2025年高考英語總復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)22 語法填空＋閱讀理解

練習(xí)22語法填空+閱讀理解

I.語法填空

2024.湖北中學(xué)聯(lián)考說明文191詞★★★☆☆

Gathertogetheracoupleofgoodfriendsandtakealeisurelywalkthroughthestreets-thisis1.

manyyoungstersinChinaenjoydoingwhentheyvisitanewcity.

Tothem,Citywalkmeansroaming(漫步)aroundthecityonfoot.Itcanbeaspecial2.

(guide)tripforasmallgroupofpeople,3.simplyaleisurelywalkforoneortwotoexplorenew

areas,stickingtothekeypoint:avoidingfamousscenicspotsandbigcrowdstogain4.more

inclusiveexperienceoftheplacestheyvisit.

Citywalknotonlyoffersawayforyoungpeopletointeractwithacitybutalso5.(provide)

themwithanewsocialscene.XiaoYiyi,aCitywalk6.(enthusiastic),launchedher

Changsharouteonhersocialmediaaccount,includingmoreoffbeatsightslikehistoricalsitesandevenastop-off

7.(sample)thelocalcuisine.Manytourguidesalsotrytoexpandtheirinfluenceonline,

8.(share)theirexperiencestoattractpotentialcustomers.

Citywalkisofferingapositivechangetourbantravelersastheycan9.(well)choosethe

experiencesthatfitinwiththeirinterestsandneeds.Atthesametime,Citywalkrepresentsanopportunityfor

tourguidesandtravelserviceproviderstoofferamoretailored,10.(profession)servicetomeet

ever-changingmarketdemands.

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。一股“城市漫步"(Citywalk)熱潮席卷全國，成為年輕人的旅游新

寵。它為城市旅行者提供了一個(gè)積極的改變，同時(shí)為導(dǎo)游和旅游服務(wù)提供商提供了一個(gè)機(jī)會。

1.答案與解析：what分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)表語從句。從句中doing后缺少賓語，且表示事

物，故填whato句意：和幾個(gè)好朋友聚在一起，悠閑地在街上漫步一這是許多中國年輕人在參觀新城市

時(shí)喜歡做的事情。

2.答案與解析：guided空處作定語修飾空后名詞trip,且表“有向?qū)У?，有?dǎo)游的"，故填形容詞

guidedo

3.答案與解析：or語境：對他們來說，Citywalk意味著在一個(gè)城市里漫步。它可以是一小群人的特

殊導(dǎo)覽之旅，也可以僅僅是一兩個(gè)人悠閑地散步以探索新的地區(qū)。根據(jù)語境可知，上下文是選擇關(guān)系，故

用or來連接。

4.答案與解析：a根據(jù)空前為動詞和空后為名詞短語可知，此處應(yīng)填冠詞，且此處表泛指，故填a。

語境：避開著名景點(diǎn)和人群，以獲得更具包容性的游覽體驗(yàn)。

5.答案與解析：provides本句用notonly...butalso…來連接，所連接的部分詞性一致，故本空應(yīng)該與

offers的時(shí)態(tài)一致，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語與provide為主動關(guān)系，且主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，故填provides。句

意：Citywalk不僅為年輕人提供了一種與城市互動的方式，還為他們提供了一個(gè)新的社交場景。

6.答案與解析：enthusiast本句的主語XiaoYiyi是一個(gè)人名，故此處表示她是一個(gè)城市漫步的熱衷者，

故填enthusiasto

7.答案與解析：t。sample句意：城市漫步愛好者肖依依在她的社交媒體賬號上推出了她的長沙路線，

其中包括更多另類景點(diǎn)，如歷史遺跡，甚至還有一個(gè)品嘗當(dāng)?shù)孛朗车恼军c(diǎn)。本空用不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作目的狀語。

sample在此作動詞，意為“品嘗”，屬于熟詞生義的用法。

8.答案與解析：sharing分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在句中作非謂語。share與邏輯主語Manytourguides

之間是主謂關(guān)系，故填sharingo句意：許多導(dǎo)游也盡力在網(wǎng)上擴(kuò)大影響力，分享他們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)以吸引潛在客

戶。

9.答案與解析：better句意：Citywalk為城市旅行者提供了一個(gè)積極的改變，因?yàn)樗麄兛梢愿玫剡x

擇符合自己愛好和需求的體驗(yàn)。根據(jù)句意可知，本空填well的比較級better“更好地”。

10.答案與解析：professional空處修飾名詞service,應(yīng)用形容詞professional"專業(yè)的”。句意：同

時(shí)，Citywalk為導(dǎo)游和旅游服務(wù)提供商提供了一個(gè)機(jī)會，可以提供更量身訂制的專業(yè)服務(wù)，以滿足不斷變

化的市場需求。

II.閱讀理解

A

2024?新課標(biāo)II卷，D書評318詞★★★☆☆

GiventheastonishingpotentialofAItotransformourlives,weallneedtotakeactiontodealwithour

Al-poweredfuture,andthisiswhereAIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligencecomesin.This

absorbingnewbookbyCatrionaCampbellisapracticalroadmapaddressingthechallengesposedbythe

forthcomingAIrevolution（變革）.

Inthewronghands,suchabookcouldproveascomplicatedtoprocessasthecomputercode（代碼）

thatpowersAIbut,thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades'professionalexperiencetranslatingtheheady

intotheunderstandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinesspersonratherthanasanacademic,

makingforaguidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformativeandwhich,bytheclose,willmakeyoufeelalmost

assmartasAL

AswesooncometolearnfromAlbyDesign,AIisalreadysuper-smartandwillbecomemorecapable,

movingfromthecurrentgenerationof“narrow-AI“toArtificialGeneralIntelligence.Fromthere,Campbellsays,

willcomeArtificialDominantIntelligence.ThisiswhyCampbellhassetouttoraiseawarenessofAIanditsfuture

now一severaldecadesbeforethesedevelopmentsareexpectedtotakeplace.Shesaysitisessentialthatwekeep

controlofartificialintelligence,orriskbeingsidelinedandperhapsevenworse.

CampbelFspointistowakeupthoseresponsibleforAI-thetechnologycompaniesandworldleaders一so

theyareonthesamepageasalltheexpertscurrentlydevelopingit.Sheexplainsweareata“tippingpoint”in

historyandmustactnowtopreventanextinction-leveleventforhumanity.Weneedtoconsiderhowwewantour

futurewithAItopanout.Suchstructuredthinking,followedbyglobalregulation,willenableustoachieve

greatnessratherthanourdownfall.

AIwillaffectusall,andifyouonlyreadonebookonthesubject,thisisit.

語篇類型：書評主題語境：人與社會——圖書推薦一AlbyDesign

【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了英國人工智能專家卡特里奧娜?坎貝爾2022年度暢銷書A/byOesig兒?A

PlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligenceo書中探討了當(dāng)前人工智能的發(fā)展趨勢和即將到來的人工智能革命，

呼吁技術(shù)公司和世界領(lǐng)袖應(yīng)與人工智能專家們達(dá)成共識、攜手共進(jìn)、共同面對。

1.Whatdoesthephrase“Inthewronghands“inparagraph2probablymean?

A.Ifreadbysomeonepoorlyeducated.

B.Ifreviewedbysomeoneill-intentioned.

C.Ifwrittenbysomeonelesscompetent.

D.Iftranslatedbysomeoneunacademic.

答案與解析：C理解詞匯。根據(jù)畫線詞后面的“but,thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades,

professionalexperiencetranslatingtheheadyintotheunderstandable”可知，坎貝爾有二十多年的專業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，她

能將令人頭暈的東西轉(zhuǎn)化為容易理解的東西。由此可見，畫線的“Inthewronghands”指的應(yīng)該是如果換一個(gè)

能力不如坎貝爾的人來寫這本書，故C項(xiàng)正確。competent“足以勝任的，有能力的，稱職的“。A項(xiàng)“如

果被受教育程度低的人閱讀”；B項(xiàng)“如果被懷有惡意的人評論”；C項(xiàng)“如果被不那么稱職的人來寫”；

D項(xiàng)“如果被不適合做學(xué)術(shù)的人來翻譯”。

2.WhatisafeatureofAlbyDesignaccordingtothetext?

A.Itispackedwithcomplexcodes.

B.Itadoptsadown-to-earthwritingstyle.

C.Itprovidesstep-by-stepinstructions.

D.ItisintendedforAIprofessionals.

答案與解析：B推斷。根據(jù)第二段中的"Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinessperson...aguide

whichishighlyaccessibleandinformative”可知，她從一個(gè)商人的實(shí)際角度來寫作，使得這本書成為非常易懂

且信息豐富的指南。由此可見，這本書的寫作風(fēng)格非常務(wù)實(shí)，故選B°down-to-earth"務(wù)實(shí)的，腳踏實(shí)地的”。

3.WhatdoesCampbellurgepeopletodoregardingAIdevelopment?

A.Observeexistingregulationsonit.

B.Reconsiderexpertopinionsaboutit.

C.Makejointeffortstokeepitundercontrol.

D.Learnfrompriorexperiencetoslowitdown.

答案與解析：C理解具體信息。根據(jù)第三段中的"Shesaysitisessentialthatwekeepcontrolofartificial

intelligence”和第四段中的“CampbelFspointistowakeupthoseresponsibleforAI——thetechnologycompanies

andworldleaders-sotheyareonthesamepageasalltheexpertscurrentlydevelopingit”可知，坎貝爾建議讓人

工智能的發(fā)展處于控制下，并呼吁技術(shù)公司、世界領(lǐng)袖和人工智能專家攜手應(yīng)對，故C項(xiàng)正確。

4.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.TorecommendabookonAL

B.TogiveabriefaccountofAIhistory.

C.ToclarifythedefinitionofAL

D.TohonoranoutstandingAIexpert.

答案與解析：A理解目的。根據(jù)最后一段"AIwillaffectusall,andifyouonlyreadonebookonthesubject,

thisisit”并結(jié)合全文可知，本文主要給讀者推薦了卡特里奧娜?坎貝爾的書AlbyDesign'.APlanforLivingwith

ArtificialIntelligence,故A項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)“推薦一本關(guān)于人工智能的書”；B項(xiàng)“簡述人工智能的歷史”；C

項(xiàng)“闡明人工智能的定義”；D項(xiàng)“向一位杰出的人工智能專家致敬”。

B

2024?沈陽高三質(zhì)檢說明文328詞★★★☆☆

InastudyinthejournalScience,researchersatNorthwesternUniversityinIllinoisreportedthattheyhad

developedaneffectiveandinexpensivemethodforbreakingdownchemicalscalledper-andpolyfluoroalkyl

substances(PFAS).

PFAS,firstcreatedinthe1930s,arechemicalcompounds（化合物）.Theyareusedtomakeawiderangeof

everydayproducts,includingnonstickpans,carpeting,electronics,andfast-foodwrappers.Oncethechemicalsare

intheenvironment,theyarealmostimpossibletoeliminatebecausetheyaredesignedtoavoidbreakingdown.

Researchershavelinkedregularlevelsofexposuretothesechemicalswithseveralhealthproblems,includingliver

damage,anincreasedriskofcancer,andreducedimmunity.

ScientistshadpreviouslyfiguredouthowtoremovePFASfrompollutedwaterorsoilbuttherewasnosafe

andeffectivewaytodestroythemoncetheywereremoved.ThestudyreportedthatwhentheteamboiledPFAS

molecules（分子）withtwocommonsubstances,thePFASquicklybrokedownandbecameharmless.

In2020,WilliamDichtel,achemistandprofessoratNorthwestern,readastudyinwhichchemistsatthe

UniversityofAlberta,inCanada,foundaneasywaytobreakdownchainsofmolecules.Heaskedagraduate

student,BrittanyTrang,totrythemethodonPFASmolecules.

TranghadspentmonthsinthelabunsuccessfullyattemptingtopullapartPFAS,andatfirstshethought

DichteFsideawastoosimpletowork.Butshetriedit,boilingPFASwithacommonsolvent（溶齊（j）calleddimethyl

sulfoxide（DMSO）.TrangwasshockedwhentheprocessdestroyedthePFAS.ShelatermixedDMSOwitha

chemicalcalledsodiumhydroxideandbrokedownPFASevenmorequickly.

ThescientistswillworkonwaystodestroyPFASoutsidethelabsolargeamountsofforeverchemicalscanbe

brokendownatonce."It'sahugechallenge,butit*sinourgrasp,“DichteltoldTheNewYorkTimes.Scientists

arealsocallingforadecreaseintheamountofPFASbeingreleasedintothenaturalworld.InJune,theUS

governmentannouncednewplanstomonitorPFAS,decreasetheamountofPFASreleasedintotheenvironment,

andaddresstheeffectsofPFASonhumanhealth.

【語篇解讀】伊利諾伊州西北大學(xué)的研究人員說他們已經(jīng)開發(fā)出一種有效且廉價(jià)的方法來分解被稱

為PFAS的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。本文重點(diǎn)介紹了這種降解方法。

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminate“probablymeaninParagraph2?

A.Identify.B.Destroy.

C.Appear.D.Release.

答案與解析：B理解詞匯。根據(jù)畫線詞后的句子“becausetheyaredesignedtoavoidbreakingdown”可知，

這是因?yàn)樗鼈兊脑O(shè)計(jì)是為了避免分解，據(jù)此可知，一旦這些化學(xué)物質(zhì)進(jìn)入環(huán)境，它們幾乎不可能被消除。

所以畫線詞的意思是“消除"，與destroy意思相近。

6.HowdidWilliamDichtelfindthewaytobreakdownchainsofmolecules?

A.Hegotinformationfromastudyofothers.

B.Heconductedtheexperimentsonhisown.

C.Hisgraduatestudent,BrittanyTrang,toldhim.

D.ChemistsattheUniversityofAlbertatoldhim.

答案與解析：A理解具體信息。根據(jù)第四段中的“In2020…chainsofmolecules”可知，西北大學(xué)的化學(xué)

家兼教授WilliamDichtel閱讀了一項(xiàng)研究，加拿大一所大學(xué)的化學(xué)家在該研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種分解分子鏈的

簡單方法。據(jù)此可知，WilliamDichtel是從別人的研究中得到了信息以此找到分解分子鏈的方法的。

7.WhatcanwelearnaboutBrittanyTrang'sexperiment?

A.ShetriedthemethodfromDichtelbutdidn'tsucceedatfirst.

B.ShepulledapartPFASwithherownideaatherfirstattempt.

C.ShedevelopedamoreeffectivemethodtobreakdownPFAS.

D.ShethoughtDichteFsideawastoosimple,soshedidn'ttryit.

答案與解析：C理解具體信息。根據(jù)第五段中的“Butshetriedit...evenmorequickly”可知，她嘗試用一

種叫DMSO的普通溶劑煮沸PFAS,這種方法可以降解PFAS;此后她將DMSO與一種叫氫氧化鈉的化學(xué)

物質(zhì)混合，更快地分解PFAS。據(jù)此可知，BrittanyTrang發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種更有效的方法來分解PFAS。

8.Whatdoscientistsadvocateth