職稱英語理工類c級模擬58

職稱英語理工類C級模擬58

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)

下面每個句子中均有1個詞或者短語畫有底橫線，請為每處畫線部分確定一個意義最為

接近的選項(xiàng)。

1>Thepriceofvegetablesfluctuatesaccordingtotheweather.

A.jumpsB.risesC.fallsD.changes

2、Didyoudothattoirritateher?

A.teaseB.attractC.annoyD.protect

3、Marylookedpaleandweary.

A.illB.tiredC.worriedD.peaceful

4、Thewaterinthispartoftheriverhasbeencontaminatedbysewage（污水）.

A.pollutedB.downgradedC.mixedD.blackened

5、Hertreatmentofthesubjectisexhaustive.

A.veryboringB.verythoroughC.veryinterestingD.very

touching

6、Aliceisafascinatinggirl.

A.beautifulB.prettyC.attractiveD.pleasant

7、Hermoodcanbegaugedbyherreactiontothemosttrivialofincidents.

A.displayedB.shownC.provedD.assessed

8、TheoldladyletherflattoanEnglishcouple.

A.offeredB.rentedC.providedD.sold

9、Shestoodthere,cryingandtremblingwithfear.

A.shakingB.staggeringC.strugglingD.murmu

ring

10、Theystrolledaroundthelakeforanhourorso.

A.ranB.rolledC.walkedD.raced

11>Theconclusioncanbededucedfromthepremises.

A.arguedB.derivedC.permittedD.come

12、Icannolongertoleratehisactions.

A.putupwithB.acceptC.takeD.sufferfrom

13、Ourplanistoallocateonememberofstafftohandleappointments.

A.askB.persuadeC.assignD.order

14、Sallylikestoteaseherbrotherabouthisgirlfriends.

A.laughatB.charmC.criticizeD.respect

15、Iexpectthatshewillbeabletocaterforyourparticularneeds.

A.supplyB.reachC.provideD.meet

第2部分：閱讀判斷

下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子作出判斷：如果該句提供

的是正確的信息，請選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯誤的信息，請選擇B；如果該句的信

息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。

TheThreattoKiribati

ThepeopleofKiribatiareafraidthatonedayinthenot-too-distantfuture,

theircountrywilldisappearfromthefaceoftheearthliterally.Thisyear,

thePacificislandnationhasbeenfloodedbysuddenhightideseveraltimes.

Thesetides,whichsweptacrosstheislandanddestroyedhouses,camewhen

therewasneitherwindnorrain."Thisneverhappenedbefore,*'saytheolder

citizensofKiribati.

Whatiscausingthesemysterioushightides?Theanswermaywellbeglobal

warming.Whenfuelslikeoilandcoalarebeingburned,pollutants（污染物）

arereleased；thesepollutantstrapheatintheearth1satmosphere.Warmer

temperaturescausewatertoexpandandalsocreatemorewaterbymeltingglaciers

（冰川）andpolar（極土也的）icecaps.

Ifthetrendcontinueszthescientistssay,manycountrieswillsuffer.

Bangladesh,forexample,mightloseone-fifthofitsland.Thecoral（珊瑚）

islandnationsofthePacific,likeKiribatiandtheMarshallIslandszhowever,

wouldfaceanevenworsefate—theywouldbeswallowedbythesea.Theloss

ofthesecoralislandswouldbeeveryone1sloss.Coralformationsarehome

tomorespeciesthananyotherplaceonearth.

Thepeopleofthesenationsfeelfrustrated.Thesea,onwhichtheireconomies

havealwaysbeenbased,issuddenlythreateningtheirexistence.Theydon*t

havethemoneyforexpensivetechnologicalsolutionslikeseawalls.Andthey

havenocontroloverthepollutantszwhicharebeingreleasedmainlyby

activitiesinlargeindustrializedcountries.Alltheycandoistohopethat

industrializedcountrieswilltakestepstoreducepollution.

16、ThepeopleofKiribatiworrythatonedaytheircountrywillbetaken

awaybyasuddenhightide.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>HightidesusedtoattackKiribatiwhentherewasstrongwindorheavy

rain.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18、Theheatreleasedbyburningoilandcoalisthedirectcauseofglobal

warming.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>Scientistsarenotsurehowserioustheeffectsofglobalwarmingwill

be.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、ThecoralislandnationsofthePacifichavealonghistoryofcivilization.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21、Thepeopleofthecoralislandnationsareunabletodoanythingsubstantial

abouttheproblemofglobalwarming.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Someindustrializedcountriesareunwillingtospendmoneyinreducing

pollution.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測試任務(wù)：（1）第23?26題要求從所給的6個選項(xiàng)中為第2?5段每段

選擇1個最佳標(biāo)題；（2）第27?30題要求從所給的6個選項(xiàng)中為每個句子確定1個最佳選

項(xiàng)。

Women1sRightsMovement

1.Women1srightsareguaranteesofpolitical,social,andeconomicequality

forwomeninasocietythattraditionallygivesmorepowerandfreedomto

men.Amongtheserightsarecontrolofproperty,equalityofopportunityin

educationandemployment,rightofvoting,andfreedomofmarriage.Today,

completepolitical,economic,andsocialequalitywithmenremainstobe

achieved.

2.Malecontrolwasobviousfromthetimeoftheearliestwrittenhistorical

records,probablyasaresultofmen*sroteinhuntingandwarfare.Thebelief

thatwomenwerenaturallyweakerandinferiortomenwasalsofoundin

god-centeredreligions.Thereforezinmosttraditionalsocieties,women

generallywereatadisadvantage.Theireducationwaslimitedtolearning

domesticskillszandtheyhadnoaccesstopositionsofpower.Awomanhad

nolegalcontroloverherperson,herownlandandmoney,orherchildren.

3.TheAgeofEniightenmentandtheIndustrialRevolution,whichcaused

economicandsocialprogresszprovidedafavorableclimatefortheriseof

women*srightsmovementinthelate18thandthe19thcentury.In1848more

than100personsheldthefirstwomen*srightsconventioninNewYork,and

thefeministsdemandedequalrights,includingthevote.

4.Inthelate1960swomenmadeupabout40percentoftheworkforcein

England,France,Germany,andtheUnitedStates.Thisfigurerosetomore

than50percentbythemid-1980s.AcommissionunderthePresidentwas

establishedin1960toconsiderequalopportunitiesforwomen.ActsofCongress

entitledthemtoequalityineducation,employment,andlegalrights.In1964

theCivilRightsActzinitiallyintendedonlyforblackszwasextendedto

women.

5.Theobjectivesofthewomen*smovementincludedequalpayforequal

work,federalsupportforday-carecenters,recognitionoflesbian（女性同

性戀）rights,makingabortionlegalzandthefocusofseriousattentionon

theproblemsofforcedsexrelations,wifeandchildbeating,anddiscrimination

againstolderandminoritywomen.

A.Goals

B.HistoryofWomen*sRightsMovement

C.Startofwomen*sRightsMovement

D.TraditionalStatusofWomen

E.RightsofWomen

F.Development

23、Paragraph2

24、Paragraph3

25、Paragraph4

26>Paragraph5

27、A.late18thcentury

B.equaleducationandemploymentwithmen

C.weakerandlowerinsocialposition

D.early20thcentury

E.herchildren

F.therightsofvoting

Insomereligions,womenwereconsidered.

28>Traditionallythelawdidnotallowwomentohavethecontrolover.

29、Women1srightsmovementstartedinthe.

30>ActsofCongressgavewomentherightsof.

第4部分：閱讀理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個最佳選項(xiàng)。

第一篇

NewFoodsandtheNewWorld

Inthelast500yearsznothingaboutpeople—nottheirclothes,ideas,or

languageshavechangedasmuchaswhattheyeat.Theoriginalchocolatedrink

wasmadefromtheseedsofthecocoatree（可可樹）bySouthAmericanIndians.

TheSpanishintroducedittotherestoftheworldduringthe1500's.And

althoughitwasveryexpensive,itquicklybecamefashionable.InLondon,

shopswherechocolatedrinkswereservedbecameimportantmeetingplaces.

Somestillexisttoday.

ThepotatoisalsofromtheNewWorld,around1600；theSpanishbrought

itfromPerutoEurope,whereitsoonwaswidelygrown.Irelandbecameso

dependentonitthatthousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedwhenthecropfailed

duringthe"PotatoFamine荒）"of1845—1846,andthousandsmorewereforced

toleavetheirhomelandandmovetoAmerica.

TherearemanyotherfoodsthathavetraveledfromSouthAmericatothe

OldWorld.Butsomeotherswentintheoppositedirection.Brazilisnowthe

world*slargestgrowerofcoffee,andcoffeeisanimportantcropinColombia

andotherSouthAmericancountries.ButitisnativetoEthiopia,acountry-

inAfrica.ItwasfirstmadeintoadrinkbyArabsduringthe14001s.

AccordingtoanArabiclegend,coffeewasdiscoveredwhenapersonnamed

Kaldinoticedthathisgoatswereattractedtotheredberriesonacoffee

bush.Hetriedoneandexperiencedthe"wide-awakenfeelingthatone-third

oftheworld1spopulationnowstartsthedaywith.

31、Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowinghaschangedthemost

inthelast500years?

A.Food.B.Clothing.

C.Ideology.D.Language.

32>nSome"inthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphrefersto.

A.somecocoatreesB.somechocolatedrinks

C.someshopsD.someSouthAmericanIndians

33、ThousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedduringthenPotatoFaminenbecause.

A.theyweresodependentonpotatoesthattheyrefusedtoeatanything

else

B.theywereforcedtoleavetheirhomelandandmovetoAmerica

C.theweatherconditionsinIrelandwerenotsuitableforgrowingpotatoes

D.thepotatoharvestwasbad

34、Whichcountryisthelargestcoffeeproducer?

A.Brazil.B.Colombia.

C.Ethiopia.D.Egypt.

35、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.One-thirdoftheworld1spopulationdrinkscoffee.

B.CoffeeisnativetoColombia.

C.Coffeecankeeponeawake.

D.CoffeedrinkswerefirstmadebyArabs.

弟一^扁

PleaseFastenYourSeatbelts

Severeturbulence（湍流）cankillaircraftpassengers.Now,intestflights

overtheRockyMountains,NASA（美國航空航天局）engineershavesuccessfully

detectedclear-airturbulenceupto10secondsbeforeanaircrafthitsit.

Clear-airturbulenceoftencatchespilotsbysurprise.Invisibletoradar,

itisdifficulttoforecastitandcanhurl（用力拋出去）passengersoutofthe

cabin.InDecember1997zonepassengerdiedandahundredotherswereinjured

whenunexpectedroughaircausedaUnitedAirlinesflightoverthePacific

todrop300metersinafewseconds.

However,passengerscanavoidseriousinjurybyfasteningtheirseatbelts.

"Itistheonlyantidote（對策）forthissortofthing,"saysRodBogue,project

manageratNASA*sDrydenFlightResearchCenterinEdwards,California.

Thecentre*snewturbulencedetectorisbasedonlidar,laser,orradar.

Laserpulsesaresentaheadoftheplaneandthesearethenreflectedback

byparticlesintheair.ThetechniquedependsontheDopplerEffect.The

wavelengthofthelightshiftsaccordingtothespeedatwhichtheparticles

areapproaching.Incalmair,thespeedequalstheplane*sairspeed.Butas

theparticlesswirl（打旋）inroughair,theirspeedofapproachincreases

ordecreasesrapidly.Therateofchangeinspeedcorrespondstotheseverity

（激烈程度）oftheturbulence.

Inaseriesofteststhatbeganlastmonth,aresearchjetflewrepeatedly

intodisturbedairoverthemountainridges（ill脈）nearPueblo,Colorado.The

lidardetectorspottedturbulencebetween3and8kilometersahead,andits

forecastsofstrengthanddurationcorrespondedcloselywiththeturbulence

thattheplaneencountered.

Boguesaysthathehad"acomfortableamountoftimentofastenhisseatbelt.

Theresearchersareplanningtoimprovethelidar1srangewithamorepowerful

beam.Thesystemcouldbeinstalledoncommercialaircraftinthenextfew

years.

36、Whatdoes"clear-airturbulence'1probablymean?（Paragraph1）

A.Anotveryroughstorm.B.Unexpecteddisturbedair.

C.Akindofvisiblestorm.D.Astormovermountainridges.

37、InDecember1997zaUnitedAirlinesflighthitunexpectedroughair.

A.causingalotofdamagetotheplane

B.throwingitspassengersoutofthecabin

C.resultinginheavycasualties

D.forcingthepilottomakeanemergencylanding

38、Theturbulencedetectorcantelltheseverityoftheturbulencebymeasuring

A.thespeedoftheplaneB.thespeedofthelight

C.thenumberofparticlesintheairD.thechangesoftheparticles*

speed

39、Wecaninferfromthefifthparagraphthat.

A.thelidardetectorcansuccessfullyforecastturbulence

B.researchersarenotsureabouttheeffectivenessofthelidardetector

C.passengerplaneswillbeusedinfurtherexperiments

D.nomoretestflightsareneeded

40、Thelastparagraphtellsuszamongotherthings,that.

A.thelidardetectorneedsimprovement

B.manyairlinesareinterestedinthesystem

C.passengersoftenforgettofastentheirseatbelts

D.thelidardetectorcanbeusedinawiderangeofareas

7第J-二-篇4H3

"Salty11RicePlantBoostsHarvests

Britishscientistsarebreedinganewgenerationofriceplantsthatwill

beabletogrowinsoilcontainingsaltwater.Theirworkmayenableabandoned

farmstobecomeproductiveoncemore.

TimFlowersandTonyYeo,fromSussexUniversity*sSchoolofBiological

Sciences,havespentseveralyearsresearchinghowcrops,suchasricezcould

bemadetogrowinwaterthathasbecomesalty.

Thepairhasrecentlybegunathree-yearprogramme,fundedbythe

BiotechnologyandBiologicalSciencesResearchCouncil,toestablishwhich

genesenablesomeplantstosurvivesaltyconditions.Theaimistobreed

thiscapabilityintocrops,startingwithrice.

Itisestimatedthateachyearmorethan10Mhectares（公頃）ofagricultural

landarelostbecausesaltgetsintothesoilandstunts（妨礙生長）plants.

Theproblemiscausedbyseveralfactors.Inthetropicszmangroves（紅樹

林）thatcreateswamps（沼澤）andtraditionallyformedbarrierstoseawater

havebeencutdown.IntheMediterranean；aseriesofdroughtshavecaused

thewatertabletodrop,allowingseawatertoseep（滲透）in.InLatinAmerica,

irrigationoftencausesproblemswhenwaterisevaporated（蒸發(fā)）bytheheatz

leavingsaltdepositsbehind.

Excesssaltthenenterstheplantsandpreventsthemfunctioningnormally.

Heavyconcentrationsofmineralsintheplantsstopthemdrawingupthewater

theyneedtosurvive.

Toovercometheseproblems,FlowersandYeodecidedtobreedriceplants

thattakeinverylittlesaltandstorewhattheydoabsorbincellsthat

donotaffecttheplants1growth.Theyhavestartedtobreedthese

characteristicsintoanewricecrop,butitwilltakeabouteightharvests

beforetheresultingseedsarereadytobeconsideredforcommercialuse.

Oncethecharacteristicsforsurvivingsaltysoilareknown,Flowersand

Yeowilltrytobreedtheappropriategenesintoallmannersofcropsand

plants.Landthathasbeenabandonedtonaturewillthenbeabletobloom

again,providingmuchneededfoodinthepoorercountriesoftheworld.

41>WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutFlowersandYeoistrue?

A.TheyarestudentsatSussexUniversity.

B.Theyarericebreeders.

C.Theyarehusbandandwife.

D.Theyarecolleaguesataninstitutionofhigherlearning.

42、FlowersandYeohavestartedaprogramme.

A.tofindwaystopreventwaterpollution

B.toidentifygenesthatpromotegrowthinsaltysoil

C.tobreedriceplantsthattastesalty

D.tofindwaystoremoveexcessivesaltfromsoil

43、WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacauseoftheproblemdiscussed

inthepassage?

A.Naturalbarrierstoseawaterhavebeendestroyed.

B.Thewatertablehasgonedownafterdroughts.

C.Sealevelhasbeencontinuouslyrising.

D.Evaporationofwaterleavessaltbehind.

44、Theword"affect11inParagraph6couldbebestreplacedby.

A.influenceB.effect

C.stopD.present

45、Theattitudeoftheauthortowardstheresearchprojectis.

A.positiveB.negative

C.suspiciousD.indifferent

第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文

下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個句子，其中5個取自短文，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分

別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。

StarsinTheirEyes

TheScientificAmericanBookoftheCosmoseditedbyDavidLevy,Macmillan,

￡20,ISBN0333782933.

Previousgenerationsofscientistswouldhavekilledtoknowwhatweknow.

Forthefirsttimeinhistory,wehaveaprettygoodideaofthematerial

contentoftheUniverse,ourpositionwithinitandhowthewholethingcame

intobeing.

Inthesetimesofexplodingknowledge,thereisadefiniteneedtotake

stockandassemblewhatweknowinapalatable（受歡迎的）form.46

TheessaysinTheScientificAmericanBookoftheCosmoshavebeenselected

byDavidLevy,co-discovererofCometShoemaker-Levy9,whichin1994struck

Jupiterwiththeviolenceofseveralfull-scalenuclearwars.47Thisis

certainlyagreatcollectionofessays,butitisnot,asthebookpromises,

aseamless（完美的，無縫隙的）synthesisofourcurrentknowledge.

NobodycanfaulttherangeofarticlesLevyhasincluded.Thereareessays

ontheplanets,moonsandassorteddebris（碎片）intheSolarSystem,andon

ourGalaxy,theMilkyWay.48

Thecontributors,too,arestarsintheirownfields.Notmanybookscan

boastchapterswrittenbysuchgiantsasErwinSchrodingerandFrancisCrick.

MypersonalfavoritesareapiercinglyclearessaybyAlbertEinsteinongeneral

relativityandanarticlebyAlanGuthandPaulSteinhardtontheinflationary

（膨脹的）Universe.

Somuchforthebook*scontent.ButLevyhasnotsucceededinproviding

anaccuratesynthesisofourcurrentknowledgeofthecosmoszwhichthebook

jacketpromises.Gatheringtogetherpreviouslypublishedarticlesinevitably

leavessubjectgaps,missingexplanationsandsoon.49Butthereisn*t

one.Infact,surprisinglyforabooksodenselypackedwithinformation,

thereisnoindex.

Collectingessaysinthiswayisclearlyagoodpublishingwheeze（妙

計(jì)）,Butthisapproachshortchangesthepublic,whowouldbebetterserved

byanaccountmoldedintoaseamlesswhole.50However,forthenextedition,

please,pleasecanwehaveanindex?

A.Tegmarkfearshemayholdtherecordforthelongesttimetakentoread

onebook.

B.Inamorepositivevein,thisisawonderfulcollectionofessaysto

dipinandoutofifyoualreadyhaveagoodoverview（概述）ofcurrentcosmic

understanding.

C.Levyisanactiveastronomerandanaccomplishedwriter,soyou1dexpect

himtoprovideabroadandaccuratepictureofourcurrentunderstandingof

thecosmos.

D.ScientificAmericanhasattemptedtocatertothisneedbybringing

togetheressaysthathaveappearedinthemagazines.

E.To