CATTI三級(jí)筆譯綜合能力真題和答案及解析

/CATTI三級(jí)筆譯綜合能力考試試題與答案解析(一)

一、VocabularySelection（本大題15小題．每題1.0分，共15.0分。Inthispart,thereare20incompletesentences.Beloweachsentence,therearefourwordsorphrasesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.Choosethewordorphrasewhichbestcompleteseachsentence.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.）第1題Sincewritinghometotheirparentsformoney,theyhadlived________hope.AinBforConDthrough【正確答案】：A【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。liveinhope生活在希望中；livefor為……而生活，盼望；liveon繼續(xù)生活，以……為主食，靠……生活；livethrough度過(guò)，經(jīng)受過(guò)；根據(jù)句意應(yīng)填A(yù)。第2題________getolder,thegamestheyplaybecomeincreasinglycomplex.AChildrenBChildren,whentheyCAschildrenDForchildrento【正確答案】：C【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】語(yǔ)法應(yīng)用。本句逗號(hào)前是狀語(yǔ)從句，空白處應(yīng)填連詞；主句主語(yǔ)是thegames，因此選項(xiàng)A、B、D均不對(duì)；只有as“隨著”符合句意，所以C為答案。第3題Martinhascreatedenoughmemorable________tomakeiteasytoforgivehislows.AyoungstersBnoblesChighsDmiserables【正確答案】：C【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。high在此是名詞，表“高水平，高額數(shù)字，高潮”，在本句中與low構(gòu)成對(duì)比：成功之處與敗筆。第4題Orangesarea________sourceofvitaminC.AwellBbetterCgoodDvery【正確答案】：C【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】近義辨析。此題需辨清詞性，本題空白處應(yīng)填形容詞。A．well好，有利地(adv.)；健康的，可取的，令人滿意的(adj.)；B．better較好的(adj.)，但應(yīng)用在上下文有比較之時(shí)；C．good優(yōu)良的，好的(adj.)；D．very很，非常(adv.)；因此C為答案。第5題Allstudentshavefree________tothelibrary.ApassagewayBentranceCpermissionDaccess【正確答案】：D【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。haveaccessto得以接近(或進(jìn)入)，享有機(jī)會(huì)。而A．passageway過(guò)道，出入口；B．entrance入口，進(jìn)入；如：Policehavenotyetexplainedhowthemengainedentrancetothegallery．警察還沒(méi)有解釋這些人是如何進(jìn)入畫(huà)廊的。C．permission許可，允許，后常接動(dòng)詞不定式。第6題I''msotiredthatIcan''ttake________whatyou''resaying.AupBoutCinDon【正確答案】：C【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】習(xí)語(yǔ)辨析。takeup拿起，開(kāi)始從事，吸收；takeout拿出，出發(fā)，取得；takein接受，吸收，理解；takeon披上，呈現(xiàn)，承擔(dān)，接納；因此選項(xiàng)C為答案。第7題Riceisthe________foodofmostSoutheastAsians.AcommonBgeneralCstapleDpopular【正確答案】：C【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】近義辨析。A．common共同的，共有的；普通的，常見(jiàn)的；主要指共有的或共同享受的；B．general一般的，普通的，全面的；主要指普遍性；C．staple主要的，常用的；staplefood指主食；D．popular通俗的，流行的；因此答案為C。第8題Whattheynevertakeintoaccountisthefrazzledwomanwhoisleadinga________life—tryingtobeagoodmotherwhilehavingtopretendatworkthatshedoesn''thavekidsatall.AdoubleBhardCtwo-wayDmiserable【正確答案】：A【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】詞義辨析。A．double兩倍的，雙重的；B．hard困難的，艱苦的；C．two-way雙向的，兩方面的；D．miserable痛苦的，悲慘的。此句還可從while連接的兩個(gè)意義相反的短語(yǔ)看出這個(gè)婦女過(guò)的是一種雙重生活。第9題Goodpencilerasersaresoftenoughnot________paperbuthardenoughsothattheycrumblegraduallywhenused.AbydamagingBsothattheydamageCtodamageDdamaging【正確答案】：C【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】語(yǔ)法應(yīng)用?！癳nough+不定式”(足夠……能)結(jié)構(gòu)常置于形容詞后作狀語(yǔ)，表示結(jié)果；本句是這一結(jié)構(gòu)的否定式；所以C是答案。第10題Wewereworking________timetogeteverythingreadyfortheexhibition.AagainstBinConDahead【正確答案】：A【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。A．(work)against(time)搶時(shí)間完成工作；B．in(time)與時(shí)；C．on(time)按時(shí)、準(zhǔn)時(shí)；D．a(chǎn)head表“提前”時(shí)一般用aheadof。第11題OurflighttoGuangzhouwas________byabadfogandwehadtostaymuchlongerinthehotelthanwehadexpected.AdelayedBadjournedCcancelledDpreserved【正確答案】：A【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】近義辨析。A．delayed耽擱，延誤，推遲(指由于某種原因推遲，稍后還將繼續(xù)，但不表明延期的具體時(shí)間)；如：Theaccidentdelayedthetrain．火車(chē)因事故晚點(diǎn)。B．a(chǎn)djourned使中止，推遲(一般指會(huì)議休會(huì)，則其在繼續(xù)開(kāi))；如：Thehearingwillbeadjourneduntiltomorrowmorning．聽(tīng)證會(huì)推遲到明天上午舉行。C．cancelled取消；D．preserved保存，保藏。第12題________pollutioncontrolmeasuresareexpensive,manyindustrieshesitatetoadoptthem.AAlthoughBHoweverCBecauseDOnaccountof【正確答案】：C【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】近義辨析。although雖然(多用于正式文體，語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，只用于表示事實(shí)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，敘述的是已成立的事實(shí))；however然而(較正式，雖與but意思相同，但比but弱，且把相反的概念放到極為次要的地位，因此常常用來(lái)做插入語(yǔ)，還可較婉轉(zhuǎn)地引出最后決定或結(jié)論)；because是從屬連詞，多表示所敘述的理由是本句的重點(diǎn)，引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句；onaccountof因?yàn)椋捎?引導(dǎo)名詞形短語(yǔ)，不能引導(dǎo)從句)；所以C為答案。第13題Leadingstressmanagementexpertssaythatlifewithstresswouldbedulland________.AdisorderlyBtime-consumingCfruitlessDunexciting【正確答案】：D【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】詞義辨析。A．disorderly混亂地，無(wú)秩序地；B．time-consuming花費(fèi)大量時(shí)間的；C．fruitless不結(jié)果實(shí)的；D．unexciting不令人興奮的；“充滿壓力的生活”當(dāng)然應(yīng)是“難以令人興奮與無(wú)趣的”了；所以答案為D。第14題Thisbookisfullofpractical________onhomerepair.AhelpsBtipsCaidsDclues【正確答案】：B【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】詞義辨析。help和aid都表“幫助，援助”之意，help指積極幫助別人出主意，或給予精神、物質(zhì)上的幫助，強(qiáng)調(diào)受助者得到幫助或好處；但作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般用helpful；aid提供物質(zhì)，尤其是金錢(qián)上的幫助或援助；tip提示，技巧，點(diǎn)子，消息；如：Hegavesomegoodtipsongardening．他在園藝方面提出了一些好點(diǎn)子。clue線索；因此選項(xiàng)B為答案。第15題Thespeaker________havecriticizedtheparaprofessionals,knowingfullwellthattheywereseatedintheaudience.AshouldnottoBmustnotCoughtnottoDmaynot【正確答案】：C【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】近義辨析。此處需注意情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法：ought(not)／to與should(not)后接完成時(shí)態(tài)意思相同，表示為本應(yīng)做某事兒而未做(或本不應(yīng)做而做了)感到遺憾，因此應(yīng)選C。二、VocabularyReplacement（本大題13小題．每題1.0分，共13.0分。Thispartconsistsof15sentencesinwhichonewordorphraseisunderlined.Beloweachsentence,therearefourchoicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.YouaretoselecttheONEchoicethatcanreplacetheunderlinedwordwithoutcausinganygrammaticalerrororchangingtheprincipalmeaningofthesentence.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.）第1題Publicrelationspracticeisthedeliberate,plannedandsustainedefforttoestablishandmaintainmutualunderstandingbetweenanorganizationanditspublic.AcompleteBrelatedCintentionalDactive【正確答案】：C【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】形容詞辨析。deliberate深思熟慮的，故意的；A．complete全部的，完成的；B．related敘述的，相關(guān)的；C．intentional有意圖的，故意的；D．a(chǎn)ctive積極的，主動(dòng)的；因此選項(xiàng)C為答案。第2題Tabletennisiseasytolearn,and,bythesametoken,boysdon''tneedalotofspacetopracticeit.AbythesameruleBsymbolicallyCmoreoverDbylogic【正確答案】：C【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】詞義辨析。bythesametoken由于同樣的原因，同樣地；byrule按照規(guī)則，墨守成規(guī)地；symbolically象征性地；moreover而且，此外；bylogic按邏輯。第3題Icelandhastheoldestparliament,whichgoesasfarbackto930A.D.whenAlthing,thelegislativeorganization,wasestablished.AofficeBadobeCassemblyDbuilding【正確答案】：C【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】名詞辨析。A．office辦公室；(英)政府機(jī)關(guān)，部；B．a(chǎn)dobe指磚坯砌成的房子；C．a(chǎn)ssembly集合，集會(huì)；alegislativeassembly指立法機(jī)關(guān)；D．building建筑物；因此C為答案。第4題TheNationalIndustrialRecoveryActwasdesignedtospurindustry.AtaxBstimulateCcensureDrebuke【正確答案】：B【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。spur鞭策，刺激；tax對(duì)……征稅，使負(fù)重?fù)?dān)；stimulate刺激，激勵(lì)；censure責(zé)難；rebuke斥責(zé)，非難；因此選項(xiàng)B為答案。第5題Onlyindividualbenefactorsandadhocgrantshavemadepossibletheecologicalsurveysalreadyundertaken.AadditionalBgovernmentalCspecialDorganizational【正確答案】：C【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】形容詞辨析。adhoc形容詞或副詞：特別的(地)，臨機(jī)應(yīng)變的(地)，為此時(shí)此地某一特定目的(的)。A．a(chǎn)dditional另外的，附加的；B．governmental政府的，政府管轄的；C．special特別的，專門(mén)的；D．organizational組織的。第6題Innovativeapproachestomanufacturing,coupledwiththetremendoussizeofthedomesticmarket,ledtotheemergenceoftheUnitedStatesasanindustrialgiant.AfollowedbyBderivingfromCcombinedwithDmixedwith【正確答案】：C【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】詞語(yǔ)辨析。couplewith加上，外加；derivefrom得自，由來(lái)，衍生；combinewith結(jié)合，聯(lián)合，合并，化合；因此選項(xiàng)C為答案。第7題AttheWorldLiteracyCenter,anorganizationthatworkstohelppeopleread,thehelpersworkhard,enablingthemtosuccessfullyreachtheirgoals.AassistantsBvolunteersCpart-timersDamateurs【正確答案】：B【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】近義詞辨析。help和assist都有“幫助”之義，但assist強(qiáng)調(diào)起協(xié)助、輔助性的作用；而本句話中的helper并不僅僅指普通的幫手，而是幫助人們掌握閱讀能力的志愿者，因此選項(xiàng)B．volunteers志愿者更符合題意。注意此類題型不要只看表面意思，要理解其語(yǔ)篇含義。第8題MaryMcCarthy''ssatiresarecouchedintheprosestylethathasaclassicprecision.AfusedBprefacedCstandardizedDexpressed【正確答案】：D【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。couch表達(dá)，隱含，措詞；如：Poetscouchtheirfeelinginbeautifullanguage．詩(shī)人用美麗的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)他們的感受。fuse熔合，使結(jié)合；preface為……寫(xiě)序言，作為……的開(kāi)端；standardize使符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，使標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化；express表達(dá)，表示；如：Sheexpressedherappreciationfortheirgracioushospitality．她對(duì)他們的殷勤款待表示感謝。第9題Onlytheeliteofsocietyattendedthereceptionforthenewgovernor.AthosethoughtofasthebestpeopleBtheintellectualsCthewhite-collarpeopleDtheofficials【正確答案】：A【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】詞義辨析。theélite出類拔萃的人(集團(tuán))，精英。A．thosethoughtofasthebestpeople被認(rèn)作是最杰出的人；B．theintellectuals知識(shí)分子；C．thewhite-collarpeople白領(lǐng)人士；D．theofficials官員，公務(wù)員。第10題Thedichotomypostulatedbymanybetweenmoralityandinterests,betweenidealismandrealism,isoneofthestandardclichésoftheongoingdebateoverinternationalaffairs.AdivisionintotwopartsBcombinationoftwopartsCdisparityDcontradiction【正確答案】：A【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】名詞辨析。dichotomy二分法，一分為二。A．divisionintotwoparts分為兩部分；B．combinationoftwoparts兩部分的結(jié)合或合并；C．disparity(職位、數(shù)量、質(zhì)量等)不一致，不同，不等；D．contradiction反駁，矛盾。第11題Themoststrikingtechnologicalsuccessinthe20thcenturyisprobablythecomputerrevolution.AprofitableBproductiveCprominentDprompt【正確答案】：C【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】形容詞辨析。striking顯著的，驚人的；A．profitable有利可圖的；B．productive生產(chǎn)性的，多產(chǎn)的；C．prominent卓越的，顯著的；D．prompt敏捷的，與時(shí)的；因此選項(xiàng)C為答案。第12題Mostspeciesofthisplantthriveinordinarywell-drainedgardensoilandtheyarebestplanted8cmdeepand5cmapart.AdevelopwellBgrowtallerCmatureDbearfruit【正確答案】：A【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。thrive興旺，繁榮，茁壯成長(zhǎng)；A．developwell生長(zhǎng)，發(fā)展，發(fā)育得好；B．growtaller漸漸長(zhǎng)高；C．mature成熟，到期；D．bearfruit結(jié)出果實(shí)，奏效；因此選項(xiàng)A為答案。第13題Nineteenth-centuryscholarstriedtotracetheoriginsofmodernlanguagestoancientHebrew.AlimitBconnectCconvertDdraw【正確答案】：B【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。trace追蹤，查找，追溯，探索；limit限制，限定；connect聯(lián)結(jié)，把……聯(lián)系起來(lái)，由……聯(lián)想到；convert使轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)換；draw汲取，領(lǐng)取，引起；所以答案為B。三、CorrectingGrammaticalErrors（本大題12小題．每題1.0分，共12.0分。Thispartconsistsof15sentencesinwhichthereisanunderlinedpartthatindicatesagrammaticalerrorBeloweachsentence,therearefourchoicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.YouaretoselecttheONEchoiceandreplacetheunderlinedelement(s)sothattheerroriserasedandcorrected.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.）第1題Icannotthankyouverymuchforyourkindness,Iowemysuccesstoyou.AsoBtooCasDenough【正確答案】：B【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】習(xí)慣搭配。cannot…too…是固定搭配，表示“再……也不為過(guò)，越……越好”；答案為B。第2題Isupposethepartyendedinafriendlyatmosphere,isn'tit?Adon'tIBdoICdiditDdidn'tit【正確答案】：D【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。本句考察的是反意疑問(wèn)句的用法：陳述句謂語(yǔ)用肯定形式，疑問(wèn)句謂語(yǔ)要用否定形式，因此選項(xiàng)B、C均不對(duì)；陳述句強(qiáng)調(diào)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是ended，所以反意疑問(wèn)句應(yīng)為didn'tit，選項(xiàng)D是答案。第3題Allmammalshavehair,butnotalwaysevident.AbutitisnotBbutitisCbuttheyarenotDbuttheyare【正確答案】：A【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。此句意為：所有的哺乳動(dòng)物都有毛發(fā)，但并不明顯。but引導(dǎo)的句子主語(yǔ)應(yīng)是指代前面所提的整件事，而不是前句主語(yǔ)allmammals；因此主語(yǔ)應(yīng)用it；如用選項(xiàng)B，本句就不能用but連接了；因此只有選項(xiàng)A是答案。第4題Accordingtosomescientists,thecomputerwilldomuchharmtopeople''shealthassmokinganddrugsdo.Adoesmuchharm...smokingBwilldoasmuchharm...cigarettesCwillbedoingasmuchharm...smokingDdoesasmuchharm...cigarettes【正確答案】：B【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。此句是一個(gè)帶有原級(jí)比較as…as的句型結(jié)構(gòu)，比較結(jié)構(gòu)后面的as是連接詞，不是副詞；前一個(gè)空白處的比較成分中應(yīng)有從屬連詞as，第二個(gè)空白處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)和drug詞性相同的成分；因此選項(xiàng)A和C均不對(duì)；又因“計(jì)算機(jī)對(duì)人類健康帶來(lái)危害”是科學(xué)家的推測(cè)，不是既定事實(shí)，因此用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，所以選項(xiàng)D也不對(duì)。第5題Whenanorganismiscompletelyencapsulatedandpreserved,itbecomesafossil,thereforeturningintoevidenceofthingsthatoncelived.AtherebyBasaresultofCsoDintheend【正確答案】：A【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】副詞應(yīng)用。Therefore和thereby均為副詞，表“因此”，但therefore后通常跟一個(gè)句子；而thereby后常接現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。asaresultof由于(asaresult才表“因此”)，因此A為答案。第6題Thetrapezeartistwhoranawaywiththeclownbrokeuptheliontamer''sheart.AbrokeawayBbrokedownCbrokeDbrokendown【正確答案】：C【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】動(dòng)詞搭配。breakup打碎，終止，驅(qū)散；breakaway突然離開(kāi)，放棄(習(xí)慣等)；breakdown毀掉，制服，中止；而本句要表達(dá)的意思是：……令訓(xùn)獅員非常傷心；所以應(yīng)用breakone'sheart，選項(xiàng)C正確。第7題Havingfinishedlunch,thecasewasdiscussed.AtheydiscussedthecaseBtheyhaddiscussedthecaseCthecasewasdiscussedDthecasehadbeendiscussed【正確答案】：A【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)應(yīng)與句中主語(yǔ)一致。句中只能是they在discuss，分詞邏輯主語(yǔ)是they，句子主語(yǔ)也應(yīng)是they；所以選項(xiàng)c、D均不對(duì)；而前半句用的是現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前，所以選項(xiàng)A是答案。第8題Unlikecompetitiverunning,racewalkersmustalwayskeepsomeportionoftheirfeetincontactwiththeground.ArunBrunnerCrunnersDrunningrace【正確答案】：C【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】名詞應(yīng)用。本句意為：跟賽跑者不一樣，競(jìng)走者必須始終使腳的某一部分接觸地面。在此相比較的是賽跑者與競(jìng)走者，因此答案應(yīng)在B、C中選擇，又因主語(yǔ)racewalkers是復(fù)數(shù)，所以選項(xiàng)C是答案。第9題Theprofessorisquitedifficultpleased.AtopleaseBtobepleasedCforpleasingDpleasing【正確答案】：A【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。此句是用動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)：Topleasetheprofessorisdifficult．此句常寫(xiě)作：Itisdifficulttopleasetheprofessor．因此答案為A。第10題Thehard,outsurfaceofthetoothiscalledenamel.AoutsideBappearanceCouterDhiding【正確答案】：C【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】形容詞應(yīng)用。outside和outer均有“外部的”意思。但outside一般指物體的外表或表面；而outer指一種相對(duì)性，即相對(duì)于內(nèi)部而言的外部或外表；appearance外貌，外觀；hiding隱匿；在此指牙齒的外表面，是相對(duì)于內(nèi)部而言的，因此選項(xiàng)C為答案。第11題Thegovernmenthashardlytakenmeasurestocrackdownonthesecrimeswhennewonesoccurred.AHardlyhadthegovernmenttakenBThegovernmenthadhardlytakenCHardlythegovernmenthadtakenDThegovernmentishardlytaking【正確答案】：A【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)用。此句是倒裝句hardly…when的用法。從屬連詞nosooner…than，hardly…when，scarcely…when／before通常需在主句中采用部分倒裝的形式。這種句型一般用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)動(dòng)作緊跟在一個(gè)動(dòng)作后面發(fā)生……此句意為“原有的犯罪行為還沒(méi)得到制裁，新的犯罪行為又出現(xiàn)了?！彼赃x項(xiàng)A正確。第12題Whentheybrokeopenthedoor,theyfoundastrangemanliedonthefloorunconscious.AlayBlaidClainDlying【正確答案】：D【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】副詞應(yīng)用。根據(jù)本句內(nèi)容，劃線部分應(yīng)填部分是分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)；因此處賓補(bǔ)與賓語(yǔ)(astrangeman)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)填現(xiàn)在分詞，選項(xiàng)D是答案。四、ReadingComprehension（共25小題,共25.0分）Inthissectionyouwillfindaftereachofthepassagesanumberofquestionsorunfinishedstatementsaboutthepassage,eachwithfour(A,B,CandD)suggestedanswersorwaysoffinishing.Youmustchoosetheonewhichyouthinkfitsbest.第1題PhyllisWheatleyisregardedasAmerica''sfirstblackpoet.ShewasborninSenegal,Africa,about1753andbroughttoAmericaaboardaslaveshipatabouttheageofseven.JohnandSusannahWheatleyboughtherforthreepoundsataslaveauctioninBostonin1761tobeapersonalservantofMrs.Wheatley.Thefamilyhadthreeotherslaves,andallweretreatedwithrespect.Phylliswassoonacceptedasoneofthefamily,whichincludedbeingraisedandeducatedwiththeWheatley''stwin15-year-oldchildren,MaryandNathaniel.Atthattime,mostfemales,evenfrombetterfamilies,couldnotreadandwrite,butMarywasprobablyoneofthebesteducatedyoungwomeninBoston.Marywantedtobecomeateacher,andinfact,itwasMarywhodecidedtotakechargeofPhyllis''seducation.Phyllissoondisplayedherremarkabletalents.AttheageoftwelveshewasreadingtheGreekandLatinclassicsandpassagesfromtheBible.Andeventually,Mrs.WheatleydecidedPhyllisshouldbecomeaChristian.AttheageofthirteenPhylliswroteherfirstpoem.ShebecameaBostonsensationaftershewroteapoemonthedeathoftheevangelicalpreacherGeorgeWhitfieldin1770.ItbecamecommonpracticeinBostontohave"Mrs.Wheatley''sPhyllis"readpoetryinpolitesociety.Marymarriedin1771,andPhyllislatermovedtothecountrybecauseofpoorhealth,asateacherandcaretakertoafarmer''sthreechildren.MaryhadtriedtointerestpublishersinPhyllis''spoemsbutoncetheyheardshewasaNegrotheyweren''tinterested.Thenin1773PhylliswentwithNathaniel,whowasnowabusinessman,toLondon.Itwasthoughtthataseavoyagemightimproveherhealth.Thirty-nineofherpoemswerepublishedinLondonasPoemsonVariousSubjects,ReligiousandMoral.ItwasthefirstbookpublishedbyablackAmerican.In1775PhylliswroteapoemextollingtheaccomplishmentsofGeorgeWashingtonandsentittohim.Herespondedbypraisinghertalentsandinvitinghertovisithisheadquarters.Afterbothofherbenefactorsdiedin1777,andMarydiedin1778,Phylliswasfreedasaslave.Shemarriedin1778,movedawayfromBoston,andhadthreechildren.Butaftertheunhappymarriage,shemovedbacktoBoston,anddiedinpovertyattheageofthirty.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?ASlaveryandthetreatmentoftheblackpeopleinAmerica.BTheWheatleyfamily,includingtheirslaves.CThelifeofAmerica'sfirstblackpoet.DTheachievementsofPhyllisWheatley.【正確答案】：C【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】主旨題型。本文首先談與她是美國(guó)第一個(gè)黑人詩(shī)人，后描寫(xiě)了她出生在非洲，被販賣(mài)黑奴的船只帶到美國(guó)，被JohnandSusannahWheatley買(mǎi)去，與其他黑奴一樣在這家受到尊重；跟從JohnandSusannahWheatley的女兒Mary受教育……；十三歲寫(xiě)出她的第一首詩(shī)……；后結(jié)婚生子，最終三十歲時(shí)窮困而死；因此選項(xiàng)C是答案。第2題Theword"respect"inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto________.AconsiderationBdisregardCpunishmentDbehavior【正確答案】：A【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】詞義題型。從第一段可以看出她雖被賣(mài)為奴隸，卻受到良好的對(duì)待，甚至不久就被當(dāng)作是家庭的一員(Phylliswassoonacceptedasoneofthefamily)，因此respect在此應(yīng)為consideration體貼，照顧；選項(xiàng)A正確。其余幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)全是反義。第3題Accordingtothepassage,howmanyslavesdidtheWheatley'shave?AOne.BTwo.CThree.DFour.【正確答案】：D【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】細(xì)節(jié)題型。見(jiàn)第一段第四句：Thefamilyhadthreeotherslaves…．她也是被買(mǎi)為奴隸的，……因此這家有4個(gè)奴隸；選項(xiàng)D為答案。第4題Accordingtothepassage,anunusualfeatureofMarywasthatshe________.AwasnotmucholderthanPhyllisBwantedtobecomeateacherCwascomparativelywelleducatedDdecidedtotakechargeofPhyllis'seducation【正確答案】：C【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】細(xì)節(jié)題型。盡管選項(xiàng)B、c、D都與文章內(nèi)容相符，但本題問(wèn)的是Mary本身?yè)碛械呐c眾不同的特點(diǎn)，所以選項(xiàng)C為答案。第5題Theword"eventually"inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto________.AultimatelyBslowlyCreluctantlyDgradually【正確答案】：A【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】詞義題型。eventually最后，終于；文章提到Mrs.Wheatley一家將她買(mǎi)為奴隸，卻撫養(yǎng)教育她，最終Mrs.Wheatley決定讓她成為一個(gè)基督徒。選項(xiàng)B．緩慢地；C．不情愿地；D．逐漸地；均不符合題意；因此只有選項(xiàng)A是答案。第6題WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutPhyllisintheearly1770s?AShewroteherfirstpoemwheninherteens.BShemarriedin1771.CShebecameateacher.DShewasabletogetherpoemspublished.【正確答案】：B【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】細(xì)節(jié)題型。選項(xiàng)A在第二段第一句中提與；選項(xiàng)c在第二段倒數(shù)第二句中提與；選項(xiàng)D在第三段第三句中提與；只有選項(xiàng)B是錯(cuò)誤的；因此B為答案。第7題Theword"they"inthelastsentenceParagraph2refersto________.ApublishersBpoemsCchildrenDblackpeople【正確答案】：A【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】細(xì)節(jié)題型。此句意為：Mary試圖使出版商對(duì)Phyllis的詩(shī)感興趣，但一旦他們聽(tīng)說(shuō)Phyllis是個(gè)黑人時(shí)，就興趣索然。因此此處的they指的應(yīng)是選項(xiàng)A。第8題ItcanbeinferredthatPhyllis'striptoEnglandwithNathanielin1773________.AdidnotimproveherhealthBwasforbusinessreasonsCledtobooksofherpoemsbeingavailableinAmericaDledtothepublicationofherpoemsbecausetheEnglishweremoreinterestedinreligiousandmoralsubjects【正確答案】：A【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】推斷題型。由第三段第二句(Itwasthoughtthataseavoyagemightimproveherhealth．)可知這只是人們的希望，并不見(jiàn)得能實(shí)現(xiàn)；因此選項(xiàng)A為答案。第9題Theword"extolling"inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto________.AwelcomingBstatingCbemoaningDpraising【正確答案】：D【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】詞義題型。根據(jù)上下文，她寫(xiě)詩(shī)“extolling”華盛頓的成就并將詩(shī)送給他。因此，extolling應(yīng)為“贊美”之意，選項(xiàng)D正確。第10題WhichofthefollowingconclusionsaboutPhyllisissupportedbythepassage?AShewouldhavebeenmorerecognizedasapoetifshehadnotbeenblack.BShewouldhavewrittenpoetryifshehadstayedinAfrica.CShewentunrecognizedasapoetduringherlifetime.DSheonlywrotereligiouspoetry.【正確答案】：A【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】主旨題型。根據(jù)全文得知：她才華橫溢，十二歲時(shí)即能看希臘、羅馬名著和圣經(jīng)，十三歲時(shí)寫(xiě)出第一首詩(shī)……；但當(dāng)出版商們得知她是黑人就對(duì)她不感興趣了……。因此我們可總結(jié)出：如果她不是黑人，她會(huì)得到更多的認(rèn)可。選項(xiàng)A正確。第11題Electronicmailhasbecomeanextremelyimportantandpopularmeansofcommunication.Theconvenienceandefficiencyofelectronicmailarethreatenedbytheextremelyrapidgrowthinthevolumeofunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmail.Unsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailiscurrentlyestimatedtoaccountforoverhalfofallelectronicmailtraffic,upfromanestimated7percentin2001,andthevolumecontinuestorise.Mostofthesemessagesarefraudulentordeceptiveinoneormorerespects.Thereceiptofunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailmayresultincoststorecipientswhocannotrefusetoacceptsuchmailandwhoincurcostsforthestorageofsuchmail,orforthetimespentaccessing,reviewing,anddiscardingsuchmail,orforboth.Thereceiptofalargenumberofunwantedmessagesalsodecreasestheconvenienceofelectronicmailandcreatesariskthatwantedelectronicmailmessages,bothcommercialandnoncommercial,willbelost,overlooked,ordiscardedamidstthelargervolumeofunwantedmessages,thusreducingthereliabilityandusefulnessofelectronicmailtotherecipient.Somecommercialelectronicmailcontainsmaterialthatmanyrecipientsmayconsidervulgarorpornographicinnature.ThegrowthinunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailimposessignificantmonetarycostsonprovidersofInternetaccessservices,businesses,andeducationalandnonprofitinstitutionsthatcarryandreceivesuchmail,asthereisafinitevolumeofmailthatsuchproviders,businesses,andinstitutionscanhandlewithoutfurtherinvestmentininfrastructure.Manysendersofunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailpurposefullydisguisethesourceofsuchmail.Manysendersofunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailpurposefullyincludemisleadinginformationinthemessages''subjectlinesinordertoinducetherecipientstoviewthemessages.Whilesomesendersofcommercialelectronicmailmessagesprovidesimpleandreliablewaysforrecipientstoreject(or''opt-out''of)receiptofcommercialelectronicmailfromsuchsendersinthefuture,othersendersprovidenosuch''opt-out''mechanism,orrefusetohonortherequestsofrecipientsnottoreceiveelectronicmailfromsuchsendersinthefuture,orboth.ManysendersofbulkunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailusecomputerprogramstogatherlargenumbersofelectronicmailaddressesonanautomatedbasisfromInternetwebsitesoronlineserviceswhereusersmustposttheiraddressesinordertomakefulluseofthewebsiteorservice.Theproblemsassociatedwiththerapidgrowthandabuseofunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailcannotbesolvedbythegovernmentalone.Thedevelopmentandadoptionoftechnologicalapproachesandthepursuitofcooperativeeffortswithothercountrieswillbenecessaryaswell.Accordingtothepassage,efficiencyofe-mailisthreatenedby________.Aheavye-mailtrafficBfraudulente-mailmessagesClargevolumeofmessagesDincreasingamountofunwantede-mail【正確答案】：D【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】細(xì)節(jié)題型。見(jiàn)第二段第一句：Theconvenienceandefficiencyofelectronicmailarethreatenedbyunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmall．從第三段得知unsolicitedcommercialelectronicmail指的是unwantedmessages；因此選項(xiàng)D為答案。第12題WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutunwantede-mail?AItcostsmoneytoreceivethem.BIt'sfreetostorethem.CIttakestimetoaccessthem.DIttakestimetothrowthemaway.【正確答案】：B【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】是非題型。見(jiàn)第三段第一句：Thereceiptofunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailmayresultincoststorecipientswho，orforthetimespentaccessing，reviewing，anddiscardingsuchmail，orforboth．分別是選項(xiàng)A、C、D的內(nèi)容，因此只有選項(xiàng)B為答案。第13題Unwantede-mailmay________.AcausecompaniestofailinbusinessBcausewantede-mailmessagestoloseCdamagethecreditofacompanyDdogoodtoasmallcompany【正確答案】：B【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】細(xì)節(jié)題型。見(jiàn)第三段第二句：Thereceiptofalargenumberofunwantedmessagesalsodecreasestheconvenienceofelectronicmailandcreatesariskthatwantedelectronicmailmessages，bothcommercialandnoncommercial，willbelost,overlooked，ordiscardedamidst…因此選項(xiàng)B為答案。第14題PornographicinParagraph3probablymeans________.AdecentBinstructionalCsexualDcommercial【正確答案】：C【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】詞義題型。本文第三段主要談與unsolicitedcommercialelectronicmail帶來(lái)的害處，且根據(jù)上下文，pornographic應(yīng)與or前面的vulgar(粗俗的)近義；因此選項(xiàng)A．decent正派的，有分寸的、B．instructional指導(dǎo)的，教育的、D．commercial商業(yè)的，貿(mào)易的，均不符合題意；只有選項(xiàng)、C．sexual(性的)符合題意，是答案。pornographic色情的，色情作品的。第15題Whatdoesunwantede-mailmessagesdototheprovidersoftheInternetservices?ARaisingtheircost.BRaisingtheInternetspeed.CImprovingtheirbusiness.DAttractinginvestment.【正確答案】：A【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】細(xì)節(jié)題型。見(jiàn)第四段第一句：ThegrowthinunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailimposessignificantmonetarycostsonprovidersofInternetaccessservices,businesses，andeducationalandnonprofitinstitutionsthat…因此選項(xiàng)A是答案。第16題DisguiseinParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto________.ArevealBhideCdeliverDpost【正確答案】：B【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】詞義題型。見(jiàn)第四段最后一句：Manysendersofunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailpurposefullydisguisethesourceofsuchmail．根據(jù)前面提與的unsolicitedcommercialelectronicmail會(huì)帶來(lái)許多危害，可推斷出發(fā)送人當(dāng)然不希望人們知道他們的地址了；因此選項(xiàng)B．hide(隱藏，掩飾)是答案。disguise隱瞞，掩飾；reveal展現(xiàn)，揭示；deliver遞送，陳述；post郵遞，張貼，揭示。第17題Theword"induce"inParagraph5isclosestinmeaningto________.AcheatBintroduceCprovideDharm【正確答案】：A【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】詞義題型。從第五段第一句：Manysendersofunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailpurposefullyincludemisleadinginformationinthemessages'subjectlinesinordertoinducetherecipientstoviewthemessages．得知：這些人故意在郵件主題欄中使用一些會(huì)誤導(dǎo)的信息來(lái)收件人觀看信息；四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中A．cheat(欺騙，騙取)用在劃線部分最符合題意。選項(xiàng)B(介紹)和C(提供)都不如A的意思恰當(dāng)。第18題Opt-outmechanismisprobably________AamachinethatcanbeattachedtoyourcomputerBabuttonthatyoucanmakeachoicetoreadornottoreadCasoftwarethatyoucanplayacomputergameDane-mailthatsayssomegoodwordstoyou【正確答案】：B【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】細(xì)節(jié)題型。第四段第二句是個(gè)對(duì)比句：whilesomesenders…providesimpleandreliablewaysforrecipientstoreject(or‘opt—out’of)receiptof…，othersendersprovidenosuch‘opt-out’mechanism…從中得知‘opt—out’應(yīng)是reject的近義詞；而‘opt—out’mechanism應(yīng)是前半句中提到的simpleandreliablewaysforrecipientstorejectreceiptof…；因此選項(xiàng)B最符合題意。第19題ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph6thatbulkunsolicitedcommerciale-mailwillprobablyspread________.AharmfulvirusBunpleasantnewsCadvertisementsDadultjokes【正確答案】：C【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】推斷題型。從第六段得知：發(fā)送這些unwantedmessages的人利用電腦程序自動(dòng)從國(guó)際互聯(lián)網(wǎng)站或在線服務(wù)來(lái)收集大量的e-mail地址……，由此推知：他們會(huì)向這些地址發(fā)送unwantedmessages，目的當(dāng)然應(yīng)是發(fā)送廣告了；因此選項(xiàng)C是答案。第20題Theunwantede-mailproblemcanbesolvedif________.AthegovernmenttakesactionBanewtechnologyisadoptedCmorepeopleareawareoftheproblemDjointeffortsaremadeandnewtechnologyisused【正確答案】：D【本題分?jǐn)?shù)】：1.0分【答案解析】細(xì)節(jié)題型。見(jiàn)最后一段。選項(xiàng)A、B、C的內(nèi)容都對(duì)，但都不全面；只有選項(xiàng)D(人們共同的努力和新技術(shù)的使用)最全面，是答案。第21題Texanshaveburstingprideandloveattention.Theyalsohaveathickstreakofshortsightedgreedand,evenbyAmericanstandards,abusteddispositiontoviolence.WhentheyhearthissortofcriticismtheyusuallyascribeittotheignoranceandjealousyofstuffyYankeeswhohavenotspentenoughtimeinthestatetounderstandit.Forsuchavowedlyrobustpeopletheyaresurprisinglysensitive.TheyhatedEdnaFerber''snovelGiant,whichscourgedTexanvulgarity,racismandthemoresofmillionaires,buttheyboughtitingreatquantitiesandpackedcinemastoseethefilm.Theywouldratherbetalkedaboutthannot,andifyoudonottalkaboutthemtheydoitforyou.Inclaimingspecialqualitiesforthemselves,Texanshavehadtobecomereconciledtothefactthatalargenumberofthemarenotnative.Inthelastcentury"GonetoTexas"wasacommonplacegraffitodaubedonbarnsinotherstates,andinrecentyears"GonetoTexas"has,figuratively,beenwrittenonthefrontdoorsofmillionsofAmericansandalsoMexicans.Intheearly1980snewcomersaccountedfornearlytwo-thirdsofthestate''spopulationincrease.ButTexansdonotbelievetheyarebeingdiluted.TheymaintainthatTexanhood,orTexianism,isamatterofattitudeandthatTexanicqualitiesexistinabundanceinmanyAmericans,regardlessoftheirbirthplace:itiswhenthesepeopleareplantedinTexas,andnourishedbyitsatmosphere,thattheyflowerliketrueTexans.AmanmaynotbeborninTexas,whichisunfortunate;buthecanbeborntobeTexan.ManyAlaskansareurban,youngandraisingfamilies,hereforawhile,andtryingtomakemoneybeforemovingtosomewherewarmer.Butmanyarestaying.WhilemostremaininAnchorageandothercenters,somesetouttobuildacabinint