人教版9年級英語unit9定語從句專題學(xué)生版

定語從句一．定義：在復(fù)合從句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句定語從句結(jié)構(gòu)：（）Thisisthebook{that}Iintroducedtoyou.（）（）定語從句：修飾名詞或代詞的句子。先行詞：被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞。關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞。二．關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的連接詞稱為關(guān)系詞（包括“關(guān)系代詞”“關(guān)系副詞”）。關(guān)系代詞在從句中代表先行詞作主語、賓語、定語等；關(guān)系副詞代表先行詞在從句中作狀語。關(guān)系詞所修飾的先行詞在從句中所作的成分關(guān)系代詞who人主語、賓語whom人賓語which物主語、賓語that人、物主語、賓語whose/hu:z/人的、物的定語關(guān)系副詞when時間名詞時間狀語where地點名詞地點狀語why原因名詞原因狀語注意：關(guān)系代詞作賓語時可以省略(但是介詞后不能省，即“介賓;介詞+whom/which”不能省）。Haveyouseenthebook（that/which）Igaveyouyesterday？考點二：主謂一致Ifoundabookwhich_____(be)quiteinteresting.Thepenandthebookthat_______(be)onthedeskbelongtoTom.Heisusinghisnewsmartphonewhichhe_______(buy)yesterday.Lindalikesthesongverymuchwhich_____(sound)relaxing.Arethereanystudentswho______(be)toBeijingbefore.Idislikethecitywherehe_____(go)tocollegenextyear.Sheisoneofthestudentswho_____(like)playingthepiano.Sheistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____(like)playingthepiano.注意：“oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作先行詞時，從句謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；若是“theonly/very/right+oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”，從句謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式?？键c三：特殊情況“theway”在定語從句中作__________時的三種引導(dǎo)方式Idon’tagreetheway____________youtoldus.Idon’tliketheway_______________youspeaktoyourmother.Theway____________heworkedouttheproblemisverysimple.That/This/It+be+theadj.最高級+n.+(that)從句（現(xiàn)在完成時）Thisisthemostdangeroussituation______Ihaveevermet.Pandasarethecutestanimals_______Ihaveseen.Themostinterestingmuseum______I’veverbeentoistheAmericanputerMuseum.That/This/It+be+thefirst/second/third/...+time+(that)從句（現(xiàn)在完成時）Itisthefirsttime______IhavevisitedChina注意：只用that的情況（1）當(dāng)先行詞是all,much,little,few,anything,nothing,none等不定代詞，或被不定代詞修飾時I’minterestedineverythingthatisaboutbasketball.IwanttoreadalltheworksthatwerewrittenbyLuXun.我想把魯迅的作品全讀完。（2）當(dāng)先行詞被theonly,thelast,thevery,theright,thesame等詞修飾時Talkingwastheonlythingthatinterestedher.聊天是她唯一感興趣的事。（3）當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時Hewasthefirstpersonthatpassedtheexam.他是第一個通過考試的人。（4）當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時Theoldestmanthatsitsinthemiddleismygrandfather.坐在中間最老的人是我的祖父。（5）當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時Shetookphotosofthepeopleandthethingsthatshewasinterestedin.她把她感興趣的人和物全拍攝了下來。（6）當(dāng)主句是以who或which開頭的特殊疑問時（避免重復(fù)）Whoisthepersonthatisstandingbythedoor?站在門旁邊的那個人是誰？（7）當(dāng)主句以here/there開頭，且先行詞指物時Hereistheschoolbagthatyouwanttobuy.指物只用which的情況關(guān)系詞前有介詞時，介詞+which；（介詞鎖定）Theworldinwhichweliveissobeautiful.先行詞本身為that/those時;（避免重復(fù)）What’sthatwhichwasputinthebasket?Whatarethosewhichweretakenawayjustnow?非限制性定語從句中用which。Shebecameahomelesswomanovernight,whichmakesmesosad.指人只用who的情況（1）先行詞為指人的不定代詞，如：one;ones;anyone;noone;those等；Thosewhohavenotgotyourtextbooksstandup.（2）therebe句型中先行詞指人。ThereisamanwhoiscalledLiHua.（3）分隔式定語從句中（先行詞后有較長的后置定語）。Iwasoneofthepersonsinmyofficewhowereinvited.（4）一個句子中帶有兩個定語從句，一個已經(jīng)用that引導(dǎo)，另一個用who。Thestudentthatwonthefirstprizeinthewritingpetitionismydeskmatewhostudiesveryhard.限制性和非限制性定語從句定語從句有限制性和非限制性兩種。限制性定語從句:對先行詞進(jìn)行修飾，限制范圍，去掉它主句意思往往不明確，主從句不用逗號隔開。非限制性定語從句：對先行詞的補(bǔ)充說明，去掉了也不會影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號分開。翻譯時常譯成并列的分句（單獨翻譯成一個句子）。非限制性定語從句不能用that/why引導(dǎo)。Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.這是我們上個月買的那幢房子。（限制性）Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.這幢房子很漂亮，是我們上個月買的。（非限制性）2）非限制性定語從句還能將整個主句作為先行詞，對其進(jìn)行修飾，用which，引導(dǎo)，這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)。Hedoesn’tseemtounderstandme,whichmakesmeupset.他似乎沒抓住我的意思，這使我沮喪。練習(xí)題一、單項填空。()1.Doyoulikefilms________makeyouexcited?A.that B.what C.who D.it()2.Thewoman_______issinginginthehallisourteacher.A.what B.which C.who D.whom()3.Istillrememberthecollegeandtheteachers________IvisitedinLondonyearsago.A.whatB.whoC.that D.which()4.Look!Theboy________nameisSimonisplayingsoccerwithhisfriends.A.Who B.whoseC.Which D.whom()5.All________theyhavedoneisgoodforus.A.what B.whichC.why D.that按要求完成下列句子。Thebuildingisapostoffice.Itstandsnearthebank.(改為同義句）Thebuilding________________nearthebank________apostoffice.ThemanteachesusEnglish.HeesfromAmerica.(合并成一個含定語從句的復(fù)合句）Theman________teachesusEnglish________________America.Theboywithabookinhishandismybrother.(改為復(fù)合句）Theboy________________abookinhishandismybrother.三、把下列句子合并成含有定語從句的復(fù)合句1.Theboycametoseemeyesterday;heisTom’sbrother.__________________________________________________________2.ThegirlisfromEngland;hermotherisanEnglishteacher.__________________________________________________________3.Youmettheboyhereyesterday;heismybrother.__________________________________________________________4.Thehouseisourphysicslab;itsdoorisgreen.__________________________________________________________5.Iknowtheboy;yougaveabooktohim.__________________________________________________________四、用正確的關(guān)系詞填空。1.AronRalstonisanAmericanman_____isinterestedinmountainclimbing.2.Thismeansbeinginadifficultsituation_______youcannotseemtogetoutof.3.Wehavetomakeadecision______couldmeanlifeordeath.4.Aron’sarmwascaughtundera360kilorock_______fellonhim.5.OliverTwistisaboutaboy______goesouttoseaandfindsanisland.6.TomSawyerisaboutaboy______livesintheUnitedKingdom.7.I’vebroughtmanythings______Icanuse.8.Sallylooksatthemanybooks______shehasn’treadyet.9.Ilearnedaboutinventions______ledtocolormovies.10.Singaporeisaplace_______youwillneverforget.11.Wehavedecidedtoeachsellfivethings______wenolongeruse.12.Hishometownistheplace______holdsallhisbestmemories.13.ZhongWeiwillnowbeabletoopenanonlineshop____sellsdeliciousfoodfromhishometown.14.Thestoryisaboutanemperor______lovedclothes.15.Youcanalsogivethemawaytokidsorpeople_____needthem.16.Iwanttobuyahouse_______windowsfacethesea.17.Mikeisamanon____youcandepend.18.Therearesomeoldbooksandtoys______youshouldpartwith.19.Peopledon’tliketomakefriendsw