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職稱英語理工類A級模擬59
第1部分:詞匯選項
下面每個句子中均有1個詞或短語畫有底橫線,請為每處畫線部分確定1個意義最為
接近的選項。
1>Wemustharnesstheskillandcreativityofourworkforce.
A.convertB.store
C.utilizeD.receive
2、Ifthesymptomspersist,consultyourdoctor.
A.insistB.persevere
C.continueD.resist
3、Thismodelembodiesmanynewfeatures.
A.consistsofB.includes
C.makesupD.marks
4、Manydiseasescanbecuredbyorthodoxmedicaltreatment.
A.acceptableB.conservative
C.westernD.conventional
5、Theresultwasasensational4:1victory.
A.sexyB.surprising
C.exceptionalD.thrilling
6、"That1soutrageous!nheprotested.
A.unheardofB.unacceptable
C.unbe1ievab1eD.ridiculous
7、TheyDostulateda500-yearlifespanforaplasticcontainer.
A.challengedB.assumed
C.deductedD.decreed
8、Onlythoseover70areeligibleforthespecialpayment.
A.encouragedB.enforced
C.expectedD.entitled
9、Mylegstrembledwithfear.
A.weptB.cried
C.quiveredD.ran
10>Shetriedtomakeupforhershabbytreatmentofhim.
A.unforgettableB.shoddy
C.unbelievableD.unthinkable
11>Sheisveryingeniouswhenitcomestofindingexcuses.
A.effectiveB.clever
C.implausibleD.original
12>Takevigorousexerciseforseveralhoursaweek.
A.hot-temperedB.energetic
C.friendlyD.patient
13>Oneofthebiggestreasonsisthattheculturalbiasischanging.
A.adherenceB.emphasis
C.prejudiceD.effect
14、Theagreementwasterminatedimmediately.
A.resumedB.putanendto
C?suspendedD.re-scheduled
15>Lackofmoneywillhaveanadverseeffectonourresearchprogramme.
A.delayedB.quick
C.positiveD.unfavorable
第2部分:閱讀判斷
下面的短文后列出了7個句子,請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子做出判斷:如果該句
提供的是正確信息,請選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯誤信息,請選擇B;如果該句的信
息文中沒有提及,請選擇C。
PlantsinDesert
Onlyspecialplantscansurvivetheterribleclimateofadesert,forthese
areregionswheretheannualrangeofthesoiltemperaturecanbeover75℃.
Furthermorezduringthesummertherearefewcloudsintheskytoprotect
plantsfromthesun1sray.Anotherproblemisthefactthattherearefrequently
strongwindsthatdrivesmallzsharpparticlesofsandintotheplants,tearing
anddamagingthem.Themostdifficultproblemforallformsofplantlife,
however,isthefactthattheentireannualrainfalloccursduringafewdays
orweeksinspring.
Grassesandflowersindesertsurvivefromoneyeartothenextbyexisting
throughthelong,hotzdryseasonintheformofseeds.Theseseedsremain
inactiveunlesstherightamountofrainfalls.Ifnorainfalls,orif
insufficientrainfalls,theywaituntilthenextyear,orevenstillthe
next.Anotherfactorthathelpstheseplantstosurviveisthefactthattheir
lifecyclesareshort.Bythetimethewaterfromthespringrainsdisappears-just
afewweeksafteritfalls—suchplantsnolongerneedany.
Theperennials(多年生植物)havespecialfeaturesthatenablethemtosurvive
asplantsforseveralyears.Thusznearlyalldesertperennialshaveextensive
rootsystemsbelowgroundandasmallshootsystemaboveground.Thelarge
rootnetworkenablestheplanttoabsorbasmuchwateraspossibleinshort
time.Thesmallshootsystem,ontheotherhand,considerablylimitswater
lossbyevaporation(蒸發(fā)).
Anotherfeatureofmanyperennialsisthataftertherainyseasonthey
losetheirleavesinpreparationforthelong,dryseason,justastreesin
wetterclimateslosetheirsinpreparationforthewinter.Thisreducestheir
waterlossbyevaporationduringthedryseason.Then,innextrainyseason,
theycomefullyaliveoncemore,andgrownewbranches,leavesandflowersz
justasthegrassesandflowersindesertdo.
16>Ordinaryplantsareunabletosurviveinthedesertmainlybecauseof
thechangeableweather.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
17>Grassesandflowersindesertareabletosurvivebecausetheystayin
theformofseedstowaitfortherightamountofwatertocome.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
18、Grassesandflowersinthedesertwhoselifecyclesareshortshowtheir
abilitytoadapttothequickdisappearanceofrainwaterthereafteritfalls
inspring.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
19、Winteristhetoughestseasonforthegrassesandflowerstosurvive.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
20、Theshootsystemofperennialscanhelptheplantsabsorblessofthe
sun*sray.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
21>Thethemeofthesecondlastparagraphiswhytheperennialscansurvive
asplantsforseveralyears.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
22、Desertperennialslosetheirleavesaftertherainyseasonjustastrees
inwetterclimateslosetheirsbecausewinterarrives,butthereasonsfor
thisfeaturearedifferent.
A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned
第3部分:概括大意與完成句子
下面的短文后有2項測試任務:⑴第23?26題要求從所給的6個選項中第2?5段每段
選擇1個最佳標題;(2)第27?30題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定1個最佳選
項。
EarthAngels
1JoyingBresciawas8yearsoldwhenshenoticedthatcigarettebutts
(煙頭)werelitteringherhometownbeachinIsleofPalms,SouthCarolina.
Whenshelearnedthatittakesfiveyearsfortheremainsofacigaretteto
disintegrate(解體),shedecidedtotakeaction.Joyinglauncheda"NoButts
ontheBeach"campaign.Sheraisedmoneyandawarenessabouttheneedtokeep
thebeachesclean.Withthehelpofothers,Joyingalsoboughtorreceived
donationsofgallon-sizeplasticice-creambuckets.Thebucketswerefilled
withsand,andplacedatallpublic-accessareasofthebeach.Thebuckets
allowedpeopletodisposeoftheircigarettesbeforehittingthebeach.Two
yearslater,Joyingsaysthebucketsarefullandthebeachisnearlyfree
ofcigarettedebris(殘片).
2PeoplewholiveinorvisitSteamboatSprings,Colorado,haveCarter
Dunhamtothankforanewstatewildliferefugethatpreserves20acresof
marshlandandmanyspeciesofwildlife.Carterandotherstudentswrotea
managementplanfortheareaaroundtheYampaRiver.Theplanwaspartof
aclassprojectwhenCarterwasafreshmanatSteamboatSpringsHighSchool.
WorkingwiththeColoradoDivisionofWildlifezCarterandhisclassmates
mappedtheareaandspeciesofanimalslivingthere.Theyalsomadedecisions
about,amongotherthingszwherefencesandparkingareasshouldbebuilt.
3BarbaraBrownandherfriendscollectoil.Itstartedasaprojectfor
their4HClubafteroneofthegirlsnoticedherfatherusingmotoroilto
killweedsontheirfarminVictoria,Texas.Theydidsomeresearchanddiscovered
thatoilcancontaminategroundwater—arealdanger,inruralareas,where
peopleliveoffthewaterontheirland.Thegirlsresearchedwaystorecycle
oilandworkedwithalocaloil-recyclingcompanyontheissue.Now,the"Don11
BeCrudeHprogramrunsoil-collectionsites—tanksthatholdupto460
gallons—wherepeopleinthecommunitycandisposeoftheiroil.
4Fiveyearsago,11-year-oldRyanHreljacwasalittleboywithabig
dreamforallthepeopleinAfricatohavecleandrinkingwater.Hisdream
beganinthefirstgradewhenhelearnedthatpeopleweredyingbecausethey
didn*thavecleanwater,andthataslittleas$70couldbuildawell."We
n
reallytakewaterforgranted,saysRyan,ofKemptviliezOntario,inCanada.
"Inothercountries,youhavetoplanforit.HRyanearnedthefirst$70by
doingextrachores(零工),butwiththehelpofothers,hehassinceraised
hundredsofthousandsofdollars.HiseffortsledtothestartoftheRyan*s
WellFoundation,whichraisesmoneyforcleanwaterandhealth-relatedservices
forpeopleinAfricancountriesanddevelopingcountries.
23、Paragraph1
A.ProvideCleanWater
B.DigOilWells
C.SaveCleanWater
D.Don*tLitter
E.Don*tBeCrude
F.ProtectWildlife
24、Paragraph2
25>Paragraph3
26>Paragraph4
27、Joyingplacedthebucketsatallpublic-accessareasto.
A.makenewmaterials
B.preservewetlandandanimals
C.havecleanair
D.havecleanwater
E.collectcigarettebutts
F.collectdisposedoil
28、PeoplearegratefultoCarterDunhamforhiseffortsto.
29、Disposedoilandmanyotheritemscanbereusedto.
30>Ryan,withthehelpofothers,isfulfillinghisdreamofhelpingAfrican
peopleto.
第4部分:閱讀理解
下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,為每題確定1個最佳選項。
簞——笛
RenewableEnergySources
Todaypetroleumprovidesaround40%oftheworld*senergyneeds,mostly
fuellingautomobiles.Coalisstillused,mostlyinpowerstationsztocover
one-quarterofourenergyneeds,butitistheleastefficient,unhealthiest
andmostenvironmentallydamagingfossilfuel.Naturalgasreservescould
plug(填補)someofthegapfromoil,butreservesofthatwillnotlastinto
the22ndcenturyeither.Mostexpertspredictwewillexhausteasilyaccessible
reserveswithin50years.Wecouldfastreachanenergycrisis.Weneedto
rapidlydevelopsustainablesolutionstofuelourfuture.Less-polluting
renewableenergysourcesofferamorepracticallong-termenergysolution.
Theymaybenefittheworld*spoortoo.*'RenewableHreferstothefactthat
theseresourcesarenotusedfasterthantheycanbereplaced.
TheChineseandRomansusedwatermillsover2z000yearsago.Butthefirst
hydroelectricdamwasbuiltinEnglandin1870.Hydroelectricpowerisnow
themostcommonformofrenewableenergy,supplyingaround20%ofworld
electricity.China1sThreeGorgesDam,whichhasjustbeencompleted,isthe
largestever.AtfivetimesthesizeoftheUS*sHooverDam,its26turbines
(渦輪機)willgeneratetheequivalentenergyof18coal-firedpowerstations.
Itwillsatisfy3%ofChina1sentireelectricitydemand.
In2003,thefirstcommercialpowerstationtoharnesstidalcurrentsin
theopenseaopenedinNorway.Itisdesignedlikewindmill,butotherstake
theformofturbines.
Aspricesfall,windpowerhasbecomethefastestgrowingtypeofelectricity
generation—quadruplingworldwidebetween1999and2005.Modemwindfarms
consistofturbinesthatgenerateelectricity.Thoughitwillbemoreexpensive,
thereismorethanenoughwindtoprovidetheworld1sentireenergyneeds.
Windfarmscomeinonshoreandoffshoreforms.Theycanoftenendupatspots
ofnaturalbeauty,andareoftenunpopularwithresidents.Andturbinesare
nottotallybenign—theycaninterferewithradarandleaveasignificant
ecologicalfootprintzalteringclimateandkillingseabirds.Migratingbirds
mayhavemoreluckavoidingthem.ScotlandisbuildingEurope1slargestwind
farm,whichwillpower200,000homes.TheUK'sgoalistogenerateone-fifth
ofpowerfromrenewablesources,mainlywind,by2020.Butthismaycause
problems,becausewindisunreliable.
31、Whataretheenergyresourcesthatarenotrenewableaccordingtothe
article?
A.Petroleumandcoal.B.Naturalgas.
C.Windandwater.D.AandB.
32、China1sThreeGorgesDam.
A.isthefirsthydroelectricdamintheworld
B.isofthesamesizeoftheUS1sHooverDam
C.isthelargestofallthehydroelectricdamsintheworld
D.suppliesaround20%oftheworldelectricity
33、Whichisthecountrywiththefirstcommercialpowerstationthatmakes
useofoceancurrentsproducedbytides?
A.China.B.Norway.
C.England.D.America.
34、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofwindpower?
A.Thereisplentyofwindtoprovidetheworld1sentireenergyneeds.
B.Itisthemostrapidlygrowingtypeofelectricityproduction.
C.Itmaynotbereliable.
D?Alloftheabove.
35、Accordingtothearticle,resourcessuchaswind.
A.aresustainablebutnotreplaceable
B.arerenewablesosustainable
C.aresustainablesorenewable
D.areirreplaceable
弟一^扁
TheBiologyofMusic
Humansusemusicasapowerfulwaytocommunicate.Itmayalsoplayan
importantroleinlove.Butwhatismusiczandhowdoesitworkitsmagic?
Sciencedoesnotyethavealltheanswers.
Whataretwothingsthatmakehumansdifferentfromanimals?Oneislanguage,
andtheotherismusic.Itistruethatsomeanimalscansing(andmanybirds
singbetterthanalotofpeople).However,thesongsofanimalszsuchas
birdsandwhales,areverylimited.Itisalsotruethathumans,notanimals,
havedevelopedmusicalinstruments.
Musicisstrangestuff.Itisclearlydifferentfromlanguage.However,
peoplecanusemusictocommunicatethings—especiallytheiremotions.When
musiciscombinedwithspeechinasong,itisaverypowerfulformof
communication.Butzbiologicallyspeaking,whatismusic?
Ifmusicistrulydifferentfromspeech,thenweshouldprocessmusicand
languageindifferentpartsofthebrain.Thescientificevidencesuggests
thatthisistrue.
Sometimespeoplewhosufferbraindamagelosetheirabilitytoprocess
language.However,theydon*tautomatically(自動土也)losetheirmusical
abilities.Forexample,VissarionShebalin,aRussiancomposer,hadastroke
(中風)in1953.Itinjuredtheleftsideofhisbrain.Hecouldnolongerspeak
orunderstandspeech.Hecould,however,stillcomposemusicuntilhisdeath
tenyearslater.Ontheotherhand,sometimesstrokescausepeopletolose
theirmusicalability,buttheycanstillspeakandunderstandspeech.This
showsthatthebrainprocessesmusicandlanguageseparately.
Bystudyingthephysicaleffectsofmusiconthebody,scientistshave
alsolearnedalotabouthowmusicinfluencestheemotions.Butwhydoesmusic
havesuchastrongeffectonus?Thatisaharderquestiontoanswer.Geoffrey
Miller,aresearcheratUniversityCollege,London,thinksthatmusicand
lovehaveastrongconnection.Musicrequiresspecialtalent,practice,and
*physicalability.That*swhyitmaybeawayofshowingyourfitnesstobe
someone*smate.Forexample,singingintuneorplayingamusicalinstrument
requiresfinemuscularcontrol.Youalsoneedagoodmemorytorememberthe
notes(音符).Andplayingorsingingthosenotescorrectlysuggeststhatyour
hearingisinexcellentcondition.Finally,whenamansingstothewoman
heloves(orviceversa),itmaybeawayofshowingoff.
However,Miller*stheorystilldoesn*texplainwhycertaincombinations
ofsoundsinfluenceouremotionssodeeply.Forscientists,thisisclearly
anareathatneedsfurtherresearch.
36、MusiccanNOTbeused.
A.asanefficientwaytocommunicate
B.asaneffectivetooltoperformmagictricks
C.tosuccessfullyseekafteralover
D.toinfluencetheemotionsofhumans
37、Humansaredifferentfromanimalsbecause.
A.theyhavedifferentlanguagesandmusic
B.theyhavedifferentlanguagesandcommunications
C.theyhavedifferentsongsandlanguages
D.theyhavedifferentmusicandsongs
38、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
A.Peoplewholosetheirabilitytoprocesslanguagealsolosetheirmusical
abilities.
B.Peoplewhoinjuretheleftsidesoftheirbrainscanspeakandunderstand
music.
C.Peoplewhoinjuretheleftsidesoftheirbrainscan11composemusic.
D.Peopleusedifferentpartsoftheirbrainstoprocessmusicandlanguage.
39、Theauthordoesn1tsuggestthat
A.musicrequiresspecialtalent
B.musicrequirespractice
C.musicrequirespsychologicalability
D.musicrequiresphysicalability
40、Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Whatarethedifferencesofhumanmusicandanimalmusic.
B.Whatarethedifferencesofhumanlanguageandanimallanguage.
C.Whatismusicintheaspectofbiology.
D.Whatismusicintheaspectofzoology.
Hack
Thefirstbig-namehackersincludedSteveWozniak,BillGatesandLinus
Torvaldszallnowhighlyrecognizablenamesbehindmanyofthecomputer
technologiesusedtoday.Theseearlyhackershadaloveoftechnologyand
acompellingneedtoknowhowitallworked,andtheirgoalwastopushprograms
beyondwhattheyweredesignedtodo.Backthen,thewordhackerdidn*thave
thenegativeconnotationithastoday.Theoriginalhackerethic,rootedout
ofsimplecuriosityandaneedtobechallenged,appearstobedead.
Theobjectivesofearlyhackersareafarcryfromthegoalsoftoday1s
hackers.Themotivationofthenewbreedofhackersappearsnottobecuriosity,
orahungerforknowledge,asitusedtobe.Instead,mostoftoday1shackers
aredrivenbygreed,power,revengezorsomeothermaliciousintent,treating
hackingasagameorsport,employingthetoolsthatarereadilyavailable
viatheInternet.
Therateofsecurityattacksisactuallyoutpacingthegrowthoftheinternet.
ThismeansthatsomethingbesidesthegrowthoftheInternetisdrivingthe
riseinsecurityattacks.Herearesomerealitiesyoushouldknowabout:
Operatingsystemsandapplicationswillneverbesecure.Newvulnerabilities
willbeintroducedintoyourenvironmenteveryday.Andevenifyoueverdo
getoneoperatingsystemsecure,therewillbenewoperatingsystemswith
newvulnerabilities—phones,wirelessdevices,andnetworkappliances.
Employeeswillneverkeepupwithsecuritypoliciesandawareness.Itdoesn11
matterhowmuchyoutrainandeducateyouremployees.Ifyouremployeesdisregard
warningsaboutthehazardsofopeningquestionablee-mailattachments,how
areyougoingtoeducatethemaboutproperlyconfiguringfirewallsandintrusion
detectionsystemsfortheirPCs?Managershavemoreresponsibilitythanever.
Andontopoftherealitieslistedabovezsecuritymanagersarebeingasked
tosupportincreasingdegreesofnetworkavailabilityandaccess.Thereare
somegoodsecuritymeasuresyoucantake:Employalayer7zfull-inspection
firewall.Automaticallyupdateyouranti-virusatthegateway,serverand
client.Keepallofyoursystemsandapplicationsupdated.Hackerscommonly
breakintoawebsitethroughknownsecurityholeszsomakesureyourservers
andapplicationsarepatchedanduptodate.Turnoffunnecessarynetwork
services.Eliminateallunneededprograms.Scannetworkforcommonbackdoor
services—useintrusiondetectionsystems,vulnerabilityscans,anti-rims
p
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