2025年高考英語總復(fù)習(xí)專項練習(xí)18 閱讀理解＋讀后續(xù)寫

練習(xí)18閱讀理解+讀后續(xù)寫

I.閱讀理解

A

2024.貴陽質(zhì)量監(jiān)測應(yīng)用文302詞★★★☆☆

Xi'an,asthelongest-runningcapitalinancientChina,hasshapedthecountry'scultureandhistory.Witha

historyofover3,000years,ithasgivenbirthtomanydynasties.Ifplanningashorttour,besuretovisitthe

recommendedattractionsthattrulycapturethespiritofthisancientcity.

TheTerracottaArmy

TheTerracottaArmyisaremarkablearchaeologicalfindandapopulartouristdestinationinChina.

ConstructedbyEmperorQinShihuanginthe3rdcenturyBC,itfeatureslife-sizeterracottasoldiers,horses,and

chariotsarrangedinbattleformation.Themuseumhousesthreevaults（墓穴）andanexhibitionhall,withVault

Onebeingthelargest,displayingover6,000figures.Thesesculpturesofferinsightsofhighvalueintoancient

China'shistory,military,andculture.

Xi*anAncientCityWall

Xi'anAncientCityWallwasbuiltinthe14thcenturybyZhuYuanzhang,thefirstemperoroftheMing

Dynasty（1368——1644）asamilitarydefencesystem.Nowitisoneoftheoldestandbest-preservedChinesecity

walls.Thewallisnowalandmark,dividingthecityintoinnerandouterareas.Whenyoutakeastrollorcycleon

themassivewall,youcanenjoyagoodviewofthecity,themoat（護城河）andthewatchtowers.

GiantWildGoosePagoda

TheGiantWildGoosePagodainChinawasbuiltduringtheTangDynastyasastudyplaceforBuddhisttexts.

Itstoredsutras（佛經(jīng)）andsculpturesbroughtfromIndiabyMonkXuanZang,whotranslatedscripturesherefor19

years.SituatedinDaCi'enTemple,thepagoda'simpressivebrickstructurereflectstraditionalChinesearchitecture,

creatingasolemnandmagnificentatmosphere.

ShaanxiHistoryMuseum

TheShaanxiHistoryMuseumdisplays370,000relicsfoundinShaanxi,China,includingbronzeware（青銅

器），potteryfigures,goldandsilverware,andTangDynastymurals.18piecesarenationaltreasures.Xi'an,the

formercapital,hasmanyhistoricalsites.Themuseumisdividedintothreesections,exhibitingartifactsfrom

primitiveerastothelateQingDynasty.

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章講述了西安旅游景點。

1.Whichofthefollowingattractionswasbuiltasamilitarydefencesystem?

A.TheTerracottaArmy.

B.Xi'anAncientCityWall.

C.GiantWildGoosePagoda.

D.ShaanxiHistoryMuseum.

答案與解析：B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)XfanAncientCityWall部分中的"XfanAncientCityWallwasbuiltin

the14thcentury...asamilitarydefencesystem.”可知，西安古城墻始建于14世紀，由明朝(1368—1644)第一位

皇帝朱元璋修建，作為軍事防御系統(tǒng)，也就是說西安古城墻是作為軍事防御系統(tǒng)建造的。故選B。

2.WhatdotheTerracottaArmyandXi'anAncientCityWallhaveincommon?

A.Theywerebuiltatthesameperiod.

B.Theybothdividethecityintotwoareas.

C.Theywerebothbuiltbyemperors.

D.Theybothofferagoodviewofthecity.

答案與解析：C細節(jié)理解題。TheTerracottaArmy中講到兵馬俑由秦始皇于公元前3世紀建造；Xi'an

AncientCityWall中講到西安古城墻始建于14世紀，由明朝(1368—1644)第一位皇帝朱元璋修建。由此可

知，兵馬俑和西安古城墻的共同之處是它們都是由皇帝組建的。故選C。A項“它們是在同一時期建造的“，

B項“它們都將城市分為兩個區(qū)域”，C項“它們都是由皇帝組建的”,D項“它們都提供了城市的美景”。

3.WhatcanweknowabouttheGiantWildGoosePagoda?

A.ItwasbuiltduringtheTangDynasty.

B.ItwasbroughtfromIndiabyXuanZang.

C.ItwaswrittenintheBuddhisttexts.

D.Itwasusedasastudyplaceforgoose.

答案與解析：A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GiantWildGoosePagoda部分中的“TheGiantWildGoosePagodain

ChinawasbuiltduringtheTangDynasty”可知，中國的大雁塔建于唐代。故選A。

B

2024?合肥高三質(zhì)檢說明文290詞★★☆☆☆

Greenlandholdsenoughicetoraiseglobalsealevelby7metersifitwerealltomelt(融化).Thesheet

currentlylosesaround270billiontonsoficeeachyear,andcontributestomorethan4millimeters*globalsealevel

riseannually-from2013to2022,theaverageannualglobalsealevelrisewas4.62millimeters.However,

Greenland*smassiveicesheet,whichismeltingbecauseofclimatechange,couldbesavedfromcompletemelting

evenifglobaltemperaturesrocketpastkeyinternationaltargets,astudysuggests.

Usingclimatemodelling,theresearchconcludesthatGreenland'smeltingwillaccelerateabruptlyifthe

averageglobaltemperaturecrossesathreshold（閾值）thatisnohigherthan2.3℃abovepre-industriallevels一and

couldbemuchlower.Thatthresholdmightbegettingquiteclose:theaveragetemperaturein2025islikelytohit

1.5℃abovepre-industriallevels.ButwedonotnecessarilytiptheGreenlandicesheetjustbecausewecrossthe

threshold.Eveniftemperaturesshootupby6℃ormoreabovepre-industriallevels,humanitywillbeableto

reducemuchofthaticelossifwarmingislimitedto1.5℃withinafewcenturies,thestudyshows.Itmeansthat

theicesheetcanbesaved.

ButNilsBochow,aclimatescientistatUiTTheArcticUniversityofNorwayandleadauthorofthestudy,and

othersarequicktonotethattakingactionagainstclimatechangenowwillbecheaperandeasierthantryingto

controlglobaltemperatureslater."It'saworthwhiletooltoexplorebecausewhatwehavedonesofarinterms

ofpolicyisnotenoughtobewithinthelimit,“saysBochow.

Theauthorsexaminetheeffectofaverageglobaltemperatureincreasesratherthantemperatureincreasesin

theArctic,whicharehappeningatleastthreetimesfasterthanthoseontherestoftheplanet.Andthestudy

assumesthatsocietywillsomehowworkoutawaytocutdowngreenhousegasemissions（排放）sharplyinthe

future,perhapsthroughcarbon-storagetechnology.Petrini,thecoauthorofthestudy,sayshedoesn*twantpeopleto

thinktheGreenlandicesheetisgoingtobefine.uThere'sachancetopreventsomeseriousconsequencesevenif

there*snopoliticalwillnow,“hesays."Butweshoulddoourbittodayratherthanlater.

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了關(guān)于格陵蘭島冰原融化速率的最新研究。

4.WhatdowelearnabouttheGreenlandicesheet?

A.It'sdisappearingataconstantrate.

B.It*slostmorethanhalfofitsice.

C.Itcontributesmuchtothesealevelrise.

D.Ithasraisedglobalsealevelby7meters.

答案與解析：C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thesheetcurrently...contributestomorethan4

millimeters'globalsealevelriseannually-from2013to2022,theaverageannualglobalsealevelrisewas4.62

millimeters."可知，目前，格陵蘭島的冰蓋每年損失約2700億噸冰，導(dǎo)致全球海平面上升超過4毫米一

從2013年到2022年，平均每年海平面上升4.62毫米。由此可知，全球海平面上升受格陵蘭島冰蓋融化影

響很大。故選C項。

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"tip"inParagraph2mean?

A.Overturn.B.Discount.

C.Preserve.D.Explore.

答案與解析：A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后的“Eveniftemperaturesshootupby6℃ormoreabove

pre-industriallevels,humanitywillbeabletoreducemuchofthaticelossifwarmingislimitedto1.5℃

within…besaved.”可知，即使溫度高于工業(yè)化前水平6℃或更多，如果升溫在幾個世紀內(nèi)限制在1.5℃以內(nèi)，

人類將能夠減少大部分冰損失。這意味著冰蓋可以被拯救。由此可知，畫線詞所在句表示超過閾值不一定

就會觸發(fā)格陵蘭島冰蓋的垮塌。tip意為“使傾倒，傾覆"，與overturn意思相近。此處考查tip的熟詞生

義。故選A項。

6.HowdoesNilsBochowfindpresentpoliciesonclimatechange?

A.Theypushtheclimatetothelimit.

B.Theyhavenopracticaluse.

C.Theyaresuitableforclimatecontrol.

D.Theyneedfurtherimprovement.

答案與解析：D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的"It'saworthwhiletooltoexplorebecausewhatwehavedone

sofarintermsofpolicyisnotenoughtobewithinthelimit”可知，這是一個值得探索的方法，因為到目前為止，

我們在政策方面所做的還不足以把全球氣溫控制在合理范圍內(nèi)。由此可知，NilsBochow應(yīng)是認為現(xiàn)行政策

還不夠好，仍需要改善。故選D項。

7.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.GlobalWarming:DestroyerofIceSheet

B.HowtoSaveGreenland*sMassiveIceSheet

C.ClimateModelling:HelperofScientists

D.HowGreenland*sMeltingAffectsOurPlanet

答案與解析：B主旨大意題。閱讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)如果全球平均溫度超過閾

值，格陵蘭島冰蓋的融化會驟然加速，但即便如此，快速行動也可以穩(wěn)定住它。B項“如何拯救格陵蘭島

的巨大冰蓋”點明了主旨，作標題最佳。

II.讀后續(xù)寫

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

[2023?新課標I卷]WhenIwasinmiddleschool,mysocialstudiesteacheraskedmetoenterawritingcontest.

Isaidnowithoutthinking.Ididnotlovewriting.MyfamilycamefromBrazil,soEnglishwasonlymysecond

language.Writingwassodifficultandpainfulformethatmyteacherhadallowedmetopresentmypaperonthe

sinkingoftheTitanicbyactingoutaplay,whereIplayedalltheparts.Noonelaughedharderthanhedid.

So,whydidhesuddenlyforcemetodosomethingatwhichIwassuretofail?Hisreply:"BecauseIloveyour

stories.Ifyou'rewillingtoapplyyourself,Ithinkyouhaveagoodshotatthis."Encouragedbyhiswords,Iagreed

togiveitatry.

IchosePaulRevere*shorseasmysubject.PaulReverewasasilversmith（專艮匠）inBostonwhorodeahorseat

nightonApril18,1775toLexingtontowarnpeoplethatBritishsoldierswerecoming.Mystorywouldcome

straightfromthehorse*smouth.Notabrilliantidea,butfunny;andunlikelytobeanyoneelse'schoice.

Whatdidthehorsethink,ashespedthroughthenight?Didhegettired?Havedoubts?Didhewanttoquit?I

sympathizedimmediately.Igottired.Ihaddoubts.Iwantedtoquit.But,likeReveredhorse,Ikeptgoing.Iworked

hard.Icheckedmyspelling.Iaskedmyoldersistertocorrectmygrammar.Icheckedoutahalf-dozenbookson

PaulReverefromthelibrary.Ievenreadafewofthem.

WhenIhandedintheessaytomyteacher,hereadit,laughedoutloud,andsaid,“Great.Now,writeitagain.^^

Iwroteitagain,andagainandagain.WhenIfinallyfinishedit,thethoughtofwinninghadgivenwaytothe

enjoymentofwriting.IfIdidn'twin,Iwouldn'tcare.

注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個左右；

2.請按如下格式作答。

Afewweekslater,whenIalmostforgotthecontest,therecamethenews.

Iwenttomyteachefsofficeaftertheawardpresentation.