重慶市南開2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期7月月考英語試卷（解析版）

重慶南開中學(xué)高2025級高三7月考試英語試題本試卷分第I卷和第II卷兩部分。共150分。考試用時120分鐘。第I卷（共110分）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)；滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話，每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatwillthespeakersdoonThursday?A.Playfootball.B.Watchamovie.C.Gohiking.2Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Placeanorder.B.Designauniform.C.Formateam.3.WhatisSally’sfavoritecity?A.Paris.B.Madrid.C.Venice.4.Wherewillthespeakersgo?A.Toacafe.B.Toadessertshop.C.Toabookstore.5.WhatrelationisMr.Gomeztotheman?A.Histeacher.B.Hisclient.C.Hisboss.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間，每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Whatisthemandoing?A.Drivingacar.B.Repairingacar.C.Borrowingacar.7.Howdoesthemansoundintheend?A.Confused.B.Hesitant.C.Confident.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Ajobcandidate.B.Anewworkmate.C.Travelarrangements.9.HowdoesStevenJohnsonimpresstheman?A.Byhisworkingexperiences.B.Byhiscommunicationskills.C.Byhisinternationalbackground.10.WhenwillthespeakersmeetStevenJohnson?A.Tomorrow.B.Nextweek.C.Theweekafternext.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhatwillthemandoonMonday?A.Startanewposition.B.Packhisbelongings.C.Attendameeting.12.Whatisthemanbusydoingnow?AMovingtohisnewoffice.B.Checkingoffofficesupplies.C.Preparingforapromotioncampaign.13.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodo?A.Reviewanexpensereport.B.Providethemanwithsupplies.C.Arrangeacompanycelebration.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Wherewilltheeventtakeplace?A.Atacoffeeshop.B.Atamusichall.C.Atapark.15.Whydidthewomanchoosethelocation?A.It’sprivate.B.It’sfamilyfriendly.C.It’srequestedbythecharity.16.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Organizesomeactivities.B.Contributesomemoney.C.Contactsomebands.17.Whatistheevent’spurpose?A.Toenjoysomelivemusic.B.Tohelpananimalshelter.C.Tohavesomefamilyfun.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.WhydidthespeakerlearnArabic?A.ShewantedtostudyinCairo.B.Shewasinspiredbyherteacher.C.Shebecameinterestedintheculture.19.Whatisthebiggestchallengeforthespeaker?A.Sufferingfromcultureshock.B.Findingahotelandaccommodation.C.MasteringwrittenandspokenArabic.20.Whatexcitesthespeakermost?A.Beinginvitedtoameal.B.Shoppingatalocalmarket.C.Gettingtoknowthelocals.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)；滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）請閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項的標號涂黑。AHarvard’sPre-CollegeProgramforhighschoolstudentsisanintensivetwo-weeksummerprogramdesignedtogiveyouaglimpseofcollegelife.YouwillliveontheHarvardcampusduringyourtwo-weeksessionwhiletakingacollege-levelcoursewithotherPre-CollegeProgramstudents.WhoCanParticipateinthePre-CollegeProgram?Harvard’sPre-CollegeProgramisdesignedformature,academicallymotivatedstudentswhoareinterestedinexploringapotentialmajororsimplyfindingoutwhatcollegeisreallylike.Youmustmeetthefollowingcriteria:Willgraduatefromhighschoolandentercollegein2025or2026.Areatleast16yearsoldbyJune22,2024,andwillnotturn19yearsoldbeforeJuly31,2024.ImportantDeadlines:EarlyApplicationandPriorityFinancialAidDeadline—January10,2024RegularApplicationandFinancialAidDeadline—February14,2024LateApplicationDeadline—April10,2024CoursesatHarvard’sPre-CollegeProgramWithalmost30coursestochoosefromineachsession,you’resuretofindatopicthatsparksyourinterestamongthecoursesofferedtoPre-CollegeProgramstudentsAttheendoftheprogram,you’llreceiveawrittenevaluationfromyourinstructor,aswellasaHarvardtranscript(成績單)withagradeofARorNM(“metallrequirements”or“requirementsnotmet”).Thisisagreatwaytoenhanceyourcollegeapplication.Pleasenote:YouneedtoattendeveryclassentirelytoreceiveapassinggradeofAR.Explorethe2024coursecatalogorbrowsecoursesbytopicbelow.Speech,WritingandLiteraturePsychology,Medicine,andPublicHealthLaw,Politics,Philosophy,andHistoryBusinessandLeadershipRace,Gender,andEthicsScience,Technology,Engineering,Arts,andMath(STEAM)WhyChooseHarvard’sPre-CollegeProgram?Harvard’sPre-CollegeProgramcombinesthehardworkofanIvyLeagueeducationwiththefunthatcomeswithlivingandstudying.Whetheryou’reengaginginmeaningfuldebateinclass,sharingyourskillsatatalentshow,orexploringtheBostonarea,you’llbecreatingmemoriesthatwilllastyoualifetime.1.WhichhighschoolstudentsarequalifiedforHarvard’sPre-CollegeProgram?A.Studentsyoungerthan16afterJune22,2024.B.Studentsolderthan19beforeJuly31,2024.C.2025graduatesapplyingafterApril10,2024.D.2026graduatesapplyingonFebruary13,2024.2.WhatdoestheHarvardtranscriptwithagradeofARindicate?A.Thestudenthasachievedthecourseobjectives.B.Thestudenthasnotmetthecourserequirements.C.Thestudenthasbeenguaranteedhiscollegeapplication.D.Thestudenthasfinishedalltheclassesforcollegegraduation.3.WhatisthemainpurposeofHarvard’sPre-CollegeProgram?A.Toofferstudentsatasteofcollegestudyandon-campuslife.B.Toensurethatstudentsreceiveapassinggradeinalltheircourses.C.Toprovidefinancialaidtothestudentswhoapplyfortheprogram.D.TogivestudentsachancetoexploreBostonandengageinsocialactivities.【答案】1.D2.A3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要講述了哈佛大學(xué)預(yù)科的一些信息，包括申請人資格和申請日期最后期限，課程設(shè)置，以及該課程的吸引力所在?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“WhoCanParticipateinthePre-CollegeProgram?”部分內(nèi)容“Youmustmeetthefollowingcriteria:Willgraduatefromhighschoolandentercollegein2025or2026.Areatleast16yearsoldbyJune22,2024,andwillnotturn19yearsoldbeforeJuly31,2024.(您必須滿足以下條件：在2025年或2026年高中畢業(yè)并進入大學(xué)。2024年6月22日前年滿16歲，2024年7月31日前未滿19歲。)”以及“ImportantDeadlines:EarlyApplicationandPriorityFinancialAidDeadline—January10,2024;RegularApplicationandFinancialAidDeadline—February14,2024;LateApplicationDeadline—April10,2024(重要截止日期：提前申請和優(yōu)先財政援助截止日期——2024年1月10日；常規(guī)申請和財政援助截止日期——2024年2月14日；申請截止日期——2024年4月10日)”可知，申請者應(yīng)該是2025年或2026年高中畢業(yè)生，年齡要求為2024年6月22日前年滿16歲且2024年7月31日前未滿19歲，并于2024年1月10日前進行提前申請，于2月14日前進行常規(guī)申請或于4月10日前進行申請的人。選項D“2026graduatesapplyingonFebruary13,2024.(2026年畢業(yè)生將于2024年2月13日申請。)”提到的申請者為2026年高中畢業(yè)生，結(jié)合常識可知，美國高中畢業(yè)生年齡一般在18歲到19歲之間，同時，申請時間在2月14日之前，符合以上條件。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章“CoursesatHarvard’sPre-CollegeProgram”部分內(nèi)容“Attheendoftheprogram,you’llreceiveawrittenevaluationfromyourinstructor,aswellasaHarvardtranscriptwithagradeofARorNM(“metallrequirements”or“requirementsnotmet”).Thisisagreatwaytoenhanceyourcollegeapplication.Pleasenote:YouneedtoattendeveryclassentirelytoreceiveapassinggradeofAR.(在課程結(jié)束時，您將收到導(dǎo)師的書面評估，以及哈佛成績單，成績?yōu)锳R或NM(“滿足所有要求”或“不滿足要求”)。這是一個提高你的大學(xué)申請的好方法。請注意：你需要完全參加每節(jié)課才能獲得AR的及格分數(shù)。)”可知，得到AR成績單說明滿足了所有科目要求，即，實現(xiàn)了所有科目設(shè)定的目標，并在申請大學(xué)方面有所幫助。由此推知，拿到AR成績單意味著該學(xué)生已達到課程目標。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章首段內(nèi)容“Harvard’sPre-CollegeProgramforhighschoolstudentsisanintensivetwo-weeksummerprogramdesignedtogiveyouaglimpseofcollegelife.YouwillliveontheHarvardcampusduringyourtwo-weeksessionwhiletakingacollege-levelcoursewithotherPre-CollegeProgramstudents.(哈佛大學(xué)面向高中生的大學(xué)預(yù)科課程是一個為期兩周的強化暑期課程，旨在讓你一窺大學(xué)生活。在為期兩周的課程中，你將住在哈佛校園里，同時與其他大學(xué)預(yù)科課程的學(xué)生一起學(xué)習(xí)大學(xué)水平的課程。)”可知，哈佛大學(xué)預(yù)科課程旨在讓學(xué)生了解大學(xué)生活，住在哈佛校園里，并與其他學(xué)生一起學(xué)習(xí)大學(xué)水平的課程。由此可推知，其目的應(yīng)是為學(xué)生提供大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)和校園生活的體驗。故選A項。BNestledintheheartofamountainvillageinChina’sGuizhouprovince,thereisauniqueecologicalfamilyfarm.ItisrunbyKevinCillen,a28-year-oldBelgianwhoispassionateabouttheland.Withhisparentsandsiblings,theyhavecombinedWesternfarmingtechniqueswithlocalcountrysidepracticestocultivatean“ecologicaloasis”.Thefamily’spursuitoftheirfarmingdreaminChinabeganin2000,whenKevin’smotherHettyCillenvisitedChinaasavolunteerforthefirsttime.TheenchantinglandscapesandrichculturalheritageofGuizhoufascinatedher,causinghertomakethisforeigncountryherhome.Soonafter,hisfatherPatrickJanCillenjoinedher.In2017,thefamilyrentedaplotamidtheforesttoestablishanecologicalfarmwheretheylaidthefoundation,levelingtheland,sowingpasturesandrearinglambsandchicks.Thelocalshaveopenlyembracedtheforeigners,invitingthemtofestivitiesandcelebratingtraditionalChineseholidaystogether.In2018,YangChengkai,a34-year-oldvillager,befriendedthefamily,oftenassistingthemonthefarm.“Thecommunityhasembracedthisfamily.Eventhevendorsatthelocalmarketcontributebygivingthemvegetablescrapsforfreetofeedtheirlivestock.”Yangsays.Thefamilyfarm,hiddenwithinthedenseforest,isproofofGuizhou’secologicalprogress.Thefarmpracticesdiversifiedgrasscultivationforhigh-qualityanimalfeed,usessolarpanelsforcleanenergyandemploysrainwaterharvestingsystemsforastablewatersupply.LivinginChina,the28-year-oldBelgianhaswitnessedthecountry’sremarkablechanges.HehasalsoseizedtheopportunitiesoftheInternetandnewmediatoincreasethefarm’svisibility.PartneringwithQiuYe,asocialmediainfluencer,hehassetupaccountslike“Kevin’sfamilyinGuizhou”onvariousplatforms.BysharingtheirdailylivesonthefarmandthenaturalbeautyofruralChina,theircontenthasquicklyearnedover700,000subscribers.4.WhatmadeHettyCillendecidetosettleinGuizhou?A.Thenaturalbeauty. B.Volunteerwork.C.Aresearchproject. D.Careerprospects.5.HowdoesthefamilyfarmcontributetoecologicalprogressinGuizhou?A.Bycreatingjobsforthelocals. B.ByintroducingWesternequipment.C.Bypractisingsustainablewayoffarming. D.Byfacilitatingeco-tourismandgreenliving.6.HowhasKevinpromotedthefarm?A.Hehascreatedawebsite. B.Hehassetupsocialmediaaccounts.C.Hehasitadvertisedbylocalvillagers. D.Hehasorganizedeventsforsubscribers.7.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.BelgiansHarvestaGoodFarmLifeinGuizhouB.BelgiansGetEnchantedbytheBeautyofGuizhouC.BelgiansBecomeaSocialMediaInfluencerinChinaD.BelgiansLiveinaLocalChineseCommunity【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了比利時人KevinCillen和他的家人在中國貴州省的一個山村經(jīng)營生態(tài)農(nóng)場的故事，他們結(jié)合西方農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)和當(dāng)?shù)剜l(xiāng)村實踐，創(chuàng)建了一個“生態(tài)綠洲”，并見證了中國的巨大變化?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thefamily’spursuitoftheirfarmingdreaminChinabeganin2000,whenKevin’smotherHettyCillenvisitedChinaasavolunteerforthefirsttime.TheenchantinglandscapesandrichculturalheritageofGuizhoufascinatedher,causinghertomakethisforeigncountryherhome.（這個家庭在中國追求他們的農(nóng)業(yè)夢想始于2000年，當(dāng)時Kevin的母親HettyCillen第一次作為中國志愿者來到中國。貴州迷人的風(fēng)景和豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)讓她著迷，使她把這個外國當(dāng)成了自己的家。）”可知，貴州迷人的風(fēng)景和豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)讓HettyCillen著迷，所以她決定定居在貴州。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thefamilyfarm,hiddenwithinthedenseforest,isproofofGuizhou’secologicalprogress.Thefarmpracticesdiversifiedgrasscultivationforhigh-qualityanimalfeed,usessolarpanelsforcleanenergyandemploysrainwaterharvestingsystemsforastablewatersupply.（隱藏在茂密森林中的家庭農(nóng)場是貴州生態(tài)進步的證明。農(nóng)場種植多樣化的草料以提供高質(zhì)量的動物飼料，使用太陽能電池板提供清潔能源，并采用雨水收集系統(tǒng)以確保穩(wěn)定的水源。）”可知，這個家庭農(nóng)場通過實踐可持續(xù)的農(nóng)業(yè)方式來促進貴州的生態(tài)進步。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“PartneringwithQiuYe,asocialmediainfluencer,hehassetupaccountslike‘Kevin’sfamilyinGuizhou’onvariousplatforms.（他與社交媒體網(wǎng)紅邱野合作，在各種平臺上開設(shè)了‘Kevin在貴州的家人’等賬號。）”可知，Kevin通過在各種平臺上開設(shè)賬號來推廣農(nóng)場。故選B項。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其結(jié)合第一段“NestledintheheartofamountainvillageinChina’sGuizhouprovince,thereisauniqueecologicalfamilyfarm.ItisrunbyKevinCillen,a28-year-oldBelgianwhoispassionateabouttheland.Withhisparentsandsiblings,theyhavecombinedWesternfarmingtechniqueswithlocalcountrysidepracticestocultivatean‘ecologicaloasis’.（坐落在中國貴州省一個山村的中心，有一個獨特的生態(tài)家庭農(nóng)場。它由28歲的比利時人KevinCillen經(jīng)營，他對這片土地充滿熱情。他們與父母和兄弟姐妹一起，將西方農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)與當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)村實踐相結(jié)合，培育出一片‘生態(tài)綠洲’）”可知，本文主要講述了比利時人KevinCillen和他的家人在中國貴州省經(jīng)營生態(tài)農(nóng)場的故事。所以，A項“BelgiansHarvestaGoodFarmLifeinGuizhou（比利時人在貴州收獲美好的農(nóng)場生活）”最適合作文章標題。故選A項。CWhenyouseesomeonetakethatfirstsipoffreshlymademilktea,theirfaceslooklikepurejoy.Acrosstheworld,customersflocktotheirfavoritespotstomeetwithfriendsandsavorsipsofthesetastydrinks.Intheearly2000s,though,milkteawasjustcomingonthescene.Thefewbrandsthatearnedafootholdintheindustrywereconcerned:Wouldmilkteajustbeanotherfad(一時風(fēng)尚)food?Andwithsomuchnewexcitementforthisproduct,would,peoplebeabletodistinguishmilkteacompanies?ThesewerethequestionsthatSerenitea,aManila-basedmilk-teacompany,facedin2014.Whilesuccessfullyopening60stores,theyfoundthemselvesinastrategicfog.Unsureofwhatconsumerstrulyfelttowardsthedrink,theyofferedasmanyflavorsaspossible.Theyalsohadnocleardefinitionofhowtheyweredistinct—theirbrandpromise,productline,andproductpackagingallseemednearlyidenticaltotheircompetitors.Howcouldtheydefinethemselves,inawaythatwoulddeeplyresonate?LikeAirbnb,Sereniteapartneredwithanagency,CIABootlegManila,whichspecializesindrillingdowntothedeepconsumer“why”.Theagencyconductedaseriesofpsychological-basedmarketresearch.Specifically,theyprobedtheconsumer’sdeeper,emotionalconnectionstomilktea,includingtheirearliestchildhoodmemoriesofmilkandtea.Theirresearchrevealedthatmilkteatriggeredthreeconsistentpsychologicalresponses.Peopleconnectedtomilkthroughtheconceptofnurturing;theyfondlyrememberedtheirchildhoodandbeingcaredforbytheirmothers.Next,consumersconnectedteatoitshealingproperties;respondentswouldrecallreceivingteawhentheyhadindigestionproblemsorseeingtheirparentsdrinkingherbalteaforhealthreasons.Lastly,theyassociatedmilkteaitselfwithteenagefun:aguiltypleasureoftheiryouth.Theyhaduncoveredthethreepsychologicalcornerstonesofthemilkteaexperience:nurturing,healing,andteenagefun.Thissetofinsightswascrucial.Byincludingthemintothecoreoftheirbrandstrategy,theychartedanentirelynewpath.8.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“earnedafoothold”meaninParagraph2?A.Madeanadjustment. B.Wonaposition.C.Losttheinitiative. D.Achievedabreakthrough.9.WhatwasSerenitea’smainconcernin2014?A.Beingconfusedwithotherbrands. B.Therapidgrowthofmilkteabrands.C.Thepossibilityofmilkteacatchingon. D.Fallingbehindthechangingconsumertastes.10.WhatdidCIABootlegManilaspecializein?A.Productpackagingdesign. B.Marketexpansionstrategies.C.Analysisofcustomerpsychology. D.Flavorinnovationanddevelopment.11.Whatwasamongthefindingsoftheresearch?A.Milkteawaspopularamongteenagers.B.Customersfoundallmilkteaidentical.C.Customersassociatedmilkteawithhealth.D.Milkteabrandsignoredconsumers’feelings.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Serenitea這個奶茶品牌在發(fā)展過程中遇到挑戰(zhàn)，以及他們?nèi)绾瓮ㄟ^深入研究消費者心理，找到了品牌的獨特定位，從而開辟了一條全新的發(fā)展道路?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)下文“ThesewerethequestionsthatSerenitea,aManila-basedmilk-teacompany,facedin2014.Whilesuccessfullyopening60stores,theyfoundthemselvesinastrategicfog.”（這些都是馬尼拉奶茶公司Serenitea在2014年面臨的問題。雖然成功地開了60家店，但他們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己陷入了戰(zhàn)略迷霧。）可知，馬尼拉奶茶公司Serenitea雖然已經(jīng)開了60家店，在奶茶行業(yè)成功立足，但它仍然充滿擔(dān)憂。由此推知，“馬尼拉奶茶公司Serenitea”是對劃線詞所在句中“Thefewbrandsthatearnedafootholdintheindustry”的舉例說明，其意為“為數(shù)不多的在這個行業(yè)站穩(wěn)腳跟的品牌”，后置定語從句“thatearnedafootholdintheindustry”中“earnedafoothold”的意思是“贏得了一席之地；站穩(wěn)腳跟”，即“Wonaposition”。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Andwithsomuchnewexcitementforthisproduct,would,peoplebeabletodistinguishmilkteacompanies?ThesewerethequestionsthatSerenitea,aManila-basedmilk-teacompany,facedin2014.”（伴隨著這款產(chǎn)品帶來的如此多的新興奮點，人們能否區(qū)分開奶茶公司呢？這些是馬尼拉一家奶茶公司Serenitea在2014年所面臨的問題。）和第三段中“Theyalsohadnocleardefinitionofhowtheyweredistinct—theirbrandpromise,productline,andproductpackagingallseemednearlyidenticaltotheircompetitors.Howcouldtheydefinethemselves,inawaythatwoulddeeplyresonate?”（他們也不清楚自己究竟有何獨特之處——他們的品牌承諾、產(chǎn)品線和產(chǎn)品包裝似乎都與競爭對手幾乎一模一樣。他們究竟該如何界定自身，才能引起消費者的強烈共鳴呢？）可推知，Serenitea在2014年的主要擔(dān)憂是自身品牌與其他奶茶品牌沒有區(qū)分度，容易混淆。故選A項?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“LikeAirbnb,Sereniteapartneredwithanagency,CIABootlegManila,whichspecializesindrillingdowntothedeepconsumer‘why’.Theagencyconductedaseriesofpsychological-basedmarketresearch.Specifically,theyprobedtheconsumer’sdeeper,emotionalconnectionstomilktea,includingtheirearliestchildhoodmemoriesofmilkandtea.”（像Airbnb一樣，Serenitea與一家名為CIABootlegManila的機構(gòu)合作，該機構(gòu)專門研究深入探究消費者的‘為什么’。該機構(gòu)進行了一系列以心理為基礎(chǔ)的市場調(diào)查。具體來說，他們探究了消費者與奶茶更深層次的情感聯(lián)系，包括他們童年對牛奶和茶的最早記憶。）可知，CIABootlegManila進行了一系列以心理為基礎(chǔ)的市場調(diào)查，專門深入探究消費者的心理。故選C項?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Next,consumersconnectedteatoitshealingproperties;respondentswouldrecallreceivingteawhentheyhadindigestionproblemsorseeingtheirparentsdrinkingherbalteaforhealthreasons.”（其次，消費者將奶茶與其治愈特性聯(lián)系起來；受訪者會回憶起當(dāng)他們消化不良時收到茶，或者看到他們的父母為了健康原因喝草藥茶。）可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)消費者把奶茶與健康聯(lián)系起來。故選C項。DShadowsareoftenassociatedwithdarknessanduncertainty.Now,researchersfromtheNationalUniversityofSingapore(NUS)aregivingshadowsapositivespinbydemonstratingawaytoharnessthiscommonbutoftenoverlookedoptical(光學(xué)的)effecttogenerateelectricity.Theteamcreatedadevicecalledashadow-effectenergygenerator(SEG),whichmakesuseofthecontrastinillumination(照明)betweenlitandshadowedareastogenerateelectricity.It’smadeupofaseriesofthinstripsofgoldfilmonasiliconlayer,whichisthenplacedonaflexibleplasticbase.“Inconventionaloptoelectronics(光電子學(xué))whereasteadysourceoflightisusedtopowerdevices,shadowsareundesirable,sincetheydegradetheperformanceofdevices.Inthiswork,wetookadvantageoftheilluminationcontrastcausedbyshadowsasanindirectsourceofpower.Thecontrastinilluminationcausesavoltage(電壓)differencebetweentheshadowandilluminatedsections,resultinginanelectriccurrent.Thisnovelconceptofharvestingenergyinthepresenceofshadowsisunprecedented.”explainedresearchteamleaderProfessorTanSweeChing.Mobileelectronicdevicessuchassmartphones,smartglassesande-watchesrequireefficientandcontinuouspowersupply.Asthesedevicesarewornbothindoorsandoutdoors,wearablepowersourcesthatcouldharnesssurroundinglightcanpotentiallyimprovethefunctionofthesedevices.Whilecommerciallyavailablesolarcellscanperformthisroleinanoutdoorenvironment,theirenergyharvestingefficiencydropssignificantlyunderindoorconditionswhereshadowsarepersistent.Thisnewapproachtomaximizingtheefficiencyofenergyharvestingisbothexcitingandtimely.“WhenthewholeSEGisunderilluminationorinshadow,theamountofelectricitygeneratedisverylowornoneatall.WhenapartoftheSEGisilluminated,asignificantelectricaloutputisdetected.WealsofoundthatthebestsurfaceareaforelectricitygenerationiswhenhalfoftheSEGisilluminatedandtheotherhalfinshadow,asthisgivesenoughareaforchargegenerationandcollectionrespectively.”saidco-teamleaderProfessorAndrewWee.TheNUSresearchersarealsolookingatdevelopingwearableSEGsattachedtoclothingtoharvestenergyduringnormaldailyactivities.Anotherpromisingareaofresearchisthedevelopmentoflow-costSEGforefficientharvestingofenergyfromindoorlighting.12.Whyareshadowsconsideredundesirableintraditionaloptoelectronics?A.Theyservenousefulpurpose. B.Theyweakendeviceperformance.C.Theyare.rareinoutdoorconditions. D.Theyaredifficulttocontrolorpredict.13.WhatdoweknowabouttheSEG?A.It’sspeciallydesignedtoworkinopenareas.B.Itwillreplaceexistingsolarcellsonceandforall.C.It’smosteffectivewhenfullypositionedinlightorinshadow.D.Itrequiresabalanceoflightandshadowtomaximizeelectricitygeneration.14.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.TheSEGisunlikelytoworkefficientlyindarkplaces.B.TheresearchersarelookingtoreducethecostoftheSEG.C.ThedevelopmentofSEGislimitedbyitshighproductioncost.D.TheresearchersaredevelopingwearableSEGsattachedtosmartphones.15.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Aninnovativeuseofshadowstogenerateelectricity.B.Theproblemswithshadowsinconventionaloptoelectronics.C.Thechallengesofadaptingtechnologyforwearabledevices.D.Aneedforefficientpowersupplyinmobileelectronicdevices.【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了一項新的可產(chǎn)生電的發(fā)明，該發(fā)明利用明亮和陰影區(qū)域之間的照明對比來發(fā)電，該設(shè)備被稱為“陰影效應(yīng)能量發(fā)生器”?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“Inconventionaloptoelectronicswhereasteadysourceoflightisusedtopowerdevices,shadowsareundesirable,sincetheydegradetheperformanceofdevices.(在傳統(tǒng)的光電子技術(shù)中，使用穩(wěn)定的光源為設(shè)備供電，陰影是不可取的，因為它們會降低設(shè)備的性能。)”可知，陰影不可取的原因在于它們會降低設(shè)備的性能。故選B項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段內(nèi)容“WealsofoundthatthebestsurfaceareaforelectricitygenerationiswhenhalfoftheSEGisilluminatedandtheotherhalfinshadow,asthisgivesenoughareaforchargegenerationandcollectionrespectively.(我們還發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)電的最佳表面積是當(dāng)SEG的一半被照亮而另一半處于陰影中時，因為這分別為電荷的產(chǎn)生和收集提供了足夠的面積。)”可知，當(dāng)SEG的一半被照亮而另一半處于陰影中時，即，光影面積平衡時，可實現(xiàn)最佳發(fā)電表面積。由此可推知，它需要光和影的平衡來最大限度地發(fā)電。故選D項。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章末尾段內(nèi)容“Anotherpromisingareaofresearchisthedevelopmentoflow-costSEGforefficientharvestingofenergyfromindoorlighting.(另一個有前景的研究領(lǐng)域是開發(fā)低成本的SEG，以有效地從室內(nèi)照明中收集能量。)”可知，開發(fā)低成本的SEG是有前景的。由此可推知，研究人員在尋求降低SEG的成本。故選B項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Now,researchersfromtheNationalUniversityofSingapore(NUS)aregivingshadowsapositivespinbydemonstratingawaytoharnessthiscommonbutoftenoverlookedoptical(光學(xué)的)effecttogenerateelectricity.(現(xiàn)在，新加坡國立大學(xué)的研究人員正在給陰影一個積極的轉(zhuǎn)變，他們展示了一種利用這種常見但常被忽視的光學(xué)效應(yīng)來發(fā)電的方法。)”和文章第二段內(nèi)容“Theteamcreatedadevicecalledashadow-effectenergygenerator(SEG),whichmakesuseofthecontrastinilluminationbetweenlitandshadowedareastogenerateelectricity.(該團隊創(chuàng)建了一種稱為陰影效應(yīng)能量發(fā)生器（SEG）的設(shè)備，該設(shè)備利用明亮和陰影區(qū)域之間的照明對比來發(fā)電。)”可知，文章主要以“陰影效應(yīng)能量發(fā)生器（SEG）”為話題，對其原理和應(yīng)用進行了闡述。因此，選項A“Aninnovativeuseofshadowstogenerateelectricity.(一種利用陰影發(fā)電的創(chuàng)新方法。)”可對文章內(nèi)容進行概述。故選A項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。WhatCanWeLearnFromTheArtofWar?TheArtofWarisoneoftheworld’smostfamousandinfluentialmilitarytexts,writtenbytheChinesestrategistSunTzu.Afamousmilitarytexthasnowturnedintogeneralprinciplesforconflict.Itisrecommendedbyallthefamousbusinessleadersandevensportscoaches.___16___Wheneverthereisabattlewithinourselves,oraconflictinanorganization,TheArtofWarprovidesthenecessaryguidelinesforvictory.Wanttoknowmoreaboutthelessonsitprovides?Takealook!Chooseyourbattlescarefully.OneofthefirstlessonsthatwelearnfromTheArtofWaristochooseourbattles.Itisbettertounderstandwhenyoushouldengageinaconflictandwhenitwillbewisetoavoidanyargumentatall.___17___Planandstrategize.PlanningisthecoreofTheArtofWar.___18___Infact,itisalsoimportantineverydaylifetohaveclearsmartgoalstoincreaseyourchancesofsuccess.Inwar,thewayistoavoidwhatisstrongandtostrikeatwhatisweak.Sowhetheryouaregoingtostartabusiness,orfaceadifficulty,itisalwaysabetterideatoapproachtheseeverydayproblemswithastrategy.___19___Knowingyourselfisimportantbutitisalsoequallyimportanttoknowyourenemy.Underestimatingyourenemycanbethebiggestmistakeyoumake.Understandyourstrengthsbutalsorecognizeyourweaknesses.Thiscanhelpyoudevelopstrategiestoprotecttheweakestpartsofyourself.Knowyourselfandknowyourenemy,andyouwillremainunharmedinnumerousconflicts.Beadaptableandflexible.Youcanusepsychologicalwar,yetyouneedtobeflexibleyourself.Youneedtoreactquicklytoyourchangingcircumstancesandadapttothem.Inwarandlife,thekeytosuccessliesinadaptabilityandflexibility.___20___Seizeopportunities,andremainresponsivetothedynamicchangesoftheirenvironment.A.Assessyourenemyandyourself.B.Knowyourstrengthsandweaknesses.C.WhyisTheArtofWarsoinfluentialandhelpful?D.Hewillwinwhoknowswhentofightandwhennottofight.E.Thebestwayistoavoidwhatisstrongandtoattackwhatisweak.F.Victorybelongstothosewhocanadjusttochangingcircumstances.G.Havingawell-definedstrategybeforeanyconflictcanguideyouthroughit.【答案】16.C17.D18.G19.A20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了《孫子兵法》這部著作對個人和組織沖突管理的重要性?！?6題詳解】下文“Wheneverthereisabattlewithinourselves,oraconflictinanorganization,TheArtofWarprovidesthenecessaryguidelinesforvictory.(無論何時我們內(nèi)心有斗爭，或者組織中有沖突，《孫子兵法》都能提供必要的勝利指南。)”提到了《孫子兵法》對我們的影響和幫助，選項C中influentialandhelpful是關(guān)鍵詞，和下文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系，所以C選項“為什么《孫子兵法》有如此大的影響力和幫助?”能引起下文，符合語境。故選C項?！?7題詳解】上文“Itisbettertounderstandwhenyoushouldengageinaconflictandwhenitwillbewisetoavoidanyargumentatall.(最好明白什么時候你應(yīng)該參與沖突，什么時候避免任何爭論是明智的。)”提到了選擇斗爭的時機，選項D中的兩個when是關(guān)鍵詞，與上文呼應(yīng)，所以D選項“知道什么時候戰(zhàn)斗，什么時候不戰(zhàn)斗的人會贏?！蹦艹薪由衔?，符合語境。故選D項?！?8題詳解】本段小標題“Planandstrategize.(制定計劃和策略。)”提到了計劃和策略，選項G中strategy是關(guān)鍵詞，與本段小標題呼應(yīng)，所以G選項“在任何沖突之前有一個明確的策略可以指導(dǎo)你度過難關(guān)?！狈媳径涡祟}內(nèi)容。故選G項?！?9題詳解】空格處是小標題的位置，下文“Knowingyourselfisimportantbutitisalsoequallyimportanttoknowyourenemy.(了解你自己很重要，但了解你的敵人也同樣重要。)”提到了要了解自己和敵人，所以A選項“評估你的敵人和你自己?！蹦芨爬ㄏ挛膬?nèi)容，符合語境。故選A項?！?0題詳解】上文“Youneedtoreactquicklytoyourchangingcircumstancesandadapttothem.Inwarandlife,thekeytosuccessliesinadaptabilityandflexibility.(你需要對不斷變化的環(huán)境做出快速反應(yīng)并適應(yīng)它們。在戰(zhàn)爭和生活中，成功的關(guān)鍵在于適應(yīng)性和靈活性。)”提到了適應(yīng)性和靈活性，選項F中adjustto是關(guān)鍵詞，與上文呼應(yīng)，所以F選項“勝利屬于那些能夠適應(yīng)不斷變化的環(huán)境的人?！蹦艹薪由衔膬?nèi)容，符合語境。故選F。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳答案。Inmylastyearofhighschool,Iwasundergreatpressure.MyfriendsandIwere___21___tocollege,writingessaysansweringthequestion,“Whatmakesyoudifferent?”Withoutdoubt,weallknewtheanswer.Inaculturewhereall___22___tobeacheerleaderbutonlyafewcould,itwasthemomentwhenweputontheuniformthatmadeus___23___.AsIlistedallmy___24___intheessay,Irealizednonemeantmorethanbeingacheerleader.Atseventeen,Iwas___25___thatthecollegeadmissionsdepartmentsfeltalike.Mytension___26___withthetryouts(選拔)approaching.Luckily,Ihadmyfamilies’___27___,especiallyMolly,myyoungersister,whostartedthesamehighschoolthatyear.Not___28___enough,Mollyalwaysfearedtheunknown.Butwithmyexperiencesand___29___,shegraduallyadjustedtoandeve