專題10 自然科學(xué)-2024屆高考英語(yǔ)時(shí)文閱讀之語(yǔ)法填空專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練（解析版）

2024屆高考英語(yǔ)時(shí)文閱讀之語(yǔ)法填空專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練專題10自然科學(xué)基礎(chǔ)篇Homesecuritystartuptapsface-recognitiontechnology家庭安全初創(chuàng)公司利用人臉識(shí)別技術(shù)鞏固篇ChineseresearchersinventAIsystemfacilitatingchemicalexperiments中國(guó)研究人員發(fā)明人工智能系統(tǒng)促進(jìn)化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)提高篇OldChinesebrandstrynewideastokeepupwiththetimes中國(guó)老品牌嘗試新理念專項(xiàng)微練單句語(yǔ)法填空形容詞和副詞專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練真題精選高考模擬銜接名校真題演練【原創(chuàng)題】【基礎(chǔ)篇】Ateamofengineersthatworkedonself-drivingcarsandhelpedinventGoogleStreetViewwanttohelppeopleguardtheirhomesagainstintrudersusing1samestyleoffacerecognitionthatunlockssmartphones.LighthouseAI,2(they)startup,onThursdayreleasedahomesecuritycamerathatusesa3Dsensorsimilar3thatfoundinApple’siPhoneX.Thesensorhelpsthecamerarecognizethefacesofdifferentmembersofafamilyandevenpets,4itcansendoutalertstoauser’sphonewhenanunknownpersonentersahomebutavoidfalsealarms5(cause)bythefamilydog.LigthouseAIhasrootswithStanfordUniversityandAlphabet’sGoogle.Thetwoco-founders,AlexTeichmanandHendrikDahlkamp,metwhileboth6(work)intheStanfordlaboratoryofSebastianThrun,theearlyleaderofGoogle’sself-drivingcarefforts.ThrunisonLighthouse’sboard,andit’sbackedbyAndyRubin,theco-creatoroftheAndroidmobileoperatingsystem,andhis7(invest)fund,PlaygroundGlobal.The3DsensorintheLighthousecamera,whichsellsfor299USdollarsanda10USdollarspermonthserviceplan,simulatestheeyesofaself-drivingcar.TeichmanandDahlkamphadbeenworkingonself-drivingcarssince2005andleftthefieldbecausetheyweren’tconvincedself-drivingcarscouldbeathumans’8(safe)recordforseveralmoreyears.“Itseemsliketherearemanymoreresearchproblemsintheway.Wewantedtodeploysomethingat99%accuracythatwouldbedelightfulandusefultouserightnow,”Teichmantoldreporters.AnotherkeyelementoftheLighthousesystemisavoice-basedinterfaceforsettingupalertsandfindingvideo.Userscanaskthedevice’saccompanyingsmartphoneappquestionslike,“Showmevideoofthedog”or“Sendmeanalertifthekidsaren’thomefromschoolby4p.m.onweekdays.”Lighthousesaysitdoesnotshareuserdataandletsuserssetthecameratoonlyrecordwhentheyarenothome9(ease)privacyconcernsoveracamerathatcanrecognizespecificpeople.Butthecompanyishopingotherbenefitsoutweighthoseconcerns.JessicaGilmartin,thestartup’schiefmarketingofficer,saiditisworkingwitheldercarecompaniestousethecamerastodetectchangesinanolderperson’sgaitthatcouldputthematriskofafall.“10doyougetthatinformationtofamilymemberssoyoucangethelpbeforeithappens?”shesaid.【答案】1.the2.their3.to4.so5.caused6.wereworking7.investment8.safety9.toease10.How【鞏固篇】Chineseresearchershaveinvented1artificialintelligence(AI)systemthatfacilitateschemicalresearchand2(experiment),accordingtotheUniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina(USTC)inHefeiCity,AnhuiProvince.Theall-roundAI-Chemistsystemisequipped3ascientificmindthatiscapableof4(perform)allessentialstepsrequiredforchemicalresearch,accordingtoresearchersfromtheUSTC.Thesystem5(realize)automaticdatacollection,processing,analysisandvisualization.Itisdesignedtobeableto6(automatic)searchforandreadrelevantliteraturefromaclouddatabase7proposeexperimentalplansaccordingly.Itcanalsocontrolamobilerobotin-houseoronlinetoautomaticallyexecutethecompleteexperimentalprocesson8(much)than10workstations.TheexperimentaldatacanbesimultaneouslyanalyzedbythecomputationalbrainoftheAI-Chemist,9(allow)ittoproposeanewhypothesisforthenextiteration.Thecompetenceofthesystem10(test)bythreedifferentchemicaltasks,saidaresearcharticlepublishedinthejournalNationalScienceReviewofChina.【答案】1.an2.experiments3.with4.performing5.realizes6.automatically7.and8.more9.allowing10.wastested【提高篇】TongRenTang(TRT),atime-honoredChinesepharmaceuticalcompanyandthelargestproduceroftraditionalChinesemedicine,1(try)tocombinethebestoftheEastandtheWest.It'sanewshopthatofferscoffeealongside2(tradition)medicinehasattractedlotsofcustomers.Oneofits3(special)isgojicoffeemadewiththegojiberrywhichisusedintraditionalChinesemedicine.ChengLin,4customerofthenewshop,said,"I'malocalBeijinger,andI'vebeentakingmedicine5(produce)bytheTRTfromayoungage.AtfirstIwaskindofsurprisedwhenwefirstcamehere,wesawcoffee,cookies...It'snotlikethetraditionalTRT,butIthinkit'sagoodideatodothisbecausemanyoldbrandsdon'texistanymore,soIthinkit'sgoodtobeinnovative.""Youngpeoplelikepunkhealth.Newandfashionablethingscanattractthem.Butthepandemichasmadethem6(think)abouttheirhealth,andanenvironmentlikethiswillprovidethemwithhealthymaterial,"saidYuRuixuan,thevice-presidentofWeHealthatTRTHealth.

TRTisabrandsynonymouswithtraditionalChinesemedicine.It'safamilybusinesshandeddownfromgenerationtogenerationover300yearsandeverythingisdonemanually.Butrevivinganoldbrandhasbeenajourneyfullofchallenges.JustsouthofTiananmenSquareindowntownBeijing,istheChinesecapital'soldestshoppingstreet,Dashilan.Thisis7peoplefindtheoriginalTRTpharmacyandmanyothertime-honoredbrands.Thereareover1,0008(official)recognized"time-honoredbrands"inChinawithanaveragehistoryofaround140years.Therearestrictcriteriatoearnthetitle.Acompanymust9(create)before1956,withuniqueproducts,techniquesorservices,andbewidelyrecognizedbysociety.Shanghaihas180suchbrands,morethananyotherareainChina.

Manyofthemstruggledtosurviveinthereformandopening-upperiodthatbeganinthelate1970s.WangMaziScissors,forexample,wasfoundedinthe17thcenturyanddeclaredbankruptin2003.

Somehavefoundwaystorejuvenate.WhiteRabbitcreatedallianceswithMAXAMandHappyLemon10(launch)acreamyflavoredlipbalmandWhiteRabbitmilktea.Seekingabalancebetweentraditionandinnovation,andbringingnewbloodintolegendaryChinesebusinesses.Butcantime-honoredbrandsshakeoffthelegacyburdenandre-inventthemselves?Onlytimewilltell.【答案】1.istrying2.traditional3.specialties4.a5.produced6.think7.where8.officially9.havebeencreated10.tolaunch【專項(xiàng)微練：形容詞和副詞】1．________(absorb)inpainting,Johndidn’tnoticeeveningapproaching.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】Absorbed【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：專注于畫畫，約翰沒有注意到夜幕正在降臨。beabsorbedin“專注于”是固定表達(dá)，此處省略be用形容詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。故填A(yù)bsorbed。2．Thehousingproblemscame________atthemeetingonceagain.(用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空)【答案】up【詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：住房問題又一次在會(huì)上被提了出來(lái)。根據(jù)“Thehousingproblems”和“atthemeeting”可推知，此處用固定短語(yǔ)comeup，表示“被提出”，空處填up。故填up。3．The______________(frighten)mansoundedasifhewasdyingoffright.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】frightened【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：這個(gè)嚇壞了的男人聽起來(lái)好像快要嚇?biāo)懒??？仗幮揎椕~man，應(yīng)用形容詞作定語(yǔ)，表示“感到害怕的”應(yīng)用frightened，符合題意。故填frightened。4．The________(terrify)childrenranhome.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】terrified【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：受驚嚇的孩子跑回家去了。作定語(yǔ)，修飾人，表示人的主觀感受，應(yīng)用-ed結(jié)尾形容詞terrified。故填terrified。5．Thefishingboatwasseizedforitscominginto________(restrict)watersillegally.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】restricted【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：漁船因?yàn)榉欠ㄟM(jìn)入限制水域而被抓。形容詞restricted意為“受到限制的”，修飾名詞water作定語(yǔ)，故填restricted。6．Themost

________(terrify)aspectofnuclearbombingisradiation.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】terrifying【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：核彈轟炸最可怕的方面是輻射?？仗帒?yīng)填形容詞作定語(yǔ)，修飾名詞aspect，aspect指物，故用形容詞terrifying“可怕的”，故填terrifying。7．Encouragedbydiscoveriesovertheyears,spaceagenciesofvariouscountriesareplanning________(man)missionstoMarsthatcouldtakeplacewithinthenext25years.（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）【答案】manned【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：受到多年來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)的鼓舞，各國(guó)的航天機(jī)構(gòu)正在計(jì)劃載人火星任務(wù)，可能在未來(lái)25年內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)。修飾名詞missions應(yīng)用形容詞manned，作定語(yǔ)。故填manned。8．Whatsupportingargumentsdoestheauthorgivetomakethepoint____________(convince)?(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】convincing【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：作者提出了什么論據(jù)來(lái)讓這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)令人信服呢？根據(jù)句子分析可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞convincing“令人信服的”作賓補(bǔ)，故填convincing。9．Whilewaitingoutsidethecafeteria,Ireceivedthe___________(follow)messagefrommyfriend.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】following【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：在自助餐廳外等候時(shí)，我收到了朋友發(fā)來(lái)的以下信息。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，這里考查形容詞following，作定語(yǔ)，修飾后面的名詞message。故填following。10．Formanyyears,Iwas___________(convince)thatmysufferingwasduetomysize.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)【答案】convinced【詳解】考查形容詞。句意：多年來(lái)，我相信，我的痛苦是來(lái)源于我的體型。根據(jù)句子分析可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞convinced，作表語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)I的狀態(tài)，故填convinced?！菊骖}精選】（2021·舒城中學(xué)三模）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Geographyisthestudyoftherelationshipbetweenpeopleandtheland.Geographerscompareandcontrast___11___(variety)placesontheearth.Buttheyalsogobeyondtheindividualplacesandconsidertheearthasawhole.ThewordgeographycomesfromtwoGreekwords:ge，theGreekwordfor"earth"andgraphein,___12___means"towrite".TheEnglishwordgeographymeans"todescribetheearth".Somegeographybooksfocusonasmallarealikeatownorcity.___13___dealwithastate,aregion,anation,or___14___entirecontinent.Manygeographybooksdealwiththewholeearth.Anotherway___15___(divide)thestudyofgeographyistodistinguishbetweenphysicalgeographyandculturalgeography.Theformerfocusesonthenaturalworld;thelatterstartswithhumanbeingsandstudieshowhumanbeingsandtheirenvironmentact___16___eachother.Butwhengeographyisconsideredasasinglesubject,___17___branchcanneglecttheother.Ageographermightbedescribedasonewhoobserves,records,andexplainsthe___18___(differ)betweenplaces.Ifallplaceslookalike,therewouldbelittleneedforgeographers.Weknow,however,___19___notwoplacesareexactlythesame.Geography,then,isapointofview,aspecialwayof___20___(look)atplaces.【答案】11．various12．which13．Others14．a(chǎn)n15．todivide16．on/upon17．neither18．differences19．that20．looking【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章對(duì)地理學(xué)科進(jìn)行了介紹。11．考查形容詞。句意：地理學(xué)家比較和對(duì)比地球上的不同地方。修飾名詞places應(yīng)用形容詞作定語(yǔ)。形容詞various意為“不同的”。故填various。12．考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：“geography”這個(gè)詞來(lái)自兩個(gè)希臘詞:“ge”，希臘語(yǔ)中表示“地球”，“graphein”的意思是“書寫”。在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，且先行詞為graphein，所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which，that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。故填which。13．考查代詞。句意：另一些則涉及一個(gè)國(guó)家、一個(gè)地區(qū)、一個(gè)民族或整個(gè)大陸。根據(jù)“Somegeographybooks”可知，此處是指另外一些書，應(yīng)用代詞others代指，作主語(yǔ)。句首首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填Others。14．考查不定冠詞。句意：另一些則涉及一個(gè)國(guó)家、一個(gè)地區(qū)、一個(gè)民族或整個(gè)大陸。根據(jù)“astate,aregion,anation”可知，此處應(yīng)用不定冠詞表示泛指，entire開頭發(fā)音為元音，所以應(yīng)用不定冠詞an。故填an。15．考查todo不定式。句意：另一些則涉及一個(gè)國(guó)家、一個(gè)地區(qū)、一個(gè)民族或整個(gè)大陸。修飾抽象名詞way應(yīng)用todo不定式。故填todivide。16．考查介詞。句意：前者關(guān)注自然世界；后者從人類開始，研究人類和環(huán)境如何相互作用。acton/upon意為“對(duì)……起作用”，為固定搭配，所以應(yīng)用介詞on或upon。故填on/upon。17．考查形容詞。句意：但當(dāng)?shù)乩碜鳛橐婚T單一學(xué)科時(shí)，任何一個(gè)分支都不能忽視另一個(gè)分支。根據(jù)theother可知，此處是指兩個(gè)分支都不能忽視對(duì)方，應(yīng)用形容詞neither表示“兩者都不的”，修飾名詞branch。故填neither。18．考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：地理學(xué)家可以被描述為觀察、記錄和解釋各地差異的人。作動(dòng)詞explains的賓語(yǔ)應(yīng)用名詞，名詞difference意為“不同”，地方之間的差異有很多，所以應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填differences。19．考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：然而，我們知道，沒有兩個(gè)地方是完全相同的。在賓語(yǔ)從句中不缺少成分和意義，所以應(yīng)用從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)。故填that。20．考查動(dòng)名詞。句意：地理是一種觀點(diǎn)，一種觀察地方的特殊方式。在介詞of后應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填looking。（2021·煙臺(tái)三模）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Recognizingacat’semotionsfromitsfaceisoftenhard,evenforitsowners.Now,researchersfromCanada’sUniversityofGuelphinsistthatcatsalsoexpressemotionsontheirfaces—onejusthastolearn____21____tointerpretthem!Fortheirstudy,ProfessorsLeeNielandGeorgiaMasonsurveyed6,300____22____(volunteer)from85countries.Theparticipants____23____(show)thecats’facesfromaseriesofshortvideos.Theresearchers,whopublishedtheirfindingsintheNovember2019issueofAnimalWelfare,foundthatonly13percent,or819participants,wereabletoreadthecats’emotions____24____(accurate)over75percentofthetime.Furtherresearchshowedthattheso-called“catwhisperers”wereprimarilywomenandveterinarians(獸醫(yī)),Youngeradultsalsoseemedtobeabletoreadtheexpressionseven____25____(well)thanolderindividuals.Surprisingly,beingacatownerdidnothelpstudyparticipants,____26____(indicate)thatastrongattachment____27____theanimaldidnotnecessarilymeanbetterunderstandingofitsemotions.Theresearchersbelievecats’expressionscanbelearnedovertime,____28____explainswhyveterinarystaffscoredhighinthestudy.“Thisisimportanttobeabletodobecauseitcouldhelpstrengthenthebondbetweenownersandcats,andsoimprovecatcareandwelfare.”saidNiel.____29____(find)outifyouhavewhatittakestobea“catwhisperer,”takethefunca