高中專項(xiàng)練習(xí)語(yǔ)法填空（詞匯精析+長(zhǎng)難句分析）講義-高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期一輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)

專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：語(yǔ)法填空（含解析+詞匯精析+長(zhǎng)難句分析）Haveyoueverconsidered

1

(grow)yourownfoodinsideyourhome?Scientistshavemade

2

a

reality.

AsmallmachinecalledCellPod,whichmaydojustthat,hasbeendeveloped.LauriReuter,

3

isabiologist

ofFinland,saysthatinsteadof

usingthecompleteplantasfood,scientists

simply

needtotakesomecellsfromtheplantandgrowthemintheCellPod.Likeanyothervegetables,

plantcellsaresafe

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(eat).Besides,theyaregoodforyourbody,

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theycanprovideimportant

vitaminsandenergy,

helpingyourbodytostay

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(health).Thereareotherbenefits.“Thenewtechnologyisseen

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agreatinventionwhichcanhelpsavesoil,

waterandothernaturalresources.Allyouneedtodo

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(be)add

thecellsto

themachine,sitbackandthen

wait.Themachinedoestherestofthework,”

saysLauri.

“However,theplantcellsdonotlookverygoodwhen

theyare

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(full)

grown.Wealsoneedtomake

improvements

totheirtaste,”

Lauriadds.It

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(hope)thattheCellPodwillbeputonthemarketinthenexttenyears.詞匯錦囊①biologist

n.

生物學(xué)家②insteadof

代替；作為……的替換③cell

n.

細(xì)胞④add

sth.to

sth.

向某物中添加某物長(zhǎng)難句分析AsmallmachinecalledCellPod,whichmaydojustthat,hasbeendeveloped.

(Para.1)這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句?！癱alledCellPod”為動(dòng)詞過去分詞短語(yǔ)作___________；which引導(dǎo)___________，which在從句中作___________。

答案與解析【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了科學(xué)家們開發(fā)了一種名為CellPod的小型機(jī)器，它能在家里種植食物。這種機(jī)器通過培養(yǎng)植物細(xì)胞來生長(zhǎng)食物，既節(jié)省自然資源，又有利于健康，預(yù)計(jì)在未來十年內(nèi)上市?！敬鸢附馕觥?.growing

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。considerdoingsth.是固定用法，意為“考慮做某事”。故填growing。2.it

考查代詞。makeitareality意為“使它成為現(xiàn)實(shí)”，it指代上文中的“growingyourownfoodinsideyourhome”。故填it。3.who

考查定語(yǔ)從句。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是“LauriReuter”，關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)且指人。故填who。4.toeat考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處是be+形容詞+todosth.結(jié)構(gòu)，用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。故填toeat。5.because

考查原因狀語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，解釋前面“它們對(duì)人體有好處”的原因。故填because。6.healthy

考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。stay在此處為系動(dòng)詞，意為“保持；繼續(xù)是”，設(shè)空處作表語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用health的形容詞形式。stayhealthy為固定搭配，意為“保持健康”。故填healthy。7.as

考查介詞。beseenas...是固定搭配，意為“被看作……”。故填as。8.is

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。該句主語(yǔ)是“All”，表示一個(gè)整體。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境判斷這里應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填is。9.fully

考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。設(shè)空處修飾形容詞“grown”，應(yīng)用full的副詞形式作狀語(yǔ)。故填fully。10.ishoped考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。該句中，“It”是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境判斷這里應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)“It”為第三人稱單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用is。“It”指代的事情與hope之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，此處應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填ishoped?！鹃L(zhǎng)難句分析答案】后置定語(yǔ)；非限制性定語(yǔ)從句；主語(yǔ)China

has

launchedanewprojectinPapuaNewGuinea(PNG)tohelptheSouthPacificnationfurtherpromoteits

1

(agriculture)conditions.

Asplanned,a

newdemonstration

(示范)

base

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(establish)inPortMoresbyto,

thecapitalcityofPNG,tohelppromotetheoutputofuplandriceandatypeofgrasscalled“Juncao”,

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canbeusedtofeedcowsandsheep.JuncaotechnologywasfirstintroducedintoPNG

4

China

in1997.In1998,ateamestablishedthefirstbase.In2018,thetwosides

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(sign)anewdealtofurtherdeepentheircooperationinJuncaoanduplandriceplanting.“TheJuncaotechnologywasinvented

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(help)China’sruralareastoshakeoff

poverty.Itcouldadaptto

theearthandclimateconditionsinPNGandissuitableforthelocalmarket,”

7

officercalledLinsaid.

Headdedthatthenewdemonstrationbasewouldhelpthelocalindustryachievebetter

8

(develop).Accordingtohim,thenewprojectwill

helpthelocalstoachievethetargetof

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(produce)about3,000tonsoffood,whichwill

10

(effective)helpsolvethefoodproblemofmorethan10,000people.

詞匯錦囊①launch

vt.發(fā)起，發(fā)動(dòng)②promotevt.促進(jìn)；推動(dòng)③cooperationn.合作；協(xié)作④shakeoff

擺脫；甩掉長(zhǎng)難句分析Accordingtohim,thenewprojectwill

helpthelocalstoachievethetargetof

9

(produce)about3,000tonsoffood,whichwill

10

(effective)helpsolvethefoodproblemofmorethan10,000people.

(Para.3)這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。which引導(dǎo)___________，which在從句中作___________。答案與解析【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國(guó)幫助巴布亞新幾內(nèi)亞發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)，解決當(dāng)?shù)丶Z食問題的相關(guān)情況?！敬鸢附馕觥?.

agricultural考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換?！癱onditions”為名詞，應(yīng)用形容詞修飾，故填agricultural。2.willbeestablished

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)?！癮newdemonstrationbase”與提示詞“establish”之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；根據(jù)句意及空前的“Asplanned”可知，一個(gè)新的示范區(qū)將被建立，故填willbeestablished。3.

which

考查定語(yǔ)從句。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為表示物的“Juncao（菌草）”，故填which。4.from

考查介詞。根據(jù)句意可知，菌草技術(shù)是從中國(guó)引進(jìn)的，表示“從……”應(yīng)用介詞from，故填from。5.

signed

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。該句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為“In2018”，且該空內(nèi)容在句子中充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，故填signed。6.tohelp

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意可知，菌草技術(shù)的發(fā)明是為了幫助中國(guó)農(nóng)村地區(qū)擺脫貧困的，不定式表示目的，故填tohelp。7.

an

考查冠詞?！皁fficer”為可數(shù)名詞，在文章中首次提到，表示泛指，應(yīng)使用不定冠詞修飾，“officer”的讀音是以元音音素開頭，故填an。8.

development

考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。動(dòng)詞“achieve”后缺少賓語(yǔ)，且設(shè)空前為形容詞，形容詞修飾名詞，故填development。9.producing考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！皁f”為介詞，后跟名詞性的詞或短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞-ing形式具有名詞的特征，故填producing。10.effectively考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞“help”。effective的副詞形式為effectively，故填effectively?！鹃L(zhǎng)難句分析】非限制性定語(yǔ)從句；主語(yǔ)Asthesourceofalllife,waterplaysavitalrolein

Chineseculture,influencingbothChinesecivilizationandphilosophy.ManyChineselegendsreflectthe

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(admire)forwaterandthespiritofbravelyfightingnaturaldisasterscausedbywater.Yu,thefirstruleroftheXiaDynasty,

2

(successful)controlledthefloodsbydiggingwaterwayssothatthefloodwaters

couldflowintotheseasmoothly.TheDujiangyanIrrigationSysteminSichuan,first

3

(construct)in256BC,

tookadvantageofthelocalnaturalfeatureswithout

4

(damage)theenvironment.Additionally,water

5

(give)philosophicalmeaningstohelpnurture

Chinesepeopleandgovernthecountry,inspiringtheancientrulers

6

(respect)thewillofpeopleandfollowthelaws

ofnature.Confuciusbelievedwaterhaddiverse

7

(virtue)includingjustice,courageandrighteousness,so

8

wassuggestedthatpeopleshouldlearnfromwaterandcultivatetheirsenseofmorality.

Laozigavebirthto

theideaofovercominghardnesswithsoftnessandnon-action.Xunzicomparedarulerandhispeople

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aboatandwatertoshowtheimportanceofthepeopleinsociety.Water,beinganessentialclementindailylife,isasymbolinChineseculture,

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flowsthroughChinesecivilization.詞匯錦囊①play

avitalrolein

...

在……發(fā)揮重要作用②nurture

vt.養(yǎng)育；培育③law

n.規(guī)律④givebirthto

使產(chǎn)生長(zhǎng)難句分析Confuciusbelievedwaterhaddiverse

7

(virtue)includingjustice,courageandrighteousness,so

8

wassuggestedthatpeopleshouldlearnfromwaterandcultivatetheirsenseofmorality.

(Para.2)這是一個(gè)并列復(fù)合句。連詞so連接兩個(gè)并列分句。在第一個(gè)分句中，“believed”后面是一個(gè)省略引導(dǎo)詞that的_________，“including”為動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語(yǔ)作_________；在第二個(gè)分句中，用

8

作_________，真正的主語(yǔ)是“thatpeopleshouldlearnfromwaterandcultivatetheirsenseofmorality”。答案與解析【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了水作為生命之源，影響著中華文明和哲學(xué)，從歷史傳說和哲學(xué)層面闡述了水的重要性。【答案解析】1.admiration

考查名詞。根據(jù)空前的the可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填入名詞在句中作賓語(yǔ)。admire的名詞形式為admiration。故填admiration。2.successfully

考查副詞。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞“controlled”。s