江西省上饒市橫峰中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語下學(xué)期期中試題含解析

PAGEPAGE29江西省上饒市橫峰中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語下學(xué)期期中試題（含解析）考試時間：120分鐘分值：150分第Ⅰ卷第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你將有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Athome. B.Inaclassroom. C.Inasupermarket.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Ineedtogototherestroom,butthedoorislocked.W:Well,therestroomisforcustomersonly.Youneedtobuysomethingbeforethat.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whendothestaffbegintocheckthetickets?A.At7:15pm. B.At7:25pm. C.At7:30pm.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Whendoestheplaystart?W:Well,theticketsays7:30.Butthestaffactuallycheckticketsfifteenminutesearlier.Ifyou'renotseatedwhenthelightsgodownfiveminutesbeforethat,theywon'tletyouin.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.Confident. B.Nervous. C.Calm.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Betty.Youdon'tlooksogood.W:Oh,I'llhaveabigtesttomorrow,andI'mnotsureifIcandowellinM:Takeiteasy.I'msureyou'llmakeit.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoweknowaboutthenewclothesshop?A.It’scrowdedonSaturday.B.Theclothesarecheap.C.Therearemanychangingrooms.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Thenewclothesshophasavarietyofstyles,butsomanypeopledotheshoppingonSaturday.M:Yes.Therearen'tenoughchangingrooms.Andthepricesarereallyhigh.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.Havethecomputerrepaired.B.CallMr.SteveninWashington.C.Gettheemailsentthenextdoor.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Ray,sendthisemailassoonaspossible.Mr.SteveniswaitingforitinWashington.M:Sorry,MsBoil,butmycomputerdoesn'twork.Ifit'surgent,IcancopyitandaskTomnextdoortosenditforus.W:OK.Thanks!其次節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題五秒鐘，聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatdoesthemanusuallydowithhiscellphone?A.Watchfilms. B.Makepayments. C.Paycreditcards.7.Whatdoesthemanwanttohave?A.Somecash. B.Asparecellphone. C.Acreditcard.【答案】6.B7.B【解析】【原文】M:Imustgetasparecellphone.Idependsomuchonmycellphone.W:Iknowwhatyoumean.Whatshouldwedowithoutmoviesonthesubway?M:Notforthat.ImeanIuseitallthetimeformakingpayments.W:Yes.IhearChinaisfaraheadofothercountriesindoingthat.Iwonderwhy.M:Becausetheyhaven'tusedcreditcardsforlong.W:It'ssoconvenienttopaywithacellphoneWhereveryougo,youneedn'tcarryanycashatall.M:That'swhyIneedaspareone.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.WhereshouldthewomangetoffNo.3bus?A.Attheshoppingmallstop.B.AtFurongSquarestop.C.AttheExperimentalMiddleSchoolstop.9.What’stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Friends. B.Strangers. C.Colleagues.10.Whatdothetwospeakersmainlytalkabout?A.Travellinginacity.B.FindingthewaytotheForestPark.C.Showingthelocationofthebusstops.【答案】8.C9.B10.B【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,I'mnewhere.CouldyoutellmehowtogettotheForestPark?M:Justwalkdownthestreetforfiveminutesandthenyoucanseeanewshoppingmall.W:WhatshallIdonext?M:Turnleft,thenyoucanseeabusstop.W:WhichbusshouldItake?M:YoucantakeeitherNo.3orNo.11bus.W:WhereshallIgetoff?M:AttheExperimentalMiddleSchoolstopifyoutakeNo.3.Walkbackalongtheroadforthreeminutesandyouwillfindabeautifulsquare.W:What'sthenameofthesquare?M:FurongSquare.Thenturnleft,gostraightaheadforfiveminutes,andyou'llfindyourselfinfrontofthegateofthepark.Youcan'tmissit.W:Thankyouverymuchforyourhelp.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.Whatdoweknowabouttheboy’seconomicsexam?A.Hepassedit. B.Hefailedit. C.Hemissedit.12.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheboy?A.Hedidn’tworkhardenough.B.Heshouldhaverelaxedmore.C.Healreadytriedhisbest.13.Whatwilltheboyprobablyplantodonext?A.Makeendsmeet. B.Takethecourseagain. C.Hangoutwithhisfriends.【答案】11.B12.A13.B【解析】【原文】M:Momspeaking?W:Yes?M:Igottheresultoftheeconomicsexamlastweek.W:Theoneyoudidn'treview?M:Ididreviewit.Iwasworkingonitallweekend.Don’tyouremember?W:Oh,yes.Apartfromhangingoutwithyourfriendsuntilinthemorning,youmean?M:Well,Ihavetorelaxalittle,Anyway.Ididn'tpassit.W:Youfailedit!Butwasn'tthatanimportantone?M:Yeah,I'mreallysorry.W:I'mreallysorry,too.Whatdoesthatmean?M:Well,I'llprobablyhavetoretakethewholecourse.W:Oh,Ryan!It'sareallyexpensivecourse.I'mnotsureifwecanafforditagain.Wecouldn'tevenmakeendsmeetthismonth.M:I'msosorry.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.What’stheproblemofthewoman?A.Sheisskinny. B.Sheisalwaysweak. C.Sheisoverweight.15.What'stheman’ssuggestionforthewomanaboutherdiet?A.Eatinglessandless. B.Drinkingmuchmilk. C.Havingabalanceddiet.16.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodoinfineweather?A.Dosomejogging. B.Playbadminton. C.TakeTaiji.【答案】14.C15.C16.A【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Mike.Longtimenosee.M:Hi,Susan.Howareyou?W:Justfine.I'vegainedmuchweightrecently.Couldyougivemesomeadvice?M:Ofcourse.Justeatlessandtakemoreexercise.W:Anythingmore?M:Definitely.Firstyoushouldeatlessmainfood,lessmeatandmoregreenvegetablesandfreshfruits,andmilkisalsosuggested.W:Idoeatless.ButsometimesIfindmyselfveryweak.M:It'snotagoodchoicetoskipmeals,meanwhileyoushoulddomoreexercise.W:Whatexerciseshould1take?M:Dosomejogginginthemorningorintheevening.Youcanalsodosomeindoorexercise,forexample,playbadmintonandtakeTaijiespeciallywhenitrains.W:Thankyousomuch!聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whatdidthespeakerpreviouslytalkabout?A.SportsinAmerica.B.MedicalresearchinAmerica.C.EconomyinAmerica.18.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Howpeopleexpectabouttheeconomy.B.WhatattractsAmericanteenagerstogotocollege.C.HowAmericanparentschoseuniversitiesfortheirchildren.19.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouteducationgenerationsago?A.Parentsonlysenttheirchildrentofamousschools.B.Parentsandchildrenusedtohavethesameopinionsaboutcolleges.C.Parentsusedtomakethedecisionsaboutcollegesfortheirchildren.20.Whatdotoday’steenagersthinkismoreimportantaccordingtothespeaker?A.Socialactivities. B.Abeautifulcampus. C.Goodprofessors.【答案】17.C18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】WelcomebacktoAmericaToday.I'mDrJohnson.We'vejustfinishedtalkingaboutpeople'sexpectationsabouttheeconomyandnowlet’sturnourattentiontoeducation.YoumaywonderwhatAmericanparentsarelookingforwhentheyaredecidingwheretosendtheirchildrenforcollege.Well,acoupleofgenerationsagoparentsbasicallychoseschoolsfortheirchildren.Butnowadays,manyteenagersaremorelikelytohaveafinalsayaboutwheretheyendup.Sowhatdostudentsactuallywantinacollege?Actually,theyarelookingformorethanjustgoodprofessorsandabeautifulcampus.Studentstodaywanttocommunicatewiththepeoplefromdifferentcountriesandcultures.Theyaremorecuriousthaneveraboutoutsidepointsofview.Also,technologyisplayingamoreimportantrole.VisitorstocampusesaroundAmericaexpecttoseethelatesttechnologyinlecturehalls,labs,andeveninplaceslikedininghallsandbookstores.What'smoreimportant,though,isaccesstosocialactivities.Sportsandclubsoncampusaregreat,butiftherearenomovietheatres,bars,restaurants,clubs,orstadiumsnearby,youaregoingtohaveahardtimegetting21stcenturyAmericanteenagerstogoanywherenearthatcampus.其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A1.MacaoTowerAJHackettBungeeJumpTheMacaoTower,338meterstall,istheworld's10thhighesttower,withavarietyofactivities,suchasgambling,eatingandentertainment.Oneofthefamousactivitiesisthebungeejump.TheAJHackettMacaoTowerBungeeJumpis233metershigh,makingitaGuinnessWorldRecordasthehighestcommercialbungeejumpintheworld.Raiseyourarmsandoffyougo!Ifyouarenotdaringenoughtojumpthatheight,youcantrytheskywalkonthe57thfloor-it'sstillremarkable.Grabthischanceandtickoffthisitemonyourbucketlist.2.GrabatraditionalPortuguesedinnerMacaowascolonizedbyPortugalbefore1999.Asaresult,PortuguesecultureisdeeplyintomanycornersofMacao.ManyPortuguesesettledandopenedPortugueserestaurantsinthespecialadministrativeregion,buttheflavorismoreadaptabletoChinesepeople.3.VisitamuseumMacao,asatinylittlecitywithonlyanareaof30.5squarekilometers,has23eye-catchingmuseums.Duetoitsuniquehistory,bothEasternandWesternhistoricalsitescanbefound.Manyofthemarepreservedforculturalheritage,touristspotsormuseums,suchastheGrandPrixMuseum,MaritimeMuseumandWineMuseum.4.Selfie(自拍)attheRuinsofSt.PaulTheRuinsofSt.PaulisthesignaturelandmarkofMacao.TheruinsconsistoftheSt.Paul'sCollegeandtheChurchofSt.Paul,builtin1583.However,afterthreefiresin1595,1601and1835,thechurchwasseriouslydamaged.Surprisingly,aftertherebuildingandfires,thehugefrontpartandthefrontstairwayremainunburned.21.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutMacaoToweraccordingtothepassage？A.TherearemanyactivitiesinMacaoTower.B.Thebungeejumpthereholdsarecordintheworld.C.Itisathrillingplacetogo.D.Theskywalkis233metershigh.22.WhathappenedtotheRuinsofSt.Paul?A.Culturalheritageispreservedhere.B.Ithasexperiencedseveralfires.C.Itistotallyruinedbythefires.D.Itisstillwellreserved.23.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?AThehistoricalsitesinMacao.B.HowtomakeatourinMacao.C.Thingsthatyoucan’tmissinMacao.D.Seeingisbelieving.【答案】21.D22.B23.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要列出了去澳門塔AJHackett蹦極、吃一頓傳統(tǒng)的葡萄牙晚餐、參觀博物館、在圣保羅廢墟自拍這四件在澳門值得做的事情?！?1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段的Ifyouarenotdaringenoughtojumpthatheight,youcantrytheskywalkonthe57thfloor-it'sstillremarkable.（假如你沒有足夠的志氣跳那么高，你可以嘗試一下57層的空中步道）可知，此處并未提及空中步道的高度，且233米是AJHackett澳門塔蹦極的高度，由此可知，關(guān)于澳門塔D項(xiàng)是不正確的，故選D?！?2題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段的However,afterthreefiresin1595,1601and1835,thechurchwasseriouslydamaged.（然而，在1595年、1601年和1835年的三場火災(zāi)之后，這座教堂遭到了嚴(yán)峻的破壞。）可知，圣保羅廢墟經(jīng)驗(yàn)了幾次火災(zāi)，故選B?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文以及文章的四個小標(biāo)題可知，文章主要列出了去澳門塔AJHackett蹦極、吃一頓傳統(tǒng)的葡萄牙晚餐、參觀博物館、在圣保羅廢墟自拍這四件在澳門值得做的事情，故由此可知，C項(xiàng)（澳門不能錯過的東西）可以概括本文的標(biāo)題，故選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】做細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題時要留意推斷正誤這一類題型，選項(xiàng)中極易出現(xiàn)干擾選項(xiàng)，干擾項(xiàng)的特征主要有：(1)張冠李戴。是原文信息，但不是題目要求的內(nèi)容。(2)無中生有。符合常識，但不是文章的內(nèi)容。(3)曲解文意。與原文的內(nèi)容極其相像，只是在某個細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)處有些變動。(4)混淆黑白。在意思上與原文大相徑庭甚至完全相反。(5)正誤參半。部分正確，部分錯誤。本題中的第一小題的正確選項(xiàng)就具有張冠李戴的特征，文中并未提及空中步道的高度，卻把AJHackett澳門塔蹦極的高度233米說成了空中步道的高度。BTwoteenagersarelostatseaoffthecoastoftheUnitedStatesforsixdaysontheirsmallsailingboat.Withoutanyfoodanddrink,theboysdrinkseawater.Theytryslippingintotheoceantocooloff,butsharksdrivethembackontotheboat.Atnight,theyuseasinglewetsuittokeepwarm.ThisisarealstoryoftwoAmericanboys.Driscollandhisbestfriend,18-year-oldJoshLong,werefoundsixdayslaterandmorethan100milesfromwheretheyhadsetofffromSullivan’sIsland,SouthCarolina,onApril24.Theboyshadlostalotofwaterandweretired,butotherwiseinprettygoodshape.Theysetoutfishingona4.3-metersailboatonawindydaywhentheNationalWeatherServicehadwarnedsmallboatstostayoutofthewater,buttheydidn’tcare.Theyrealizedtheywereintroublealmostimmediatelyandtriedtoswimbacktoshore,pullingtheboatalongwiththem.Withinhours,theywerefarouttosea.“Welostourfishingequipment,”Driscollsaid.“Sowecouldn’tcatchanyfish.”Theboys’hopesfadedwitheachdaypassing.Theystoodontheirboateverytimetheysawanotherboat,wavingandshouting,butwithoutsuccess.Onenighttheywerewokenupbywatercomingintotheboat.Alargeshipwasveryclosetothem.Acoastguardboatsetouttolookforthem.Theboysgotupandmadesomenoise.Thistime,theywereheard.“Whatwehaveisacompletelysurprisingstoryofsurvivalthat’sgoingtobestudiedforyearstocome,”saidRichardGoerling,Long’suncle,“Ithinktheboyshaveabooktowrite.”24.Thetwoboysgotlostattheseabecause_______.AtheywerenotgoodatboatingB.theywereseparatedfromtheirparentswhileboatingC.theydidn’ttakethewarningfromNationalWeatherServiceseriously.D.theywentfarintotheseatocatchfish25.Duringtheirstayatthesea,theboys_______.A.sufferedcoldatnightB.livedonthefishtheycaughtCfoughtagainstsharksD.swaminthewatertocoolthemselvesoffinthedaytime26.Wecanconcludefromthetextthat_______.A.theboysweresavedonApril30B.theboyswenttotheseatogosurfingC.theboysweresleepingsoundlywhentheboatpassedbyD.someboatshadfoundtheboysbutrefusedtoofferhelp27.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat_______.A.theboyswillwriteabookBsomethingcanbelearnedfromtheboys’experienceC.children’ssafetyshouldbepaidmoreattentiontoD.theboysdidverywellwhenfacingdanger【答案】24.C25.A26.A27.B【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述的是美國加利福尼亞兩個男孩不遵循氣象局的警示出海，在海上迷失了六天后獲救的事情?！?4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段“Theysetoutfishingona4.3-metersailboatonawindydaywhentheNationalWeatherServicehadwarnedsmallboatstostayoutofthewater,buttheydidn’tcare.(在一個有風(fēng)的日子里，他們乘坐一艘4.3米長的帆船出海捕魚，當(dāng)時國家氣象局警告小船不要入水，但他們并不在意。)”可知這兩個男孩迷失是因?yàn)樗麄儧]有在意氣象局發(fā)出的警告，故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“Atnight,theyuseasinglewetsuittokeepwarm.(晚上，他們只穿一件潛水衣來保暖。)”可知他們在海里的夜晚遭遇寒冷，故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“Driscollandhisbestfriend,18-year-oldJoshLong,werefoundsixdayslaterandmorethan100milesfromwheretheyhadsetofffromSullivan’sIsland,SouthCarolina,onApril24.(德里斯科爾和他最好的摯友、18歲的喬?！だ视?天后被發(fā)覺，當(dāng)時距離他們4月24日從南卡羅來納州沙利文島動身的地方有100多英里。)”可知他們4月24號丟失，6天后被發(fā)覺獲救，由此可知他們獲救的日子是4月30日，故選A項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段““Whatwehaveisacompletelysurprisingstoryofsurvivalthat’sgoingtobestudiedforyearstocome,”saidRichardGoerling,Long’suncle,“Ithinktheboyshaveabooktowrite.”(朗的叔叔理查德·戈林(RichardGoerling)說:“我們得到的是一個完全令人驚異的生存故事，我們將在將來幾年對它進(jìn)行探討。我認(rèn)為這些男孩可以寫一本書了?！?”可知我們能從這兩個男孩在海上丟失，還能生存下來并且獲救的經(jīng)驗(yàn)中學(xué)到一些東西，故選B項(xiàng)。CWitharound100studentsscheduledtobeinthat9:00amMondaymorninglecture,itisnosurprisethatalmost20peopleactuallymakeittotheclassandonly10ofthemarestillawakeafterthefirst15minutes;itisnotevenasurprisethatmostofthemarestillintheirpajama’s(睡衣).Obviously,studentsareterribleatadjustingtheirsleepcyclestotheirdailyschedule.Allhumanbeingspossessabodyclock.Alongwithotheralertingsystems,thisgovernsthesleep/wakecycleandisthereforeoneofthemainprocesseswhichgovernsleepbehaviour.Typically,thepreferredsleep/wakecycleisdelayedinadolescents,whichleadstomanystudentsnotfeelingsleepyuntilmuchlaterintheevenings.Thistypicalsleeppatternisusuallyreferredtoasthe“nightowl”scheduleofsleep.Thisisopposedtothe“earlybird”schedule,andisakindofdisorderwheretheindividualtendstostayupmuchpastmidnight.Suchapersonhasgreatdifficultyinwakingupinthemornings.Researchsuggeststhatnightowlsfeelmostalertandfunctionbestintheeveningsandatnight.Researchfindingshaveshownthatabout20percentofpeoplecanbeclassifiedas“nightowls”andonly10percentcanbeclassifiedas“earlybirds”theother70percentareinthemiddle.Althoughthisisclearlynottrueforallstudents,fortheoneswhoaretruenightowls,thisgivesthemanexcellentexcuseformissingtheirlectureswhichunfortunatelyfallbeforemidday.28.WhatdoestheauthorstressinParagraph1?A.Manystudentsareabsentfromclass.B.StudentsareverytiredonMondaymornings.C.Studentsdonotadjusttheirsleeppatternswell.D.StudentsarenotwellpreparedforclassonMondays.29.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Moststudentsprefertogetuplateinthemorning.B.Studentsdon’tsleepwellbecauseofalertingsystems.C.One’sbodyclockgovernsthesleep/wakecycleindependently.D.Adolescents’delayedsleep/wakecycleisn’tthepreferredpattern.30.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“classified”?A.Criticized B.Grouped C.Organized D.Named31.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Functionsofthebodyclock.B.The“nightowl”phenomenon.C.Humanbeings’sleepbehaviour.D.Theschoolscheduleof“earlybirds”.【答案】28.C29.D30.B31.B【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。在文中作者通過介紹周一早上上課中學(xué)生遲到和準(zhǔn)時到的狀況，提出了學(xué)生不擅長調(diào)整自己的生物鐘而去適應(yīng)白天的學(xué)業(yè)支配。然后在文中分析了目前青少年睡眠存在的問題，提出了兩種不同的睡眠模式，即“earlybird”（早起型）和“nightowl”（夜貓子型），并主要介紹了晚上不困，白天困的“nightowl”現(xiàn)象?！?8題詳解】推理推斷題。在文章首段作者首先通過數(shù)字說明很多學(xué)生早晨不能準(zhǔn)時起床的一種狀況，然后用一句話Obviously,studentsareterribleatadjustingtheirsleepcyclestotheirdailyschedule.來說明這種現(xiàn)象的緣由，提出文章中心，然后圍繞此中心綻開行文，故答案選C。【29題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段Typically,thepreferredsleep/wakecycleisdelayedinadolescents…可知學(xué)生們對他們自己的睡眠模式不熟識，沒有能夠恰當(dāng)?shù)厝フ{(diào)整適應(yīng)自己的生物鐘，因而造成了睡眠問題，故答案選D。【30題詳解】詞義揣測題。A指責(zé)；B分類；C組織；D命名。依據(jù)上文第三段末句Thistypicalsleeppatternisusuallyreferredtoasthe"nightowl"scheduleof和第四段首句Thisisopposedtothe"earlybird"schedule,可知睡眠模式有兩種，即"nightowl"和"earlybird"，而此處把20%歸到nightowls類，由此推斷該詞意思為“分類”，選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。本文以學(xué)生星期一早上上課時很多學(xué)生難以將他們的睡眠周期調(diào)整到正常為引子，說明了“nightowl”這一睡眠周期現(xiàn)象現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行分析并介紹造成這種狀況的緣由，所以答案選B。A選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容“人體生物鐘的功能”，C選項(xiàng)“人體的睡眠行為”都比較片面，不能反映文章中心；而D選項(xiàng)“早起者的學(xué)校時間支配”在文中沒有涉及。DAlthoughvaccinesarerequiredforentryintoschoolinmostplacesintheUnitedStates,thegovernmentdoesallowforexceptions,likereligiousreasons.Inthelastfewyears,theratesofvaccine-preventableillnesshavebeenontherise.Inmostcases,theseoutbreaksbeganwithchildrenwhowereunvaccinated.Todealwiththisthreat,someschoolsinNewYorkhavebeenrefusingtoallowunvaccinatedchildrentoattendschool.Severalparentsthoughtthiswasunfairandfiledlawsuits.Justrecently,though,acourtruledinfavorofthecityschools.Thecourtmadetherightdecision.Vaccinepolicydependsnotonlyontheaddedprotectionthatvaccinesprovideforthosewhogetshots,butalsoonthedecreasedlikelihoodthatanyonewillcomeintocontact

withthedisease.Thisisknownascommunityimmunity.Itreferstothefactthatwhenenoughpeopleareimmunized,thentherereallycan’tbeanoutbreak.Andiftherecan’tbeanoutbreak,theneveryoneisprotected.Thisisimportant,becausetherearepeoplewhocannotbegivenimmunizationsforvariousreasons.Forexample,smallbabiescan’tbegivenallvaccines.In1995,thechickenpoxvaccinewasintroducedintheUnitedStates.Overtime,moreandmorechildrenreceivedit.In2011,astudylookedathowtheprogramaffectedthenumberofchildrenwhodiedfromthedisease.Thefirstthingnotedinthepaperwasthatdeathfromchickenpoxwentdownconsiderablyafterthevaccinewasintroduced.From2001through2007,theratesofdeathremainedmuchlower,withjustafewchildrendyingfromchickenpoxnationallyeachyear.What’smorefrom2004through2007,notonechildlessthan1yearofagediedintheUnitedStatesfromchickenpox.Thisisimportant,becausewecannotgivethechickenpoxvaccinetobabies.Inotherwords,allthosebabiesweresavednotbecausewevaccinatedthemagainstthisillness,butbecauseolderchildrenwere.Therefore,peoplewhorefusetovaccinatetheirchildrenaren’tjustputtingthemselvesatrisk—they’reputtingeveryoneelseindanger,too.32.Whoseinterestdidthejudgestakeintoconsideration?A.Students’. B.Schoolleaders’. C.Severalparents’. D.Unvaccinatedkids’.33.Whatisneededtopreventdiseaseoutbreaksthrough“communityimmunity”?A.Requiringeveryonetobeimmune.B.Vaccinatingbabiesasearlyaspossible.C.Makingsureenoughpeoplegetvaccinated.D.Separatingunvaccinatedpeoplefromvaccinated.34.Whatdoesthestudyaboutthechickenpoxvaccineshow?A.Thevaccineissafeforeverykid. B.Nodeathshavebeenseensince2004.C.Thevaccinehasloweredthedeathrate. D.Thevaccineismoreeffectiveamongbabies.35.Whichofthefollowingwouldtheauthoragreewith?A.Novaccine,norisk. B.Novaccine,noschool.C.Vaccinationisapersonalchoice. D.Vaccine-preventableillnessisdropping.【答案】32.A33.C34.C35.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。雖然在美國大多數(shù)地方，入學(xué)必需接種疫苗，但政府允許例外，比如宗教緣由。在過去的幾年里，疫苗可預(yù)防疾病的比率始終在上升。在大多數(shù)狀況下，這些暴發(fā)始于未接種疫苗的兒童，因此一些學(xué)校起先拒絕讓未接種疫苗的兒童上學(xué)，這一確定也得到了法院的支持。文章介紹了疫苗的重要性，作者認(rèn)為學(xué)生接種疫苗是必要的?！?2題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段“Inthelastfewyears,theratesofvaccine-preventableillnesshavebeenontherise.Inmostcases,theseoutbreaksbeganwithchildrenwhowereunvaccinated.Todealwiththisthreat,someschoolsinNewYorkhavebeenrefusingtoallowunvaccinatedchildrentoattendschool.Severalparentsthoughtthiswasunfairandfiledlawsuits.Justrecently,though,acourtruledinfavorofthecityschools.(在過去的幾年里，疫苗可預(yù)防疾病的比率始終在上升。在大多數(shù)狀況下，這些暴發(fā)始于未接種疫苗的兒童。為了應(yīng)對這一威逼，紐約的一些學(xué)校已經(jīng)拒絕讓未接種疫苗的兒童上學(xué)。一些家長認(rèn)為這是不公允的，并提出了訴訟。然而，就在最近，法院做出了有利于該市學(xué)校的裁決)”以及第三段中“Thecourtmadetherightdecision.Vaccinepolicydependsnotonlyontheaddedprotectionthatvaccinesprovideforthosewhogetshots,butalsoonthedecreasedlikelihoodthatanyonewillcomeintocontactwiththedisease.(法院做出了正確的確定。疫苗政策不僅取決于疫苗為接種者供應(yīng)的額外愛護(hù)，還取決于削減任何人接觸疾病的可能性)”可推知，法官們考慮的是學(xué)生的利益。故選A。【33題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中“Thisisknownascommunityimmunity.Itreferstothefactthatwhenenoughpeopleareimmunized,thentherereallycan’tbeanoutbreak.Andiftherecan’tbeanoutbreak,theneveryoneisprotected.(這就是所謂的社區(qū)免疫。它指的是，當(dāng)足夠多的人接種了疫苗，就不會真的爆發(fā)疫情。假如沒有爆發(fā)，那么全部人都受到了愛護(hù))”可知，通過“社區(qū)免疫”預(yù)防疾病暴發(fā)須要確保足夠的人接種疫苗。故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Thefirstthingnotedinthepaperwasthatdeathfromchickenpoxwentdownconsiderablyafterthevaccinewasintroduced.From2001through2007,theratesofdeathremainedmuchlower,withjustafewchildrendyingfromchickenpoxnationallyeachyear.(論文中提到的第一件事是，水痘死亡人數(shù)在疫苗引入后大幅下降。從2001年到2007年，水痘死亡率始終較低，全國每年只有少數(shù)兒童死于水痘)”可知，水痘疫苗的探討表明疫苗降低了死亡率。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段“Therefore,peoplewhorefusetovaccinatetheirchildrenaren’tjustputtingthemselvesatrisk—they’reputtingeveryoneelseindanger,too.(因此，拒絕給孩子接種疫苗的人不僅將自己置于危急之中，也將其他人置于危急之中)”可推知，B選項(xiàng)“沒有疫苗就沒有學(xué)?！钡挠^點(diǎn)作者會認(rèn)同。故選B。其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)?！馜oesfailurereallyexist?Ifyoubelieveyouhavefailed,thenyouhave.Ifyoubelieveyoudon’thavetheabilitytosucceed,thenyoudon’t.______36______Themomentyoudecidetogiveuporstopworkingtowardyourgoals,failureisborn.●_____37_____Mostpeoplegivethemselvesanoutwithoutevenrealizingit.Theyarewillingtoworkhardonreachingtheirgoals,butonlyuntilthegoinggetstooroughortheirenergydiesdown.Don’tdothat!______38______Neverquit,neveradmitfailure,andneverloseheart.●Don’tbelieveinaclearfinishlineforgoals.It’sagoodideatosetageneraltimeline,butrememberthatsomethingwillbebeyondyourcontrol.______39______Ifyoulockyourselfintoagiventimeline,youmightmakeyourselffeellikeafailure!Instead,getageneralideaofwhenyou’dlikeyourgoaltobecompleted.Thentakeitonedayatatimeandfocusonmakingprogressinsteadofreachingthefinishlineinaslittletimeaspossible.●Besurethatyoudon’tseedifficultiesasfailures.Difficultiesmeanonlyonething:it’snottimeforyourgoaltobecompletedyet.That’sit!Itdoesn’tmeanyoufailed;itdoesn’tmeanyou’reweak;itdoesn’tmeanyou’llneverachieveyourgoals.______40______You’vegottokeepmovingforwardandfindawayover,around,orthroughthedifficulties.A.Nevergiveuponyourself.B.Failureonlyexistsinyourownmind!C.That’sexactlyhowfailuremakesusfeel.D.Itsimplymeansyouhavenotdoneenoughyet.E.Youcanneversayexactlywhenyourgoalwillbereached.F.Instead,makeupyourmindtomakeyourgoalhappen,nomatterwhat!G.Workhardtowardsyourgoal,andyouwillbelikelytogetgoodresults.【答案】36.B37.A38.F39.E40.D【解析】【分析】本文為說明文。文章主要講解并描述了失敗是人生成長的必定經(jīng)驗(yàn)，告知我們怎樣看待失敗、怎樣戰(zhàn)勝失敗?！?6題詳解】B考查對上下文的理解和推理推斷實(shí)力。依據(jù)本段的主題Doesfailurereallyexist?Ifyoubelieveyouhavefailed,thenyouhave.可知你認(rèn)為自己失敗，你就真失敗了。再依據(jù)上句你認(rèn)為沒有實(shí)力勝利你就沒有。所以可知失敗僅存在于一個人的想法中，所以B項(xiàng)：失敗僅存在于你的想法。與上句連接，故選B?！?7題詳解】A考查對歸納概括實(shí)力。依據(jù)下句Mostpeoplegivethemselvesanoutwithoutevenrealizingit.可知本段主要講很多人遇到困難或精力用完時會放棄。再依據(jù)Neverquit,neveradmitfailure,andneverloseheart.可知想勝利確定不要放棄。此處選標(biāo)題A項(xiàng)：自己不要放棄，能概括本段意思，故選A?！?8題詳解】F考查對上下文的理解和推理推斷實(shí)力。本段主要講很多人遇到困難或精力用完時會放棄，想勝利確定不要放棄。上句是：不要那樣做；下句是：不要放棄、不要承認(rèn)失敗、不要失去信念。F項(xiàng)“相反，下定決心去實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)，不管發(fā)生什么”可連接上下，故選F?！?9題詳解】E考查對上下文的理解和推理推斷實(shí)力。本段主要講不要信任目標(biāo)清楚的終止線?？梢灾朴喴粋€支配，但事物在發(fā)展結(jié)果有不行預(yù)知性，E項(xiàng)“你恒久不能精確說出你的目標(biāo)何時實(shí)現(xiàn)”符合本段意思，故選E?！?0題詳解】D考查對上下文的理解和推理推斷實(shí)力。本段主要講確保不要把困難看成失敗，上句：困難并不意味著你失敗了，也不意味著你虛弱你恒久不能實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。D項(xiàng)“它只意味著你做的還不夠”承上啟下，故選D。考點(diǎn)：考查信息匹配。第三部分：語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Acoupleofweeksago,whensomefriendsandItookatriptoAmsterdam,thecapitaloftheNetherlands,Iimmediately___41___it.SincewearealllivinginNorthGermanywhichisnotvery___42___,itonlytookusafewhoursonthetrain___43___wewereattheheartofthis___44___city.Theminutewesteppedoffthe___45___,weweresurroundedby___46___architectureandweavingcanals.Westayedatayouthhostel,whichwasatypicaltallDutchhousewithlotsofstairs.I___47___stayinginyouthhostels;itissuchagreat___48___tomeetpeoplefromallovertheworldand___49___yourdifferentexperiences,___50___andevenlanguages.WestayedinaroomwithanArgentinian,whowebefriendedrightaway,andwespentalotof___51___together.Duringourstay,wemadesuretomakethemostofwhatAmsterdamhasto___52___.Wetookaboattripthroughthe___53___,whichgaveussomegreat___54___ofthefantasticarchitectureandcanals.WealsomadesuretogototheVanGoghMuseum,whichisoneofthecity’smostfamoustouristattractions,andconsistsofa___55___collectionofhiswork,alongwithdetailsofhis___56___andtheworkofotherartiststhatknewhim.Oneofmyfavouritepartsofthetrip,thoughitwasrather___57___,wasourvisittotheAnneFrankMuseum.ShewasaJewishgirlwhohidwithherfamilyfor2yearsbeforetheNazis___58___themandsentthemtothed