Unit4NaturalDisastersDiscoveringUsefulStructures定語從句課件高中英語人教版

Unit4定語從句（關(guān)系代詞）Learningobjectives:1.Tolearntheattributiveclause(定語從句).2.Toapplytheattributive

clausetoyourwriting.Thedefinition(定義）:修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句，被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。引導(dǎo)定語從句的叫關(guān)系詞，關(guān)系詞代替先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)基本句子成分:關(guān)系代詞作主語、賓語、表語或定語;關(guān)系副詞作狀語。找出下面例句的定語從句，先行詞以及關(guān)系詞在從句中所作的成分：Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.Theboywhomtheteacheroftenpraisesisourmonitor.Thereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls.Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.定語從句分類：a.限制性定語從句（therestrictiverelativeclause）:這種從句和主句的關(guān)系十分密切，寫時(shí)不用逗號(hào)分開。Whatisthenameofthetallmanwhojustcamein?

b.非限制性定語從句(thenon-restrictiverelativeclause)：這種從句和主句之間往往用逗號(hào)隔開，不用that引導(dǎo)。Beijing,whichisthecapitalofChina,hasaverylonghistory.引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞：

which，that，who，whom，whose,as注意：定語從句從來不用what引導(dǎo)1.who只能指人，在從句中作主語或賓語。如：Ateacherisapersonwhopassesknowledgetothestudent（作_______）Dannywasamanwhowerescuedfromtheruins.（作_______）2.whom只能指人，是who的賓格，在從句中作賓語，常省略。Roseisthepersonwho/whomyoushouldcareabout.（作_____）(一)限制性定語從句關(guān)系代詞的用法：主語賓語賓語3.that既可指人，又可指物，在從句中既可以作主語，又可作賓語。作賓語時(shí)可以省略，Thesuitcasethatliesonthegroundishers.（關(guān)系代詞指_____,在從句中作_______）Thenumberofpeoplethatcometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemillion.（關(guān)系代詞指_____,在從句中作_______）Thepassengerandthesuitcasesthatwerestillwaitinghadtobetransferredtoanotherplane.（關(guān)系代詞指________,在從句中作_______）4.which一般指物，在從句中可作主語，也可以作賓語,作賓語時(shí)可以省略。TheUnitedStatesisacountrywhichhasashorthistory.（在從句中作______）Thepenwhichyoufoundyesterdayismine.(在從句中作_____）物主語人主語人和物主語主語賓語5.whose可修飾人，也可修飾物，表所屬關(guān)系，whose在定語從句中作定語。Iknowthepersonwhosehousewasdestroyedintheearthquake.（關(guān)系代詞指__________,在從句中作_______）注：“whose+名詞”=“the+名詞+ofwhich/whom”或“ofwhich/whom+the+名詞”。

Theycametoahousewhosebackwallhadbrokendown.=________________________________________________He’swrittenabookthenameofwhichI’vecompletelyforgotten.=________________________________________________人定語Theycametoahousethebackwallofwhichhadbrokendown.He’swrittenabookwhosenameI’vecompletelyforgotten.6.as作關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，是指整個(gè)主句表達(dá)的內(nèi)容，意為“這…..,如……或正如……”。常指意料之中的事情，后面謂語動(dòng)詞多是see,know,expect,say,mention,report等.（asweknow=asisknown,asweexpect=asisexpected）Wewonthematch,aswehadexpected.注意下面的習(xí)慣用法：asiswelldiscussed正如已討論過的asisoftensaid正如通常所說asisoftenthecase通常就是這樣asoftenhappens如同經(jīng)常所發(fā)生的那樣（二）使用關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)應(yīng)注意的幾點(diǎn)

1.只能用that，而不用which引導(dǎo)定語從句的情況：①先行詞是不定代詞all,few,little,something,nothing,anything或被all,few,little等修飾。Allthathetoldmeistrue.Iwilltellyousomethingthathetoldme.②先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾。ThisisthesecondclassroomthatIamin.ThisisthemostdeliciousfoodthatIhaveeverhad.先行詞被theonly(唯一的),thevery(恰恰),thelast(最后的)等修飾。ThisistheveryclassthatIamlookingfor.Theonlythingthatshecoulddowastogotothepoliceforhelp.（二）使用關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)應(yīng)注意的幾點(diǎn)

1.只能用that，而不用which引導(dǎo)定語從句的情況：③先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。Sometimesweshouldignorethepersonsandthingsthatupsetus.Theforeignguestsspokehighlyofthechildrenandtheirshowsthattheysawinthekindergarten.2.只能用which而不用that引導(dǎo)定語從句的情況①引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)。Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.②當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)。ThisisthehouseinwhichMoYanoncelived.Exercise:I.用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞填空1.Thisisthebag_________mymotherboughtyesterday.2.Theman________livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.3.Theonlylanguage_______iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.

4.Thegirlhandedeverything________shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.5.Thebuilding_________walliswhiteismyuncle’shouse.that/whichwho/thatthatthatwhose6.Thisisthebestbook_______Ihavebeenlookingforallthisyear.7.Heisahero_____________

weshouldlearnfrom.8.Hewaslateagain,_________madehisteacherangry.9.Hestillrememberedallthepeopleandthings________excitedhiminhisseniorschool.10._______wecansee,seldomcanweseestudentsworkoutinthegym.thatwhom/who/thatwhichthatAs11.Thereweredeepcracks___________appearedinthewellwalls.12.Twothirdsofthepeople_____livedthereweredeadorinjured.13.Thenumberofpeople_______werekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.14.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivors__________homeshadbeendestroyed.15.Elevenkilometresdirectlybelowthecity,oneofthemostdeadlyearthquakeofthe20thcenturyhadbegun,aquake__________evencauseddamagemorethan150kilometresawayinBeijing.that\whichwhowhowhosethat\whichII.合并句子1.Ihaveafriend.Hesingswell.__________________________________________________________.2.ThemanwasAmerican.Ispoketohimyesterday._________________________________________________________.3.Ican’tfindthehouse.Myfriendlivesinit._________________________________________________________.4.Iknowthebestbook.Itcanbefoundinthatbookstore.__________________________________________________________.5.Thisisthehouse.Itswalliswhite.__________________________________________________________.Ihaveafriendwho/thatsingswell.Themanwho/whom/that//IspoketoyesterdaywasAmerican.Ican’tfindthehousewhich/that//myfriendlivesin.Iknowthebestbookthatcanbefoundinthatbookstore.Thisisthehousewhosewalliswhite.III.翻譯句子1.Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.__________________________________________________________.2.Nobodywantsthehousewhoseroofhasfallenin._________________________________________________________.3.Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesthemeaningsofwords.__________________________________________________________.4.ThedaysthatIspenttogetherwithherarereallyunfo