2024年英語專業(yè)四級閱讀理解模擬題

英語專業(yè)四級閱讀理解模擬題AsimplepieceofropehangsbetweensomeenvironmentallyfriendlyAmericansandtheirneighbors.Ononesidestandthosewhohavebeguntoseeclothesdryersaswastefulconsumersofenergy(upto6%oftotalelectricity)andpowerfulemittersofcarbondioxide(uptoatonofCO2perhouseholdeveryyear).Asanalternative,theyareturningtoclotheslinesaspartofwhatAlexanderLee,anenvironmentalist,calls"what-I-can-doenvironmentalism."Butontheothersidearepeoplewhoopposeair-dryinglaundryoutsideonaestheticgrounds.Increasingly,theyhavepersuadedcommunityandhomeownersassociations(HOAs)acrosstheU.S.tobanoutdoorclotheslines,whichtheysaynotonlylookunsightlybutalsolowersurroundingpropertyvalues.Thoseactions,inturn,havesparkedaright-to-drymovementthatispressingforlegislationtoprotectthechoicetouseclotheslines.Onlythreestates--Florida,HawaiiandUtah--havelawswrittenbroadlyenoughtoprotectclotheslines.Right-to-dryadvocatesarguethatthereshouldbemore.MattReckisthekindofeco-consciousguywhofeedshistreeswithbathwaterandrecyclescondensationdropsfromhisairconditionerstowaterplants.Hisfamilyalsousesaclothesline.ButOttoHagen,presidentofReck'sHOAinWakeForest,N.C.,notifiedhimthataneighborh,adcomplainedabouthisline.TheRecksignoredthewarningandstilldrytheirclothesonaropeintheyard."Manypeopleclaimtobeenvironmentallyfriendlybutdon'ttakemattersintotheirownhands,"saysReck.HOAsHagenhasdecidedtoholdofftakingaction."I'mnotgoingtogocrazy,"hesays."ButifMattkeepshislineandmoreneighborscomplain,I'llhavetoaddressitagain."NorthCarolinalawmakerstriedandfailedearlierthisyeartoinsertlanguageintoanenergybillthatwouldexpresslypreventHOAsfromregulatingclotheslines.ButtheissueremainsatouchyonewithHOAsandrealestateagents."Mostaestheticrestrictionsarerooted,toadegree,inthebeliefthathomogenous(統(tǒng)一協(xié)調(diào)的)exteriorsaresupportiveofpropertyvalue,"saysSaraStubbins,executivedirectoroftheCommunityAssociationInstitute'sNorthCarolinachapter.Inotherwords,associationsworrythathousingpriceswillfallifprospectivebuyersthinktheirwould-beneighborsaretoopoortoafforddryers.AlexanderLeedismissesthenotionthatclotheslinesdevaluepropertyassets,advocatingthattheidea"needstochangeinlightofglobalwarming.""Weallhavetodoatleastsomethingtodecreaseourcarbonfootprint,"AlexanderLeesays.1.WhatisNOTmentionedasadisadvantageofusingclothesdryers?A.Electricityconsumption.B.Airpollution.C.Wasteofenergy.D.Uglylooking.2.WhichofthefollowingisINCORRECT?A.Opposersthinkair-dryinglaundrywoulddevaluesurroundingassets.B.Opposersconsidertheoutdoorclotheslineasaneyesoretothescenery.C.Right-to-drymovementsledtothepassofwrittenlawstoprotectclotheslines.D.MostofstatesintheUShavenowrittenlawstoprotectclotheslines.3.WhatistheHOAs'attitudetowardstheregulationofoutdoorclotheslines?A.Concerned.B.Impartial.C.Supportive.D.Unclear.4.InthelastparagraphAlexanderLeerecommendsthatA.clotheslinesshouldbebannedinthecommunity.B.clotheslineswouldn'tlessenthepropertyvalues.C.theglobewouldbecomewarmerandwarmer.D.weshouldprotecttheenvironmentinthecommunity.5.AnappropriatetitleforthepassagemightbeA.OpinionsonEnvironmentalProtection.B.OpinionsonAir-dryingLaundry.C.What-I-Can-DoEnvironmentalism.D.RestrictionsonClotheslines.參照答案與解析：文章概要：本文探討與否該用晾衣繩在室外晾曬衣服。第l段指出干衣機不利環(huán)境保護，由此引出用晾衣繩晾衣服的話題；第2段簡介對用晾衰繩曬衣服的兩種對立觀點；第3段描述環(huán)境保護主義者MattReck用晾衣繩在室外曬衣服，并指出他的行為引起鄰居的不滿及業(yè)主委員會組員OttoHagen的注意；第4段指出北卡羅來納州立法者試圖修訂法律規(guī)定業(yè)主委員會對住戶與否在室外晾衣無權干涉，法案卻沒有通過的原因；最終一段：AlexanderLee認為人們應當變化觀念，為減少碳排放量奉獻力量。答案解析：1[D]細節(jié)判斷題?？疾焓褂酶梢聶C的弊端，文章第1段第2句話對此有論述：有人認為干衣機揮霍能源從而導致電的損耗．釋放的二氧化碳污染空氣，A、B、C選項分別列舉了這些弊端，本題是逆向選擇題，規(guī)定選出不是干衣機弊端的一項，故選D2．[C]細節(jié)判斷題。第2段提到，戶外晾衣繩不僅破壞優(yōu)美的風景還減少房產(chǎn)價值，A、B都對。D與本段最終一句表述也相符。C無法從文中推斷出來，故選C。3．[C]觀點態(tài)度題?？疾霩OAs協(xié)會的組員對限制使用晾衣繩的態(tài)度。第3段最終幾旬提到，假如Matt繼續(xù)使用晾衣繩，HOAs的組員Hagen就要直接出面說Matt了，這間接表明了HOAs協(xié)會的態(tài)度；此外，從第4段前兩句，也可推知C對的。4．[D]段落細節(jié)題。在最終一段，AlexanderLee提出，鑒于全球變暖我們的觀念需要變化，至少要做到盡量減少碳物質的排放。因此選項D符合題意。A與原文意思相反；B雖然是AlexanderLee的觀點，卻不是他要倡導的，故不選。C并不是AlexanderLee的觀點。5.[B]全文主旨題。本文就與否應當限制使用晾衣繩進行了探討分析，文章最終呼吁人類變化觀念，每個人都應為保護環(huán)境盡一份力。選項B符合題意。A太寬泛；C明顯不對；D只體現(xiàn)了文中某些人的觀點，過于片面。Withinthatexclusivegroupofliterarycharacterswhohavesurvivedthroughthecenturies--fromHamlettoHuckleberryFinn--fewcanrivaltheculturalimpactofSherlockHolmes.Sincehisfirstpublicappearance20yearsago,thegentlemanwiththecurvedpipeandatasteforcocaine,themasterofdeductivereasoningandelaboratedisguise,haslefthismarkeverywhere--incrimeliterature,filmandtelevision,cartoonsandcomicbooks.AtHolmes'side,ofcourse,washistrustedfriendDr.Watson.Loomingevenlarger,however,wasanotherdoctor,onewhosemedicalpracticewassoslowitallowedhimplentyoftimetopursuehisliteraryambition.Hisname:ArthurConanDoyle.Asthecreatorofthesefictionalicons,ConanDoylehashimselfbecomesomethingofacultfigure,theobjectofcountlesscriticalstudies,biographiesandfanclubs.ConanDoylewasborninEdinburghin1859,inarespectablemiddle-classCatholicfamily.Still,itwasfarfromaneasylife.Therewasneverenoughmoney;theymovedfrequentlyinsearchoflowerrents;andhisfather,acivilservantandillustratorwasanalcoholicwhohadtobeinstitutionalized.Yettheearlylettershewrotetohismotheraresurprisinglyoptimistic,concernedmainlywithfood,clothes,allowancesandschoolwork.At14camehisfirstunforgettablevisittoLondon,includingMadameTussaud's,wherehewas"delightedwiththeroomofHorrors,andtheimagesofthemurderers."Asuperbstudent,ConanDoylewentontomedicalschool,wherehewasattractedbyDr.JosephBell,aprofessorwithanuncannyabilitytodiagnosepatientsevenbeforetheyopenedtheirmouths.ForatimeheworkedasBell'soutpatientclerkandwouldwatch,amazed,athowthelocationofacalluscouldrevealaman'sprofession,orhowaquicklookataskinrashtoldBellthatthepatienthadoncelivedinBermuda.In1886,ConanDoyleoutlinedhisfirstnovel,AStudyinScarlet,whichhedescribedas"asimpletaleofmysterytomakealittleextramoney."Itsmaincharacter,initiallycalledSherringfordHopeandlatercalledSherlockHolmes,wasbasedlargelyonBell.ButHolmes'firstappearancewentalmostunnoticed,andthestrugglingdoctordevotednearlyallofhissparetimetowritinglonghistoricalnovelsinthestyleofSirWalterScott—novelsthathewasconvincedwouldmakehisreputation.Itwasn'ttobe.In1888,HolmesreappearedinAScandalinBohemia,ashortstoryinStrandMagazine.Andthistime,itsherotookanimmediatehitandConanDoyle'slifewouldneverbethesame.1.ThetypicalfeaturesofSherlockHolmeswereallEXCEPTA.rational.B.sociable.C.intelligent.D.cunning.2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutConanDoyleandhisfamily?A.Hecamefromamiddle-classfamily.B.TheyledahardlifeinEdinburgh.C.Hisfatherwasaddictedtodrinking.D.Hismotherhadreceivedlittleeducation.3.HowdidConanDoylefeelabouthisfirstvisittoLondon?A.Itwashorrible.B.Itwaspleasant.C.Itwasawful.D.Itwasmemorable.4.WecaninferfromthelastparagraphthatA.themorecallusesapersonhas,themoreprofessionalhewouldbe.B.writersoftenbasetheirwritingonpersonalexperiences.C.ConanDoylehasgonethroughaperiodofhardshiponhiswaytosuccess.D.inspirationwasveryimportantforapersontocreatesomething.5.ConanDoyle'sshortstory"AScandaiinBohemia"hasprovedtobe__atlast.A.successfulB.powerfulC.ridiculousD.frustrating參照答案與解析：1．[B]細節(jié)判斷題?？疾旄柲λ沟娜宋镄愿裉匦?，定位到第l段。第1段描寫福爾摩斯是一種總是拿著卷曲煙斗、嗜好古柯堿、善于推理和偽裝的一種人，因此A、C、D選項都是對福爾摩斯這一人物特性的描繪，而選項B(社交廣的)并未在文中提及，本題是逆向選擇題，因此選項B是答案。2．[D]細節(jié)判斷題?？疾炜履系罓柕募彝ケ尘?，定位到第3段。本段提到柯南道爾出生在一種中產(chǎn)階級家庭不過生活很不輕易，也對他的父親進行了簡介。不過對于他的母親文章只提到柯南道爾給其母親寫信并未提及其母受教育狀況，因此選項D是答案。3．[D]細節(jié)判斷題?？疾炜履系罓枌惗氐挠∠?，定位到第3段。根據(jù)第3段末句可知，第一次倫敦之旅給柯南道爾留下難以磨滅的記憶，故答案D符合題意，同步排除其他三項。4．[C]細節(jié)推斷題。從最終一段的描述可知，柯南道爾在經(jīng)歷了失敗和挫折之後最終才獲得了成功，故選項C符合題意。Bell可以從手上老繭的位置來判斷一種人的職業(yè)，A誤讀了原文?？履系罓柕男≌fAStudyinScarlet以Bell為原型，但不能以此闡明作者總是根據(jù)親身經(jīng)歷來創(chuàng)作。5．[A]細節(jié)判斷題?？疾炜履系罓柕男≌f最終的成果，定位到最終一段。根據(jù)末段末句可知，柯南道爾刊登在StrandMagazine上的短篇小說AScandalinBohemia中的男主角風行一時，柯南道爾的人生也將由此發(fā)生變化．因此A選項符合題意。Itisatruthuniversallyacknowledged,thatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortunemustbeinwantofawife.Howeverlittleknownthefeelingsorviewsofsuchamanmaybeonhisfirstenteringaneighborhood,thistruthissowellfixedinthemindsofthesurroundingfamilies,thatheisconsideredtherightfulpropertyofsomeoneorotheroftheirdaughters."MydearMr.Bennet,"saidhisladytohimoneday,"haveyouheardthatNetherfieldParkisletatlast?"Mr.Bennetrepliedthathehadnot."Butitis,"returnedshe;"forMrs.Longhasjustbeenhere,andshe'toldmeallaboutit."Mr.Bennetmadenoanswer."Doyounotwanttoknowwhohastakenit?"criedhiswifeimpatiently."Youwanttotellme,andIhavenoobjectiontohearingit."Thiswasinvitationenough."Why,mydear,youmustknow,Mrs.LongsaysthatNetherfieldistakenbyayoungmanoflargefortunefromthenorthofEngland;thathecamedownonMondayinachaiseandfourtoseetheplace,andwassomuchdelightedwithit,thatheagreedwithMr.Morrisimmediately;thatheistotakepossessionbeforeMichaelmas,andsomeofhisservantsaretobeinthehousebytheendofnextweek.""Whatishisname?""Bingley.""Ishemarriedorsingle?""Oh!Single,mydear,tobesure!Asinglemanoflargefortune;fourorfivethousandayear.Whatafinethingforourgirls!""Howso?Howcanitaffectthem?""MydearMr.Bennet,"repliedhiswife,"howcanyoubesotiresome!YoumustknowthatIamthinkingofhismarryingoneofthem.""Isthathisdesigninsettlinghere?""Design!Nonsense,howcanyoutalkso!Butitisverylikelythathemayfallinlovewithoneofthem,andthereforeyoumustvisithimassoonashecomes.""Iseenooccasionforthat.Youandthegirlsmaygo,oryoumaysendthembythemselves,whichperhapswillbestillbetter,forasyouareashandsomeasanyofthem,Mr.Bingleymaylikeyouthebestoftheparty."1.Thesentence"...asinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortunemustbeinwantofawife"meansthatA.asinglemanwhoisfinanciallystableneedsawife.B.asinglemanwithoutmoneyneedn'tawife.C.womenwanttogetmarriedtofinancialstablemen.D.oncemanbecomesrich,hemustwanttogetawife.2.Accordingtothepassage,theyoungman,Mr.Bingley,isbelievedtohaveallthefollowingcharacteristicsEXCEPTA.rich.B.gentle.C.single.D.generous.3.FromtheconversationbetweenMr.andMrs.Bennet,wecanconcludethatMrs.BennetA.wantedtotellherhusbandsomethingabouttheirnewneighbor.B.wantedtogetacquaintedwiththeirnewneighbor.C.wantedtopersuadeherhusbandtoseetheyoungman.D.askedherhusband'spermissiontovisitthenewneighbor.4.Attheendofthepassage,Mr.Bennetsounded__towardhiswife'sproposal.A.hostileB.indifferentC.delightedD.annoyed5.Whatisthetoneofthepassage?A.Satirical.B.Humorous.C.Critical.D.Unclear.參照答案與解析：1．[A]句意理解題。文章首句提到，一種有錢的獨身漢，總需要一位妻子，故選項A符合題意。2．[B]細節(jié)判斷題?？疾霱r．Bingley的性格特性，從Mrs．Bennet與Mr．Bennet的對話中可以得知，Mr．Bingley是個富有、大方的獨身漢。選項A、C、D都是對這些特性的描述，本題為逆向選擇題，規(guī)定選出不符合Mr．Bingley性格特性的一項，故答案為8。3．[C]細節(jié)判斷題。文中Mrs．Bennet與Mr．Bennet談話目的就是但愿丈夫能去拜訪新的鄰居從而為她的某個女兒發(fā)明機會。故選C。4．[B]觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章最終一段可知，Mr．Bennet對太太的提議無動于衷并打趣說讓她自已帶著女兒去，或許Mr．Bingley在晚會上最喜歡她。因此選項B符合題意。5．[A]全文基調(diào)問題。本文的作者用挖苦的語言，向我們描繪了一幅母親試圖為自已女兒發(fā)明一段姻緣的場景。因此選項A符合題意。TheInternet,E-commerceandglobalizationaremakinganeweconomicerapossible.Inthefuture,capitalistmarketswilllargelybereplacedbyanewkindofeconomicsystembasedonnetworkedrelationships,contractualarrangementsandaccessrights.Hasthequalityofourlivesatwork,athomeandinourcommunitiesincreasedindirectproportiontoallthenewInternetandbusiness-to-businessInternetservicesbeingintroducedintoourlives?IhaveaskedthisquestionofhundredsofCEOSandcorporateexecutivesinEuropeandtheUnitedStates.Surprisingly,virtuallyeveryonehassaid,"No,quitecontrary."Theverypeopleresponsibleforusheringinwhatsomehavecalleda"technologicalrenaissance"saytheyareworkinglongerhours,feelmorestressed,aremoreimpatient,andareevenlesscivilintheirdealingswithcolleaguesandfriends--nottomentionstrangers.Andwhat'smorerevealing,theyplacemuchoftheblameontheverysametechnologiestheyaresoaggressivelychampioning.Thetechnogurus(領袖)promisedusthataccesswouldmakelifemoreconvenientandgiveusmoretime.Instead,theverytechnologicalwondersthatweresupposedtoliberateushavebeguntoenslaveusinawebofconnectionsfromwhichthereseemstobenoeasyescape.Ifanearliergenerationwaspreoccupiedwiththequesttoencloseavastgeographicfrontier,the.comgeneration,itseems,ismorecaughtupinthecolonizationoftime.Everysparemomentofourtimeisbeingfilledwithsomeformofcommercialconnection,makingtimeitselfthemostscarceofallresources.Oure-mail,voicemailandcellphones,our24-hourInteractnewsandentertainmentallseizeforourattention.Andwhilewehavecreatedeverykindoflabor-andtime-savingdevicetoserviceourneeds,wearebeginningtofeellikewehavelesstimeavailabletousthananyotherhumansinhistory.Thatisbecausethegreatproliferationoflabor-and-time-savingservicesonlyincreasesthediversity,paceandflowofcommodifiedactivityaroundus.Forexample,e-mailisagreatconvenience.However,wenowfindourselvesspendingmuchofourdayfranticallyrespondingtoeachother'selectronicmessages.Thecellphoneisagreattime-saver,Exceptnowwearealwayspotentiallyinreachofsomeoneelsewhowantsourattention.Socialconservativestalkaboutthedeclineincivilityandblameitonthelossofamoralcompassandreligiousvalues.Hasanyonebotheredtoaskwhetherthehyperspeedcultureismakingallofuslesspatientandlesswillingtolistenanddefer,considerandreflect?Maybeweneedtoaskwhatkindsofconnectionsreallycountandwhattypesofaccessreallymatterinthee-economyera.ffthisnewtechnologyrevolutionisonlyabouthyperefficiency,thenwerisklosingsomethingevenpreciousthantime--oursenseofwhatitmeanstobeacaringhumanbeing.1.Accordingtothepassage,corporateexecutivesthinkthatA.technologyrenaissanceshouldbepushedforward.B.technologyhasaprofoundimpactontheirlives.C.technologyactually