湖北省老河口市第一中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期開學(xué)摸底考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

2024年高二年級(jí)開學(xué)摸底考試英語(yǔ)試題注意事項(xiàng):1.答題前,考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)碼填寫清楚,將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。2.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂;非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫,字體工整、筆跡清楚。3.請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答,超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無(wú)效;在草稿紙、試卷上答題無(wú)效。4.作圖可先使用鉛筆畫出,確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。5.保持卡面清潔,不要折疊,不要弄破、弄皺,不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第一部分聽力(1-20小題)在筆試結(jié)束后進(jìn)行。第一節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodointhefuture?A.Starthisownbusiness.B.Teachinaprivateschool.C.WorkataLondonrestaurant.2.Whatdoesthemanprobablydo?A.Ahotelmanager.B.Abankclerk.C.Ataxidriver.3.Whyisthewomanunhappywiththeman?A.Hewaslatetomeether.B.Hedidn’ttellherhislocation.C.Hedidn’treturnthebookontime.4.Whatdoesthewomanprobablywanttobuy?A.Clothes.B.Colorfullights.C.Skincareproducts.5.Whatisthemandoing?A.Walkingthroughaforest.B.Visitingthewoman’shouse.C.Plantingflowersinhisgarden.第二節(jié)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatroledoesthewomanwishtotakeintheschoolplay?A.Theviolinist.B.Thewriter.C.Theactress.7.Whichinstrumentdoesthemanlearntoplayrecently?A.Theguitar.B.Theviolin.C.Theguzheng.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whydoesthewomangiveupgettinghercarfixed?A.Itisbeyondrepair.B.Shehastospendalotfixingit.C.Hergrandfatherwillbuyheranewone.9.Howdoesthewomanplantogettoschool?A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bybike.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatwilltheweatherbelikeovertheweekend?A.Rainy.B.Windy.C.Sunny.11.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Classmates.C.Familymembers.12.WhatisthewomangoingtodonextTuesday?A.Meetfriendsinapark.B.StayathomeandwatchTV.C.Helpherfatherwithsomehousework.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inagym.B.Inanoffice.C.Inarestaurant.14.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.15.Howisthewomanfeeling?A.Pleased.B.Anxious.C.Confident.16Whichdepartmentdoesthewomanprobablyworkin?A.Supportservices.B.Technology.C.Marketing.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Hisschoollife.B.Hiswritingcareer.C.Hisworkexperience.18.Whatdidthespeakerendupstudyingatuniversity?A.Science.B.Literature.C.Journalismandcommunication.19.Whenwillthesciencefictionbepublished?A.In6months.B.In8months.C.In14months.20.Howcanthespeakerbedescribed?A.Aimless.B.Determined.C.Overconfident.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABestWalkingToursinLondonLondonisoneofthemostwalkablecapitalcitiesintheworld.Peoplemaythinkyou’remadifyoudolaceupyoursneakers—hereareLondon’sbestwalkingtoursforyournextvisit.driveacararoundtown.Besides,nothingquiteletsyougettoknowacitylikeagoodwalkaround.So,laceupyoursneakers—hereareLondon’sbestwalkingtoursforyournextvisit.TourforMugglesThisisacan’t-misstripinEngland.ThetourstartsnearLondonBridgesubwaystationandmovesontolocationsusedintheHarryPotterfilms(andseveralbooklocations).There’sonesubwayride(LondonBridgetoWestminster)butotherwiseit’sallonfoot.Groupsarecappedto20andaccepttouristsofallages.JermynStreetFashionWalkAseriouslyprofessionalprivatetourtomatchyourpreferences.Groupsarerecommendednolargerthaneight,andit’salldoneonfoot.Mostoftheguides,wholeadtheJermynStreetwalk,haveabackgroundofart,historyorfashion,andoneeventrainedasatailor.HistoricPubs,Food&BeerTourThinkofthisasawalkwithfriendsratherthanatour(groupsarecappedat12).Youmeetatabestselfiespot—atRotherhithe,overlookingtheThames—thencatchtheovergroundtraintothepubs.Byreservationonly.FiveofLondon’smosthistoricpubsinfourhoursisnotaneasybutworthwhiletask.EastEndWalksEastEndWalksisacollectionof15toursrunbyoneman,DavidRosenberg.Thetourscoverthesocialhistoryofthetraditionallyworkingclassarea.Groupsarecappedat30.Youmeetnearthesubwaystation.Rosenberg,whosegrandparentsmovedtotheEastEndaschildren,lovestheareaanditssocialhistoryalot—itholdsthestoryoftheworkingclass,whichisrarelytold.1.Whichtourbestsuitspeoplewhoareinterestedinthehistoryoftheworkingclass?A.TourforMuggles B.JermynStreetFashionWalkC.EastEndWalks D.HistoricPubs,Food&BeerTour2.Whatdothefourwalkingtourshaveincommon?A.Theylimitthenumberofagroup. B.Theyhaveprofessionalguides.C.Theyareprivatetourstoyourpreference. D.Theyrecommendreservationinadvance.3Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Atravelbrochure.C.Ageographicmagazine. D.Ahistorytextbook.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。倫敦是世界上最適合步行的首都城市之一。文章介紹了四大倫敦最好的徒步旅行?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EastEndWalks部分的“Thetourscoverthesocialhistoryofthetraditionallyworkingclassarea.(這些旅游涵蓋了傳統(tǒng)工人階級(jí)地區(qū)的社會(huì)歷史)”可知，對(duì)工人階級(jí)歷史感興趣的人們最適合去EastEndWalks。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Groupsarecappedto20andaccepttouristsofallages.(團(tuán)體人數(shù)上限為20人，并接受所有年齡段的游客)”，第三段的“Groupsarerecommendednolargerthaneight,andit’salldoneonfoot.(團(tuán)體旅游建議不超過(guò)8人，全程步行)”，第四段的“Thinkofthisasawalkwithfriendsratherthanatour(groupsarecappedat12).(你可以把這當(dāng)成是和朋友一起散步，而不是旅游(團(tuán)體人數(shù)上限為12人))”及第五段“Groupsarecappedat30.(團(tuán)體人數(shù)上限為30人)”可知，四大徒步之旅都限制團(tuán)隊(duì)人數(shù)。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“So,laceupyoursneakers—hereareLondon’sbestwalkingtoursforyournextvisit.(所以，系好你的運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋吧——下面是你下次來(lái)倫敦時(shí)最好的徒步旅行)”可知，文章介紹了四大倫敦最后的徒步旅行。由此推知，本文可能選自一本旅游小冊(cè)子。故選B。BWheredoesthemeatonourtablecomefrom?Itusuallycomesfromlivestocklikechickensandcows.Butdidyouknowthatmeatcanalsobemadeinalab?UScompanyJUSThasannouncedthatlab-grownmeatcouldbeonsomerestaurantmenusintheUnitedStatesandAsiabytheendof2018,TheIndependentreported.“Thesemeatsincludechickennuggets(雞塊),sausageandfoiegras(鵝肝醬),”JoshTetrick,CEOofJUST,toldTheIndependent.Labmeatissometimesreferredtoas“cleanmeat”.Itismadeusingthestemcells(干細(xì)胞)oflivinglivestock.Thecellsneedtobegrowninalabforafewweeks.Forexample,makingahamburgerpatty(肉餅)takesaboutnineweeks,CNNreported.Thisisfasterthanraisingacow,whichusuallytakesover20weeks.Thefirstcleanmeatwasabeefburgerthatwasproducedin2013,butitwassaidtotastequitedry.Howdoescleanmeattastenow?CleanmeatsupporterstoldCNNthattheythinkittastesjustliketraditionalmeat.Cleanmeathasotheradvantages.Itishealthierthantraditionalmeat.Meatproducerscancontrolwhattypeoffatgoesintothemeat.Theycanproducecleanmeatthatcontainshealthyfats,suchasomega-3fattyacids(脂肪酸).Thiskindoffatisgoodforpeople’shearts.Cleanmeatcanalsohelptosolveglobalwarming.AccordingtoTheWashingtonPost,about14.5percentoftheplanet’sgreenhousegasemissions(排放)comefromraisinglivestock.That’smorethantheemissionsfromeverycar,train,shipandairplaneintheworldcombined.Itispredictedthatswitchingtocleanmeatcouldlowergreenhousegasemissionsby96percent,TheIndependentreported.4.Wheremaythemeatweeatcomefrominfuture?A.Companies. B.Greenhouses. C.Labs. D.Restaurants.5.Whatcanbeusedtomake“cleanmeat”?A.Stemcells. B.Fattyacids.C.Hamburgerpatties. D.Chickennuggets.6.Whatistheadvantageofcleanmeat?A.Itisfatty. B.Itishealthy. C.Itisfree. D.Itissmelly.7.Whatdoweknowaboutcleanmeatfromthelastparagraph?A.Itcomesfromlivestock. B.Itcanbeswitchedoff.C.Itresultsinglobalwarming. D.Itbenefitsenvironment.【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講主要介紹了未來(lái)我們可以在實(shí)驗(yàn)室制造出清潔肉類，這種肉類比傳統(tǒng)肉類更健康，對(duì)環(huán)境有益?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“UScompanyJUSThasannouncedthatlab-grownmeatcouldbeonsomerestaurantmenusintheUnitedStatesandAsiabytheendof2018,TheIndependentreported.(據(jù)《獨(dú)立報(bào)》報(bào)道，美國(guó)JUST公司宣布，到2018年底，美國(guó)和亞洲的一些餐廳菜單上可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室培育的肉類。)”可知，我們將來(lái)吃的肉可能來(lái)自實(shí)驗(yàn)室。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Labmeatissometimesreferredtoas“cleanmeat”.Itismadeusingthestemcells(干細(xì)胞)oflivinglivestock.(實(shí)驗(yàn)室的肉有時(shí)被稱為“清潔肉類”。它是用活牲畜的干細(xì)胞制成的。)”可知，清潔肉類是由干細(xì)胞制成的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Cleanmeathasotheradvantages.Itishealthierthantraditionalmeat.(清潔肉類還有其他好處。它比傳統(tǒng)肉類更健康。)”可知，清潔肉類的好處是清潔肉類比傳統(tǒng)肉類更健康。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Cleanmeatcanalsohelptosolveglobalwarming.AccordingtoTheWashingtonPost,about14.5percentoftheplanet’sgreenhousegasemissions(排放)comefromraisinglivestock.That’smorethantheemissionsfromeverycar,train,shipandairplaneintheworldcombined.Itispredictedthatswitchingtocleanmeatcouldlowergreenhousegasemissionsby96percent,TheIndependentreported.(清潔肉類也有助于解決全球變暖問題。據(jù)《華盛頓郵報(bào)》報(bào)道，地球上大約14.5%的溫室氣體排放來(lái)自飼養(yǎng)牲畜。這比世界上所有汽車、火車、輪船和飛機(jī)的排放量加起來(lái)還要多。據(jù)《獨(dú)立報(bào)》報(bào)道，據(jù)預(yù)測(cè)，改用清潔肉類可以減少96%的溫室氣體排放。)”可知，清潔肉類有助于解決全球變暖問題，對(duì)環(huán)境有好處。故選D項(xiàng)。CHavinglivedinCaliforniauntil1970,myfamilyhasfeltanumberofearthquakes.Wehavebeenfortunate,however,tohavesufferednobodilyharmorpropertydamage.ThereisawebsitethatlistsallCalifornianearthquakesrecordedfrom1769tothepresent.Thesiteliststhedatesandtimeaswellasthemagnitude(震級(jí))andtheexactlocationofanyearthquakethatmeasuredmorethan6.0.Thereareonlyafewearthquakesthatstandoutinmymemoryand,luckily,noneisshowninthewebsite.So,mypersonalexperiencewithearthquakesmightbeconsideredinsignificant.Therearethreeearthquakesthataredifficulttoforget.Thefirstonewasin1955andouroldestdaughterwaswalkingwithmeinourbackyardinRedwoodCityinCalifornia.Astheshakingbecamestronger,IheldhertomewithonearmasIheldontooneofourfruittreeswiththeother.Allthreeofus(mydaughter,Iandthetree)shookfortwoorthreeminutesthattousfeltlikehours.Thesecondonewasin1963.OurentirefamilywasvisitingDisneylandinSouthernCalifornia.Theearthstartedtoshakejustaswewerebeginningtowalkfromourhoteltowardsthefamouslandmark.MythirdexperiencewithanearthquakewasalonelyoneinCalifornia.ItwasinmysixtiesandIwasaloneinanoldchurch.Asthebuildingstartedtoshake,Iquicklyheadedforthedoortogooutside.IrememberIsaidafewprayers—somethinglike“Helpmegetoutofhereintime,dearHeavenlyFather.”Minuteslater,Iwassafeoutside.8.Theauthorwritesthepassagemainlytotellusabout________.A.anewfilmaboutanearthquake B.howtosurviveanearthquakeC.histhreeearthquakeexperiences D.howtosavechildreninanearthquake9.Theearthquakestheauthorexperienced________.A.allcausedbodilyharm B.areallrecordedinawebsiteC.allmeasuredmorethan6.0 D.allhappenedinCalifornia10.Whenthefirstearthquakehappened,theauthor________.A.wasstayingwithhisdaughter B.wasplantingfruittreesC.washoldingontoatreeforhours D.wasinahotel11.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thefamouslandmark”referto?A.Achurch. B.Disneyland.C.Abuildingdestroyedbyanearthquake. D.Theplacewheretheauthorwasborn.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己在加州所經(jīng)歷的三次地震的情況?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Therearethreeearthquakesthataredifficulttoforget.Thefirstonewasin1955andouroldestdaughterwaswalkingwithmeinourbackyardinRedwoodCityinCalifornia.”（有三次地震讓人難以忘懷。第一次是在1955年，我們的大女兒和我一起在加州雷德伍德市我們家的后院散步）;根據(jù)第四段“Thesecondonewasin1963.”（第二次是在1963年）根據(jù)第五段“MythirdexperiencewithanearthquakewasalonelyoneinCalifornia.”（我的第三次地震經(jīng)歷是獨(dú)自一人在加利福尼亞的一次地震）可知，作者主要向讀者介紹了自己所經(jīng)歷的三次地震的情況。故選C項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Therearethreeearthquakesthataredifficulttoforget.Thefirstonewasin1955andouroldestdaughterwaswalkingwithmeinourbackyardinRedwoodCityinCalifornia.”（有三次地震讓人難以忘懷。第一次是在1955年，我們的大女兒和我一起在加州雷德伍德市我們家的后院散步）根據(jù)第四段“Thesecondonewasin1963.OurentirefamilywasvisitingDisneylandinSouthernCalifornia.”（第二次是在1963年。我們?nèi)胰チ四霞又莸牡鲜磕針穲@）；根據(jù)第五段“MythirdexperiencewithanearthquakewasalonelyoneinCalifornia.”（我的第三次地震經(jīng)歷是獨(dú)自一人在加利福尼亞的一次地震）可知，三次地震都發(fā)生在加利福尼亞。故選D項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Therearethreeearthquakesthataredifficulttoforget.Thefirstonewasin1955andouroldestdaughterwaswalkingwithmeinourbackyardinRedwoodCityinCalifornia.”（有三次地震讓人難以忘懷。第一次是在1955年，我們的大女兒和我一起在加州雷德伍德市我們家的后院散步）由此可知，第一次地震發(fā)生時(shí)，作者和女兒待在一起。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段的“OurentirefamilywasvisitingDisneyland...”（我們?nèi)叶既チ说鲜磕針穲@）可知，就在我們正要從旅館走向迪士尼樂園的時(shí)候，打的開始搖晃起因此來(lái)，“thefamouslandmark”是指Disneyland。故選B。DWhatmakespreschoolerseattheirvegetables?Raisetheirhand?Waittheirturn?“BecauseIsayso”isacommentthatparentsoftenrepeat.Butwhenitcomestogettingkidstobehave,arecentstudybyDukeUniversityresearcherssuggeststhatthevoiceofadultauthorityisn’ttheonlythingthatmatters.Aroundagethree,fittinginwiththegroupstartstocountbigtoo.Tounderstandwhatcausepreschoolerstofallinline,theresearchersconductedatestinalab,wheretheyinvited3.5-year-oldstohelpsetupforapretendteaparty.Eachofthe104childrenwasgivenabluesticker（貼紙）towearatthestartofthestudy,andtoldthatthepeoplewiththatcolorstickerwerepartofthesameteam.Nexttheresearcherswatchedasthechildrendecidedamongdifferentkindsofteas,snacks,cupsandplatesfortheteaparty,firstontheirownandthenafterlisteningtothechoicesofotherteammembers.Sometimestheotherteammembersconsideredtheirchoiceasamatterofpersonalpreference(“Formyteapartytoday,Ifeellikeusingthissnack.”)Othertimestheypresenteditasaneedsharedbythewholegroup.(“Forourteapartiestoday,wealwaysusethiskindofsnack.”)Afterlisteningtothechoicesofothers,mostofthetimethechildrenstuckwiththeirfirstchoice.Inotherwords,childrenwhohadsaidtheyfeltlikeusing,say,thecookiefinallypickedthecookienomatterwhattheotherpersonsaidtheywereusing.But23%ofthetimethechildrenchangedtheirchoicetoacceptsomeoneelse’s.Andwhentheydid,theyweremorelikelytogoalongwiththeotherpersonwhenachoicewaspresentedasagroupneedratherthanjustapersonalpreference.Thefindingheldupevenwhentheotherpersonwasanotherchild,notanadult.12.What’stherecentstudymainlyabout?A.Parenttraining. B.Socialrules.C.Childbehavior. D.Eatinghabits.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fallinline”refertoinparagraph2?A.Standinaline. B.Jointhegroup.C.Listentotheparents. D.Attendaparty.14.Whatmadechildrenacceptothers’choice?A.Thecommonneed. B.Theadviceofadults.C.Thedeliciouscookie. D.Theindividualpreference.15.Whichofthefollowingissuitabletitleforthetext?A.AdultsAreLosingTheirAuthorityB.3-Year-OldsWanttoFitintotheGroup.C.ChildrenAreNotBornKnowingWhattoDoD.KidsAreActingOutofaSenseofCopyingAdults.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。很多人認(rèn)為孩子的行為規(guī)矩是因?yàn)槌赡耆藢?duì)他們所提出的要求，最近的一項(xiàng)研究表明，成年人權(quán)威的聲音并不是唯一重要的事情。在三歲左右，融入群體也開始變得重要起來(lái)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Butwhenitcomestogettingkidstobehave,arecentstudybyDukeUniversityresearcherssuggeststhatthevoiceofadultauthorityisn’ttheonlythingthatmatters.Aroundagethree,fittinginwiththegroupstartstocountbigtoo.(但說(shuō)到讓孩子規(guī)規(guī)矩矩，杜克大學(xué)(DukeUniversity)研究人員最近的一項(xiàng)研究表明，成年人權(quán)威的聲音并不是唯一重要的事情。在三歲左右，融入群體也開始變得重要起來(lái)。)”可知，這項(xiàng)研究主要是關(guān)于孩子們的行為，故選C?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“Whatmakespreschoolerseattheirvegetables?Raisetheirhand?Waittheirturn?“BecauseIsayso”isacommentthatparentsoftenrepeat.(是什么讓學(xué)齡前兒童吃蔬菜？舉手嗎？等待輪到它們嗎？“因?yàn)槲疫@么說(shuō)”是父母經(jīng)常重復(fù)的一句話。)”可知，很多父母認(rèn)為孩子的行為是因?yàn)楦改柑岢龅囊?，孩子聽從父母的要求，結(jié)合第一小題的解析可知，對(duì)孩子行為的研究表明，成年人的聲音不是唯一重要的事情，融入集體也有很大影響。結(jié)合劃線詞所在句“Tounderstandwhatcausepreschoolerstofallinline,theresearchersconductedatestinalab,wheretheyinvited3.5-year-oldstohelpsetupforapretendteaparty.(為了了解是什么原因?qū)е聦W(xué)齡前兒童fallinline，研究人員在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)測(cè)試，他們邀請(qǐng)3.5歲的孩子幫助布置一個(gè)虛擬的茶話會(huì)。)”可知，研究是為了了解孩子融入集體的原因，由此可推知，短語(yǔ)fallinline表示“融入集體”，故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“But23%ofthetimethechildrenchangedtheirchoicetoacceptsomeoneelse’s.Andwhentheydid,theyweremorelikelytogoalongwiththeotherpersonwhenachoicewaspresentedasagroupneedratherthanjustapersonalpreference.Thefindingheldupevenwhentheotherpersonwasanotherchild,notanadult.(但有23%的孩子改變了選擇，接受了別人的選擇。當(dāng)他們這樣做的時(shí)候，當(dāng)一個(gè)選擇作為群體需要而不是個(gè)人偏好出現(xiàn)時(shí)，他們更有可能同意另一個(gè)人的選擇。即使對(duì)方是另一個(gè)孩子，而不是成年人，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)仍然成立。)”可知，孩子會(huì)根據(jù)集體需要而改變自己的選擇。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文結(jié)合第一段“Butwhenitcomestogettingkidstobehave,arecentstudybyDukeUniversityresearcherssuggeststhatthevoiceofadultauthorityisn’ttheonlythingthatmatters.Aroundagethree,fittinginwiththegroupstartstocountbigtoo.(但說(shuō)到讓孩子規(guī)規(guī)矩矩，杜克大學(xué)(DukeUniversity)研究人員最近的一項(xiàng)研究表明，成年人權(quán)威的聲音并不是唯一重要的事情。在三歲左右，融入群體也開始變得重要起來(lái)。)”可知，本文主要是關(guān)于一項(xiàng)對(duì)孩子行為的研究，研究結(jié)果表明，三歲孩子會(huì)因?yàn)槿后w需求而改變自己的選擇，融入群體對(duì)孩子的行為產(chǎn)生影響，所以B項(xiàng)“3-Year-OldsWanttoFitintotheGroup.(3歲的孩子想融入群體。)”符合文章中心主旨，適合作為本文標(biāo)題，故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ihavecollectedsomeexamplesthatshouldbeaninspirationtoanyonewhodesirestobesuccessful.Theyshowthatifyouwanttosucceedyoushouldexpectfailurealongtheway.Iactuallybelievethatfailurecanencourageyouonandmakeyoutryevenharder.

____16____

TheTrulysuccessfulthingswon’tbebeaten,theytakeresponsibilityforfailure,learnfromitandstartalloverfromastrongerposition.WaltDisney—oneofthegreatestbusinessleaderswhocreatedtheglobalDisneyempireoffilmstudios,themeparksandconsumerproductsdidn’tstartoffsuccessful.

____17____

Believeitornot,WaltwasfiredfromanearlyjobattheKansasCityStarNewspaperbecausehewasnotcreativeenough!In1922hestartedhisfirstcompanycalledLaugh-O-Gram.TheKansasbasedonbusinesswouldproducecartoonsandshortadvertisingfilms.

____18____

Waltdidn’tgiveup,hepackedup,wenttoHollywoodandstartedTheWaltDisneyCompany.BillGates-co-founderandchairmanofMicrosoftsetupabusinesscalledTraf-O-Data.Thepartnershipbetweenhim,PaulAllenandPaulGilbertwasbasedonagoodideabutaflawedbusinessmodelthatleftthecompanywithfewcustomers.

____19____

However,BillGatesandPaulAllentookwhattheylearnedandavoidedthosemistakeswhentheycreatedtheMicrosoftempire.____20____

Ihopethattheseareinspirationandmotivationforeveryonewhoaspirestobesuccessfulinwhateverwaytheychoose.Doyouagreeordisagreewithme?A.So,theonethingsuccessfulpeopleneverdois:Giveup!B.In1923,thebusinesswentbankrupt.CHewasgreatlydepressed.D.Everyexperienceoffailureincreasesthehungerforsuccess.E.Thecompanyranuplossesbetween1974and1980beforeitwasclosed.F.Manyfactorsmayaffectyoursuccess.G.Beforethegreatsuccesscameanumberoffailures.【答案】16.D17.G18.B19.E20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章通過(guò)舉例說(shuō)明了成功人士在成功之前經(jīng)歷過(guò)的失敗，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了失敗是成功的墊腳石?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“They

show

that

if

you

want

to

succeed

you

should

expect

failure

along

the

way.

I

actually

believe

that

failure

can

encourage

you

on

and

make

you

try

even

harder.(它們表明，如果你想成功，你應(yīng)該預(yù)料到一路上會(huì)有失敗。我實(shí)際上相信失敗可以鼓勵(lì)你繼續(xù)努力。)”和后文“TheTrulysuccessfulthingswon’tbebeaten,theytakeresponsibilityforfailure,learnfromitandstartalloverfromastrongerposition.(真正成功的人不會(huì)被打敗，他們對(duì)失敗負(fù)責(zé)，從中吸取教訓(xùn)，從一個(gè)更強(qiáng)大的位置重新開始。)”可知，每一次失敗的經(jīng)歷都會(huì)增加對(duì)成功的渴望。選項(xiàng)D“每一次失敗的經(jīng)歷都會(huì)增加對(duì)成功的渴望?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選D。【17題詳解】根據(jù)前文“WaltDisney—oneofthegreatestbusinessleaderswhocreatedtheglobalDisneyempireoffilmstudios,themeparksandconsumerproductsdidn’tstartoffsuccessful.

(華特·迪士尼——?jiǎng)?chuàng)造了全球迪斯尼帝國(guó)的最偉大的商業(yè)領(lǐng)袖之一，包括電影制片廠、主題公園和消費(fèi)品，但他一開始并不成功。)”和后文“Believe

it

or

not,

Walt

was

fired

from

an

early

job

at

the

Kansas

City

Star

Newspaper

because

he

was

not

creative

enough!(信不信由你，沃爾特因?yàn)椴粔蛴袆?chuàng)意而被堪薩斯城星報(bào)解雇了！)”可知，沃爾特在取得巨大成功之前并不成功，后文列舉了失敗的例子。選項(xiàng)G“在取得巨大成功之前經(jīng)歷了許多失敗?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前文“In

1922

he

started

his

first

company

called

Laugh-O-Gram.

The

Kansas

based

on

business

would

produce

cartoons

and

short

advertising

films.(1922年，他創(chuàng)辦了第一家公司，名為L(zhǎng)augh-O-Gram。這家位于堪薩斯的公司將制作卡通片和短廣告片。)”和后文“Walt

didn’t

give

up,

he

packed

up,

went

to

Hollywood

and

started

The

Walt

Disney

Company.(沃爾特沒有放棄，他收拾行李，去了好萊塢，創(chuàng)辦了華特迪士尼公司。)”可知，發(fā)生了變故，導(dǎo)致沃爾特收拾行李，去了好萊塢，創(chuàng)辦了華特迪士尼公司。選項(xiàng)B“1923年，公司破產(chǎn)了?！?，從時(shí)間上承接1922，相吻合，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Bill

Gates-co-founder

and

chairman

of

Microsoft

set

up

a

business

called

Traf-O-Data.

The

partnership

between

him,

Paul

Allen

and

Paul

Gilbert

was

based

on

a

good

idea

but

a

flawed

business

model

that

left

the

company

with

few

customers.(微軟聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人兼董事長(zhǎng)比爾·蓋茨創(chuàng)辦了一家名為Traf-O-Data的公司。他與保羅·艾倫和保羅·吉爾伯特的合作基于一個(gè)好主意，但由于商業(yè)模式存在缺陷，公司客戶很少。)”和后文“However,BillGatesandPaulAllentookwhattheylearnedandavoidedthosemistakeswhentheycreatedtheMicrosoftempire.(然而，比爾·蓋茨和保羅·艾倫吸取了教訓(xùn)，避免了那些錯(cuò)誤，創(chuàng)建了微軟帝國(guó)。)”可知，后文提到了“那些錯(cuò)誤”，空格處應(yīng)該繼續(xù)描述這家公司不好的狀態(tài)，繼而引出后文的“創(chuàng)建了微軟帝國(guó)”。選項(xiàng)E“公司在1974年至1980年間虧損后關(guān)閉?！狈险Z(yǔ)境。故選E?！?0題詳解】空格處是最后一段的首句，應(yīng)該起到總結(jié)全文的作用。后文“I

hope

that

these

are

inspiration

and

motivation

for

everyone

who

aspires

to

be

successful

in

whatever

way

they

choose.(我希望這些能激勵(lì)和激勵(lì)每一個(gè)渴望成功的人。)”可知，最后一段總結(jié)全文列舉的成功人士從不放棄的這些例子，對(duì)讀者進(jìn)行呼吁。選項(xiàng)A“所以，成功人士從不做的一件事就是：放棄！”符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。FayeandMatthewGoodingandtheirfiveyoungsonsappeartohaveperfectlives.Mrs.Gooding___21___beautifulphotosoflifeintheirfour-bedroomhouseonInstagram(一種社交軟件),andmorethan32,000people____22____them.Forthecouplethemselves,____23____,this“materially(物質(zhì)地)perfectworld”waslackingsomething—sonowtheyaregivingupalltheir____24____totravelaroundtheworldwiththeirkids.ThiswasthelastChristmasthatthecouplespentintheirhouse,whichhasalreadybeensold.Mostoftheirbelongingsare____25____too.ShortlytheirFordcarwillbesoldandthefamilywilltakejustonebackpackeach.Mrs.Goodingsaid:“SomefriendsandfamilythinkMattandIare____26____tobegivingupsomuch.It’sbeendifficultgivingupsomanypossessions.Yet____27____enjoyingspendingtimewiththeboys,Ifoundmyselfcleaningthehousealldaybefore.TheolderoneswereatschoolandIthought,‘I____28____seethem’.IadmittedhowIfelttoMatt.Heagreeditfeltasifourlivesmovedaround____29____things—bothofusworkingto____30____themortgage(貸款)andkeepourselvesinourmateriallyperfectworld.”Theywillleavethismonthandplantostarttheir_____31_____inSwedenwheretheyhavefriends.Mr.Goodingadded:“Peoplehavesaid‘a(chǎn)ren’tyouworriedaboutstabilityandsafety?’—____32____aswehavefivesmallchildren.Itisa(an)____33____becausewearegivingupsomuch.Butwecan'twaittospendmoretimewithoursonswithoutthe____34____ofeverydayroutines.Wedon’tknowwhatwillhappen,butwedoknowifwedidn’tdothiswewouldalways_____35_____it.”21.A.takes B.saves C.sells D.posts22.A.hate B.compare C.follow D.introduce23.A.however B.therefore C.otherwise D.furthermore24.A.money B.possessions C.equipment D.lives25.A.stolen B.watched C.rented D.gone26.A.relaxing B.realistic C.humorous D.mad27.A.ratherthan B.otherthan C.morethan D.lessthan28.A.regularly B.hardly C.frequently D.recently29.A.beautiful B.unnecessary C.material D.spiritual30.A.askfor B.lookinto C.buy D.pay31.A.jobs B.responsibilities C.relationships D.travels32.A.interestingly B.particularly C.luckily D.absolutely33.A.honor B.requirement C.risk D.must34.A.freedom B.distances C.stresses D.prediction35.A.regret B.end C.access D.value【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.B25.D26.D27.A28.B29.C30.D31.D32.B33.C34.C35.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。古丁太太家庭富足生活完美，但是她和丈夫發(fā)現(xiàn)這些只是物質(zhì)上的完美。為了追求精神上的完美生活，他們決定賣掉家產(chǎn)帶著孩子們環(huán)球旅行?！驹斀狻?.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：古丁太太在Instagram上發(fā)布了他們四居室房子里美麗的生活照片，有超過(guò)3.2萬(wàn)人關(guān)注了這些照片。A.takes拿走；B.saves節(jié)?。籆.sells賣；D.posts上傳。根據(jù)onInstagram可知，此處是指古丁太太在Instagram上發(fā)布了照片。故選D。2.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：古丁太太在Instagram上發(fā)布了他們四居室房子里美麗的生活照片，有超過(guò)3.2萬(wàn)人關(guān)注了這些照片。A.hate討厭；B.compare比較；C.follow關(guān)注；D.introduce介紹。根據(jù)“beautifulphotosoflifeintheirfour-bedroomhouseonInstagram”可知，這張照片被許多人關(guān)注。故選C。3.考查副詞辨析。句意：然而，對(duì)這對(duì)夫婦自己來(lái)說(shuō)，這個(gè)“物質(zhì)完美的世界”缺少了什么——所以現(xiàn)在他們放棄了所有的財(cái)產(chǎn)，帶著孩子周游世界。A.however但是；B.therefore因此；C.otherwise否則；D.furthermore此外，而且。后文this“materially(物質(zhì)地)perfectworld”waslackingsomething和前文“FayeandMatthewGoodingandtheirfiveyoungsonsappeartohaveperfectlives.”（菲耶和馬修·古丁夫婦和他們五個(gè)年幼的兒子似乎擁有完美的生活。）構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選A。4.考查名詞辨析。句意：然而，對(duì)這對(duì)夫婦自己來(lái)說(shuō)，這個(gè)“物質(zhì)完美的世界”缺少了什么——所以現(xiàn)在他們放棄了所有的財(cái)產(chǎn)，帶著孩子周游世界。A.money錢；B.possessions財(cái)產(chǎn)；C.equipment設(shè)備；D.lives生活。根據(jù)后文ThiswasthelastChristmasthatthecouplespentintheirhouse,whichhasalreadybeensold.（這是這對(duì)夫婦在他們的房子里度過(guò)的最后一個(gè)圣誕節(jié)，房子已經(jīng)被賣掉了。）可知，他們放棄了所有的財(cái)產(chǎn)。故選B。5.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：他們的大部分財(cái)物也都不見了。A.stolen偷；B.watched觀看；C.rented租借；D.gone消失。根據(jù)前文ThiswasthelastChristmasthatthecouplespentintheirhouse,whichhasalreadybeensold.（這是這對(duì)夫婦在他們的房子里度過(guò)的最后一個(gè)圣誕節(jié)，房子已經(jīng)被賣掉了。）可知，他們的大部分財(cái)物也都不見了。故選D。6.考查形容詞辨析。句意：古丁太太說(shuō)：“一些朋友和家人認(rèn)為馬特和我放棄這么多東西是瘋了。”A.relaxing令人放松的；B.realistic現(xiàn)實(shí)的；C.humorous幽默的；D.mad瘋狂的。根據(jù)后文“It’sbeendifficultgivingupsomanypossessions.”（放棄這么多財(cái)產(chǎn)是很困難的。）可知，別人認(rèn)為這一家人瘋了。故選D。7.考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：然而，我非但沒有享受和孩子們?cè)谝黄鸬臅r(shí)光，反而發(fā)現(xiàn)自己之前一整天都在打掃房子。A.ratherthan而不是；B.otherthan除了；C.morethan比……多；D.lessthan比……少。根據(jù)“Ifoundmyselfcleaningthehousealldaybefore”可知，古丁太太并沒有享受和孩子們?cè)谝黄鸬臅r(shí)光。故選A。8.考查副詞辨析。句意：大一點(diǎn)的孩子在學(xué)校，我想，“我?guī)缀蹩床坏剿麄儭薄.regularly規(guī)律地；B.hardly幾乎不；C.frequently頻繁地；D.recently最近。根據(jù)“Theolderoneswereatschool”可知，古丁太太幾乎見不到大一點(diǎn)的孩子們。故選B。9.考查形容詞辨析。句意：他承認(rèn)，我們的生活似乎在圍繞著物質(zhì)的東西轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。A.beautiful美麗的；B.unnecessary不必要的；C.material物質(zhì)上的；D.spiritual精神上的。根據(jù)“bothofusworkingtopaythemortgage(貸款)andkeepourselvesinourmateriallyperfectworld”（我們倆都工作來(lái)付房貸，保持物質(zhì)世界的完美）可知，我們的生活似乎在圍繞著物質(zhì)的東西轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。故選C。10.考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我們倆都工作來(lái)付房貸，保持物質(zhì)世界的完美。A.askfor要求；B.lookinto調(diào)查；C.buy買；D.pay付。根據(jù)“workingto”和“themortgage”可知，此處是指努力工作還房貸。故選D。11.考查名詞辨析。句意：他們將于本月出發(fā)，計(jì)劃在瑞典開始他們的旅行，他們?cè)谀抢镉信笥?。A.jobs工作；B.responsibilities責(zé)任；C.relationships關(guān)系；D.travels旅行。根據(jù)前文“travelaroundtheworldwiththeirkids”（和孩子們一起環(huán)游世界）可知，他們要開始旅行。故選D。12.考查副詞辨析。句意：古丁補(bǔ)充說(shuō):“人們說(shuō)，你不擔(dān)心穩(wěn)定性和安全嗎?”——尤其是我們有五個(gè)小孩。A.interestingly有趣地；B.particularly尤其；C.luckily幸運(yùn)地；D.absolutely完全地。在有小孩的情況下，旅行的安全性和穩(wěn)定性尤其要考慮。故選B。13.考查名詞辨析。句意：這是一種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)槲覀円艞夁@么多。A.honor榮耀；B.requirement要求；C.risk冒險(xiǎn)，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；D.must必需品。根據(jù)“wearegivingupsomuch”可知，這是一種冒險(xiǎn)。故選C。14.考查名詞辨析。句意：但是我們迫不及待地想要花更多的時(shí)間和兒子們?cè)谝黄穑h(yuǎn)離日常生活的壓力。A.freedom自由；B.distances距離；C.stresses壓力；D.prediction預(yù)測(cè)。根據(jù)前文“botho