青海省海東市2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末考試聯(lián)考試題含解析

PAGE24-青海省海東市2024-2025學(xué)年高二英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末考試聯(lián)考試題（含解析）考生留意：1.本試卷共150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.請(qǐng)將各題答案填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是Co1.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.Nervous.B.Well.C.Bad.2.Whatwasthewoman'sproblem?A.Shedidn'tknowtheman.B.Sheforgottoweartheseatbelt.C.Shedrovetoofast.3.Whatisthemandoing?A.Heiswalkingonthegrass.B.Heiswearinghisglasses.C.Heisreadingthenotice.4.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Buyhimsomestamps.B.Lendhimsomemoney.C.Givehimsomechange.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Insideabookstore.B.Outsideacinema.C.Inasportscenter.其次節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whichsportsdoesthewomanlikebest?A.Running.B.Swimming.C.Tennis.7.WhatwillthemandonextSunday?A.Haveadinnerwiththewoman.B.Playtenniswiththewoman.C.Visitthewoman'shome.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatkindofroomdoesthemanwanttotake?A.Asingleroom.B.Adoubleroom.C.Aroomforthree.9.Whatdoesthemanneedtofillintheform?A.Telephoneandstudentcardnumber.B.Studentcardnumberandaddress.C.Addressandtelephonenumber.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhenwillJackjoininthebasketballgame?A.Monday.B.Thursday.C.Friday.11.WheredoesthewomanadviseJacktogo?A.Hisfriend'shome.B.Thepark.C.Theplayground.12.Whatisthewomandoing?A.WatchingTV.B.Playinggames.C.Doingherwork.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Oldfriends.B.Couples.C.Teacherandstudent.14.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman'sclothes?A.Theyareinstyle.B.Theyareoutoffashion.C.Theyaretoobigtowear.15.Whatattitudedoesthemanhavetowardsgettingdietpills?A.Uncertain.B.Cautious.C.Positive.16.Wherewillthewomango?A.Toadrugstore.B.Toalibrary.C.Toamuseum.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeechmainlyabout?A.PlacesofinterestinFrance.B.FamousproductsofFrance.C.IntroductionsofcitiesinFrance.18.WhichcityliesinthenorthofFrance?A.Paris.B.Lyon.C.Marseille.19.WhatisLyonfamousfor?ATheEiffelTower.B.Chemicalindustry.C.Seaproducts.20.HowmanypeoplearethereinMarseille?A.Over10million.B.1.26million.C.1.23million.其次部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWherecanyouvolunteeryourtime?Checkoutthese4activitiesforexcellentvolunteeropportunitiesthatrequirenopreviousexperience.AnimalRescueSheltersLocalanimalsheltersalwaysneedvolunteers.Brushupyourofficeskillsbyansweringemailsorphonecalls,andprovidinggeneraladministrativeassistance.Trymakingsomeconnectionsamongthestafforofferingyourdogwalkingservicestothepetowners.Itmakesforagreatpart-timejob,andplus,mayturnintoafull-timeone.HabitatforHumanityHabitatforHumanityofferslocallytargetedvolunteeropportunities.Ifyouareinterestedindevelopingexperienceinhomerepairandbuildingmaintenance,checkoutitsABrushWithKindnesscampaignortheWomenBuildprogram,designedspecificallytohelpwomenlearnconstructionskills.Yourexperiencecancontributedirectlytoteam-buildingandleadershipability.LocalLibrariesAsateenager,Ivolunteeredatmylocallibraryforafewhoursaweekforaschoolproject.IlikeditsomuchthatIendedupvolunteeringeveryweekanddevelopedalife-longloveofbooks.Librariesbadlyneedhelptoorganizeshelvesandassistreaders,andyoumaysometimeshelpsetupandrunpublicevents,suchasauthorsigningsandbookfairs.ArtMuseumsIfyouloveart,workinginamuseumcanbeaninvaluableexperience.Youcansurroundyourselfwithtimelessworksofart,soakupknowledge,andacquireadministrativeskillsmeanwhile.Getinvolvedinthecommunitybyvolunteeringforfamilyprogramsandchildren’sactivitiesatyourlocalmuseum.1.Whatisanextraadvantagewhenyouvolunteerinanimalshelters?A.Owningyourfavoritepetfree. B.Becomingafull-timedogwalker.C.Helpingtobuildupyourknowledgebase. D.Contributetoyourownleadershipability.2.Wherecanyoulearnskillsofbetteringyourhome?A.AtHabitatforHumanity. B.Atalocalanimalshelter.C.Atalocallibrary. D.Atanartmuseum.3.Whatisbadlyneededforlocallibraries?A.Helpingdesignposters. B.Helpingwithpublicevents.C.Organizinglargebookfairs. D.Organizingbooksontheshelves.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)不須要閱歷的志愿者機(jī)會(huì)，并就工作內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)AnimalRescueShelters部分中Trymakingsomeconnectionsamongthestafforofferingyourdogwalkingservicestothepetowners.Itmakesforagreatpart-timejob,andplus,mayturnintoafull-timeone.可知，試著和工作人員建立聯(lián)系，或者為寵物主子供應(yīng)遛狗服務(wù)。這是一份很好的兼職工作，而且，可能會(huì)變成一份全職工作。由此可知，你在動(dòng)物收容所做志愿者的額外優(yōu)勢(shì)是，成為一名全職遛狗者。故選B。【2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)HabitatforHumanity部分中Ifyouareinterestedindevelopingexperienceinhomerepairandbuildingmaintenance,checkoutitsABrushWithKindnesscampaignortheWomenBuildprogram,designedspecificallytohelpwomenlearnconstructionskills.可知假如你有愛(ài)好培育房屋修理和建筑維護(hù)方面的閱歷，可以去看看它的ABrushWithKindness活動(dòng)或WomenBuild支配，該支配是特地為幫助婦女學(xué)習(xí)建筑技能而設(shè)計(jì)的。由此可知，你可以在HabitatforHumanity學(xué)習(xí)改善你的家的技能。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中Librariesbadlyneedhelptoorganizeshelvesandassistreaders,andyoumaysometimeshelpsetupandrunpublicevents,suchasauthorsigningsandbookfairs.可知圖書(shū)館急需幫助整理書(shū)架和幫助讀者，有時(shí)你可能會(huì)幫助建立和運(yùn)行公共活動(dòng)，如作者簽名和書(shū)展。由此可知，地方圖書(shū)館急需整理書(shū)架上的書(shū)籍。故選D。BStephenHawkingwasregardedasoneofthemostbrilliantphysicistsinhistory.Hisworkontheoriginsandstructureoftheuniverse,fromtheBigBangtoblackholes,changedthefieldgreatly.Hisbest-sellingbooksalsoappealedtoanumberofreaders.StephenHawkinghadachallenginglife.HewasborninEnglandonJan.8,1942-300yearstothedayafterthedeathoftheastronomerGalileoGalilei.HeattendedUniversityCollege,Oxford,wherehestudiedphysics,despitehisfather’surgingtofocusonmedicine.HawkingwentontoCambridgetoresearchcosmology.Inearly1963,justbeforehis21stbirthday,HawkingsufferedfromaseriousdiseasemorecommonlyknownasLouGehrig’sdisease.Hewasnotexpectedtolivemorethantwoyears.Completinghisdoctor’sdegreedidnotappearlikely.Yet,Hawkinghadovercomethegreatdifficulties,notonlyattaininghisPh.D.butalsobuildingnewroadsintotheunderstandingoftheuniverseinthedecadessince.HawkingcontinuedatCambridgeafterhisgraduation,servingasaresearchfellowandlaterasaprofessionalfellow.In1974,hewasinducted（正式就職）intotheRoyalSociety,aworldwidefellowshipofscientists.In1979,hewasappointedLucasianProfessorofMathematicsatCambridge,themostfamousacademicchairintheworld.Asthediseasespread，Hawkingbecamelessmobileandbeganusingawheelchair.Talkinggrewmorechallengingand,in1985,anemergencytracheotomy（氣管切開(kāi)術(shù)）causedhistotallossofspeech.Aspeech-generatingdevicewasconstructedatCambridge,combinedwithasoftwareprogram,servingashiselectronicvoiceandallowingHawkingtoselecthiswordsbymovingthemusclesinhischeek.HawkingdiedonMarch14,2024.4.WhatgreatlyinfluencedthefieldStephenHawkingstudied？A.StephenHawking’sbest-sellingbooks.B.HisresearchontheBigBangandblackholes.C.StephenHawking’stalent.D.Theoriginsandstructureoftheuniverse.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cosmology”inparagraph2mean?A.Aresearchontime. B.Asubjectofmedicine.C.Astudyaboutuniverse. D.AprojectinCambridge.6.WhathappenedtoStephenHawkinginearly1963?A.Hebecameworldfamous. B.Heachievedhisdoctor’sdegree.C.Hewasbadlyaffectedbyaseriousdisease D.Hebuiltnewroadsintotheunderstandingoftheuniverse.7.HowdidStephenHawkingexpresshimselffinally?A.Byusingaspeech-generatingdevice. B.Withthehelpofanoperation.C.Byusingbodylanguage. D.Withthehelpofsomepeople.【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.A【解析】這是一篇人物傳記。本文介紹了聞名的物理學(xué)家、宇宙學(xué)家斯蒂芬·霍金。他在21歲生日之前被確診患有盧伽雷氏病，預(yù)料活不了多少年了，但霍金克服了重重困難，在此后的幾十年里開(kāi)拓了通向宇宙的坦途。【4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中Hisworkontheoriginsandstructureoftheuniverse,fromtheBigBangtoblackholes,changedthefieldgreatly.可知，他對(duì)宇宙起源和結(jié)構(gòu)的探討，從大爆炸到黑洞，極大地變更了這個(gè)領(lǐng)域。由此可知，他對(duì)大爆炸和黑洞的探討極大地影響了斯蒂芬霍金探討的領(lǐng)域。故選B。【5題詳解】詞句揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第一段中Hisworkontheoriginsandstructureoftheuniverse,fromtheBigBangtoblackholes,changedthefieldgreatly.可知，他對(duì)宇宙起源和結(jié)構(gòu)的探討，從大爆炸到黑洞，極大地變更了這個(gè)領(lǐng)域。由此可知，他探討宇宙。依據(jù)其次段HeattendedUniversityCollege,Oxford,wherehestudiedphysics,despitehisfather'surgingtofocusonmedicine,HawkingwentontoCambridgetoresearchcosmology.（他就讀于牛津高校學(xué)院，在那里學(xué)習(xí)物理學(xué)。盡管他父親敦促他專(zhuān)注于醫(yī)學(xué)，霍金還是接著到劍橋高校探討。）可知，霍金一起先在牛津高校學(xué)習(xí)物理學(xué)，后來(lái)又到了劍橋高校。再依據(jù)第三段Yet,Hawkinghadovercomegreatdifficulties,notonlyattaininghisPh.D.butalsobuildingnewroadsintotheunderstandingoftheuniverseinthedecadessince.（然而，霍金克服了重重困難，不僅獲得了博士學(xué)位，而且在此后的幾十年里開(kāi)拓了通向宇宙的坦途。）可知，霍金應(yīng)是在劍橋高校讀的博士，并且學(xué)習(xí)的是與宇宙有關(guān)的學(xué)科。所以cosmology的意思應(yīng)與宇宙有關(guān)。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段第一句Inearly1963,justbeforehis2lstbirthday,Hawkingsufferedfromaseriousdisease,morecommonlyknownasLouGehrig'sdisease.可知，1963年初，就在霍金21歲生日前夕，他患上了一種嚴(yán)峻的疾病，即通常被稱(chēng)為盧伽雷氏癥。由此可知，1963年初，斯蒂芬霍金患上了一種嚴(yán)峻的疾病。故選C?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中Aspeech-generatingdevicewasconstructedatCambridge,combinedwithasoftwareprogram,servingashiselectronicvoiceandallowingHawkingtoselecthiswordsbymovingthemusclesinhischeek.可知，劍橋高校制造了一個(gè)語(yǔ)音生成裝置，結(jié)合了一個(gè)軟件程序，作為霍金的電子聲音，并允許霍金通過(guò)移動(dòng)臉頰上的肌肉來(lái)選擇詞語(yǔ)。由此可知，斯蒂芬霍金最終通過(guò)運(yùn)用語(yǔ)音產(chǎn)生裝置來(lái)表達(dá)自己。故選A。CJapanesescientistsandtechnologycompaniesarecomingupwithnewwaystodealwithemployeeshortagesindeliveryservice.Howexactly?Byintroducingarobotthatcandeliverfoodtoyourhome.AJapanesecompanyZMPhaslaunchedrobottestsrecently.TheZMP'sdeliveryrobotintheprocessoftestingisaredboxthatmeasures109cmand133cminheightsandlengthsrespectively.Itisdesignedtocarryupto100kilogramsofanythingwithaapproximatespeedof4milesanhour.Ithasitsownnavigatingsystemandamap,sensors(傳感器)andcamerasthatallowittoself-drive.These,fornow,areitsmaintechnicalabilities.Thenextdevelopmentswillbecontroloffoodtemperature,andperhaps，voicecontrolandspeakingabilities.Therobotwillbetestedtogetherwithalocalsushi(壽司)deliverycompanyRideonExpressCo.Uponmakingasushiorder,customerswillreceivecodesontheirsmartphonesthatwillallowthemtounlocktherobotandgettheirordersout.SimilartestingattemptshavebeenundertakenbyDomino'sPizzainAustralia,wheretheytestedadeliveryrobotayearago.Inanycase,beforerobotsareabletodeliverfoodoranyothergoodstorealcustomers,massivetestingonpublicroadsorinthepublicairspacewillhavetotakeplace.Whileitisinthegovernment'sbestinteresttomakeupfortheshortageofdeliveryintheJapaneselabormarket,itisclearthatself-drivingmachinesofanykindwillnotbepermittedontheroadsuntiltheyarefullytestedandprovensafeenoughforpublicroads.Accordingtotheexperts,thiscouldtakeanother3to5years.Inanycase,robotdeliveryisnotsuchadistantfutureafterall,andrecentdevelopmentsshowthatthereissignificantmarketdemandforsuchtypeofdelivery.8.HowdoJapanesehandletheemployeeshortagesindeliveryservice?A.Byraisingemploymentandworkinghours.B.Byemployingscienceandtechnology.C.Byincreasingthesalary.D.Bydeliveringmoreatatime.9.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theintroductionofdeliveryrobots.B.Theusageofdeliveryrobots.C.Thebasicdataofdeliveryrobots.D.Theappearanceofdeliveryrobots.10.What'sthereactionofJapanesegovernmenttodeliveryrobots?A.Beingcriticalofthetechnology.B.Ignoringthedevelopment.C.Beingalittlebithesitated.D.Becominggreatinterested.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.RobotDelivery：NewTestsinJapan B.RobotDeliveryComingtoUseinJapanC.EmployeeShortageinDeliveryinJapan D.LatestAutomaticService：Robots【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.A【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要講解并描述為了緩解日本勞動(dòng)力緊缺，人們考慮用送貨機(jī)器人。但出于平安等問(wèn)題的考慮，送貨機(jī)器人正在進(jìn)行大量的測(cè)試?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段的Byintroducingarobotthatcandeliverfoodtoyourhome.(通過(guò)引入一種可以把食物送到你家的機(jī)器人)可知，他們通過(guò)科學(xué)技術(shù)來(lái)解決勞動(dòng)力短缺的問(wèn)題。B.Byemployingscienceandtechnology.(通過(guò)應(yīng)用科學(xué)技術(shù))符合以上說(shuō)法，故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)其次段的TheZMP'sdeliveryrobotintheprocessoftestingisaredboxthatmeasures109cmand133cminheightsandlengthsrespectively.(ZMP的正在測(cè)試過(guò)程中的送貨機(jī)器人被測(cè)量到的高度為109厘米，長(zhǎng)度為133厘米)和Thenextdevelopmentswillbecontroloffoodtemperature,andperhaps，voicecontrolandspeakingabilities.(下一步的發(fā)展將會(huì)是限制食物的溫度，并且可能還涉及聲控和語(yǔ)音播報(bào)實(shí)力)可知，該段主要是對(duì)送貨機(jī)器人的介紹。A.Theintroductionofdeliveryrobots.(送貨機(jī)器人的介紹)符合以上說(shuō)法，故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段的Whileitisinthegovernment'sbestinteresttomakeupfortheshortageofdeliveryintheJapaneselabormarket,itisclearthatself-drivingmachinesofanykindwillnotbepermittedontheroadsuntiltheyarefullytestedandprovensafeenoughforpublicroads.(雖然彌補(bǔ)日本勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)的供應(yīng)不足符合政府的最大利益，但是很明確的一點(diǎn)是，任何形式的自動(dòng)駕駛的機(jī)器在它們真正被全部測(cè)試完畢和證明白對(duì)公共道路來(lái)說(shuō)是足夠平安的時(shí)候，它們才被允許出現(xiàn)在路上。)可知，送貨機(jī)器人符合日本政府的利益，由此推想，日本政府對(duì)送貨機(jī)器人是特別感愛(ài)好的。D.Becominggreatinterested.(特別感愛(ài)好)符合以上推想，故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章主要內(nèi)容，尤其其次段的TheZMP'sdeliveryrobotintheprocessoftestingisaredboxthatmeasures109cmand133cminheightsandlengthsrespectively.(ZMP正在測(cè)試的運(yùn)輸機(jī)器人是一個(gè)高190厘米、長(zhǎng)133厘米的紅色盒子)和第三段的Therobotwillbetestedtogetherwithalocalsushi(壽司)deliverycompanyRideonExpressCo.(該機(jī)器人將和當(dāng)?shù)氐囊粋€(gè)壽司運(yùn)輸公司RideonExpressCo一起進(jìn)行測(cè)試)可知，本文主要講解并描述為了緩解日本勞動(dòng)力緊缺，人們考慮用送貨機(jī)器人。但出于平安等問(wèn)題，送貨機(jī)器人正在進(jìn)行大量的測(cè)試。因此A.RobotDelivery：NewTestsinJapan(送貨機(jī)器人：在日本的新測(cè)試)可以作為本文標(biāo)題，故選A項(xiàng)。DHealthofficialsintheUnitedStatesreportedlastweekonwhattheybelievecouldbeamedicalfirst.Officialssaiddoctorsperformedwhatcouldbethefirstdoublelungtransplant（移植）onapersonwhoselungswereseverelydamagedfromvaping（吸電子煙）.Theoperationreportedlysavedthelifeoftheteenager.TheyoungmanwasadmittedinearlySeptembertoaDetroit-areahospitalwithwhatappearedtobeacommonlunginfection,butwaslatersenttoChildren’sHospitalofMichiganinDetroit.OnOctober3,hewastransportedtoHenryFordHospital,wherethetransplantwasperformed12dayslater.HassanNemehisasurgicaldirectorofthoracic（胸腔的）organtransplantatHenryFordHospital.HetoldTheAssociatedPress（TheAP）thatthedamagedonetotheteenager’slungsfromvapingwassobadthattherewasnopossibilitytototallyrecover.Hewarnedparentstothinkaboutthatandtotelltheirchildrenaswell.Morethan2,000AmericanswhovapehavegottensicksinceMarch.Manyofthemareteenagersandyoungadults.Atleast40peoplehavedied.Recently,theU.S.CentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionreportedadiscoveryintowhatmightbecausingpeoplewhovapetobecomesick.TheyidentifiedthechemicalcompoundvitaminEacetate（醋酸鹽）asa“verystrongcriminal”.Researchersfoundthechemicalcompoundinfluidtakenfromthelungsof29patients.Inotherstudies,VitaminEacetatewasfoundinliquidfromelectroniccigarettesandothervapingdevices.ManywhogotsicksaidtheyhadvapedliquidsthatcontainTHC,thepartofmarijuanathatcreateswhatisknownasa“high”.Dr.LisaAllenspachisalungspecialistandmedicaldirectorofHenryFord’sLungTransplantProgram.ShetoldTheAP,“Vaping-relatedinjuriesarealltoocommonthesedays.Ouradolescentsarefacedwithacrisis.”Sheaddedthatvapingproductsshouldnotbeusedinanyway.Dr.Nemehsaidthe17-year-oldpatient’scasedoesnotopenanynewmoralconsiderationsabouttransplantsforpeoplewhoseverelydamagetheirownlungsbyvaping.Headded,“Wehopesharingthispatient’sstorypreventsanyoneelsefromexperiencingavapinginjurythatwouldrequireatransplant.”12.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheyoungmaninthetext?A.Hegotcaughtinamoraldilemma.B.Hewasthefirsttogetsickbyvaping.C.Hereceivedtheoperationimmediately.D.Hehadagoodchancetosurvivethelungdamage.13.Howmanyhospitalsarementionedinthetext?A.1. B.2.C.3. D.4.14.WhatisDr.LisaAllenspach’sattitudetowardsvapingproducts?A.Skeptical. B.ApprovingC.Opposing. D.Objective.15.What’sthepurposeofsharingtheteen’sstory?A.Todiscouragevaping.B.Tovoicemoralconcernsforthelungtransplant.C.Toexpresssympathyforhissufferings.D.Todisapproveofsmoking.【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.A【解析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。醫(yī)生為一名肺部嚴(yán)峻受損的患者進(jìn)行了可能是首例雙肺移植手術(shù)。據(jù)報(bào)道，這次手術(shù)挽救了這名少年的生命。這名17歲患者是由吸電子煙引起的。這篇文章共享這個(gè)青少年故事的目的是阻擋電子煙損害青少年?！?2題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中Officialssaiddoctorsperformedwhatcouldbethefirstdoublelungtransplant（移植）onapersonwhoselungswereseverelydamagedfromvaping（吸電子煙）.Theoperationreportedlysavedthelifeoftheteenager.“有關(guān)官員表示，醫(yī)生為一名肺部嚴(yán)峻受損的患者進(jìn)行了可能是首例雙肺移植手術(shù)。據(jù)報(bào)道，這次手術(shù)挽救了這名少年的生命?！庇纱送茢喑觯莻€(gè)年輕人很有可能從肺損傷中幸存下來(lái)。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中butwaslatersenttoChildren’sHospitalofMichiganinDetroit.OnOctober3,hewastransportedtoHenryFordHospital,wherethetransplantwasperformed12dayslater.“但后來(lái)被送往底特律的密歇根兒童醫(yī)院。10月3日，他被送往亨利福特醫(yī)院，12天后在那里進(jìn)行了移植手術(shù)?！焙偷谌蔚谝痪銱assanNemehisasurgicaldirectorofthoracic（胸腔的）organtransplantatHenryFordHospital.“哈?！?nèi)梅赫(HassanNemeh)是亨利·福特醫(yī)院胸器官移植外科主任。”【14題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段Dr.LisaAllenspachisalungspecialistandmedicaldirectorofHenryFord’sLungTransplantProgram.ShetoldTheAP,“Vaping-relatedinjuriesarealltoocommonthesedays.Ouradolescentsarefacedwithacrisis.”Sheaddedthatvapingproductsshouldnotbeusedinanyway.LisaAllenspach醫(yī)生是一位肺部專(zhuān)家，也是亨利·福特肺部移植項(xiàng)目的醫(yī)學(xué)主任。她對(duì)美聯(lián)社表示:“如今，與電子煙相關(guān)的損害太常見(jiàn)了。我們的青少年面臨著一場(chǎng)危機(jī)。她補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，電子煙產(chǎn)品不應(yīng)當(dāng)以任何方式運(yùn)用。由此可知，LisaAllenspach博士對(duì)電子煙產(chǎn)品的看法是“反對(duì)”。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段Dr.Nemehsaidthe17-year-oldpatient’scasedoesnotopenanynewmoralconsiderationsabouttransplantsforpeoplewhoseverelydamagetheirownlungsbyvaping.Headded,“Wehopesharingthispatient’sstorypreventsanyoneelsefromexperiencingavapinginjurythatwouldrequireatransplant.”內(nèi)梅赫說(shuō)，這名17歲患者的病例不會(huì)為那些因吸電子煙嚴(yán)峻損害自己肺部的人帶來(lái)任何新的關(guān)于器官移植的道德考慮。他補(bǔ)充說(shuō):“我們希望共享這位病人的故事，可以防止其他人遭遇電子煙造成的損害，而須要進(jìn)行移植手術(shù)。”由此可知，共享這個(gè)青少年的故事的目的是阻擋電子煙。故選A。其次節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoLiveWellAtacertainpointinlife,thoughtsmaycomeup.Howwellhaveyoulived?____16____Howwellhaveyoutreatedthoseyouloveandcareabout?Mostofall,however,timeseemstosliponwithouttoomuchself-reflection.Maybeit’stimetoslowdownandthinkaboutwhatitmeanstolivewell.Tolivemeansacting.____17____Youstartaction,comeupwithgoals,makeplanstohelpworkonthedesiredoutcome,anddivein.Noteveryactionwillimmediatelybringaboutasuccessfulfinishoftheproject,taskorundertaking,butyoulearnfromeverythingyoudo.____18____Beingbusyisaneffectivecuretoloneliness,helpsavoiddepressionandself-pity,andkeepsusinaconstantstateofmovement.Again,doingthingsoftenputsusincontactwithothersandthat’salsoagoodthingforhumanstomakeinteractionwithotherhumans.Butwhathappenswhenyoudon’tgiveaprojectortaskyourfulleffort?Areyoustilllivingwell?Orareyoushortchangingyourself,tryingtocheatandstillgetthereward?____19____Notonlylearntofacethese,butalsotrytoovercomethem.Thetruthisthateveryonecutscornersnowandthen.Maybeitisbecausewelacktime,energy,financialorotherresources.Sometimeswehavetomakeendsmeetbyshavingoffanitemorastep.Thatdoesn’tmeanwemakeahabitofit.____20____A.Tolivemeansyouparticipateinlife.B.Tohaveagoodlifedoesn’tmeanlivingwell.C.Keepingbusysometimesisimportantinlife.D.Sometimesyouhavetofacetheseinyourlife.E.Howmuchhaveyouachievedrelativetoyourgoals?F.Whatcanyoudoifyousufferfromanillness?G.Thatreallymeansweshouldstopandthink,inordertolivebetter.【答案】16.E17.A18.C19.D20.G【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明白如何生活得更好的一些建議。【16題詳解】依據(jù)上文Howwellhaveyoulived?可知你過(guò)得怎么樣？以及后文Howwellhaveyoutreatedthoseyouloveandcareabout?可知你對(duì)你愛(ài)和關(guān)切的人有多好？由此可知，本句與前后文一樣為疑問(wèn)句，都是與生活華蜜相關(guān)的問(wèn)題。故E選項(xiàng)“你實(shí)現(xiàn)了多少和目標(biāo)有關(guān)的東西？”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。【17題詳解】依據(jù)上文Tolivemeansacting.可知活著就意味著行動(dòng)。由此可知，本句承接上文接著說(shuō)明活著的意義是行動(dòng)和參加到生活中。故A選項(xiàng)“活著意味著你參加到生活中”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A?！?8題詳解】依據(jù)后文Beingbusyisaneffectivecuretoloneliness,helpsavoiddepressionandself-pity,andkeepsusinaconstantstateofmovement.可知?jiǎng)诼凳侵委煿陋?dú)的有效方法，有助于避開(kāi)懊喪和自憐，并使我們處于持續(xù)的運(yùn)動(dòng)狀態(tài)。由此可知，本段是在強(qiáng)調(diào)在生活中保持勞碌的重要性。故C選項(xiàng)“保持勞碌有時(shí)在生活中是很重要的”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?9題詳解】依據(jù)上文Butwhathappenswhenyoudon’tgiveaprojectortaskyourfulleffort?Areyoustilllivingwell?Orareyoushortchangingyourself,tryingtocheatandstillgetthereward?可知但是，假如你沒(méi)有全力完成一個(gè)項(xiàng)目或任務(wù)，會(huì)發(fā)生什么呢？你還過(guò)得好嗎？或者你是在欺瞞自己，試圖欺瞞卻仍舊得到嘉獎(jiǎng)？以及后文Notonlylearntofacethese,butalsotrytoovercomethem.可知不僅學(xué)會(huì)面對(duì)這些，也努力克服它們。由此可知，生活中你不得不面對(duì)沒(méi)有全力完成一個(gè)項(xiàng)目或任務(wù)的狀況，所以不僅學(xué)會(huì)面對(duì)這些，也努力克服它們。故D選項(xiàng)“有時(shí)在生活中你不得不面對(duì)這些”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?0題詳解】依據(jù)上文Thetruthisthateveryonecutscornersnowandthen.Maybeitisbecausewelacktime,energy,financialorotherresources.Sometimeswehavetomakeendsmeetbyshavingoffanitemorastep.Thatdoesn’tmeanwemakeahabitofit.可知事實(shí)是，每個(gè)人都有偷工減料的時(shí)候?；蛟S是因?yàn)槲覀內(nèi)鄙贂r(shí)間、精力、金錢(qián)或其他資源。有時(shí)我們不得不削減一件物品或一個(gè)臺(tái)階來(lái)維持收支平衡。這并不意味著我們會(huì)養(yǎng)成這樣的習(xí)慣。由此可知，本句承接上文，進(jìn)行總結(jié)，有時(shí)我們偷工減料、削減一件物品或一個(gè)臺(tái)階來(lái)維持收支平衡，不意味著我們會(huì)養(yǎng)成這樣的習(xí)慣，而是意味著我們?yōu)榱松畹酶?，?yīng)當(dāng)停下來(lái)思索。故G選項(xiàng)“這真的意味著我們?yōu)榱松畹酶?，?yīng)當(dāng)停下來(lái)思索”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。AnArkansasmom,CarrieJerrigan,wasshoppingatachildren'sshoestorerecentlyandendedupbuyingalltheshoesinthestore.Theshoppingwasn'tforher___21___.Itwas"tohelpothers___22___.CarrieJerrigansaidwhenshewaslookingaroundatshoes,herdaughter___23___"theavengers(報(bào)仇者)themedshoes".Herdaughterhasakindheart.Herdaughterdidn'twantthemforherself,___24___herdaughterwantedtobuythemforsomeonewhoneededthemmore."Mydaughtersaidtherewasaboyinherclassthatlovedavengersandhisshoeswereso___25___;shewantedtobuytheshoesforhim,"Jerrigansaid.Herdaughter'sdesiretohelpsomeoneelse___26___Jerrigan.Thestorewasclosingsosheaskedhowmuchitwould___27___tobuyouttheentirestore."Theclerklookedatme,feeling___28___,andsaidifshecouldhavemy___29___?"Jerriganremembered.Laterthat-day,shegotacallfromthestore'sdistrictmanager."Youcouldbuyalltheshoes,"themanagersaid.___30___theyjustreceivedashipmentofnewshoes,soshewouldnolongerbetakinghomehundreds,likeshethought.WhatJerriganthoughtwasgoingtobe200to300pairs.Butit___31___morethanthreetimes."The___32___thingyouknow,wearetryingto___33___howtogetalmost1,500pairsofshoeshomewithusthatday,"shesaid.Jerriganplanstogiveall1,500kidsinneed.Todoso,thefamilyplansonholdingaback-to-school___34___,wherethey'llhandoutpairsofshoes.Fornow,Jerrigan'shomeis___35___withshoeboxes.Jerrigandidn't___36___howmuchalltheshoescostherbutshe'sgivingthestudentsforfree.Jerricksaid"Ifyouaskthechildrenwhattheywanttobewhentheygrowup,theywillsaytobe___37___.Idon't___38___whattheydoinlifeaslongastheyarekindandgoodpeople.Iftheir___39___areintherightplace,theycando___40___things."21.A.colleagues B.kids C.friends D.roommates22.A.infavor B.inorder C.inneed D.inplace23.A.spotted B.realized C.got D.paid24.A.but B.so C.just D.then25.A.clean B.small C.fashionable D.good26.A.hurt B.occupied C.sympathized D.inspired27.A.earn B.rent C.cost D.have28.A.astonished B.annoyed C.miserable D.embarrassed29.A.address B.number C.email D.card30.A.Generally B.Regularly C.Fortunately D.Recently31.A.setdown B.metwith C.turnedin D.endedup32.A.best B.ambitious C.next D.stressful33.A.leaveout B.comeout C.cutout D.figureout34.A.trip B.event C.game D.accident35.A.rewarded B.presented C.filled D.equipped36.A.discuss B.argue C.ask D.say37.A.great B.lucky C.kind D.rich38.A.care B.reject C.guarantee D.abandon39.A.grades B.ideas C.hearts D.shoes40.A.supporting B.amazing C.disappointing D.disgusting【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.A25.B26.D27.C28.A29.B30.C31.D32.C33.D34.B35.C36.D37.C38.A39.C40.B【解析】這是一篇記敘文。本文講解并描述了阿肯色州的一位媽媽CarrieJerrigan和她的女兒買(mǎi)了一千多雙鞋，來(lái)幫助須要幫助的兒童。Jerrigan認(rèn)為只要孩子們的心在正確的地方，他們就能做驚人的事情?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：購(gòu)物不是為了她的孩子。A.colleagues同事；B.kids孩子；C.friends摯友；D.roommates室友。依據(jù)上文wasshoppingatachildren'sshoestore可知Jerrigan在童鞋店里的購(gòu)物并不是為了她自己的孩子。故選B。【22題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：那就是“幫助有須要的人?！盇.infavor有利于；B.inorder整齊；C.inneed在困難中，須要幫助；D.inplace適當(dāng)?shù)摹Ｒ罁?jù)空前的“help”一詞可知，應(yīng)當(dāng)是幫助有須要的人，倒數(shù)其次段中Jerriganplanstogiveall1,500kidsinneed.也有提示。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：CarrieJerrigan說(shuō)，當(dāng)她環(huán)顧四周看鞋子時(shí)，她的女兒發(fā)覺(jué)了“報(bào)仇者聯(lián)盟主題的鞋子”。A.spotted發(fā)覺(jué)；B.realized意識(shí)到；C.got得到；D.paid支付。依據(jù)后文"theavengersthemedshoes"可知是指發(fā)覺(jué)（spotted）了“報(bào)仇者聯(lián)盟主題的鞋子”。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查連詞辨析。句意：她的女兒不想自己要它們，但她想買(mǎi)給更須要它們的人。A.but但是；B.so所以；C.just僅僅；D.then然后。結(jié)合前后文語(yǔ)境可知為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞but。故選A。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Jerrigan說(shuō)：“我女兒說(shuō)她班上有個(gè)男孩很喜愛(ài)報(bào)仇者，但他的鞋子太小了；她想給他買(mǎi)雙鞋?！盇.clean干凈的；B.small小的；C.fashionable流行的；D.good好的。結(jié)合后文shewantedtobuytheshoesforhim可知女兒想給班上的男孩買(mǎi)些確定是因?yàn)樾犹×舜┎涣?，其他選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她女兒想要幫助別人的愿望激勵(lì)了Jerrigan。A.hurt損害；B.occupied占有；C.sympathized憐憫；D.inspired激勵(lì)。結(jié)合后文Jerrigan買(mǎi)下了全部的鞋子，送給有須要的人，可推知女兒想要幫助別人的愿望激勵(lì)了Jerrigan。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：那家店要關(guān)門(mén)了，所以她問(wèn)要花多少錢(qián)買(mǎi)下整個(gè)店里的鞋子。A.earn賺得；B.rent出租；C.cost花費(fèi)；D.have擁有。依據(jù)上文howmuchitwould可知是詢(xún)問(wèn)買(mǎi)下整個(gè)店的鞋子須要花費(fèi)多少錢(qián)。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：店員看著我，感到很驚異，然后問(wèn)我能不能給她我的電話(huà)號(hào)碼。A.astonished驚訝的；B.annoyed憤怒的；C.miserable凄慘的；D.embarrassed尷尬的。結(jié)合常識(shí)，顧客要買(mǎi)下整個(gè)店的鞋子，店員確定是感到很驚異的。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：店員看著我，感到很驚異，然后問(wèn)我能不能給她我的電話(huà)號(hào)碼。A.address地址；B.number數(shù)字；C.email郵件；D.card卡片。依據(jù)后文Laterthat-day,shegotacallfromthestore'sdistrictmanager.可知店員要了Jerrigan的電話(huà)號(hào)碼。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，他們剛收到一批新鞋，所以她不會(huì)再像她想象的那樣帶著幾百雙鞋回家了。A.Generally通常；B.Regularly定期地；C.Fortunately幸運(yùn)地是；D.Recently最近。依據(jù)后文theyjustreceivedashipmentofnewshoes,soshewouldnolongerbetakinghomehundreds,likeshethought.可知幸運(yùn)的是，經(jīng)理告知Jerrigan，他們剛收到一批新鞋，所以她不會(huì)再像她想象的那樣帶著幾百雙鞋回家了。故選C。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：但結(jié)果鞋子數(shù)量超過(guò)了三倍。A.setdown寫(xiě)下；B.metwith遇到；C.turnedin歸還，上交；D.endedup結(jié)