財(cái)務(wù)管理專業(yè)英語unit1省公開課金獎(jiǎng)全國賽課一等獎(jiǎng)微課獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

Unitone(A)：IntroductiontoFinancialManagement1/36

Teachingobjectives:Afterlearningthissection,thestudentsarerequiredto:graspsomeofbasictheoriesrelatedtofinancialmanagement;graspsomeimportantwordsandexpressions;haveabetterunderstandingofthefinancialmanagementandfinancialmanager;understandbrieflythefinancialmanagementdecision.2/36WisdomMoneybegets(orbreedsorgets)money.——AnonymousBoundlessriskmustpayforboundlessgain.——WilliamMomis3/36Minicase

DellComputermanufactures,sells,andservicespersonalcomputers.Thecompanymarketsdirectlytoitscustomersandbuildscomputersafterreceivingacustomerorder.Thisbuild-to-ordermodelenablesDelltohavemuchsmallerinvestmentinworkingcapitalthanitscompetitors.Dellhasgrownquicklyandhasbeenabletofinancethatgrowthinternallybyitsefficientuseofworkingcapitalanditsprofitabillity.4/36Readtheminicaseandthink:1.What’stheDell’sSalesphilosophy?2.Findthespecializedvocabularyoffinancialmanagement?5/36Dell銷售理念

按照客戶要求制造計(jì)算機(jī)，并向客戶直接發(fā)貨，使戴爾企業(yè)能夠最有效和明確地了解客戶需求，繼而快速做出回應(yīng)。這個(gè)直接商業(yè)模式消除了中間商，這么就降低了無須要成本和時(shí)間，讓戴爾企業(yè)更加好地了解客戶需要。6/36wordsstudy1.financialmanagement財(cái)務(wù)管理2.decision-making決議，決議investmentdecisions;financingdecisions;3.acquisition收購（purchase)acquire取得

acquisitionandlossofownership

全部權(quán)取得和喪失4.publiclytradedcorporations上市企業(yè)listedcorporationstockispublicly

tradedbutmostisheldbyafewshareholderswhohavenoplanstosell

股票公開買賣，不過大部分股票被少數(shù)不計(jì)劃賣出股東控制。7/365.vicepresidentoffinance財(cái)務(wù)副總裁chieffinancialofficer(CFO)首席財(cái)務(wù)官chiefexecutiveofficer(CEO)首席執(zhí)行官6.pivotal關(guān)鍵

Anydeviationfromthiseconomypivotaltaskendangersourmaterialbase.

離開了經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)這個(gè)中心，就有喪失物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)危險(xiǎn)。7.allocate(資源、權(quán)利）配置capitalallocation資本配置allocateshares分配股份8/368.Volatility不穩(wěn)定性Interestratesandfinancialmarketvolatilitywouldremainhighduetothemarketuncertainty.

市場(chǎng)前景不明朗，亦會(huì)令利率連續(xù)高起，金融市場(chǎng)波動(dòng)。9.balancesheet資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表income(profit)statement利潤表cashflowstatement現(xiàn)金流量表10.capitalbudgeting資本預(yù)算capitalstructure資本結(jié)構(gòu)workingcapitalmanagement營運(yùn)資本管理

Capital

BudgetingandLong-termFinancing

management資本預(yù)算及遠(yuǎn)期財(cái)務(wù)管理

9/3611.stockholder（shareholder)股東

NoneoftheshareholderattendtheAGM.

沒有一個(gè)股東出席年度股東大會(huì)。

12.tradeoff權(quán)衡，折中risk-returntradeoff風(fēng)險(xiǎn)-收益權(quán)衡13.inventory存貨makeaninventoryof盤點(diǎn);編制...清單14.patent專利trademark商標(biāo)

internationalprotectionofpatent

專利權(quán)國際保護(hù)

Whattrademarkisit?

什么品牌?

15.creditor債權(quán)人

Hecometoanarrangementwithhiscreditor.

他與債權(quán)人達(dá)成處理糾紛協(xié)議。

10/3616.mixofdebtandequity負(fù)債與股票組合cashdividend現(xiàn)金股利dividendpolicy股利政策dividend-payoutratio股利支付比率riskaversion風(fēng)險(xiǎn)躲避stockrepurchase（stockbuyback)股票回購stockoffering股票發(fā)行financingmix融資組合

11/36commonstock普通股preferredstock優(yōu)先股currentasset流動(dòng)資產(chǎn)currentliability流動(dòng)負(fù)債stockholders’equity股東權(quán)益marketablesecurity流動(dòng)性證券tangiblefixedassets有形固定資產(chǎn)intangiblefixedassets無形固定資產(chǎn)12/361.1FinancialManagementandFinancialManager1.2FinancialManagementDecision1.3Risk–ReturnTradeoffTextstudy13/36FinancialManagementandFinancialManagerFinancialmanagementisanintegrateddecision-makingprocessconcernedwithacquiring,financing,andmanagingassetstoaccomplishsomeoverallgoalwithinabusinessentity.managerialfinancecorporatefinancebusinessfinanceCEO-

chiefexecutiveofficer

CFO-chieffinancialofficer

vicepresidentoffinance14/36Whoarethepeopleofthefinancialmanagers?

Thepersonassociatedwiththefinancialmanagementfunctionisusuallyatopofficerofthefirmsuchasavicepresidentorthechieffinancialofficer(CFO)Whatarethedutiesandresponsibilitiesofthefinancialmanager?

Thetwomainfunctionsofthefinancialmanagerconcernacquiringandallocatingfundsamongafirm’sactivities.Theyalsoactsasaliaisonbetweenothersinthefinancedepartmentandmanagementpersonnelfromotherdepartments.15/36FinancialManagementDecisionLong-terminvestmentdecisions(

Whatlong-terminvestmentsshouldthefirmundertake?)Long-termfinancingdecisions(Howshouldthefirmraisemoneytofundtheseinvestments?)WorkingCapitalManagementDecisions(Howshouldthefirmmanageitsshort-termassetsandliabilities?)16/36Long-terminvestmentdecisionsInwhatlinesofbusinessshouldthefirmengage?Shouldthefirmacquireothercompanies?Whatsortsofproperty,plant,andequipmentshouldthefirmhold?Shouldthefirmmodernizeorsellanoldproductionfacility?Shouldthefirmintroduceamoreefficientdistributionsystemthanthecurrentone?17/361.Thenotionofthecapitalbudgeting?

Processofplanningandmanagingafirm’slong-terminvestmentsiscalledbudgeting.2.Theinvestmentprinciple?

Thefirmshouldinvestinassetsandprojectsyieldingareturngreaterthantheminimumacceptablehurdlerate.18/36Long-termfinancingdecisions

Doesthetypeoffinancingusedmakeadifference?Istheexistingcapitalstructuretherightone?Howandwhereshouldthefirmraisemoney?Shouldthefirmusefundsraisedthroughitsrevenues?Shouldthefirmraisemoneyfromoutsidethebusiness?Ifthefirmseeksexternalfinancing,shoulditbringinotherownersorborrowthemoney?19/36Howtoraisefundexternally?

Thefinancialmanagerarisefundsexternallybyincurringdebts,suchasthroughbankloansorthesaleofbonds,orbysellingownershipintereststhroughastockoffering.20/36WorkingCapitalManagementDecisionsHowmuchofafirm’stotalassetsshouldthefirmholdineachtypeofcurrentassetsuchascash,marketablesecurities,andinventory?Howmuchcreditshouldthefirmgranttocustomers?Howshouldthefirmobtainneededshort-termfinancing?21/3622/36Risk–ReturnTradeoffriskaversion——investorsshouldexpectahigherreturnfortakingonhigherlevelsofrisk23/36Unitone(B)：IntroductiontoAccountingEnglish

24/36Questions1.Whydowelearnit?（1）MNC(multinationalcorporation)跨國企業(yè)（2）internationaloperations國際業(yè)務(wù)（3）internationalinvestment國際投資2.WhataretheLearningobjectives?GraspthecorewordsaboutaccountingEnglish.Graspthebaseknowledgeaboutwesternaccounting.HavetheabilityofmakingaccountingdocumentandaccountingreportsinEnglish。3.Howtolearnitsuccessfully?Interesting,words,reading,writing25/36Someknowledgeaboutaccounting

1.

Whatisaccounting?

Ingeneralsense,accountingcanbedefinedasa“businessinformationsystem”whichcommunicatetheeconomicactivitiesandconditionofabusiness(inmonetaryterms)tothebusinessstakeholders,sothat,theycanmakerightdecisions.

2.Whoaretheusersofaccountinginformation?-businessstakeholdersExternalbusinessstakeholders（financialaccountinginformation）:

üCreditors債權(quán)人(e.g.bankers),owners全部者,shareholders股東

üCustomers客戶,suppliers供給商,

ügovernments(e.g.legislation法律,tax稅),Internalbusinessstakeholders(managerialaccountinginformation):

üDirectors,CEO（首席執(zhí)行官）,managers,supervisors（主管）,

üemployees

26/363.Accountingasaprofession（會(huì)計(jì)職業(yè)）

Apersonwhospecializesintheaccountingfieldisknownasanaccountant.

Forexample：

Financialaccountant(財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì))/Costaccountant(成本會(huì)計(jì))

Managerialaccountant（管理會(huì)計(jì)）/CFO(chieffinancialofficer)（首席財(cái)務(wù)官）

Internalauditor（內(nèi)部審計(jì)）/taxaccountant(稅務(wù)會(huì)計(jì))

CPA（注冊(cè)會(huì)計(jì)師）/Externalauditor(外部審計(jì))4.Accountingknowledgesystem（會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)科體系）

Accounting會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)Accountant

FinancialAccounting財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)Financialaccountant

CostAccounting成本會(huì)計(jì)Costaccountant

ManagerialAccounting管理會(huì)計(jì)Managerialaccountant

TaxAccounting稅務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)Taxaccountant

Auditing審計(jì)學(xué)Internalauditor/Externalauditor

Others:AccountingTheory會(huì)計(jì)理論InternationalAccounting國際會(huì)計(jì)

27/36

5.Professionalaccountingbodies（專業(yè)會(huì)計(jì)團(tuán)體）

(1)Examplesofforeignprofessionalaccountingbodies:

ACCA英國特許公認(rèn)會(huì)計(jì)師協(xié)會(huì)

AICPAAmerica美國注冊(cè)會(huì)計(jì)師協(xié)會(huì)

CGACanada加拿大注冊(cè)會(huì)計(jì)師公會(huì)

CPAAustralia澳大利亞注冊(cè)會(huì)計(jì)師公會(huì)

CPAChina中國注冊(cè)會(huì)計(jì)師協(xié)會(huì)

(2)The“BigFour”internationalaccountingcompanies（全球規(guī)模最大四個(gè)會(huì)計(jì)師事務(wù)所）

KPMG（畢馬威）Ernst&Young（E&Y）(安永)

PricewaterhouseCooper（PWC）(普華--永道）DeloitteToucheTohmatsu(D&T)（德勤）ArthurAndersen(AA)(安達(dá)信)美國（年因“安然破產(chǎn)事件”已停頓營業(yè)）28/36年綜合評(píng)價(jià)前20家事務(wù)所為：普華永道中天、安永華明、德勤華永、畢馬威華振、中瑞岳華、立信、信永中和、大信、萬隆、利安達(dá)信隆、天華、中審、浙江天健、天職國際、中和正信、天健華證中洲、北京京都、安永大華、北京興華、中磊會(huì)計(jì)師事務(wù)所。會(huì)計(jì)師事務(wù)所職責(zé)1.審計(jì)業(yè)務(wù)Auditing2.驗(yàn)資業(yè)務(wù)Verification3.稅務(wù)代理業(yè)務(wù)Taxagent4.管理咨詢業(yè)務(wù)Consulting5.財(cái)稅業(yè)務(wù)培訓(xùn)Taxprofessionaltraining6.資產(chǎn)評(píng)定AssetEvaluation29/366.Accountingpoliciesandaccountingstandard

（會(huì)計(jì)法規(guī)體系和基本會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則）

Ourcountry’sfinancialaccountingregulationssystemisconstitutedby‘AccountingLaw’,‘Corporateaccountingstandards’,‘corporateaccountingregulations’(我國企業(yè)財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)法規(guī)體系由會(huì)計(jì)法、企業(yè)會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則、會(huì)計(jì)制度組成）

Otherimportantaccountingregulationsintheworldinclude:

IAS國際會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則

FRS英國財(cái)務(wù)匯報(bào)準(zhǔn)則

AASB澳大利亞會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則

FAS美國財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則

SEC證券交易委員會(huì)財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)文件公告

GAAP企業(yè)會(huì)計(jì)實(shí)務(wù)公認(rèn)會(huì)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

30/367.FourBasicaccountingassumptions(會(huì)計(jì)核實(shí)基本假設(shè))（1）EconomicEntityAssumption（“會(huì)計(jì)主體”假設(shè)）EconomicEntityAssumptionassumesthatthebusinessisaseparateentityfromitsowners.

（2）GoingConcernAssumption（“連續(xù)經(jīng)營”假設(shè)）

GoingConcernAssumptionassumesthatthebusinesswillbeinoperationforaninfinitetime.

（3）MonetaryUnitAssumption（“貨幣計(jì)量”假設(shè)）

MonetaryUnitAssumptionAssumesastablecurrencyisgoingtobetheunitofrecord.Inourcountry,themonetaryunitisChinese￥

（4）PeriodicityAssumption（“會(huì)計(jì)期間”假設(shè)）

PeriodicityAssumptionassumesthatthebusinessoperationscanberecordedandseparatedintodifferentperiods.

Our<Accountinglaw>providesthatourcountry’saccountingperiodisoneyear,whichisfromeveryyear’s1st/01to31st/12Itisalsocalledafinancialyear(財(cái)政年度)。Forsomecountries,thefinancialyearstartsfrom1st/07andendto30/06.

31/368.Importantbasicaccountingprinciples(會(huì)計(jì)核實(shí)基本標(biāo)準(zhǔn))

(1)Principleofobjectivity（“真實(shí)性”或“客觀性”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）

(2)HistoricalCostprinciple(“歷史成本”標(biāo)準(zhǔn))

(3)Revenuerecognitionprinciple（收入確認(rèn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）

(4)Matchingprinciple（“配比制”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）

(5)Principleofconservatism（“慎重性”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）.

(6)Principleoffulldisclosure（“主要性”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）

(7)Principleofmateriality（實(shí)質(zhì)重于形式標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）.

(8)Principleofconsistency（一致性標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）

(9)Principle