2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語Unit2Onwardsandupwards單元測評課后習(xí)題含解析外研版選擇性必修第一冊

PAGE其次單元測評(時(shí)間:120分鐘滿分:150分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。M:Howmuchdidyoupayfortheusedtelevision?W:200dollars.M:200dollarsforapieceofjunklikethat?That’sarip-off!1.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Whatthewomanboughtisn’tworthsomuchmoney.B.Whatthewomanboughtisreallyabargain.C.Whatthewomanboughtisvaluable.答案AM:Didyouhearthat?Thedroughtconditionsaresevere!There’salotofdeath,dying,andsufferingoutthere!W:Iheardthat,butit’snotsurprisingactually,becausewehaven’thadasmuchrainasnormalthisyear.2.Whatarethetwospeakerslookingforwardto?A.Coolair. B.Rainydays. C.Flowers.答案BM:I’mfedupwithmyroommate.We’resupposedtosharethegroceries,butIendupfeedinghimthreemealsaday.Ireallycan’tafforditanylonger.W:Iknowhowyoufeel.Maybeyoujustwanttohaveaheart-to-hearttalkwithhim.Ifherefusestomendhisways,thenaskhimtomoveout.3.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Haveatalkwithhisroommate.B.Behonestandsharethegroceries.C.Askhisroommatetomoveout.答案AW:John,tellmeaboutyourday.Whattimedoyouwakeup?M:Well,somedaysIwakeupearly.Maybeabout6o’clock.Butotherdays,maybeI’llsleepinuntil10:00or11:00.Howaboutyou,Sarah?W:Well,Ilikeeverydaytobethesame.SoIwakeupeverydayat8o’clock.First,Imakecoffeerightaway.Thenwehavebreakfasttogetheratabout8:30.4.Whendoesthewomanwakeup?A.Atabout6:00.B.At8:00.C.At10:00or11:00.答案BW:Whatsportsdoyouliketowatch?M:Nah.Myfavouritesporttowatchisbasketball.AndIpreferplayingsports,suchasbasketball,volleyball,boxing...Whataboutyou?Doyoulikewatchingsports?W:Yes.Iespeciallylovetowatchfootball,somethingabouthotguyschasingafterafootball.It’sveryexcitingtowatch.5.Whatsportsdoesthewomanliketowatch?A.Basketball. B.Boxing. C.Football.答案C其次節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。M:What’sgoingonbetweenyouandGary?Didyouguyshaveafightorsomething?W:Ican’tstandhimanymore!Hehassuchabadtemperthatevenalittlepieceoffriendlyadvicesetshimoff.M:Sowhatdidyoutellhim?W:Itoldhimthatifhecouldbemorepatientandtrynottolosehistempersoeasily,hewouldbemorepopular.M:Nowonderhethrewafit.Hispopularityisreallyasorespot.W:Well,IguessI’lljustkeepmymouthshut.That’llteachmetogiveadvice!M:Notunlessyouwanttodie!6.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.Excited. B.Puzzled. C.Angry.答案C7.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman?A.SheshouldbepatientwithGary.B.ShewillcontinuetogiveGaryadvice.C.Shewilllearnhowtogiveadvice.答案B聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。W:ArethereplaneticketstoSanFranciscothedayaftertomorrow?M:Goodafternoon,Miss.I’llhavealookatthetimetableforyou.I’msorry,buttherearen’tanydirectflightsavailable.W:ArethereticketsforSaturdaythen?M:Yes,thereare.Howdoyouwanttogo,firstclassorcoach?W:I’llneedacoach.What’sthefare?M:Itis260dollars.W:Whattimewilltheflightputmethere?M:TheflightwillgetyouthereatsixonSundaymorning.W:OK,I’lltakethree.What’stheflightnumber?M:Theflightnumberis301atGateTwo.8.WhenwillthewomanarriveatSanFrancisco?A.AtsixonSundayevening.B.AtsixonSundaymorning.C.AtsixonSaturdaymorning.答案B9.Howmuchwillthewomanpay?A.$780. B.$260. C.$520.答案A聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。W:Weareon,kindofonthesideofahillintheforestbutwehaveagoodviewofMountFujiontheothersideofthevalley.M:Yeah.It’sreallynicehere.Whyareyouinthisforestrightnow?W:Well,I’mcurrentlyteachingEnglishuphereatthecampus...uphereintheforest.M:Oh,nice.Doyoutakeanywalksinthewoods?W:Yes,Ienjoytakingwalksinthewoods.AndsometimesIevengoforajoginthewoods.There’safewpathsaroundhereandthere’sanicegolfcourseaswellthatyoucanrunaround.M:OK,great!What’sthebestthingaboutbeinginnature?Intheforest?W:Well,formeit’sthestressreliefthatitprovidesespeciallylivinginTokyowhichisofcourseoneoftheworld’slargestandmostnoisycities.It’salsonicetogetbackoutintonaturesometimesandjustheartheinsectsveryclearly,aswellassomebirdsandyouknowit’sjustnicetogetbackoutintonature.M:Iagree.OK,thanksalot,Kevin.W:You’rewelcome.10.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Sheisateacher.B.Sheisareporter.C.Sheisasportswoman.答案A11.Whatcanthewomanjogaroundsometimes?A.Agolfcourse. B.Alake. C.Thecampus.答案A12.Whatisthebestthingaboutnatureforthewoman?A.Thesounds.B.Theview.C.Thestressrelief.答案C聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。W:Well,I’mgladyou’refinallyback.Iwaswonderingwhathappened.M:Wegotlostcomingback.IguessIdon’treallyknowthistownyet.Wetookawrongturnsomewhere.AndJosephdoesn’tknowthetownatall.SoIstartedgivinghimdirections.ButIdidn’treallyknowwherewewere.Sowegotseriouslylost.W:Youcouldhavecalled.M:IknowIcouldhave.Butfinallyweaskedsomeonewherewewere.Guesswhereweendedup.W:Idon’tknow.Where?M:Whenwefinallydecidedtoasksomeone,theytolduswewereinGrangerfield.W:Grangerfield!YouwereinGrangerfield?That’sacompletelydifferenttown!Howcouldyoudrivetoacompletelydifferenttown?M:Idon’tknow.Thepersonweaskedhadtogiveusdirectionstothehighwaytogetbackhere.W:Grangerfieldislikeadozenmilesawayfromhere.M:Iknowitis.Idon’tknowhowithappened.W:Hmm,maybeIdo.M:What?W:YouweretoobusylookingatJoseph,andyouweren’tpayingattentiontotheroad.Maybethenexttimeyougooutwithhimtobuygroceries,you’llgetlostforevenlonger.Maybesixhoursorso.Hah,hah!See?Iguessedright.Youweren’twatchingtheroadatall.M:No,Iwasn’t.It’skindofhardtowatchtheroadwhenJosephisbehindthewheel.13.Whatdidthemandowhenhegotseriouslylost?A.Hefoundthewayhimself.B.Hecalledthewoman.C.Heaskedsomeonewherehewas.答案C14.Howdidthemangetlost?A.HeandJosephtookawrongturnsomewhere.B.Hedidn’tknowthetownatall.C.Hehadnosenseofdirection.答案A15.Whoisdrivingthecar?A.Theman. B.Joseph. C.Thewoman.答案B16.Whywasthemannotpayingattentiontotheroad?A.Hewaslisteningtomusic.B.Hewastalkingwithsomeoneonthephone.C.Hewasnotsureofthedriver’sdrivingskills.答案C聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。MyfirstjobwasinJessif,intheeastofPoland.IwaspromisedthatIwasn’tgoingtohavetoteachanybeginnersoranylittlechildrenbecauseitwasmyfirstjob.Iwaspromptlygiventhebeginners.OnmyfirstdayofteachingIwasgivenabookwhichsaid,“Ah!Gointotheclassroomandsayhellotothechildrenandthey’llallsayhellobacktoyouandwave.”Iwalkedintoaclassoffivefour-yearolds,followedbyalltheirmothersandgrandmothersandIsaid“Hello”andtheyallburstintotears.Ispenthalfthelessontryingtogetthemtosay“Hello”toeachotherandstopthemfromcryingwhileallthegrandmothersstoodaroundandstaredatme.IfinallyfinishedoffmysingingHappyPrincessSong,allonmyown,withcryingchildrentoaccompanyme.Itwasoneoftheworstdaysofmylife.Icouldfeelthesamewithallthechildrenthough,becauseIwantedtositonthefloorandcrywiththembytheendofit.ThenIrealizedthatteachingkidswasnevergoingtobemycareer.Ihadsomeotherclassesaswellbutquitsoonafterthatandmovedontoadultswhocryslightlyless.Yeah,thatwasmyfirstteachingexperience.Notthebest.17.Wheredidthespeakerstartteaching?A.London. B.Japan. C.Poland.答案C18.Howoldwerethespeaker’sstudents?A.3. B.4. C.5.答案B19.Whatdidthestudentsdoatthestartofthelesson?A.Laugh. B.Cry. C.Sleep.答案B20.Howdidthespeakertrytofinishthelesson?A.Bysingingasong.B.Bytellingastory.C.Byplayingagame.答案A其次部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABook:NoLookingBackAuthor:ShivaniGuptaShivanihadthrownapartyoneeveningandawokethenextmorninginhospitalbecauseofacarcrash.IttookShivaniyearsofpain,struggleanddeterminationtoregaincontrolofherlifeandherbody.Thentragedystruckagain.Asthenewly-marriedShivanidrovetoManaliwithherfamily,atruckcrashedintohercar.Shivanirefusedtogivein—shewouldn’tletherinjurykeepherfromachievingherambitions.Book:CourageBeyondCompareAuthor:SanjaySharmaThe10sportspersonsinthebookarechampionsindiversefieldslikeathletics,swimmingandbadminton,whohavebroughtglorytothecountry.Theyovercametheirphysicallimitationstoreachthetopoftheirchosenfields.Book:FacetoFaceAuthor:VedMehtaBlindsincetheageoffour,theauthorledalonelychildhoodinIndiauntilhewasacceptedtotheArkansasSchoolfortheBlind,towhichheflewaloneat15.Americaandtheschoolchangedhislife,leadinghimtodegreesatOxfordandHarvardandafruitfulwritingcareer.Book:ThisStarWon’tGoOutAuthor:LoriandWayneEarlDiagnosedwithcancerat12,EstherEarlwasabrightandtalented,butverynormalteenager.Shelivedahope-filledandgenerouslife.Acheerful,positiveandencouragingdaughter,sisterandfriend,Estherdiedin2010,shortlyafterturning16,butnotbeforeinspiringthousandsthroughhergrowingonlinepresence.【語篇解讀】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了幾本書,書中描寫了遭受不幸或身有殘疾的人意志堅(jiān)毅、與生命拼搏抗?fàn)幍墓适隆?1.ThebookNoLookingBackmainlytalksabout.

A.asuccessfulauthorwhowasblindduringhischildhoodB.10disabledathleteswhoarechampionsinsportsfieldC.anunluckygirlwhoexperiencedtwocaraccidentsD.aninspiringteenagerwhodiedofcancer答案C解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一部分可知,NoLookingBack這本書講解并描述的是一個(gè)不幸的女孩遭受了兩次車禍的故事,故選C項(xiàng)。22.Inwhichbookdoestheauthortellofhimself?A.CourageBeyondCompare.B.ThisStarWon’tGoOut.C.FacetoFace.D.NoLookingBack.答案C解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三部分中的“Blindsincetheageoffour,theauthorledalonelychildhoodinIndia”可知,FacetoFace這本書中作者講解并描述了自己孤獨(dú)的童年故事,故選C項(xiàng)。23.Whichwordcanbestdescribethefourbooks?A.Intelligent. B.Passionate.C.Pessimistic. D.Inspiring.答案D解析推理推斷題。第一本書介紹的一個(gè)名叫Shivani的女孩經(jīng)驗(yàn)的兩次意外事故,拒絕傷痛阻擋她實(shí)現(xiàn)理想的勵(lì)志故事;其次本書介紹的是10名體育運(yùn)動(dòng)員克服種種困難,為國爭光,取得優(yōu)異成果的故事;第三本書介紹的是自小失明的作者本人到美國求學(xué)并獲得哈佛高校學(xué)位,成為一名作家的勵(lì)志故事;第四本書介紹的是一位名叫EstherEarl的青少年被診斷患有癌癥仍舊很主動(dòng)樂觀并鼓舞成千上萬的其他人的故事。四本書都有激勵(lì)他人的作用,選D項(xiàng)。BMywifeLauraandIwereonthebeach,withthreeofourchildren,takingpicturesofshorebirdsnearourhomeinAlaskawhenwespottedabear.Thebearwasthinandsmall,movingaimlessly.Justafewminuteslater,Iheardmydaughtershouting,“Dad!Thebearisrightbehindus!”Anaggressivebearwillusuallyrushforwardtofrightenawayitsenemybutwouldsuddenlystopatthelastminute.Thisonewassilentanditsearspinnedback—thesignofananimalthatisgoinginforthekill.AnditwasacoldAprilday.Thebearbehavedabnormally,probablybecauseofhunger.Iheldmycameratripod(三腳架)inbothhandstoformabarrierasthebearrushedintome.Itshugeheadwaslevelwithmychestandshoulders,andthetripodstuckacrossitsmouth.ItbitdownandIfoundmyselfsupportingitsweight.IknewIwouldnotbeabletoholditforlong.Evenso,thiswasafightIhadtowin:Iwasallthatstoodbetweenthebearandmyfamily,whowouldstandlittlechanceofrunningfasterthanabrownbear.Thebearhitatthecamera,cuttingitoffthetripod.Iraisedmyleftarmtoprotectmyface;thebeastheldtightlyonthetripodandpresseditintomyside.Myarmcouldnotmove,andIsensedthatmybonesweregoingtobreak.Drawingbackmyfreehand,IstruckthebearashardasIcouldforfivetosixtimes.ThebearopeneditsmouthandIgraspeditsfur,tryingtopushitaway.Iwasactuallywrestling(扭打)withthebearatthispoint.Then,assuddenlyasithadbegun,thefightended.Thebearmovedbacktowardtheforest,beforereturningforanotherattack.ThefirsttimeIfeltpanic.Apparentlysatisfiedthatwecausednofurtherthreat,thebearmovedoff,destroyingafenceasitwent.Myarmwasinjured,buttheoutcomeforuscouldhardlyhavebeenbetter.I’mproudthatmyfamilyremainedclear-headedwhenpaniccouldhaveledtoaverydifferentoutcome.【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。作者講解并描述和家人一起在拍鳥時(shí)遇上一只饑腸轆轆的熊的驚險(xiǎn)歷程,幸好全家人在遇到危急時(shí)保持鎮(zhèn)靜,最終熊一無所獲地走開了。24.Thewholetextismainlyarrangedin.

A.resultandinferenceB.causeandeffectC.spaceorderD.timeorder答案D解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。閱讀全文可知,作者在拍鳥時(shí)遇上一只饑餓的熊,然后作者對抗熊,最終熊一無所獲地走開,是按時(shí)間依次講解并描述的。故選D項(xiàng)。25.Whendidthebearfinallygoaway?A.Afteritfeltsafe.B.Afteritgotinjured.C.Afteritfoundsomefood.D.Afterittookawaythecamera.答案A解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段倒數(shù)第三句,熊對“我們”沒有給它造成進(jìn)一步的威逼感到很滿足,然后走開了,所以熊是在感到平安后離開的。故選A項(xiàng)。26.Thewriterandhisfamilysurvivedmainlyduetotheir.

A.calmness B.patienceC.pride D.cautiousness答案A解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段最終一句可知,作者對家人在當(dāng)時(shí)保持鎮(zhèn)靜感到很驕傲,因?yàn)轶@恐有時(shí)能導(dǎo)致一個(gè)特別不同的結(jié)果,可知,家人臨危不懼很冷靜,這是幸存下來的主要緣由,這里clear-headed對應(yīng)calmness。故選A項(xiàng)。27.Whenthebearmovedbacktowardstheforest,howdidthefamilyfeel?A.Excited. B.Threatened.C.Relieved. D.Puzzled.答案C解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段倒數(shù)其次句可知,“我”的胳膊受傷了,但是對“我們”來說這個(gè)結(jié)果是再好不過的了,故家人們應(yīng)感到如釋重負(fù)。故選C項(xiàng)。CEnglishisfullofcolourfulphrasestodescribeshyness.Someoneshymightbecalledshrinkingvioletorawallflower,whileforespeciallynervoustypeswehavethecuriousexpression:theywouldn’tsay“boo”toagoose.Noneofthesearetraditionallyseenaspositivedescriptions,evenifyoulikegeese.Inacultureofgo-gettinghighachievers,shypeopledon’tcomefirst.Orthat’swhattheself-helpindustrywouldhaveyoubelieve.Bookshopsarefilledwithvitaltomes(大部頭書籍)thatpromisetohelpbeatsocialfearsandfindsuccessinlife,loveandbusiness.Thatiswhyonebook,ShrinkingViolets:AFieldGuidetoShyness,bucksthetrend.ItbecameasuddensuccessacrossEnglish-languagemediarecentlyforitsnewtake-onshyness.

AuthorJoeMoransaysthatdespitestrugglingwithshynessandlongingforlonelinessallhislife,beingshycanalsobe“agift”.Freedfromtheconstanturgetoparticipateandcompeteinsocialsituations,peopleareliberatedtolookattheworldinnewways,andgainfreshinsights.Indeed,manyoftheworld’sgreatthinkersandartistsareintroverts(內(nèi)向的人).ScientistsCharlesDarwinandAlbertEinsteinpreferredtheirowncompany;actressKeiraKnightleyoftenfindsherselftongue-tiedatparties;andHarryPotterauthorJ.K.Rowlingclaimssheusedtobetoonervoustoevenborrowapen.MorantoldBBCFuture,“Ithinkshynessprobablydoesturnyouintoanamateuranthropologist(人類學(xué)家),really—youaremorelikelytobeanobserver.”So,whileextrovertsmakeallthenoise,theydon’tnecessarilyhavethebestideas.Ifyou’reshy,you’veprobablyknownthisforalongtime.Youjustdon’tshoutaboutit.【語篇解讀】本文是爭論文。作者通過暢銷書和大量實(shí)例說明羞澀不肯定是壞事,它和勝利沒有必定聯(lián)系。羞澀是洞察世界的一種新方式。28.Whensomeoneisbeingcalledawallflower,heisbeing.

A.praisedforhisgraceB.admiredforhischaracterC.laughedatforhisshynessD.toldoffforhisnervousness答案C解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Someoneshymightbecalledshrinkingvioletorawallflower”和其次段中的“Noneofthesearetraditionallyseenaspositivedescriptions”可知,被稱為shrinkingviolet或wallflower都不是主動(dòng)的褒義的稱謂,是別人在訕笑自己的羞澀,故選C項(xiàng)。29.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“bucksthetrend”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Goesagainstthetrendandsucceeds.B.Changesthepublicideacompletely.C.Becomesunpopularandunaccepted.D.Becomesthemajorconcernofpeople.答案A解析詞義揣測題。由畫線詞所在句的上句可知,書店暢銷的都是幫助克服恐驚,在生活、愛和商業(yè)方面勝利的巨著。下句說明ShrinkingViolets:AFieldGuidetoShyness這本書與暢銷書內(nèi)容不同,卻很勝利。所以畫線詞語“bucksthetrend”指與社會(huì)潮流相違反卻很勝利,故選A項(xiàng)。30.Whydidtheauthormentionmanyfamousshypeople?A.Topointouttheharmshynessbrings.B.Todisconnectshynessandsuccess.C.Toshowthereasonsforshyness.D.Toproveshynesscontributestoscience.答案B解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段第一句和下面列舉的CharlesDarwin,AlbertEinstein,KeiraKnightley和J.K.Rowling幾個(gè)勝利人士曾經(jīng)也很羞澀的例子,目的是說明勝利和羞澀沒有必定的聯(lián)系,故選B項(xiàng)。31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsshyness?A.Opposed. B.Indifferent.C.Supportive. D.Critical.答案C解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段可知,羞澀是看世界的一種新方式。由第四段中的“Indeed,manyoftheworld’sgreatthinkersandartistsareintroverts(內(nèi)向的人).”可知,很多羞澀的人很勝利。最終兩段內(nèi)向和外向進(jìn)行了對比。由此可知作者對羞澀不是反對和指責(zé)的,而是支持和贊成的。故選C項(xiàng)。DFairytalesperformmanyfunctions.Theyentertain,encourageimaginationandteachproblem-solvingskills.Theycanalsoprovidemorallessons,highlightingthedangersoffailingtofollowthesocialcodesthatlethumanbeingscoexistinharmony.Suchmorallessonsmaynotmeanmuchtoarobot,butateamofresearchersatGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologybelievesithasfoundawaytousethefairytalesasmorallessonsthatAI(artificialintelligence)cantaketoitscold,mechanicalheart.Thecollectedstoriesofdifferentculturesteachchildrenhowtobehaveinsociallyacceptablewayswithexamplesofproperandimproperbehaviorinfables,novelsandotherliterature.WebelievestorycomprehensioninrobotscanpreventtheintelligentrobotsfromkillinghumanitywhichwaspredictedandfearedbysomeofthebiggestnamesintechnologyincludingStephenHawkingandBillGates.Thissystemiscalled“Quixote”.ItcollectsstoryplotsfromtheInternetandthenusesthosestoriestoteachrobotshowtobehave.Theexperimentdonebythedesignersinvolvesgoingtoadrugstoretopurchasesomemedicineforahumanwhoneedstogetitassoonaspossible.Therobothasthreeoptions.Itcanwaitinline;itcaninteractwiththestorekeeperpolitelyandpurchasethemedicinewithpriority;oritcanstealthemedicineandescape.Withoutanyfurtherdirectives(指示),therobotwillcometotheconclusionthatthemostefficientmeansofobtainingthemedicineistostealit.ButQuixoteoffersarewardforwaitinginlineandpolitelypurchasingthemedicineandapunishmentforstealingit.Inthisway,therobotwilllearnthemoralwaytobehaveonthatoccasion.Quixotewouldworkbestonarobotthathasaverylimitedfunction.It’sababystepinthedirectionofteachingmoremorallessonsintorobots.WebelievethatAIhastobetrainedtoadoptthevaluesofaparticularsociety,andindoingso,itwillstrivetoavoidunacceptablebehavior.Givingrobotstheabilitytoreadandunderstandourstoriesmaybethemostefficientmeans.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。童話故事不但可以消遣孩子們,還能讓機(jī)器人擁有道德觀念,使其更好地為人類服務(wù)。32.Whatfunctiondofairytalesperformintherobots?A.Theyentertainrobots.B.Theyhighlightdangers.C.Theymakerobotsmoreintelligent.D.Theyenablerobotstobehavemorally.答案D解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“ithasfoundawaytousethefairytalesasmorallessonsthatAI(artificialintelligence)cantaketoitscold,mechanicalheart”可知,童話故事可以作為道德閱歷讓人工智能機(jī)器人的行為符合道德規(guī)范,故D項(xiàng)正確。33.Whatis“Quixote”inthetext?A.Apunishmentsystem.B.Acharacterinliterature.C.Abignameintechnology.D.Akindofsoftwareeducatingrobots.答案D解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段最終兩句可知,這個(gè)被稱為Quixote的系統(tǒng)從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上收集故事情節(jié),然后用這些故事來教化機(jī)器人如何規(guī)范行為,由此可知,Quixote是一種教化機(jī)器人的軟件,故D項(xiàng)正確。34.Whatdoesthedesignerexpectrobotstodointheexperiment?A.Totakeadvantageofitsprivilege.B.Tofinishthetaskmostefficiently.C.Toperforminawell-manneredway.D.Toberewardedbythestorekeeper.答案C解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中的“WebelievethatAIhastobetrainedtoadoptthevaluesofaparticularsociety,andindoingso,itwillstrivetoavoidunacceptablebehavior.”可推知,設(shè)計(jì)者希望機(jī)器人在試驗(yàn)中的行為能符合道德規(guī)范,故C項(xiàng)正確。35.Whichofthefollowingcanbestexpresstheauthor’sopinion?A.Robotswilldefinitelyhavemorefunctions.B.Robotswithhumans’emotionsareperfect.C.Trainingrobotstobesociallyacceptableisnecessary.D.Thedevelopmentofrobotsisstillinababystep.答案C解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段第三句可知,我們認(rèn)為人工智能必需接受培訓(xùn)以適應(yīng)特定社會(huì)的價(jià)值觀,這樣做,它將努力避開不被接受的行為。據(jù)此可推知,訓(xùn)練機(jī)器人讓其行為符合社會(huì)規(guī)范是必要的,故C項(xiàng)正確。其次節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Althoughproblemsareapartofourlives,itcertainlydoesn’tmeanthatweletthemruleourlivesforever.Onedayortheother,you’llhavetostandupandsay—problem,Idon’twantyouinmylife.36Problemswithfriends,parents,girlfriends,husbands,andchildren—thelistgoeson.Apartfromthese,theinnerconflictswithinourselveswork,too.Thesekeepaddingtoourproblems.Problemscomeindifferentshapesandcoloursandfeelings.

Butgoodnewsisthatallproblemscanbedealtwith.Nowreadontoknowhowtosolveyourproblems.Talk—itreallyhelps.Whatmostofusthinkisthatourproblemcanbeunderstoodonlybyusandthatnotalkingisgoingtohelp.37Talkinghelpsyoumoveonandletgo.

Writeyourproblems.38Whenyouwritedownyourproblems,youaresettingfreeallthetensionfromyoursystem.Youcantrythrowingawaythepaperonwhichyouwroteyourproblems.Bydoingthis,imagineyourselfthrowingawaytheproblemsfromyourlife.

Don’tlosefaithandhope.Nomatterwhatyouloseinlife,don’tlosefaithandhope.Evenifyouloseallyourmoney,family...youshouldstillhavefaith.39

Yourproblemsaren’ttheworst.Nomatterwhatproblemyougetinlife,thereareanotheronemillionpeoplewhoseproblemsarehugerthanyours.40Yourproblemsmightjustseembigandworse,butinrealitytheycanberemoved.

Goaboutandsolveyourproblemsbecauseeveryproblem,howeverbigorsmall,alwayshasawayout.A.Butthetruthisthatwhenyoutalkaboutit,you’resettingfreethenegativeenergiesthathavebeengatheringwithinyou.B.Whenwehaveaproblem,apressing,critical,urgent,life-threateningproblem,howdowetryandsolveit?C.Tellyourself:iftheycandealwiththem,whycan’tI?D.Ofcourse,we’vebeenfightingproblemseversincewewereborn.E.Wecanoftenovercometheproblemandachievethegoalbymakingadirectattack.F.Havingapersonaldiarycanalsobeofhugehelpifyoudon’twantarealpersontotalkwith.G.Withfaithandhope,youcanrebuildeverythingthatyoulose.答案36~40DAFGC第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。TheTrueStoryofTreasureIslandItwasalwaysthoughtthatTreasureIslandwastheproductofRobertLouisStevenson’simagination.41,recentresearchhasfoundthetruestoryofthisexcitingwork.

In1881,StevensonreturnedtoScotlandfora42withhiswifeFannyandsonLloyd.

EachmorningStevensonwouldtakethemoutforalong43overthehills.Theyhadbeen44thisforseveraldaysbeforetheweathersuddenlyworse.Keptindoorsbytheheavyrain,Lloydfeltthedays45.Tokeeptheboyhappy,Robertaskedtheboytodosome46.

Onemorning,Robert47theboycaughtabeautifulmapofanislandwherealargecrossinthemiddleof48.“What’sthat?”heasked.“That’stheburiedtreasure,”saidtheboy.Robertsuddenlysawsomethingofanadventurestoryintheboy’s49.Then,hesatdownbythefiretowriteastory.Hewouldmakethe50atwelve-year-oldboy,justlikeLloyd.Butwhowouldbethepirate(海盜)?

Henley,Robert’sfriend,walkedaroundwiththe51ofawoodenleg.Roberthadalwayswantedto52suchamaninastory.53LongJohnSilver,thepiratewasborn.

Thankstoa54SeptemberinScotland,wehaveoneofthegreatest55storiesintheEnglishlanguage.

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。人們認(rèn)為《金銀島》一書是史蒂文森憑空想象出來的,然而最近的探討發(fā)覺了這部作品誕生的真實(shí)故事。41.A.However B.Therefore C.Besides D.Finally答案A解析上一句的句意是:人們始終認(rèn)為《金銀島》一書是史蒂文森憑空想象出來的。后面的句意是:最近的一項(xiàng)探討發(fā)覺這部令人激烈的作品的真實(shí)故事。明顯,兩句具有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系(然而)。故選A項(xiàng)。42.A.meeting B.story C.holiday D.job答案C解析依據(jù)第三段第一句可推斷他們每天早上去爬山漫步,可以斷定回蘇格蘭是為了“度假”,故選C項(xiàng)。43.A.talk B.rest C.walk D.game答案C解析依據(jù)上文可知,他們是在度假,一家人去山上,因此肯定是“漫步”。故選C項(xiàng)。44.A.attempting B.missingC.planning D.enjoying答案D解析依據(jù)語境可知,每天山上漫步,肯定感到很滿足,應(yīng)當(dāng)是一種“享受”。故選D項(xiàng)。45.A.quiet B.dull C.busy D.cold答案B解析依據(jù)上文可知,下大雨讓他們不得不待在室內(nèi)。孩子肯定會(huì)感覺很“枯燥”,只有dull符合句意。故選B項(xiàng)。46.A.cleaning B.writingC.drawing D.exercising答案C解析依據(jù)下文的“abeautifulmapofanisland”可推斷是drawing。故選C項(xiàng)。47.A.doubted B.noticedC.decided D.recognized答案B解析依據(jù)上文“孩子在圖上島的中間畫了一個(gè)十字”,這個(gè)應(yīng)當(dāng)是父親細(xì)心“留意到”的事情。故選B項(xiàng)。48.A.thesea B.thehouseC.Scotland D.theisland答案D解析依據(jù)上文“abeautifulmapofanisland”以及語境可推斷是島嶼,故選D項(xiàng)。49.A.book B.reply C.picture D.mind答案C解析依據(jù)上文可推斷父親是從兒子的繪畫中得到了靈感。故選C項(xiàng)。50.A.star B.hero C.writer D.child答案B解析依據(jù)上文父親坐在爐火旁寫作,因此可推斷,這里是說他想讓故事中的主子公是像他兒子一樣的男孩。hero意為“主子公”。故選B項(xiàng)。51.A.help B.problem C.use D.bottom答案A解析句意:羅伯特有一個(gè)摯友叫亨利,他在一條木腿的幫助下四處走動(dòng)。withthehelpof表示“在……幫助下;借助于”。故選A項(xiàng)。52.A.praise B.produce C.include D.accept答案C解析依據(jù)上文可知故事的主子公誕生了,海盜是誰呢?作者緊接著突然提及羅伯特的一個(gè)摯友,借助于一只木頭腿走路,而下文中的suchamaninastory即指這個(gè)摯友,可見意思是在書中“包括”這樣一個(gè)人物。故選C項(xiàng)。53.A.Yet B.Also C.But D.Thus答案D解析下文(高個(gè)子約翰·西爾弗,那個(gè)有條木腿的海盜誕生了)與上文之間為因果關(guān)系,因此用thus。故選D項(xiàng)。54.A.rainy B.sunny C.cool D.windy答案A解析因?yàn)椤坝辍辈庞辛恕督疸y島》的故事,因此,《金銀島》一書應(yīng)多虧了那個(gè)“下雨的”九月。故選A項(xiàng)。55.A.news B.loveC.real-life D.adventure答案D解析依據(jù)常識(shí)可知《金銀島》是部探險(xiǎn)小說。故選D項(xiàng)。其次節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。HotelguestsinChinamightno56.(long)havetoworryaboutwaitinginlinetocheckin.AttheAlibaba’sfuturistic(將來派的)hotels,guestscanscantheirIDs,takeaphotoandinputpersonaldetailsusingamachinetocheck57.(they)in.Thesmartequipmentwillthenprovidearoomkeycardaftertheinformation58.(check).Theprocesswilltakelessthanaminute,accordingtothecompany.TargetingonlyChinesecustomersfornow,thenewservicewillbe59.(gradual)expandedglobally.Therapidgrowthofmobileusageandmobilepaymentadoptioncanshow60.convenientpeople’slifeisbecominginChina.Alibabaisn’t61.onlycompanythatintroduceshigh-techhotels.SmartLYZ,aShenzhen-basedcompanywhichfocused62.developingAItechnologyandsmarthotels,openedthefirsteverfullyautomated(自動(dòng)化的)hotelinChengdu,Sichuan,backinJanuary.63.(travel)canbookaroomthroughSmartLYZ’sWeChatwebsite,checkinthroughafacialrecognitionmachine,unlockthedoorwitha64.(give)passcodeorthroughitsmobileappandfinally,checkoutbypressingabuttonontheapp.TheAISmartRoomwillundoubtedlybeextremelyattractivetoguests,65.(create)thewayforanewlevelofmodernizationandconsumers’satisfaction.答案與解析【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文,主要介紹了智能賓館的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。56.longer考查固定搭配。nolonger是固定搭配,意為“不再”,故填longer。57.themselves考查代詞。此處表示完成他們自己的登記入住,故應(yīng)用they的反身代詞themselves作check的賓語。58.ischecked考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一樣。主語theinformation與check之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且主語為第三人稱單數(shù),故填ischecked。59.gradually考查副詞。此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾其后的動(dòng)詞expanded。60.how考查賓語從句。依據(jù)句意“人們的生活正在變得多么便利”可知,此處用how引導(dǎo)賓語從句。61.the考查冠詞。依據(jù)后面的onlycompany可知,此處用定冠詞the修飾only,表示“唯一的”。62.on/upon考查介詞。此處表示專注于研發(fā)AI技術(shù)和智能賓館。focuson/upon是固定搭配,意為“專注于”,故填on/upon。63.Travel(l)ers考查名詞。此處表示通過SmartLYZ的微信網(wǎng)頁,旅客們就能預(yù)訂房間。依據(jù)語境可知,此處應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。64.given考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。名詞passcode與give之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用過去分詞形式修飾passcode。65.creating考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,主語TheAISmartRoom與create之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式creating。第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)假如你是晨光中學(xué)的學(xué)生李華,你的美國筆友Peter對你校上周舉辦的藝術(shù)節(jié)(ArtFestival)特別感愛好。請你給他介紹一下藝術(shù)節(jié)的狀況,并邀請他下次來參與。1.時(shí)間與地點(diǎn);2.活動(dòng)目的;3.活動(dòng)內(nèi)容與參與者;4.收獲與感想。留意:1.詞數(shù):80左右;2.可適當(dāng)加入細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié),使內(nèi)容充溢、行文連貫;DearPeter,

Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua參考范文DearPeter,

Howiseverythinggoing?I’mhonouredandhappy,hearingyouareafanoftraditionalChineseArtandCulture.Herecomesapieceofgoodnewsappealingtoyou.TheMiddleSchoolArtFestivalwashostedbyourschoollastFriday.Thefesti