必修一 Welcome Unit 單元培優(yōu)綜合測試卷（解析版） -2025年新高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)筑基培優(yōu)方案（人教版2019）

必修一WelcomeUnit單元培優(yōu)綜合測試卷第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A（2024·陜西安康·模擬預(yù)測）WearedelightedtoconfirmthatyourapplicationforMasterofMaterialsResearchatQueenMaryUniversityofLondon(QMUL)hasbeensuccessful.Detailsofyourofferarelistedbelow.EnglishLanguageRequirementsPassIELTS(Academic)withascoreof6.5including6.0inwritingand5.5oraboveinallothercomponents.OrpassanacceptableEnglishlanguagetestfoundonourwebpages:https://www.qmul.ac.uk/international-students/englishlanguagerequirements/.ExpectedAcademicStandardWenormallycalculatethefinaloverallmarkofdegreesusingtheweightedaveragemethod.Thismeansthatwewilltakeintoaccountthecreditvalueofallmodules(單元)(fromallyears)thathavebeencredited.Formodulemarksthatusearange,wewillusethemid-pointoftherangeforourfinalaveragecalculation.Pleasenotethisofferisalsoconditionalonyouracademicdegreebeingawardedwithallfinalyearmodulesat70%orabove.OfferHolderDayLoginnowtoyourapplicantportal(門戶網(wǎng)站)tobookyourplaceononeofourofferholderevents.Hereyouwillbeabletofindoutmoreabouttheschoolyouhaveappliedto,speakdirectlytostudentsandstaffandexperiencethequalityofteachinginoneofourtasterlectures.Deposit(訂金)InordertosecureyourplaceatQueenMaryUniversityofLondon,inadditiontomeetingyourconditionsofoffer,youwillberequiredtopayadepositof￡2,000(2,000GBP)towardsyourtuitionfee.1．WhatscoreshouldyougetatleastinIELTSwritingifyouwanttobeaccepted?A．5.5. B．6.0. C．6.5. D．7.0.2．Howwillthefinaloverallmarkofdegreesbeworkedout?A．Byapplyingtheweightedaveragemethod.B．Bymeasuringcreditsofallmodules.C．Byreferringtothemid-pointoftherange.D．Bycalculating70%ofthefinalmarks.3．WhatcanyoudoonOfferHolderDay?A．Givealecture. B．Payadeposit.C．Talkwithfellowstudents. D．Signupforasport.【答案】1．B2．A3．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章大意是通知申請者他們的材料研究碩士課程申請已經(jīng)成功，并列出了一些錄取條件和要求。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EnglishLanguageRequirements中的“PassIELTS(Academic)withascoreof6.5including6.0inwriting(通過雅思學(xué)術(shù)類考試，總分達(dá)到6.5分，其中寫作部分達(dá)到6.0分)”可知，要想被倫敦瑪麗女王大學(xué)錄取，IELTS寫作至少需要獲得6.0分。故選B。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ExpectedAcademicStandard中的“Wenormallycalculatethefinaloverallmarkofdegreesusingtheweightedaveragemethod(我們通常使用加權(quán)平均法來計(jì)算學(xué)位的最終總成績)”可知，拿到學(xué)位的最終總分是通過“加權(quán)平均法（theweightedaveragemethod）”獲得的。故選A。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OfferHolderDay中的“Hereyouwillbeabletofindoutmoreabouttheschoolyouhaveappliedto,speakdirectlytostudentsandstaffandexperiencethequalityofteachinginoneofourtasterlectures.(在這里，您將能夠更深入地了解您所申請的學(xué)校，直接與學(xué)生和教職員工交談，并在我們的一節(jié)試聽課中體驗(yàn)教學(xué)質(zhì)量。)”可知，在OfferHolderDay可以與同學(xué)聊天。故選C。B（2024·湖南懷化·一模）DuetothefactthattheaveragelifeexpectancyinGhanais64yearsold,andthemostcommoncausesofdeatharelargelytreatableconditions,suchasmalaria,stroke,andrespiratoryinfections.Boateng,growingupinasmallvillageinsouthernGhana/strugglingtoaccessbasichealthcare,feltanurgentcalltohelpanddecidedhewouldmakeithislife’smissiontobringhealthcaretoremotecommunitiesinGhana.Boatengworkedhardinschool,gettingascholarshiptostudybiologyatCornellUniversityintheUS,andultimatelyearnedhismaster’sinHealthcareAdministration.Laterhestartedhisnonprofit,OKBHopeFoundation,andconvertedavanintoamobiledoctor’sofficecalledtheHopeHealthVantobringhealthcaredirectlytothoseinneedin2021.Afewtimesaweek,themobileclinicandmedicalteamtravellongdistancestoremotecommunitiesinGhanaandprovidefreeroutinemedicalcare.Oneachtrip,Boateng’steamconsistsofanurse,aphysician’sassistant,adoctor,andanoperationassistant.Inthevan,theycanrunbasiclabslikebloodworkandurinalysisaswellasprescribeandprovidemedications.“It’slikeaone-stopshopforpeople,”saidBoateng,addingthatmostofthepeopletheyseehaveonehealthissueoranother.Sinceitslaunch,BoatengsaystheHopeHealthVanhasservedmorethan4,000Ghanaiansacrossmorethan45ruralcommunitieswhootherwisedon’thaveeasilyaccessiblemedicalcare.Tosupplementthemobileclinic,Boateng’sorganizationhasalsotrained20volunteerstoserveaslocalhealthadvocates.Theycheckpeople’svitalsandprovidethemedicalteamwithtimelydataforassessinghowtomoveforwardwithcareandtreatment,especiallyforthosewhosehealthisatrisk.Inthefuture,Boatenghopestoexpandtoprovidemoreconsistentandhigh-qualitymedicalcarenotonlytothoselivinginremoteareasofGhanabutinothercountriesaswell.“Ibelievethatourmodelcanbereplicatedinsub-SaharanAfrica,”hesaid.4．WhatinspiredBoatengtosethislifegoal?A．Hewantedtogetascholarship.B．Manylocalsdiedofdeadlydiseases.C．Thebirthplaceofhimwassmallandpoor.D．Basichealthcarewasinaccessibleforlocals.5．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．HowBoateng’steamfunctions. B．WhyBoateng’steamwasfounded.C．WhatBoateng’steamhasachieved. D．WhereBoateng’steamhastravelled.6．WhatisBoateng’sattitudetohisteaminthefuture?A．Ambiguous. B．Ambitious. C．Indifferent. D．Doubtful.7．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．AvanbringingmedicalcaretothousandsB．AcountrylackingbasichealthcareC．EffortstoprovidepeoplewithmedicationsD．MobilevanstravellingthroughGhana【答案】4．D5．A6．B7．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過敘述Boateng的個(gè)人故事，展示了他如何致力于改善加納偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的基本醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)，并期望將這種模式復(fù)制到其他國家。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Boateng,growingupinasmallvillageinsouthernGhana/strugglingtoaccessbasichealthcare,feltanurgentcalltohelpanddecidedhewouldmakeithislife’smissiontobringhealthcaretoremotecommunitiesinGhana.(Boateng在加納南部的一個(gè)小村莊長大，很難獲得基本的醫(yī)療保健，他感到迫切需要幫助，并決定把為加納偏遠(yuǎn)社區(qū)提供醫(yī)療保健作為自己的一生使命。)”可知，Boateng在加納南部的一個(gè)小村莊長大，很難獲得基本的醫(yī)療保健，因此感到迫切需要幫助，所以Boateng決定把為加納偏遠(yuǎn)社區(qū)提供醫(yī)療保健作為自己的一生使命。故選D。5．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“Afewtimesaweek,themobileclinicandmedicalteamtravellongdistancestoremotecommunitiesinGhanaandprovidefreeroutinemedicalcare.Oneachtrip,Boateng’steamconsistsofanurse,aphysician’sassistant,adoctor,andanoperationassistant.Inthevan,theycanrunbasiclabslikebloodworkandurinalysisaswellasprescribeandprovidemedications.“It’slikeaone-stopshopforpeople,”saidBoateng,addingthatmostofthepeopletheyseehaveonehealthissueoranother.(流動診所和醫(yī)療隊(duì)每周幾次長途跋涉前往加納的偏遠(yuǎn)社區(qū)，提供免費(fèi)的常規(guī)醫(yī)療服務(wù)。每次旅行，Boateng的團(tuán)隊(duì)都由一名護(hù)士、一名醫(yī)師助理、一名醫(yī)生和一名手術(shù)助理組成。在這輛面包車?yán)?，他們可以進(jìn)行血液檢查和尿液分析等基本實(shí)驗(yàn)室，也可以開處方和提供藥物。Boateng說：“這對人們來說就像一站式商店?！彼a(bǔ)充說，他們看到的大多數(shù)人都有這樣或那樣的健康問題。)”可知，第三段主要講述的Boateng團(tuán)隊(duì)的運(yùn)作方式，如行醫(yī)頻率、團(tuán)隊(duì)組成和工作細(xì)則等。故選A。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Inthefuture,Boatenghopestoexpandtoprovidemoreconsistentandhigh-qualitymedicalcarenotonlytothoselivinginremoteareasofGhanabutinothercountriesaswell.“Ibelievethatourmodelcanbereplicatedinsub-SaharanAfrica,”hesaid.(未來，Boateng希望擴(kuò)大規(guī)模，不僅為生活在加納偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的人們，也為其他國家的人們提供更加穩(wěn)定和高質(zhì)量的醫(yī)療服務(wù)?！拔蚁嘈盼覀兊哪Ｊ娇梢栽谌龉阅戏侵迯?fù)制，”他說。)”可知，Boateng希望未來不僅為生活在加納偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的人們，也為其他國家的人們提供更加穩(wěn)定和高質(zhì)量的醫(yī)療服務(wù)。由此可知，Boateng表達(dá)了他對自己團(tuán)隊(duì)的期望和愿景，他提到“我們有一個(gè)更大的愿景——將這種模式復(fù)制到非洲其他國家”。這表明他對團(tuán)隊(duì)的未來持有雄心勃勃的態(tài)度，希望他們能夠在更廣泛的范圍內(nèi)取得成功和產(chǎn)生影響。故選B。7．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Boatengworkedhardinschool,gettingascholarshiptostudybiologyatCornellUniversityintheUS,andultimatelyearnedhismaster’sinHealthcareAdministration.Laterhestartedhisnonprofit,OKBHopeFoundation,andconvertedavanintoamobiledoctor’sofficecalledtheHopeHealthVantobringhealthcaredirectlytothoseinneedin2021.(Boateng在學(xué)校努力學(xué)習(xí)，獲得了美國康奈爾大學(xué)生物學(xué)專業(yè)的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，并最終獲得了醫(yī)療管理碩士學(xué)位。后來，他創(chuàng)辦了自己的非營利組織OKB希望基金會，并將一輛面包車改裝成移動醫(yī)生辦公室，名為“HopeHealthVan”，于2021年直接為有需要的人提供醫(yī)療服務(wù)。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文本主要講述了Boateng通過他的非營利組織以及HopeHealthVan來改善加納偏遠(yuǎn)社區(qū)的醫(yī)療保健服務(wù)的努力。這輛車直接為有需要的人提供醫(yī)療服務(wù)，為加納多個(gè)農(nóng)村社區(qū)的超過4000人提供服務(wù)。因此，選項(xiàng)A“Avanbringingmedicalcaretothousands(一輛為數(shù)千人帶來醫(yī)療服務(wù)的車)”準(zhǔn)確地概括了文本的主要內(nèi)容和重點(diǎn)。故選A。C（2024·江蘇南通·三模）Inarecentstudyofhealthyvolunteers,NationalInstitutesofHealthresearchersdiscoveredthatourbrainsmayreplaymemoriesoflearningnewskillswhenwerest.NIHresearchershavemappedoutthebrainactivitythatflowswhenwelearnanewskill,suchasplayinganewsongonthepiano,andfoundthatduringshortrestthevolunteers’brainsrapidlyandrepeatedlyreplayedfasterversionsoftheactivityseenwhiletheypracticedtypingacode.Themoreavolunteerreplayedtheactivitythebettertheyperformedduringsubsequentpracticesessions.ThestudywasconductedattheNIHClinicalCenter.TheteamofDr.Cohen,M.D．,seniorinvestigatorattheNIH’sNationalInstituteofNeurologicalDisordersandStroke(NINDS),usedahighlysensitivescanningtechniquetorecordthebrainwavesof33healthy,right-handedvolunteersastheylearnedtotypeafive-digittestcodewiththeirlefthands.Thesubjectssatinachairandunderthescanner’slong,cone-shapedcap.Anexperimentbeganwhenasubjectwasshownthecode“41234”onascreenandaskedtotypeitoutasmanytimesaspossiblefor10secondsandthentakea10secondbreak.Subjectswereaskedtorepeatthiscycleofalternating(交替的)practiceandrestsessionsatotalof35times.Duringthefirstfewtrials,thespeedatwhichsubjectscorrectlytypedthecodeimproveddramaticallyandthenleveledoffaroundthe11thcycle.Inapreviousstudy,Dr.Cohen’steamshowedthatmostofthesegainshappenedduringshortrests,andnotwhenthesubjectsweretyping.Moreover,thegainsweregreaterthanthosemadeafteranight’ssleepandwererelatedwithadecreaseinthesizeofbrainwaves,calledbetarhythms.Inthisnewreport,theresearcherssearchedforsomethingdifferentinthesubjects’brainwaves.“Wewantedtoexplorethemechanisms(機(jī)制)behindmemorystrengtheningseenduringwakefulrest.Severalformsofmemoryappeartorelyonthereplayingofneural(神經(jīng)的)activity,sowedecidedtotestthisideaoutforproceduralskilllearning,”saidEthanR.Buch,Ph.D．,astaffscientistonDr.Cohen’steamandleaderofthestudy.Todothis,Dr.Buchdevelopedacomputerprogramwhichallowedtheteamtounderstandthebrainwaveactivityassociatedwithtypingeachnumberinthetestcode.Interestingly,theyfoundthatthemoreavolunteerreplayed,thebettertheirperformancewas.“Wewereabitsurprisedbytheselastresults.Overall,ourresultssupporttheideathatthereplayactivityduringwakingrestmaybeapowerfultoolthatresearcherscanusetohelpindividualslearnnewskillsfasterandpossiblyfacilitaterecoveryfromstroke.”saidDr.Cohen.8．WhathaveNIHresearchersrecentlyfound?A．Thebrainactivityslowlyflowswhenwelearnanewskill.B．Thevalueofshortpracticesessionscan’tbeoverestimated.C．Shortrestmakesnodifferencetotheneuralreplayoftheactivity.D．Thefrequencyofbrainreplaycontributestopracticeperformances.9．WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph3?A．Theprocessoftheresearch.B．Thefacilitiesoftheresearch.C．Theapplicationoftheresearch.D．Thepreparationsoftheresearch.10．WhydidDr.Buchdevelopacomputerprogram?A．Todistinguishthefirst11cyclesfromthelaterones.B．Toconfirmtheroleofneuralreplayinskilllearning.C．Toexplorethepotentialeffectsofprocedurallearning.D．Tofindoutthereasonsforthechangesinbrainwaves.11．WhatdoesDr.Cohenthinkoftheresearchfindings?A．Acceptable.B．Promising.C．Shallow.D．Dismissive.【答案】8．D9．A10．B11．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹一研究中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)人們休息時(shí)，大腦可能會重放學(xué)習(xí)新技能的記憶。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“NIHresearchershavemappedoutthebrainactivitythatflowswhenwelearnanewskill,suchasplayinganewsongonthepiano,andfoundthatduringshortrestthevolunteers’brainsrapidlyandrepeatedlyreplayedfasterversionsoftheactivityseenwhiletheypracticedtypingacode.Themoreavolunteerreplayedtheactivitythebettertheyperformedduringsubsequentpracticesessions.(美國國立衛(wèi)生研究院的研究人員繪制出了我們學(xué)習(xí)一項(xiàng)新技能時(shí)的大腦活動，比如在鋼琴上彈奏一首新歌。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在短暫的休息期間，志愿者的大腦會快速地、反復(fù)地重播他們練習(xí)打字時(shí)看到的更快版本的活動。志愿者重復(fù)練習(xí)的次數(shù)越多，他們在隨后的練習(xí)中表現(xiàn)就越好)”可知，美國國立衛(wèi)生研究院的研究人員最近發(fā)現(xiàn)大腦回放的頻率有助于練習(xí)表現(xiàn)。故選D。9．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“ThestudywasconductedattheNIHClinicalCenter.TheteamofDr.Cohen,M.D.,seniorinvestigatorattheNIH’sNationalInstituteofNeurologicalDisordersandStroke(NINDS),usedahighlysensitivescanningtechniquetorecordthebrainwavesof33healthy,right-handedvolunteersastheylearnedtotypeafive-digittestcodewiththeirlefthands.Thesubjectssatinachairandunderthescanner’slong,cone-shapedcap.Anexperimentbeganwhenasubjectwasshownthecode“41234”onascreenandaskedtotypeitoutasmanytimesaspossiblefor10secondsandthentakea10secondbreak.Subjectswereaskedtorepeatthiscycleofalternating(交替的)practiceandrestsessionsatotalof35times.(這項(xiàng)研究在美國國立衛(wèi)生研究院臨床中心進(jìn)行?？贫鞑┦渴敲绹鴩⑿l(wèi)生研究院國家神經(jīng)疾病和中風(fēng)研究所(NINDS)的高級研究員，他的團(tuán)隊(duì)使用了一種高度敏感的掃描技術(shù)，記錄了33名健康的右撇子志愿者在學(xué)習(xí)用左手輸入五位數(shù)測試代碼時(shí)的腦電波。受試者坐在椅子上，在掃描儀的長錐形帽下。實(shí)驗(yàn)開始時(shí)，受試者在屏幕上看到代碼“41234”，并被要求在10秒內(nèi)盡可能多地輸入該代碼，然后休息10秒。受試者被要求重復(fù)這種交替練習(xí)和休息的循環(huán)，總共35次)”可知，本段在介紹研究的過程。故選A。10．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段““Wewantedtoexplorethemechanisms(機(jī)制)behindmemorystrengtheningseenduringwakefulrest.Severalformsofmemoryappeartorelyonthereplayingofneural(神經(jīng)的)activity,sowedecidedtotestthisideaoutforproceduralskilllearning,”saidEthanR.Buch,Ph.D.,astaffscientistonDr.Cohen’steamandleaderofthestudy.Todothis,Dr.Buchdevelopedacomputerprogramwhichallowedtheteamtounderstandthebrainwaveactivityassociatedwithtypingeachnumberinthetestcode.(“我們想探索清醒休息期間記憶增強(qiáng)背后的機(jī)制。有幾種形式的記憶似乎依賴于神經(jīng)活動的重演，所以我們決定在程序技能學(xué)習(xí)中驗(yàn)證這個(gè)想法，”科恩團(tuán)隊(duì)的一名科學(xué)家、該研究的負(fù)責(zé)人EthanR.Buch博士說。為了做到這一點(diǎn)，布赫博士開發(fā)了一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)程序，使團(tuán)隊(duì)能夠了解與輸入測試代碼中的每個(gè)數(shù)字相關(guān)的腦電波活動)”可知，Buch博士要開發(fā)一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)程序是為了確認(rèn)神經(jīng)重放在技能學(xué)習(xí)中的作用。故選B。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Interestingly,theyfoundthatthemoreavolunteerreplayed,thebettertheirperformancewas.“Wewereabitsurprisedbytheselastresults.Overall,ourresultssupporttheideathatthereplayactivityduringwakingrestmaybeapowerfultoolthatresearcherscanusetohelpindividualslearnnewskillsfasterandpossiblyfacilitaterecoveryfromstroke.”saidDr.Cohen.(有趣的是，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)志愿者重復(fù)播放的次數(shù)越多，他們的表現(xiàn)就越好?！拔覀儗ψ詈蟮慕Y(jié)果感到有點(diǎn)驚訝?？偟膩碚f，我們的研究結(jié)果支持這樣一種觀點(diǎn)，即在清醒休息期間的重放活動可能是一種強(qiáng)大的工具，研究人員可以使用它來幫助個(gè)人更快地學(xué)習(xí)新技能，并可能促進(jìn)中風(fēng)后的恢復(fù)。”Cohen博士說)”可推知，Cohen博士對研究結(jié)果是認(rèn)同的。故選A。D（23-24高三下·河南焦作·階段練習(xí)）CarlWieman,aNobelPrize-winningphysicistatStandfordUniversity,excelledinthelab,wherehecreatedtheBose-Einsteincondensate(玻色—愛因斯坦凝聚態(tài)).However,hismasteryinthelabdidnotextendtotheclassroom.Foryears,hewrestledwithwhatseemedtobeastraightforwardtask:makingundergraduatescomprehendphysicsashedid.Layingitoutforthem—explaining,evendemonstratingthecoreconceptsofthediscipline—wasnotworking.Despitehisclearexplanations,hisstudents’capacitytosolvetheproblemsheposedtothemremainedinadequate.Itwasinanunexpectedplacethathefoundthekeytotheproblem:notinhisclassroomsbutamongthegraduatestudents(研究生)whocametoworkinhislab.WhenhisPH.D．candidatesenteredthelab,Wiemannoticed,theirhabitsofthoughtwerenolessnarrowandrigidthantheundergraduates.Withinayearortwo,however,thesesamegraduatestudentstransformedintotheflexiblethinkershewastryingsoearnestly,andunsuccessfully,tocultivate.“Somekindofintellectualprocessmusthavebeenmissingfromthetraditionaleducation,”Wiemanrecounts.Amajorfactorinthegraduatestudents’transformation,Wiemanconcluded,wastheirexperienceofintensesocialengagementaroundabodyofknowledge—thehourstheyspentadvising,debatingwith,andrecountinganecdotestooneanother.In2019,astudypublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesbackedthisidea.Trackingtheintellectualadvancementofseveralhundredgraduatestudentsinthesciencesoverthecourseoffouryears,itsauthorsfoundthatthedevelopmentofcrucialskillssuchasgeneratinghypotheses(假設(shè)),designingexperiments,andanalyzingdatawascloselyrelatedtothestudents’engagementwiththeirpeersinthelab,ratherthantheguidancetheyreceivedfromtheirfacultymentors(導(dǎo)師).WiemanisoneofagrowingnumberofStanfordprofessorswhoarebringingthis“activelearning”approachtotheircourses.Hisaspirationistomovescienceeducationawayfromthelectureformat,towardamodelthatismoreactiveandmoreengaged.12．WhatproblemdidCarlWiemanhavewithhisundergraduates?A．Makingthemexcelinthelab. B．Demonstratinglabexperiments.C．Facilitatingtheirall-rounddevelopment. D．Enhancingtheirphysicsproblem-solving.13．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthegraduatestudentswhofirstjoinedWieman’slab?A．Limitedinthinking. B．Resistanttonewideas.C．Flexibleandearnest. D．Experiencedandcooperative.14．Whatiscrucialfordevelopingstudents’intelligentthoughtaccordingtothe2019study?A．Intenselabwork. B．Peerpressureandevaluation.C．Academicinteractionwithfellows. D．Engagementwithexternalsociety.15．Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TransformingGraduates’Habits B．CarlWieman’sNobelPrizeJourneyC．TheNobel-PrizeWinner’sStruggles D．CarlWieman’sEducationInnovation【答案】12．D13．A14．C15．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲得者美國斯坦福大學(xué)教授CarlWieman試圖幫助本科生提高解決問題的能力而進(jìn)行了教學(xué)創(chuàng)新，將“主動學(xué)習(xí)”的方法引入課程，希望將科學(xué)教育從講座形式轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐环N更加積極和更加投入的模式。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容“Despitehisclearexplanations,hisstudents’capacitytosolvetheproblemsheposedtothemremainedinadequate.(盡管他解釋得很清楚，但他的學(xué)生解決他提出的問題的能力仍然不足)”可知，他的學(xué)生（本科生）仍然無法提高解決他提出的問題的能力，即他在提高學(xué)生的物理解題能力方面遇到了問題。故選D項(xiàng)。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容“WhenhisPH.D.candidatesenteredthelab,Wiemannoticed,theirhabitsofthoughtwerenolessnarrowandrigidthantheundergraduates.(Wieman注意到，當(dāng)他的博士候選人，即，研究生們進(jìn)入實(shí)驗(yàn)室時(shí)，他們的思維習(xí)慣和本科生一樣狹隘和僵化)”可知，初入實(shí)驗(yàn)室時(shí)的他們思維習(xí)慣和本科生一樣狹隘和僵化。由此推知，選項(xiàng)A“Limitedinthinking.(思維有限)”是對剛開始進(jìn)入實(shí)驗(yàn)室的研究生的描述。故選A項(xiàng)。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“Trackingtheintellectualadvancementofseveralhundredgraduatestudentsinthesciencesoverthecourseoffouryears,itsauthorsfoundthatthedevelopmentofcrucialskillssuchasgeneratinghypotheses,designingexperiments,andanalyzingdatawascloselyrelatedtothestudents’engagementwiththeirpeersinthelab…(該報(bào)告的作者在四年的時(shí)間里追蹤了數(shù)百名科學(xué)研究生的智力發(fā)展，發(fā)現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵技能的發(fā)展，如提出假設(shè)、設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)和分析數(shù)據(jù)，與學(xué)生在實(shí)驗(yàn)室與同齡人的互動密切相關(guān)……)”可知，2019年的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵技能的發(fā)展，比如提出假設(shè)、設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)和分析數(shù)據(jù)等這些思維方面的關(guān)鍵技能，與學(xué)生在實(shí)驗(yàn)室與同齡人的互動密切相關(guān)。故選C項(xiàng)。15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的總結(jié)“WiemanisoneofagrowingnumberofStanfordprofessorswhoarebringingthis“activelearning”approachtotheircourses.Hisaspirationistomovescienceeducationawayfromthelectureformat,towardamodelthatismoreactiveandmoreengaged.(越來越多的斯坦福大學(xué)教授將這種“主動學(xué)習(xí)”的方法引入他們的課程，Wieman就是其中之一。他的愿望是將科學(xué)教育從講座形式轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐环N更加積極和更加投入的模式)”可知，文章主要講述了CarlWieman在教學(xué)中發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)生的思維能力和解決問題的能力較差，并找到了解決方案——在實(shí)驗(yàn)室的研究生身上發(fā)現(xiàn)思維能力的提升關(guān)鍵是和同伴進(jìn)行的學(xué)術(shù)交流，從而將“主動學(xué)習(xí)”的方法引入課程。由此可知，選項(xiàng)D“CarlWieman’sEducationInnovation(CarlWieman的教育創(chuàng)新)”適合作本文標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。（2024·湖北黃岡·三模）Inourmoderneconomy,acceleratedlearningcanbecrucialforsuccess.Learningfastermeansgainingmoreknowledge—quickerthanothers.16Anyonecanlearnfromthemandacceleratetheirlearningprocesswiththefollowingtechniques.CombineLearningStylesThatPlaytoYourStrengthsWhenyouaimtoaccelerateyourlearning,whatyouchoosetolearnshouldnotbelimitedtoacurriculumorclassroomstructure.17Differentmaterialsalongwithyourlearningstylecanaccelerateorslowdownyourcomprehensionprocess.Thebestlearningstyleistheonethatmakesiteasiertoprocess,orcomprehendideas,andsubjectsfaster.Onceyouknowyourlearningstrengthsandweaknesses,youcanchooselearningstrategiesthatplaytoyourstrengths.SeekFirsttoUnderstandTheBasicStructureofTheTopicYouChoose18Soyouneedtoseekfirsttounderstandthebasics.Inotherwords,youhavetogettoknowthetree’sroot,trunk,thenbranchoutfromthere.Don’tstartfromthebranchesortheleaves,pursuetherootandworkyourwaytothetopic.Therefore,whatevertopicyouchoosetolearnorstudy,juststartwiththebasics.GiveYourselfPlentyofTimeinBoth“Focused”And“Diffused”(分散的)ModesNormally,thehumanbrainisnotmeanttostayin“focused”modeforhoursatatime.19Consequently,whenyourbrainisactiveforaverylongtime,you’reactuallyblockingyouraccesstothediffusedmode—amorerelaxedstate.Therefore,diffusedmodeisjustasvaluableasthefocusedmode.So—justtakebreaks,letyourmindwander,thinkaboutotherthings,andgiveyourbrainplentyoftimetomakebetterconnections.20A．Youcanbenefitalotfromstayingfocused.B．Smartlearnersdon’thaveanyspecialsecrets.C．Youshouldtrytochoosewhateveryoulikebest.D．Everytopicorsubjecthasalogicalstructuretoit.E．Thenyoucanlearnbetterbyimposingbreaksonyourself.F．Long-lastingattentiontoasingletaskcanblockmemoryandrecall.G．Youcanpracticallychoosecontentfrommanysources,experts,andauthors.【答案】16．B17．G18．D19．F20．E【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些技巧以幫助人們更加有效地進(jìn)行快速學(xué)習(xí)。16．根據(jù)空后的“Anyonecanlearnfromthemandacceleratetheirlearningprocesswiththefollowingtechniques.(任何人都可以向他們學(xué)習(xí)，并通過以下技巧加速他們的學(xué)習(xí)過程)”可推測，空處提到了一些會快速學(xué)習(xí)的人。選項(xiàng)B“Smartlearnersdon’thaveanyspecialsecrets.(聰明的學(xué)習(xí)者沒有什么特別的秘密。)”中的“Smartlearners”與下文的“them”保持一致，內(nèi)容上也自然引出下文內(nèi)容。故選B。17．根據(jù)標(biāo)題“CombineLearningStylesThatPlaytoYourStrengths(結(jié)合能發(fā)揮你優(yōu)勢的學(xué)習(xí)方式)”以及空前的“Whenyouaimtoaccelerateyourlearning,whatyouchoosetolearnshouldnotbelimitedtoacurriculumorclassroomstructure.(當(dāng)你的目標(biāo)是加速你的學(xué)習(xí)，你選擇學(xué)習(xí)不應(yīng)該局限于課程或課堂結(jié)構(gòu))”可知，我們可以選擇學(xué)習(xí)課程或課堂之外的內(nèi)容；而下文“Differentmaterialsalongwithyourlearningstylecanaccelerateorslowdownyourcomprehensionprocess.(根據(jù)你的學(xué)習(xí)方式選擇不同的材料可以加速或減緩你的理解過程)”則指出不同的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容選擇不同的學(xué)習(xí)方式。選項(xiàng)G“Youcanpracticallychoosecontentfrommanysources,experts,andauthors.(實(shí)際上，您可以從許多來源、專家和作者中選擇內(nèi)容。)”與上下文內(nèi)容一致，指的是選擇不同的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容，并采用適當(dāng)?shù)膶W(xué)習(xí)方式。故選G。18．根據(jù)下文“Soyouneedtoseekfirsttounderstandthebasics.Inotherwords,youhavetogettoknowthetree’sroot,trunk,thenbranchoutfromthere.Don’tstartfromthebranchesortheleaves,pursuetherootandworkyourwaytothetopic.Therefore,whatevertopicyouchoosetolearnorstudy,juststartwiththebasics.(所以你需要先了解基礎(chǔ)知識。換句話說，你必須了解樹的根，樹干，然后從那里伸出樹枝。不要從枝葉入手，要追根溯源，直達(dá)主題。因此，無論你選擇學(xué)習(xí)或研究什么主題，都要從基礎(chǔ)開始)”可知，我們要了解自己所學(xué)內(nèi)容的結(jié)構(gòu)。選項(xiàng)D“Everytopicorsubjecthasalogicalstructuretoit.(每個(gè)話題或主題都有一個(gè)邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)。)”自然引出下文內(nèi)容，指出每個(gè)話題或主題都有一個(gè)邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)，所以我們應(yīng)該了解自己所學(xué)內(nèi)容的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D。19．根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Normally,thehumanbrainisnotmeanttostayin“focused”modeforhoursatatime.(正常情況下，人類的大腦不會一次保持幾個(gè)小時(shí)的“專注”模式)”可知，人類大腦不會一直保持專注。選項(xiàng)F“Long-lastingattentiontoasingletaskcanblockmemoryandrecall.(長時(shí)間專注于一項(xiàng)任務(wù)會阻礙記憶和回憶。)”與上文內(nèi)容一致，指的是人類大腦不能一直保持專注，同時(shí)引出下文“Consequently,whenyourbrainisactiveforaverylongtime,you’reactuallyblockingyouraccesstothediffusedmode—amorerelaxedstate.(因此，當(dāng)你的大腦長時(shí)間處于活躍狀態(tài)時(shí)，你實(shí)際上是在阻礙你進(jìn)入擴(kuò)散模式——一種更放松的狀態(tài))”。故選F。20．根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Therefore,diffusedmodeisjustasvaluableasthefocusedmode.So—justtakebreaks,letyourmindwander,thinkaboutotherthings,andgiveyourbrainplentyoftimetomakebetterconnections.(因此，擴(kuò)散模式和聚焦模式一樣有價(jià)值。所以，只要休息一下，讓你的思想游離，想想其他事情，給你的大腦足夠的時(shí)間來建立更好的聯(lián)系)”可知，上文提出我們應(yīng)該勞逸結(jié)合。選項(xiàng)E“Thenyoucanlearnbetterbyimposingbreaksonyourself.(然后你可以通過給自己一些休息時(shí)間來學(xué)得更好。)”與上文內(nèi)容相符，指出休息會讓學(xué)習(xí)效果更好。故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。（2024·廣東江門·二模）Spanishclassscaredmeinthefreshmanyear.IknewlittleSpanishbeforestartingtheclass,andIthoughtitwouldbe21forme.However,Mary,ourhonoredSpanishteacher,whowasfullofcreativity,madeherclassfunfromthebeginning.Iknewwhattoexpectwithascheduleforeachweek,buttherewasalwayssomeslight22.Beforetheexam,Maryoftenaskedusto23ourlessonsbyourselves.ButIcouldrememberonedayshesaid,“Thistime,let’splayagamebeforegoingoverwhatyou’velearned.”Thegamewassointerestingthatweall24ourselves.Aftertheexam,Marygaveusopportunitiestomakeupforour25.Aftereacherrorcorrection,shewouldcheckagain.Shetookthingsso26thatshewouldn’toverlookanydetail.Nowondershewas27byus.Marywas28andwillingtohelp,withinreason,oneverything.Wecouldaskherquestionsatanytime.SheencouragedeveryonetospeakSpanishinclass.Becauseofthat,Iwas29enough,andthenIcouldcommunicatewithSpanishspeakersoutsideofclass.Whensheknewourproblems,shewouldgiveadvice.Whensomeonewasstruggling,shewould30.Mary’s31teachingeventuallytransformedmy32intofascination.Sheinfused(灌輸)foreigncultureintolessons,usingmusicanddanceto33ourlanguageskills.Herpersonalizedattentiontoeachstudent’sneedsfostereda(n)34environment.Attheendoftheterm,mySpanishimproved,andmyconfidencesoared.Maryleftalastingimpactonmy35fornewchallenges.21．A．exciting B．easy C．boring D．beneficial22．A．variation B．disturbance C．a(chǎn)nnoyance D．inconvenience23．A．explain B．describe C．prepare D．review24．A．challenged B．enjoyed C．trusted D．developed25．A．experience B．time C．losses D．mistakes26．A．seriously B．roughly C．modestly D．curiously27．A．a(chǎn)mused B．respected C．judged D．spotted28．A．understanding B．humble C．a(chǎn)thletic D．courageous29．A．discouraged B．suspected C．heartened D．comforted30．A．standout B．reachout C．getaround D．getby31．A．passive B．conventional C．voluntary D．innovative32．A．fear B．sorrow C．a(chǎn)nger D．confusion33．A．know B．match C．enhance D．a(chǎn)ssess34．A．secure B．supportive C．economic D．competitive35．A．pity B．profit C．debate D．desire【答案】21．C22．A23．D24．B25．D26．A27．B28．A29．C30．B31．D32．A33．C34．B35．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者因?yàn)槲靼嘌勒Z老師的創(chuàng)新教學(xué)而增強(qiáng)了自信心，西班牙語也得到了提高。21．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在開始上課之前，我?guī)缀醪欢靼嘌勒Z，我想這對我來說會很無聊。A.exciting令人激動地；B.easy容易的；C.boring無聊的；D.beneficial有益的。根據(jù)上文“IknewlittleSpanish”可知，作者語言不通，感到上課無聊。故選C。22．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道每周的日程安排會發(fā)生什么，但總會有一些細(xì)微的變化。A.variation變化；B.disturbance干擾；C.annoyance煩惱；D.inconvenience不方便。根據(jù)上文“Iknewwhattoexpectwithascheduleforeachweek,buttherewasalwayssomeslight”中but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明雖然知道日程安排，但總是會有一些細(xì)微的變化。故選A。23．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：考前，瑪麗經(jīng)常讓我們自己復(fù)習(xí)功課。A.explain解釋；B.describe描述；C.prepare準(zhǔn)備；D.review復(fù)習(xí)。根據(jù)后文“beforegoingoverwhatyou’velearned”可知，老師讓他們復(fù)習(xí)功課。故選D。24．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：游戲很有趣，我們都玩得很開心。A.challenged挑戰(zhàn)；B.enjoyed欣賞；C.trusted信任；D.developed發(fā)展。根據(jù)上文“Thegamewassointerestingthatweall”可知，游戲有趣，他們玩得高興，短語enjoyoneself。故選B。25．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：考試后，瑪麗給了我們彌補(bǔ)錯(cuò)誤的機(jī)會。A.experience經(jīng)歷；B.time時(shí)間；C.losses損失；D.mistakes錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)后文“Aftereacherrorcorrection,