間的主題句通常起著承上
啟下的作用。例如:
[考例分析7]56.Theauthorofthetextmainly.(2009陜西卷)
A.describestheactivitiesofalaw-breakerB.suggestsanidealwaytotravel
C.arguesagainsttheair-couriertravelD.tellsusaboutadevelopingbusiness
解析:本文介紹一個新型的職業(yè)——航空投送員。第六段最后一句點(diǎn)明主旨,答案D
艮[J:"Itisnotcheapfbrabusinesstosendapackagewithanaircourier,butitisquick.”。文章開
頭舉例以引起讀者的興趣,最后一段介紹這種新職業(yè)的發(fā)展情況。
值得注意的是:有些文章和段落無明顯的主題句,只是暗示性地體現(xiàn)主題。這就要求考生
在閱讀過程中,根據(jù)文章中所敘述的事實(shí)或提供的線索來概括和總結(jié)文章的大意。
2.理清層次關(guān)系,,選出最佳標(biāo)題
標(biāo)題是文章中心思想的精練表達(dá),多為一個名詞詞組,短小明了,函蓋性強(qiáng)“做這類題目時(shí),
要在閱讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上,把握好層次關(guān)系。注意選項(xiàng)的歸納范圍要恰如其分,干擾項(xiàng)往往是局
部信息,是某一小節(jié)或文章里的某一句。所以我們在解題時(shí)要反復(fù)推敲,把概括范圍過窄或
過寬的選項(xiàng)過濾掉。例如:
Whenyou'relyingonthewhitesandsoftheMexicanRiviera,thestresses(壓力)ofthe
worldseemamillionmilesaway.Hey,stop!Thisisnovacation-youhavetofinishsomething!
49.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?(2010年全國卷IIB篇)
A.AdventuresinTravelWritingB.WorkingasaFoodCritic
C.TravelGuidesontheMarketD.VacationingforaLiving
49.答案:D考點(diǎn)::考主旨大意
解析:提示在文章第一段結(jié)尾句“Hey,stop!Thisisnovacation-youhavetofinishsomething!,,
和第二段第二句"butitneveroccurredtomethatIcouldmakemoneydoingbothofthose
things,“說明了沒有想到“度假也可以謀生”的欣喜之情。
ToomuchTV-watchingcanharmchildren'sabilitytolearnandevenreducetheirchancesof
gettingacollegedegree,newstudiessuggestinthelatestefforttoexaminetheeffectsoftelevision
onchildren.
67.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthistext?(2010年遼寧卷C篇-節(jié)選自文章第一段)
A.ComputersorTelevisionB.EffectsofTelevisiononChildren
C.StudiesonTVandCollegeEducationD.TelevisionandChildren'sLearningHabits
67.B.主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,文章主要通過兩項(xiàng)研究分析了兒童看電視所造成的影
響。文章第一段第一句話是主題句,所以B項(xiàng)作為標(biāo)題是最佳的。
Toerrishuman.Toblametheotherguyisevenmorehuman.
Commonsenseisnotallthatcommon.
Whytellthetruthwhenyoucancomeupwithagoodexcuse?
Thesethreepopularmisquotes(戲謔的弓I語)aremeanttobejokes,andyettheytellusalot
abouthumannature.Toerr,ortomakemistakes,isindeedapartofbeinghuman,butitseems
thatmostpeopledon'twanttoaccepttheresponsibilityfortheproblem.Perhapsitisthenatural
thingtodo.Theoriginalquoteabouthumannaturewentlikethis:"Toerrishuman,toforgive,
divine(神圣的).“Thissayingmirrorsandealpeopleshouldbeforgivingofothers'mistakes.
Instead,wetendtodotheopposite-findsomeoneelsetopasstheblameonto.However,taking
responsibilityforsomethingthatwentwrongisamakingofgreatmaturity.
55.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforhispassage?(2010年天津卷D篇-文章第一部分)
A.AMirrorofHumanNatureB.ToBlameortoForgive
C.AMarkofMaturityD.TruthorExcuse
55.A.主旨大意題。從全文和引言后第一段倒數(shù)第二句可知文章標(biāo)題:人性的鏡子。
引言后第一段第三句可知:批評別人的錯誤
[考例8]75.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitileforthispassage?(2009福建卷)
A.SavingEnergyStartsatHome.B.ChangingOurHabitsBeginsatWork
C.ChangingClimateSoundsReasonable
D.ReducingEmissionsofCO2ProvesDifficult【答案】A
【解析】本文作者說明人們從日常生活的細(xì)節(jié)做起,從自己家庭開始,一點(diǎn)一滴著手保
護(hù)環(huán)境。文章首段最后一句是文章的主題句。接下來三段講述的是個人節(jié)約能源的方法。B
項(xiàng)是斷章取義。末段最后一句提到了B項(xiàng)內(nèi)容,但只是說明這是節(jié)約能源的方法之一;C
也是斷章取義,文章雖然提到個人的行為也能改變氣候,但這并非主題;D項(xiàng)是無中生有,
文章并沒有提到此項(xiàng)內(nèi)容。
3.抓住關(guān)鍵詞,判斷作者意圖
作者在描述事實(shí)或傳遞信息時(shí),不管他的意圖是什么,其觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度都不可避免地在文章
中反映出來。常見的涉及到作者態(tài)度的詞有褒義類此(approving,positive,optimistic,等),貶
義類詞(critical,pessimistic,doubtful,questioning)和中性類此(indifferent,serious,objective,
concerned,neutral)。這就要求考生在閱讀時(shí)應(yīng)特別注意文章的措辭,尤其注意那些表達(dá)感情色
彩的形容詞如improving,encouraging,disappointing,fail,ignore等,以及作者對人物語言、行
為和思想的描寫,從中領(lǐng)悟作者的寫作意圖和態(tài)度。例如:
【考例9]Theworldofmake-believeisnotnecessarilybad.Butwhentheworldoffantasy
becomestheonlyoutlet(出路)foroursenseofwonder,thenwearereallymissingsomething.We
aremissingaconnectionwiththelivingworld.Otherwonderfulworldsexistallaroundus.But
evenmoreinterestingisthatifwelookcloselyenough,wecanseethattheseworlds,inabroad
sense,arereallypartofourown.
75.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?(2010年重慶卷E篇)
A.Toshowusthehiddenbeautyinourworld.
B.Towarnusnottogetlostinthefantasyworld.
C.Toargueagainstthemisuseofthesenseofwonder.
D.Todiscusstheinfluenceoftheworldofmake-believe.
75.答案:Bo作者意圖題。由文章最后一段可知,作者寫這篇文章的目的就是要告訴我們
不要沉迷在幻想之中。由此判斷選B項(xiàng)。
65.Theauthorintendsto(2009山東卷)
A.makeconsumersawareofthepromoters9falsepromises
B.showtheweaknessofthelawonproductsafety
C.giveadviceonhowtokeepyoungandbeautiful
D.introducetheorganizationofFDA.[答案]A
【解析】通讀全文可知,作者的目的是讓消費(fèi)者注意虛假的承諾。注意第四段第一句中
的關(guān)鍵短語nothingmorethanmoney-makingthings,dangeroustohealth以及文章最后一句都
能體現(xiàn)作者的意圖。B、D兩項(xiàng)都是以偏概全;C項(xiàng)無中生有,文中根本沒有提及。
【考例分析10】68.Themainpurposeofthetextistotellparents.(2009海南、
寧夏卷)
A.howtogetalongwithateenagerB.howtorespectateenager
C.howtounderstandateenagerD.howtohelpateenagergrowup【答案]D
【解析】本文主要講了作為父母,我們應(yīng)該如何幫助孩子成長。首段最后一句是主題句。
注意這些關(guān)鍵詞句:giveyourchild...;teachyourteenager;expectalotfromchild等,這些都表
明了作者寫本文的目的。A項(xiàng)主題擴(kuò)大,和孩子相處包含很多內(nèi)容,而文章所講只是其中的
一個方面;B項(xiàng)以偏概全,在第二段最后提及,并非主題句;C項(xiàng)是無中生有,文章沒有提
及。
總之,主旨大意類題雖然綜合性強(qiáng),對考生的能力要求較高,但只要我們掌握了一定的解題
技巧,在讀懂讀透文章的基礎(chǔ)上,仔細(xì)對比四個備選項(xiàng)之間的內(nèi)涵與外延之間的差異,定能
準(zhǔn)確地找出正確答案。
二.細(xì)節(jié)題
正確答案的特點(diǎn):與原文情節(jié)表達(dá)手法不同,但所表達(dá)的意思相同。
干擾選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn):1.是原文信息,但與題目要求不符;
2.符合常識,但不符合原文內(nèi)容;
3.與原文情節(jié)極為相似,只是在程度上有些變動;
4.選項(xiàng)中所提供的信息部分正確,部分錯誤;
5.在意思上與原文大相徑庭甚至完全相反。
例如:ForNormanBethune,savingliveswasthemostimportantthingintheworld.
NormanBethunethoughtthat—.
A.hehimselfwasafamousdoctorintheworld
B.hecouldonlysavelivesbecausehewasadoctor
C.savingliveswasmoreimportantthananyotherthingforhim
D.intheworld,heshoulddonothingbutsavelives
1、直接事實(shí)題:
先讀題干,確定讀材料的時(shí)要查找的細(xì)節(jié)及事實(shí)的范圍,然后利用略讀手法找出出處。
2、間接事實(shí)題:
需結(jié)合上下文提供的語境和信息進(jìn)行簡單的概括和判斷。
3、事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題:主要考查學(xué)生對閱讀材料中的某一特定細(xì)節(jié)或文章的主要事實(shí)的理解
能力,問題主要包括詢問人(who)、物(what)、時(shí)間(when)、地點(diǎn)(where)、原因(cause)、結(jié)果
(effect).文中的數(shù)據(jù)(data)等。新聞、說明文、廣告信息等常??季唧w細(xì)節(jié)。
常見問題形式有
1.三正一誤(三項(xiàng)正確,只有一項(xiàng)不符合原文內(nèi)容)或三誤一正(三項(xiàng)錯誤,只有一項(xiàng)符合原文
容):
①.Whichofthefollowingistrue/falseexcept...?
②.Whichofthefollowingismentionedexcept...
2.定義3.年代與數(shù)字4.比較5.原因和結(jié)果
Theshowbusinessthingworkedout,ofcourse.Inhercareer,Marywonmanyawards.Only
recently,whenshebegantowriteGrowingUpAgain,didsheregretignoringhermorn,"Idon't
knowhowtouseacomputer/*sheadmits.
61.WhydidMaryfeelregretful?(2010年湖南卷)
A.Shedidn'tachieveherambition.B.Shedidn'ttakecareofhermother.
C.Shedidn'tcompleteherhighschool.D.Shedidn'tfollowhermother'sadvice.
61.答案D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。
解析:根據(jù)第二段“Onlyrecently,whenshebegantowriteGrowingUpAgain,didsheregret
ignoringhermom,ST判斷選D項(xiàng)。
62,Wecanknowthatbefore1995Mary(2010年湖南卷)
A.hadtwobookspublishedB.receivedmanycareerawards
C.knewhowtouseacomputerD.supportedtheJDRFbywriting
考點(diǎn)::細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案B
解析:根據(jù)第二段“Theshowbusinessthingworkedout,ofcourse.Inhercareer,Marywonmany
awards.”可判斷選B項(xiàng)。
Unlikeher1995autobiography,AfterAll,hersecondbookislessaboutlifeasanaward-winning
actressandmoreaboutlivingwithdiabetes(糖尿病).Allthemoneyfromthebookisintendedfor
theJuvenileDiabetesResearchFoundation(JDRF),anorganizationsheservesasinternational
chairman.nIfelttherewasaneedforabooklikethis,"shesays.MIdidn'twanttolecture,butI
wantedotherdiabeticstoknowthatthingsgetbetterwhenwe'reself-controlledanddoourpartin
managingthedisease.u
63.Mary*ssecondbookGrowingUpAgainismainlyabouther_:_(2010湖南卷)
A.livingwithdiabetesB.successfulshowbusiness
C.serviceforanorganizationD.remembranceofhermother
考點(diǎn)::細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案A
解析:根據(jù)第三段
aboutlivingwithdiabetes(糖尿?。?”可判斷選A項(xiàng)。
Everydayweexperienceoneofthewondersoftheworldarounduswithoutevenrealizingit.Itis
nottheamazingcomplexityoftelevision,northeimpressivetechnologyoftransport.The
universalwonderweshareandexperienceisourabilitytomakenoisewithoutmouths,andso
transmitideasandthoughtstoeachother'sminds.Thisabilitycomessonaturallythatwetendto
forgetwhatamiracle(奇跡)itis.
72.Accordingtothepassage,thewonderwetakeforgrantedis.(2010年江西E篇)
A.ourabilitytouselanguageB.themiracleoftechnology
C.theamazingpowerofnatureD.ourabilitytomakenoiseswithmouth
考點(diǎn)::細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案:A
題目:根據(jù)文章,我們認(rèn)為理所當(dāng)然的奇跡是:
A:我們使用語言的能力B:技術(shù)的奇跡C:自然的驚人力量
D:我們用嘴制造噪音的能力。
解析:根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句話Theuniversalwonderweshareandexperienceisourabilityto
makenoisewithoutmouths,andsotransmitideasandthoughtstoeachother'sminds.可知:我
們把使用語言的能力這個奇跡當(dāng)做理所當(dāng)然。B,C選項(xiàng)與文章不符,在第一段第二句話中可
得知。D選項(xiàng)易誤導(dǎo)學(xué)生,在文章中雖然有原話,但一句話沒有說完,關(guān)鍵是通過嘴巴發(fā)出
的聲音去給其他人傳遞信息。故D選項(xiàng)也是錯誤的。
Afteramonthoffeelingupset,Thomasdecidedhe'dbetterfindawaytofightback.Heleft
Canton,MichiganforNewYork,gotajobwaitingtables,nicknamedhimselftheDiabetic
Rockstar,andcreateddiabeticrockstar.com,afreeonlinecommunityfordiabeticsandtheirloved
ones—aplacewhereover1,100peoplesharepersonalstories,information,andresources.
57.Diabeitcrockstar.comwascreatedfor.(2010年山東卷A篇)
A.diabeticstocommunicateB.volunteerstofindjobs
C.childrentoamusethemselvesD.rockstarstoshareresources.
考點(diǎn)::細(xì)節(jié)理解題。答案:A
解析:根據(jù)afreeonlinecommunityfordiabeticsandtheirlovedones-aplacewhereover1,100
peoplesharepersonalstories,information,andresources可知A項(xiàng)正確。
Thesedays,Thomas*smainfocusishischarity(慈善機(jī)構(gòu)),FightIt,whichprovidesmedicines
andsuppliestopeople—225todate—whocan'taffordadiabetic'shugeexpenses.Fight-it.orghas
raisedabout$23,000-inproductsandincash.InMay,ThomaswillholdthefirstannualDiabetic
RockstarFestivalintheCaribbean.
59.WhatcanwelearnaboutFightIt?(2010年山東卷A篇)
A.Ithelpsthediabeticsinfinancialdifficulties.B.Itorganizespartiesforvolunteeronceayear.
C.Itofferslessexpensivemedicinetodiabetics.D.Itownsawell-knownmedicalwebsite.
解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FightIt,whichprovidesmedicinesandsuppliestopeople—225to
date—whocan'taffordadiabetic'shugeexpenses.Fight-it.orghasraisedabout$23,000—in
productsandincash.可知A項(xiàng)正確。
Annantrout,anativeCalifornian,receivedherbachelor\degreeatUCBerkeley,whereshe
studiedwithnotedpoetDeniseLevertov,andhermaster'sincreativewritingfromSanFrancisco
StateUniversity.SheisafoundingmemberofLanguagePoets,agroupinAmericanpoetrythat
analyzesthewaylanguageisusedandraisesquestionstomakethereaderthink.
67.WhichofthefollowingistrueofRaeArmantrout?(2010年山東卷C篇)
A.Shepublishedapoetrytextbook.B.SheusedtoteachDeniseLevertov.
C.Shestartedapoets'groupwithothers.
D.ShetaughtcreativewritingatUCBerkeley.
解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的SheisafoundingmemberofLanguagePoets,agroup
inAmericanpoetry可知C項(xiàng)正確。
Manysportsencouragenationalorlocalpride.Themostfamousgamesofall,theOlympic
Games,bringathletesfromaroundtheworldtogethertotakepartinfriendlycompetition.People
whowatchtheeventwaveflags,knowingthatagoldmedalisawinforanentirecountry,notjust
theathletewhoearnedit.Forcountriesexperiencingnaturaldisastersorwar,anOlympicwincan
meansomuch.
43.Accordingtothepassage,whyiswinningOlympicmedalssoencouraging?(2010天津卷B
篇)
A.Itinspirespeople'sdeeploveforthecountry.
B.Itprovestheexceptionalskillsofthewinners.
C.Ithelpsthecountryoutofnaturaldisasters.
D.Itearnsthewinnersfameandfortune.
43.A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的Peoplewhowatchtheeventwaveflags,knowingthata
goldmedalisawinfbranentirecountry,notjusttheathletewhoearnedit.可知A項(xiàng)正確。
Thisstory-whichhappenedbeforeIwasborn—remindsmehowextraordinarymymother
was,andisalsoagiftedmathematician.IfeelembarrassedthatIcomplainaboutnothaving
enoughchild-freetimetowork.Later,whenmymotherisinthebathroom,Igointoherkitchen
andturnoverthebreadboards.Sureenough,onthebackofthesmallestone,aresomepenciled
marksIrecognizeasmathematics.Thosesymbolshavetraveledunaffectedthroughfiftyyears,
rootedinthesoilofacheapwoodenbreadboard,invisible(看不到的)exhibitsateverymeal.
48.Theauthorfeelsembarrassedfor.(2010年天津卷C篇)
A.blaminghermotherwrongly.B.givinghermotheralotoftrouble.
C.notmakinggooduseoftimeashermotherdid.
D.notmakinganybreakthroughinherfield.
48.C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。最后——段中有IfeelembarrassedthatIcomplainaboutnothavingenough
child-freelimetowork.可知答案。
Thesethreepopularmisquotes(戲謔的弓卜語)aremeanttobejokes,andyettheytellusalot
abouthumannature.Toerr,ortomakemistakes,isindeedapartofbeinghuman,butitseems
thatmostpeopledon'twanttoaccepttheresponsibilityfbrtheproblem.Perhapsitisthenatural
thingtodo.Theoriginalquoteabouthumannaturewentlikethis:''Toerrishuman,toforgive,
divine(神圣的).“Thissayingmirrorsandealpeopleshouldbeforgivingofothers'mistakes.
Instead,wetendtodotheopposite-findsomeoneelsetopasstheblameonto.However,taking
responsibilityforsomethingthatwentwrongisamakingofgreatmaturity.
52.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisasignofaman'smaturity?(2010年天津卷D篇)
A.Doingthingshisownway.B.Bearingresponsibilityforhismistakes.
C.Makingasfewmistakesaspossible.D.Thinkingseriouslyabouthiswrongdoing.
52.B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句話However,takingresponsibilityforsomethingthat
wentwrongisamakingofgreatmaturity.可得出答案。
SaratriedtobefriendheroldfriendSteve'snewwife,butBettyneverseemedtohaveanythingto
say.WhileSarafeltBettydidn'tholdupherendoftheconversation,BettycomplainedtoSteve
thatSaranevergaveherachancetotalk.Theproblemhadtodowithexpectationsaboutpacing
andpausing.
64.WhatdidSarathinkofBettywhentalkingwithher?(2010年匕京卷)
A.Bettywastalkative.B.Bettywasaninterrupter.
C.Bettydidnottakeherturn.D.BettypaidnoattentiontoSara.
64.C細(xì)節(jié)題,難題。難在弄不清誰是S誰是B,耐心讀,動筆劃,從第一段得出正確答
案并不難:SarafeltBettydidn'tholdupherendoftheconversation
Fullgovernmentfunding(資助)isnotverygoodforuniversities.AdamSmithworkedina
Scottishuniversitywhoseteacherslivedoffstudentfees.Heknewandlookeddownupon
18th-centuryOxford,wheretheacademicslivedcomfortablyofftheincomereceivedfromthe
government.Guaranteedsalaries,Smithargued,weretheenemyofhardwork;andwhenthe
academicswerelazyandincompetent,thestudentsweresimilarlylazy.
69.Theauthorthinksthatwithfullgovernmentfunding(2010年北京卷)
A.teachersarelesssatisfiedB.studentsaremoredemanding
C.studentswillbecomemorecompetentD.teacherswillspendlesstimeonteaching
69.D細(xì)節(jié)題,簡單題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞"fullgovernmentfunding”定位原文,根據(jù)”文題順序
一致"原則從上一題them后面去找,會找至Fullgovernmentfunding(資助)isnotverygoodfor
universities....andwhentheacademicswerelazyandincompetent,thestudentsweresimilarly
lazy,"lazy"轉(zhuǎn)換成"spendlesstime”不難得出正確選項(xiàng)。
例1.ManyAmericanpresidentsinthe19thcenturywereborninpoorfamilies.Theyspent
theirchildhoodinlittlewoodenrooms.Theygotlittleeducation.WashingtonandLincoln,for
example,neverwenttoschoolandtheytaughtthemselves.Lincolnoncedidjobsofaworker,
shop-keeperandpostofficerinhisearlyyears.
AlargenumberofU.Spresidentshadexperiencesinthearmy.Thetwobestknownwere
UlyssesGrant(尤利塞斯?格蘭特)andDwightD.Eisenhower(德懷特?艾森豪威爾).Grant
wasageneralintheAmericanCivilWarandEisenhowerwasaherointheSecondWorldWarIt
happenedthattheygraduatedfromthesameschool-WestPointMilitaryAcademy(西點(diǎn)軍
校)
Q:PresidentEisenhowerbecamewell-known.
A.whilestudyinginWestPointMilitaryAcademyB.duringtheAmericanCivilWar
C.afterhewaselectedPresidentoftheU.S.D.duringWorldWarII.
例2.1nvitedbyMr.YeHuixian,hostofthewellreceivedTVprogramme"StarsTonight",Miss
LuoLin,MissAsiaof1991,appearedastheguesthostessontheShanghaiTVscreenlast
BorninShanghaiandtakentoHongKongwhenshewasonlysixyearsold,LuoLinhas
neverdreamedofbeingMissAsia.Herchildhooddreamwastobeanairhostess.Beforeshetook
partinthecompetition,shehadbeenanairhostessinCathayAirlineforsevenyears.
However,itstilltookherthreemonthstolearntheartofwalkingonthestage,dancing,singing,
making-upandotherpropermanners,
"It'sreallyahardjobfbrme.Iwon'tenterforsuchcompetitionanymore.Anyhow,Iam
quitelucky.IamalsogladtohavehadmorechancetoworkforthesocialwelfaresinceIwonthe
title.Thistime,inShanghai,I'dlovetomakeadeepimpressiononmyTVaudience,'*saidLuo
Linwithasweetsmile.
Q:
C.LuoLinwonthetitleofMissAsiain1991.
三.猜狽!I詞義題:詞、短語意思的猜測主要依據(jù)它所在段落的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行。如果該段落比
較短,信息量不足,那么與之相鄰的上下兩個段落的內(nèi)容則是猜詞義的重要依據(jù)。
1.詞義猜測題常用的提問方式:
l).Thewordrefersto/probablymeans/couldbestbereplacedby.
2).Theword"...”ismostlikelytomean.
3).Whatdoyouthinktheexpression"…"standsfbr?
4).Theunderlinedwordmeans...............
2.猜測詞義方法
l).Definition定義法2).Contrast對比法3).Similarity相似法4).Causeandeffect因果法
5).Example例舉法6).WordFormation構(gòu)詞法7).Context上下文8).CommonSense常識法
l).Definition定義法:一般通過定義、定語(從句)或同位語(從句)來確定詞義。
①?Itwillbeveryhardbutverybrittle——thatis,itwillbreakeasily.()
②.Theherdsman、wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.()
2).Contrast對比法:利用文中的反義詞以及表對比關(guān)系的詞(組)猜測詞義。
Ihateddinnerparties.ButIdecidedtogivethemanothershotbecausePminLondon.Andmy
friendMalleryinvitedme.
60.Whatdoestheword"shot"inParagraph1probablymean?(2010年遼寧卷)
A.Choice.B.TryC.Style.D.Goal
60.B.詞義猜測題。從第一句的hate,到but意義上的轉(zhuǎn)折,說明盡管不喜歡,還是要“嘗
試一下“,所以try的意思更接近shoto
①.Mostofusagreed,however,Billdissented.()
②.Sheisusuallyprommforallherclasses,buttodayshearrivedinthemiddleofherfirstclass.
A.ontimeB.lateC.slowlyD.quickly
3).Similarity相似法:利用同義詞、近義詞或詞組猜測詞義。
??Cleaningupwaterwaysisanenormoustask.Thejobissolarge,infact,thatthe
governmentmaynotbeabletosave
溫馨提示
- 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
- 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
- 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
- 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
- 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
- 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。
最新文檔
- 2024成都居間合同涉及知識產(chǎn)權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓
- 2024電腦產(chǎn)品購銷合同集錦
- 2025年度食堂檔口租賃合同范本詳細(xì)內(nèi)容3篇
- 2024版酒吧承包合同范本
- 2025年度終止某市某小區(qū)房屋租賃合同書
- 個性化酒瓶包裝考核試卷
- 2025年度綠化苗木病蟲害防治與承包版合同
- 2025礦山綠色礦業(yè)發(fā)展與合作轉(zhuǎn)讓合同
- 太陽能器具在地下停車場照明中的應(yīng)用考核試卷
- 體育場館體育設(shè)施智能化技術(shù)應(yīng)用趨勢預(yù)測分析考核試卷
- JT∕T 794-2011 道路運(yùn)輸車輛衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng) 車載終端技術(shù)要求
- 西南師大版五年級上冊小數(shù)乘除法豎式計(jì)算題200道及答案
- 再生障礙性貧血課件
- AQ/T 2061-2018 金屬非金屬地下礦山防治水安全技術(shù)規(guī)范(正式版)
- 2024年湖北三江航天江河化工科技有限公司招聘筆試沖刺題(帶答案解析)
- 采購人員管理制度
- 礦卡司機(jī)安全教育考試卷(帶答案)
- SYT 6963-2013 大位移井鉆井設(shè)計(jì)指南
- 合同增項(xiàng)補(bǔ)充協(xié)議書范本
- 產(chǎn)后抑郁癥的護(hù)理查房
- 五年級上冊數(shù)學(xué)脫式計(jì)算300題及答案
評論
0/150
提交評論