BFT（閱讀）模擬試卷1（共405題）

BFT（閱讀）模擬試卷1（共9套）（共405題）BFT（閱讀）模擬試卷第1套一、第一部分(本題共8題，每題1.0分，共8分。)Readthearticlebelowandchoosethebestsentencefromthelistonthenextpagetofilleachofthegaps.Foreachgap(1-8)markoneletter(A~H)ontheAnswerSheet.Donotmarkanylettertwice.SmartphoneDatatoGiveEarlyWarningofEarthquakesOnedaylastAugust,intheearlyhoursofthemorning,a6.0-magnitudeearthquakerockedNapaValley,wakingpeopleallaroundCalifornia'sfamedwineregion.【R1】______Oncethequakewasover,trackercompanyJawbonegatheredthedatainapublicgraphic,usingittodetailthedifferencesindisturbanceforlifeloggersinBerkeley,OaklandandSanJose.Nownewresearchshowsthatsensorsinsmartphonescangiveearlywarningofanearthquaketoo.【R2】______Manyofuswalkaroundladenwithdevicesthatcompiledataonourmovementsandinterests-datathatseismologistsnowwanttohelpspotthenextmajorearthquake.AttheUSGeologicalSurvey,BenjaminBrooksislookingtosmartphonesratherthanfinelytunedscientificinstrumentstopredictbigquakes.SmartphonescomeequippedwithGPSsensorsthatcantellwhereyou'restanding,giveortakeafewmetres.【R3】______Theycanalsosenseasuddenlurchinonedirection—thekindofmovementthat,whenloggedbymanypeopleatonce,mightbeasignofaseismicshift."ImagineallofPortlandwasoutatacafeonasunnyday,andeveryone'ssmartphonesweresittingonthetablewhenoneofthesegreatearthquakeshappened,"saysBrooks."Thewholecitywouldappeartomove."【R4】______Onesimulationexploredamodelmagnitude7.0earthquakealongtheHaywardfault,andanotherusedactuallocationdatarecordedatscientificstationsduringJapan'sdevastating2011megaquake.Bothscenariossuggestedthatdatafromaround5,000peoplewouldbeenoughtospotthebeginningsofamajorearthquake,leavingabout5secondstowarnmajorpopulationcentresthathadn'tyetfeltitseffects.Whenanearthquakeiscoming,afewsecondsofwarningcanbecrucial.【R5】______"Yougetoutinfrontofthesituationandinformpeoplebeforeanyilleffects,"saysBrooks.SmartsensingThisisn'tseismologists'firstforayintosmartphones.Twoyearsago,researchersattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyinPasadenacameoutwithanapp,Crowdshake,whichmonitorsaphone'saccelerometer.【R6】______Untilthen,Brooksandhiscolleaguesplantokeepputtingsmartphonestothetest.InanupcomingpilotinChile,about250phoneswillbestrippedoftheirstandardGPScardsandplacedinboxesaroundthecountry,wherethey'lllieinwaittorecordthenextbigearthquake.Othershavefoundingeniouswaystotapintohumanactivitytolocatequakes.【R7】______Wheneverthere'sasuddensurgeoftraffictotheirwebsite,theylookatwherevisitorsareaccessingitfromtogetasenseofwheretheearthquakeisandhowstrongitmightbe.【R8】______Withinacoupleofminutes,theyhaveenoughinformationtopublishtheirfirstunconfirmedreportsofthequake."Theinternetisthenervoussystemoftheplanet,"saysRemyBossu,secretarygeneralatthecentre."Ifwewanttomakerapidearthquakeinformationavailabletothepublicandauthorities,wehavetofocusontheearthquakesthatmatterforthem."A.AttheEuropean-MediterraneanSeismologicalCenter,seismologistsrelyontheinternettopinpointwhereearthquakesarehappeningaroundtheglobe.B.Manywerewearingfitnesstrackers.C.Unfortunately,withGPSdataitisn'tassimpleasbuildinganapp:Smartphonemanufacturersdon'tcurrentlyprovideaccesstotherawdatarequired.D.WhileJawbone'spostdidn'tinspireconfidenceintheprivacyofusers'data,itdidmakeapoint:Humanscanbeusefulsensors.E.Onanordinaryday,thesearewhatallowustomapourwaytoastoreorgeolocateourtweets.F.Fire-stationdoorscouldstarttoraise,gaspipelinescouldautomaticallyshutoff,andcityresidentscouldjumptosafetyunderanearbydesk.G.TheyalsomonitorTwitterforrelevantkeywords.H.BrooksandhiscolleagueshavenowtestedwhatcrowdsourcedGPSdatamightlooklikeinarealearthquake.1、【R1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格前說(shuō)的是清晨的地震驚醒了加州著名紅酒產(chǎn)區(qū)的人們。而B句承上啟下地談到了其中許多人都隨身佩戴健身跟蹤器，正好引出下文：跟蹤器生產(chǎn)廠商收集跟蹤器傳送的數(shù)據(jù)信息做研究。2、【R2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：D句的意思是雖然Jawbone之前所說(shuō)有侵犯用戶隱私的嫌疑，但卻也說(shuō)明人們可以成為有效的傳感器。而空格后正是D句的具體化和延伸——人們佩戴跟蹤裝置游走世界，地震學(xué)家們則通過(guò)這些跟蹤器傳輸?shù)臄?shù)據(jù)預(yù)測(cè)下一次大地震的發(fā)生。3、【R3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格前說(shuō)的是配有GPS感應(yīng)器的智能手機(jī)具有定位的功能，而E句的例子正是定位功能的體現(xiàn)。4、【R4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：在空格前一段，Brooks說(shuō)地震來(lái)臨之際，通過(guò)人們的智能手機(jī)可以顯示全城民眾的動(dòng)態(tài)。而H句緊接上文談到了Brooks的團(tuán)隊(duì)正涉及測(cè)試民眾GPS數(shù)據(jù)在真實(shí)地震中的現(xiàn)象?？崭窈蟮睦C正是對(duì)H句測(cè)試方法的具體解釋。5、【R5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格前說(shuō)震前預(yù)警很重要，F(xiàn)句則具體例證如何重要。6、【R6】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格前說(shuō)兩年前研究人員就曾設(shè)計(jì)出一款手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序軟件，用以監(jiān)測(cè)手機(jī)的加速度。而C句緊接著談到要獲取GPS數(shù)據(jù)并不是僅僅設(shè)計(jì)出一款手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序軟件那樣簡(jiǎn)單，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在的手機(jī)生產(chǎn)商并不會(huì)提供獲取原始數(shù)據(jù)的方法途徑。7、【R7】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格前說(shuō)另一些人運(yùn)用巧妙的方法通過(guò)人們的活動(dòng)來(lái)確定地震的位置。A句則舉例說(shuō)明歐洲一地中海地震中心的地震學(xué)家們依靠網(wǎng)絡(luò)來(lái)確定全球地震發(fā)生的位置。8、【R8】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格前說(shuō)如何通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)來(lái)確定地震發(fā)生的位置和強(qiáng)度。G句緊接著談到同時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)推特相應(yīng)的關(guān)鍵詞。空格后則是對(duì)前兩句的總結(jié)——幾分鐘內(nèi)，地震學(xué)家就能獲得足夠的信息發(fā)布首則未經(jīng)證實(shí)的地震報(bào)道。二、第二部分(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)Readthefollowingarticleandanswerquestions9-18onthenextpage.Apples:TheLiveLongerFruit0.Appleshavebeenaproductofhealthyeatingformanyyears,andtheoften-repeatedlineofanappleadaykeepingthedoctorawayisfarfromamyth.Applesreallydohaveawonderfulvarietyofnutritionalbenefits,andareatastyadditiontoanydietofgoodhealthandlongevity.Belowisalistofthetopfivebenefitsofmakingapplesastandardpartofyourdailydiet.1.Pectin(果膠)isasourceofdietaryfiberandaveryhandynutrienttohaveinone'sdiet.Whileitisalsofoundinoranges,plums,andotherfruits,appleshavethehighestconcentrationofthemall.Pectinworkstoincreasethestool'svolumeandresistanceoffluidsandisthereforehelpfulintreatingconstipation,diarrhea,andgenerallyimprovingthehealthofthebowels(腸).2.Astudyonnutritionandheartdiseasefoundthateatingthreeapplesadayforthreemonthscanhelpyoutodropyourcholesterolbyatleast20points.Howdoesthishappen?Applepectin,thatmiraculoussourceofdietaryfiber,helpstodrawbadLDLcholesteroloutofthesystem.Notonlythat,buttheantioxidantquercetin(櫟皮酮)thatisfoundinapplesinhibitstheLDLcholesterolfromevenaccumulatinginthebody'sbloodstream.3.Thehighamountsofquercetin,otherflavonoids(類黃酮),andphytochemicals(植物化學(xué)因子)foundinthisfruitdeliverpotentantioxidantactivitytoallwhoeatanapple,andwiththatinhibittheactionsoffreeradicals.Inaddition,thephytochemicalsmayactagainstcancer-causingsubstances,whichwilllikewisehelptopreventcancer.Thismeansthatappleeatingpreventscanceroftheprostate(前列腺)andlung,aswellasotherpartsofthebody.4.Theremayhavebeenmanygenerationsofexplorersthatsoughtthefountainofyouth,butalltheyhadtodowasfightthedailystressesoflifewithatastyapple!Thephytochemicalsthatcomefromthebrightcolorsyoufindintheskinsofyourfavoriteapplevariety,alongwithaidingtheapple'sabilitytolowercholesterolandfightcancer,alsoinhibitstheonsetofdiabetes,highbloodpressure,heartdisease,andotherconditionsthatleadtopotentiallyweakeningsituationsinoldage.5.Ifkeepingafullheadofhairwillhelpyoutoagemoregracefully,thenchowdownonsomeapples.Chinesemedicineconsidershairlosstobeasignofareducedkidneyessence,andapplesareonthelistoffruitsandvegetablesthatwillhelpyoutorestorethisessenceandnourishthebloodthatflowstoyourhairfollicles(毛囊).Questions9-13(10marks)Forquestions9-13,choosethebesttitleforeachparagraphfromtheboxbelow.Foreachnumberedparagraph(1-5),markoneletter(A~G)ontheAnswerSheet.Donotmarkanylettertwice.A.Appleslowercholesterol.B.Applesbenefityoungandold.C.Applesslowtheagingprocess.D.Applesreducetheriskofcancer.E.Appleshelptopreventhairloss.F.Applesenrichpeople'sdiet.G.Applesimprovethebowels.9、Paragraph1:______標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第2段最后一句話是本段的總結(jié)句“果膠能夠促進(jìn)腸胃健康?！币虼舜鸢甘荊。10、Paragraph2:______標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第3段提到吃蘋果可以降低膽固醇，及其這個(gè)過(guò)程是如何發(fā)生的，因此答案是A。11、Paragraph3:______標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第4段談到蘋果中的植物化學(xué)因子可以抑制癌細(xì)胞的產(chǎn)生，所以選項(xiàng)D的“吃蘋果減少患癌的危險(xiǎn)?！睘檎_選項(xiàng)。12、Paragraph4:______標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第5段提到植物化學(xué)因子可以抑制各種各樣的疾病，并且能夠阻止引起人類衰老的各種不良情況，因此“蘋果延緩衰老。”可為正確選項(xiàng)。13、Paragraph5:______標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第6段提到多吃蘋果可以讓毛發(fā)茂盛，因此“多吃蘋果可以避免毛發(fā)脫落?！笔钦_選項(xiàng)。Usingtheinformationinthetext,completeeachsentence14-18withanexpressionfromthelistbelow.Foreachsentence(14-18),markoneletter(A~G)ontheAnswerSheet.Donotmarkanylettertwice.A.differentcolorsB.hairfolliclesC.dietaryfiberD.antioxidantactivityE.theircholesterolF.hairlossG.freeradicals14、Applesprovidepeoplewith______.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：參考第2段第1句。15、Eatingapplesenablepeopletodrop______.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：參考第3段第1句。16、Appleeatingisconducivetotheinhibitionof______.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：參考第4段第1句。17、Theskinsofdifferentkindsofapplesmayappearin______.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：參考第5段第2句。18、Acommonproblemintheelderlyis______.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：參考第6段第1及第2句。三、第三部分(本題共7題，每題1.0分，共7分。)Readthefollowingarticlefromabookandanswerquestions19-25.Forquestions19-25,choosethecorrectanswerA,B,CorD.HomeIsWheretheTongueIsForallthepressuresandrewardsofregionalizationandglobalization,localidentitiesremainthemostingrained.Eveniftheendresultofglobalizationistomaketheworldsmaller,itsscopeseemstofostertheneedformoreintimatelocalconnectionsamongmanyindividuals.AsBernardPoignant,mayorofthetownofQuimperinBrittany,toldtheWashingtonPost,"Manisafragileanimalandheneedshiscloseattachments.Themoreopentheworldbecomes,themoretiestherewillbetoone'srootsandone'sland."Inmostcommunities,locallanguagessuchasPoignant'sBretonserveastrongsymbolicfunctionasaclearmarkof"authenticity".Thesumtotalofacommunity'ssharedhistoricalexperience,authenticityreflectsaperceivedlinefromaculturallyidealizedpasttothepresent,carriedbythelanguageandtraditionsassociatedwiththecommunity'sorigins.AconcernforauthenticityleadsmostsecularIsraelistochampionHebrewamongthemselveswhilealsoacquiringEnglishandevenArabic.ThesameobsessionwithauthenticitydrivesHasidicJewsinIsraelortheDiasporatochampionYiddishwhilealsolearningHebrewandEnglish.Ineachcase,authenticityamountstoacentralcoreofculturalbeliefsandinterpretationsthatarenotonlyresistanttoglobalizationbutalsoareactuallyreinforcedbythe"threat"thatglobalizationseemstopresenttothesehistoricalvalues.Scholarsmayarguethatculturalidentitieschangeovertimeinresponsetospecificrewardsystems.Butlocalsoftenresistsuchexplanationanddefendauthenticityandlocalmothertonguesagainsttheperceivedthreatofglobalizationwithnearreligiousardor.Asaresult,neverbeforeinhistoryhavetherebeenasmanystandardizedlanguagesastherearetoday:roughly1,200.Manysmallerlanguages,eventhosewithfarfewerthanonemillionspeakers,havebenefitedfromstate-sponsoredorvoluntarypreservationmovements.Onthemostinformallevel,communitiesinAlaskaandtheAmericannorthwesthaveformedInternetdiscussiongroupsinanattempttopassonNativeAmericanlanguagestoyoungergenerations.IntheBasque,Catalan,andGalicianregionsofSpain,suchmovementsarcfiercelypoliticalandfrequentlyinvolvestaunchresistancetotheSpanishgovernmentoverpoliticalandlinguisticrights.ProjectshaverangedfromacampaigntoprintSpanishmoneyinthefourofficiallanguagesofthestatetothecreationoflanguageimmersionnurseryandprimaryschools.ZapatistasinMexicoarechampioningtherevivalofMayanlanguagesinanequallypoliticalcampaignforlocalautonomy.Inadditiontoinvokingthesubjectiveimportanceoflocalroots,proponentsoflocallanguagesdefendtheircontinueduseonpragmaticgrounds.Localtonguesfosterhigherlevelsofschoolsuccess,higherdegreesofparticipationinlocalgovernment,moreinformedcitizenship,andbetterknowledgeofone'sownculture,history,andfaith.Governmentandreliefagenciescanalsouselocallanguagestospreadinformationaboutindustrialandagriculturaltechniquesaswellasmodernhealthcaretodiverseaudiences.DevelopmentworkersinWestAfrica,forexample,havefoundthatthebestwaytoteachthevastnumberoffarmerswithlittleornoformaleducationhowtosowandrotatecropsforhigheryieldsisintheselocaltongues.Nevertheless,bothregionalizationandglobalizationrequirethatmoreandmorespeakersandreadersoflocallanguagesbemulti-literate.19、InParagraph1,theauthorquotedamayor’swordtoshowthatglobalization______.A、strengthenslocalidentitiesB、weakensregionalizationC、strengthensindividualismD、weakenslocalattachments標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：該題用人名迅速定位在第1段，定位詞所在的句子和前一句話是觀點(diǎn)和例子闡釋的關(guān)系。前一句話是說(shuō)雖然全球化讓世界越變?cè)叫?，但它也促使個(gè)體之間更加親密，即增加了A選項(xiàng)所說(shuō)的“地方認(rèn)同”。20、Theword"authenticity"inParagraph2refersto______.A、astrongsymbolicculturalfunctionB、acommunity’ssharedhistoricalexperienceC、ageneralassociationoflanguageandtraditionsD、alineofdevelopmentfrompasttothepresent標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：“authenticity”所在的句子的后一句進(jìn)一步闡釋了什么是“authenticity”，即“acommunity’ssharedhistoricalexperience”，故選B。21、Theinfluenceofglobalizationonauthenticityisthatit______.A、weakenstheauthorityofauthenticityB、hindersthedevelopmentofauthenticityC、enhancestheimportanceofauthenticityD、promotesthematurityofauthenticity標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)題干里的“theinfluenceofglobalization”定位在第2段的第7-9行，該句大概意思是“authenticity(這里根據(jù)上下文是指血統(tǒng)的純正性)是文化信仰的核心，文化信仰一方面抵制全球化，一方面又被全球化增強(qiáng)了”。故C選項(xiàng)和原文意思相符。22、Locals’resistancetothethreatofglobalizationmayresultin______.A、therevivalofsomedyinglanguagesB、theincreaseofformalInternetcommunitiesC、movementsandprojectstoprotectlocalrightsD、campaignsandchampionsofvariousgroups標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：這是一道細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)“resistance”和“thethreatofglobalization”定位在第2段最后一句話。該句大意是“地方主義者反對(duì)這種解釋(即上一句的scholars的觀點(diǎn))，近乎用類似宗教的熱誠(chéng)來(lái)捍衛(wèi)血統(tǒng)的純正性和母語(yǔ)免受全球化的威脅”，第3段用“asaresult”把上下兩段緊密聯(lián)系起來(lái)。第3段列舉了幾個(gè)不同地方的人們和團(tuán)體是如何捍衛(wèi)血統(tǒng)的純正性和母語(yǔ)免受全球化威脅的。綜合兩段內(nèi)容，由此推理出C正確。23、AmericadiffersfromSpainandMexicointhat______.A、itsvolunteershaveenoughsponsorshipfromthestateB、itslocalsarenotinterestedinfindingnativeAmericansC、itsyouthsareeagertopassonthelocaltraditionsD、itsmovementsarenotpolitical標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：該題定位在第3段中間至結(jié)尾。美國(guó)使用“internetdiscussiongroups”，而西班牙進(jìn)行的是“movementsarefiercelypolitical”，墨西哥的捍衛(wèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)也是“anequallypoliticalcampaign”，故D正確。24、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A、Pragmatically,locallanguagesarelessusedthanEnglish.B、Locallanguagesaremoreimportantindailylife.C、Thesmallertheworldis,themoreunitedthelocalsare.D、Therelationbetweenlocalizationandglobalizationisdouble-win.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：最后一段主要講地方語(yǔ)言的眾多用處，但并沒(méi)明確比較地方語(yǔ)言和英語(yǔ)在實(shí)際應(yīng)用方面孰多孰少，所以A選項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤表述。25、Locallanguageusersneedto______.A、goabroadtomasteranotherlanguageB、championthosedyinglanguagesC、learnalanguagebesidestheirlocallanguagesD、strengthenlocallanguagestodefeatEnglish標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文章結(jié)尾一句意思是“不管怎樣，區(qū)域化和全球化都要求會(huì)說(shuō)或會(huì)讀一種地方語(yǔ)言的人多語(yǔ)化”，故C正確。四、第四部分(本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。)Readthefollowingpassageanddecidewhichanswerbestfitseachspace.Forquestions26~45,markoneletterA,B,CorDontheAnswerSheet.The"standardofliving"ofanycountrymeansthe【C1】______person'sshareofthegoodsandserviceswhichthecountryproduces.Acountry'sstandardofliving,thereforedepends【C2】______andforemostonitscapacitytoproducewealth."Wealth"inthis【C3】______isnotmoney,forwedonotliveonmoney【C4】______onthingsthatmoneycanbuy:"goods"suchasfoodandclothing,and"services"suchas【C5】______and"entertainment".Acountry'scapacitytoproducewealthdependsuponmanyfactors,mostofwhichhaveaneffect【C6】______oneanother.Wealthdepends【C7】______agreatextentuponacountry'snaturalresources.Someregionsoftheworldarewellsuppliedwithcoalandminerals,andhavea【C8】______soilandafavorableclimate;otherregions【C9】______noneofthem.Nexttonaturalresources【C10】______theabilitytoturnthemtouse.ChinaisperhapsaswelloffastheUSAinnaturalresources,butsufferedformanyyearsfrom【C11】______andexternalwars,andforthisandotherreasonswasincapable【C12】______herresources.Soundand【C13】______politicalconditions,andfreedomfromforeigninvasion,enableacountrytodevelopitsnaturalresourcespeacefullyandsteadily,andtoproducemorewealththananothercountry【C14】______wellservedbynaturebutlesswellordered.Acountry'sstandardoflivingdoesnotonlydependuponthewealththatisproducedand【C15】______withinitsownborders,butalsouponwhatisindirectlyproducedthroughinternationaltrade.Forexample,Britain'swealthinfoodstuffsandotheragriculturalproductswouldbemuch【C16】______ifshehadtodependonlyonthosegrownathome.Trademakesitpossibleforhersurplusmanufacturedgoodstobetradedabroadfortheagriculturalproductsthatwould【C17】______belacking.Acountry'swealthis,therefore,much【C18】______byitsmanufacturingcapacity,【C19】______thatothercountriescanbefoundreadyto【C20】______itsmanufactures.26、【C1】A、commonB、averageC、usualD、normal標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：考點(diǎn)：詞義辨析。分析：本句意為：“一個(gè)國(guó)家的生活水平意味著該國(guó)人民——享受的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)份額。”4個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：A．common“普通的，共同的”；B．a(chǎn)verage“平均的”；C．usual“通常的”；D．normal“正常的”。只有選項(xiàng)B符合題意。27、【C2】A、firstB、importantC、mainD、primary標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：考點(diǎn)：習(xí)慣搭配。分析：詞組firstandforemost意為“首要的”，本句表示“因而一個(gè)國(guó)家的生活標(biāo)準(zhǔn)首要取決于該國(guó)生產(chǎn)財(cái)富的能力”。又如：Hedoesabitofwriting，butfirstandforemosthe’sateacher．(他也寫一些文章，但他首要是個(gè)教師。)28、【C3】A、wayB、feelingC、senseD、occasion標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：考點(diǎn)：詞義辨析。分析：本句4個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：A．(inthis)way“在這一方面”；B．feeling“感覺”；C．sense“意義，感官”；D．occasion習(xí)慣上與介詞on相搭配(onthisoccasion)，意為“在這一場(chǎng)合”。該句意為“財(cái)富在這一意義上不是指貨幣”，選項(xiàng)C既符合題意又符合語(yǔ)法要求。29、【C4】A、exceptB、butC、neitherD、besides標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：考點(diǎn)：固定結(jié)構(gòu)。分析：固定結(jié)構(gòu)not…but意為“不是……而是”。本句是解釋這里財(cái)富為什么不是指貨幣，即“我們并不以錢為生，而是靠錢能購(gòu)買的產(chǎn)品與服務(wù)生活”，因此選項(xiàng)B正確。30、【C5】A、vehiclesB、busesC、transportD、films標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：考點(diǎn)：上下文推理。分析：根據(jù)本句中信息詞entertainment(娛樂(lè)節(jié)目，招待)，可以判斷選項(xiàng)C．transport“交通”正確，作者在此以二者為例，說(shuō)明什么是service(服務(wù))。選項(xiàng)A．vehicles“車輛”(交通工具中一種)；選項(xiàng)B．buses“公共汽車”(交通工具中一種)；選項(xiàng)D．films“電影”(娛樂(lè)節(jié)目中一種)均因不符合邏輯要求而被排除。31、【C6】A、inB、aboutC、atD、on標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：考點(diǎn)：習(xí)慣搭配。分析：固定詞組haveaneffecton意為“對(duì)……有影響”，因此選項(xiàng)D正確。32、【C7】A、uponB、inC、onD、to標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：考點(diǎn)：習(xí)慣搭配。分析：固定詞組to…extent意為“達(dá)到……程度”。本句是指“財(cái)富在極大程度上依靠一個(gè)國(guó)家的自然資源”，因此選項(xiàng)D正確。又如：Thefilmhadquiteaneffectonher．(這影片對(duì)她的影響很大。)33、【C8】A、festalB、ferventC、fertileD、fetid標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：考點(diǎn)：形近詞辨析。分析：本句4個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：A．festal“節(jié)目的，歡樂(lè)的”；B．fervent“熱情的”；C．fertile“富饒的”；D．fetid“臭惡的”。該句是指“肥沃的土壤”，只有選項(xiàng)C符合題意。34、【C9】A、poseB、possessC、posseD、posset標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：考點(diǎn)：形近詞辨析。分析：本句4個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：A．pose“擺好姿勢(shì)，引起，提出”；B．possess“具有，持有”；C．posse“地方武裝團(tuán)隊(duì)”；D．posset“牛乳酒”。該句是指“其他地區(qū)不具備其中的任何一項(xiàng)”，只有選項(xiàng)B符合題意。35、【C10】A、comingB、comesC、comeD、havecome標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：考點(diǎn)：倒裝。分析：本句因狀語(yǔ)提前而主謂倒裝，主語(yǔ)是ability(能力)，因此選項(xiàng)B正確。該句繼上文講述影響生產(chǎn)水平的因素，即“繼自然資源的多寡之后就是利用他們的能力”。36、【C11】A、militaryB、overseasC、civilD、international標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：考點(diǎn)：上下文推理。分析：本句4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有選項(xiàng)C．civil“國(guó)內(nèi)的”與external“外部的”搭配符合邏輯，因此該選項(xiàng)正確。其他3個(gè)選項(xiàng)意思分別是：A．military“軍事的”；B．overseas“海外的”；D．international“國(guó)際的”，均不符合邏輯要求而被排除。37、【C12】A、todevelopB、ofdevelopingC、fordevelopingD、aboutdeveloping標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：考點(diǎn)：習(xí)慣搭配。分析：詞組becapableof(doing)sth．意為“能夠做……”，因此選項(xiàng)B正確。本句意為“由于某種原因，中國(guó)不能開發(fā)自己的資源”。又如：Heiscapableofrunningamileinfourminutes．(他能用4分鐘跑完1英里。)38、【C13】A、robustB、sturdyC、strongD、stable標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：考點(diǎn)：詞義辨析。分析：本句4個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：A．robust“健康，有活力的”；B．sturdy“健康的，牢固的”；C．strong“強(qiáng)壯的，有力的”；D．stable“穩(wěn)定的”。該句指的是“可靠穩(wěn)定的政治局勢(shì)”，只有選項(xiàng)D符合題意。39、【C14】A、lessB、littleC、equallyD、few標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：考點(diǎn)：上下文推理。分析：通過(guò)上下文可推斷本句指的是“比其他有同樣優(yōu)越的自然條件而政局穩(wěn)定性差些的國(guó)家，要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造更大的財(cái)富”，因此選項(xiàng)C“同樣，平等地”符合邏輯要求。40、【C15】A、consumedB、assumedC、presumedD、resumed標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：考點(diǎn)：形近詞辨析。分析：本句意為：“一個(gè)國(guó)家的生活水平不僅僅取決于其國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)和——的財(cái)富，也取決于通過(guò)對(duì)外貿(mào)易間接產(chǎn)生的財(cái)富?！?個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：A．consumed“消費(fèi)”；B．a(chǎn)ssumed“假設(shè)”；C．presumed“假設(shè)，冒昧做”；D．resumed“開始做，重新得到”。只有選項(xiàng)A符合題意。41、【C16】A、littleB、lessC、muchD、more標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：考點(diǎn)：固定結(jié)構(gòu)，上下文推理。分析：固定結(jié)構(gòu)“much+adj．／adv．比較級(jí)”，表示“……得多”，因此選項(xiàng)A．little，C．much可以被排除。根據(jù)上下文可判斷本句意為“如果英國(guó)只依賴于本國(guó)的食物及農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的話，它這方面帶來(lái)的財(cái)富將會(huì)少得多”，選項(xiàng)B既符合語(yǔ)法要求又符合邏輯要求。42、【C17】A、likelyB、otherwiseC、likewiseD、alike標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：考點(diǎn)：邏輯關(guān)系。分析：本句意為：“國(guó)際貿(mào)易使英國(guó)能夠用其富余的產(chǎn)品換來(lái)否則會(huì)匱乏的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品”選項(xiàng)B．otherwise“否則，要不然”符合邏輯要求。選項(xiàng)A．likely“可能”；C．likewise“同樣地”；D．a(chǎn)like“相同的”均不符合邏輯要求，故排除。43、【C18】A、impressedB、effectedC、influencedD、infected標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：考點(diǎn)：詞義辨析。分析：本句意為：“因而一個(gè)國(guó)家的財(cái)富受到該國(guó)生產(chǎn)力的很大——”。4個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是：A．impressed“給予深刻的印象”；B．effected“產(chǎn)生……的影響，導(dǎo)致了……”，如：Thestormeffectedafloodinthisarea．(這場(chǎng)暴雨給這個(gè)地區(qū)造成了洪水。)；C．influenced“影響，對(duì)……起作用，左右，支配”，如：It’sclearthatherpaintinghasbeeninfluencedbyPicasso．(她的畫顯然受到Picasso的影響。)；D．infected“感染，傳染”。只有選項(xiàng)C符合題意。44、【C19】A、supposedB、givenC、providedD、depended標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：考點(diǎn)：邏輯關(guān)系。分析：本句意為：“一個(gè)國(guó)家的財(cái)富在很大程度上受其生產(chǎn)能力的影響，——能有其他國(guó)家愿意……其產(chǎn)品”，該處缺少連詞，因此只有選項(xiàng)C“只要，假如”是正確答案。又如：Iwillagreetogoprovided(that)myexpensesarepaid．(假如為我擔(dān)負(fù)費(fèi)用，我就同意去。)45、【C20】A、receiveB、acceptC、sellD、produce標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：考點(diǎn)：上下文推理。分析：本句承接上一句，充當(dāng)該句的條件從句。根據(jù)上下文可以推出，B．a(chǎn)ccept“接受”符合邏輯要求，代入句中該句意為“只要能有其他國(guó)家愿意接受其產(chǎn)品”。BFT（閱讀）模擬試卷第2套一、第一部分(本題共8題，每題1.0分，共8分。)Readthefollowingpassages,eightsentenceshavebeenremovedfromthearticle.ChoosefromthesentencesA~Htheonewhichfitseachgap.Foreachgap(1-8)markoneletter(A~H)ontheAnswerSheet.Tounderstandthenatureoftheliberalartscollegeanditsfunctioninoursociety,itisimportanttounderstandthedifferencebetweeneducationandtraining.Trainingisintendedprimarilyfortheserviceofsociety;educationisprimarilyfortheindividual.Societyneedsdoctors,lawyers,engineersandteacherstoperformspecifictasksnecessarytoitsoperation,justasitneedscarpentersandplumbersandstenographers.【R1】______Andtheseneeds,ourtrainingcenters—theprofessionalandtradeschools—fill.Butalthougheducationisfortheimprovementoftheindividual,italsoservessocietybyprovidingaleaveningofmenofunderstanding,ofperception,andwisdom.【R2】______Theyservesocietybyexaminingitsfunction,appraisingitsneeds,andcriticizingitsdirection.Theymaybeearningtheirlivingsbypracticingoneoftheprofessions,orinpursuingatrade,orbyengaginginbusinessenterprise.Theymayberichorpoor.【R3】______Withoutthem,however,societyeitherdisintegratesorelsebecomesananthill.ThedifferencebetweenthetwotypesofstudyislikethedifferencebetweenthedisciplineandexerciseinaprofessionalbaseballtrainingcampandthatofaYgym.Intheone,therecruitistrainingtobecomeaprofessionalbaseballplayerwhowillmakealivingandservesocietybyplayingbaseball.【R4】______Thetrainingatthebaseballcampisall-relevant.Therecruitmayspendhourspracticinghowtoslideintosecondbase,notbecauseitisaparticularlyusefulformofcalisthenicsbutbecauseitisrelevanttothegame.【R5】______Similarly,thecandidateforthepitchingstaffspendsalotoftimethrowingabaseball,notbecauseitwillimprovehisphysique—itmayhavequitetheoppositeeffect—butbecausepitchingistobehisprincipalfunctionontheteam.【R6】______Theintentionistostrengthenthebodyingeneral,andwhenthememberssitdownonthefloorwiththeirlegsoutstretchedandpracticetouchingtheirfingerstotheirtoes,itisnotbecausetheyhopetobecomegalleyslaves,perhapstheonlyoccupationwherethatparticularexercisewouldberelevant.Ingeneral,relevancyisafacetoftrainingratherthanofeducation.Whatistaughtatlawschoolisthepresentlawoftheland,nottheNapoleonicCodeoreventhearchaiclawsthathavebeenscratchedfromthestatutebooks.Andatmedicalschool,too,itismodernmedicalpracticethatistaught,thatwhichisrelevanttoconditionstoday.【R7】______Intheliberalartscollege,ontheotherhand,thestudentisencouragedtoexplorenewfieldsandoldfields,towanderdownthebypathsofknowledge.【R8】______A.AttheYgym,exerciseshavenosuchrelevance.B.Theretheteachingisconcernedwithmajorprinciples,anditspurposeistochangethestudent,tomakehimsomethingdifferentfromwhathewasbefore,justasthepurposeoftheYgymistomakeafatmanintoathinone,orastrongoneoutofaweakone.C.Andtheplumberandthecarpenterandtheelectricianandthemasonlearnonlywhatisrelevanttothepracticeoftheirrespectivetradesinthisdaywithtoolsandmaterialsthatarepresentlyavailableandthatconformtothebuildingcode.D.Trainingsuppliestheimmediateandspecificneedsofsocietysothattheworkoftheworldmaycontinue.E.Andintheother,heistrainingonlytoimprovehisownbodyandmusculature.F.Theexercisewouldstopiftheruleswerechangedsothatslidingtoabasewasmadeillegal.G.Theyareourintellectualleaders,thecriticsofourculture,thedefendersofourfreetraditions,theinstigatorsofourprogress.H.Theymayoccupypositionsofpowerandprestige,ortheymaybeengagedinsomehumbleemployment.1、【R1】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第2段開頭一句總結(jié)了培訓(xùn)和教育之間總的區(qū)別。接著提出了：“像對(duì)木匠、鉛管工和速記員的需求一樣，社會(huì)也需要醫(yī)生、律師、工程師和教師來(lái)維持社會(huì)的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)”。在這里作者把醫(yī)生、律師、工程師和教師的作用與木匠、鉛管工和速記員的作用歸為一類，即維持社會(huì)的正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，句D中“培訓(xùn)可滿足及時(shí)和具體的社會(huì)需求而使社會(huì)運(yùn)作得以延續(xù)下去”，是關(guān)于通過(guò)何種途徑來(lái)滿足這種需求的，因此D正確。2、【R2】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第2段前半部分提到了培訓(xùn)的作用，接著提到了教育的作用，即“通過(guò)提高人們的認(rèn)識(shí)，增強(qiáng)人們的理解力和增長(zhǎng)人們的才智服務(wù)于社會(huì)”，而句G中“他們是我們理智的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，是我們文化的評(píng)論家，是我們自由傳統(tǒng)的捍衛(wèi)者，是我們進(jìn)步發(fā)展的鼓動(dòng)家”也是關(guān)于教育的功能的，因此選G。3、【R3】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：從“Theymaybeearningtheirlivingsbypracticing…”開始是關(guān)于受教育人的最終狀況：“可能以某一個(gè)行業(yè)為生，或從事貿(mào)易，或投身企業(yè)。他們可能富裕，也可能貧窮?！本銱：“他們可能身居要職，也可能位卑職小”是狀況的另一個(gè)方面，這些方面說(shuō)明了教育不與社會(huì)實(shí)際相關(guān)，因此H正確。4、【R4】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第3段以專業(yè)棒球訓(xùn)練和Y形體育館中的訓(xùn)練為例說(shuō)明教育和培訓(xùn)的差別。接著以“Intheone”開始介紹了前者的訓(xùn)練目的，句E以“intheother”開始很顯然是與前句相對(duì)的，說(shuō)另一個(gè)的訓(xùn)練目的是為了強(qiáng)身健體，因此E正確。5、【R5】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第3段中間提出：“Thetrainingatthebaseballcampisallrelevant．”所有的訓(xùn)練都是針對(duì)比賽的，因此句F中：“一旦規(guī)則變化，滑壘算犯規(guī)，這種練習(xí)就會(huì)中止?！笔抢硭鶓?yīng)當(dāng)?shù)模f(shuō)明了這種訓(xùn)練的功利性。6、【R6】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：句6之前都是關(guān)于第一種實(shí)用性的訓(xùn)練，而句6之后是關(guān)于健身性的訓(xùn)練，中間缺少連接性的過(guò)渡，因此句A：“AttheYgym，exerciseshavenosuchrelevance．”為最佳答案。7、【R7】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文章第1段提出，為了搞清文科院校的性質(zhì)及其在我們社會(huì)所起的作用，了解教育與培訓(xùn)之間的差異就極為重要。前文比較了教育與培訓(xùn)的差別，第4段提出非文科類院校是目的明確和實(shí)用的，并以法學(xué)和醫(yī)學(xué)為例來(lái)說(shuō)明。句C提到鉛管工、木匠、電工和泥瓦匠是實(shí)際性的行業(yè)，它們與法學(xué)和醫(yī)學(xué)是類似的。并且前文提到它們的社會(huì)作用是一樣的，因此選C。8、【R8】標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：與前一段相對(duì)，第5段提到了文科院校的特點(diǎn)，作者為了搞清文科院校的性質(zhì)及其在我們社會(huì)中所起的作用，討論了教育與培訓(xùn)之間的差異，又以專業(yè)棒球訓(xùn)練和Y形體育館中的訓(xùn)練為例說(shuō)明教育和培訓(xùn)的差別，也就是作者用Y形體育館中的訓(xùn)練來(lái)類比文科院校的教育。因此句B：“Theretheteachingisconcernedwithmajorprinciples，anditspurposeistochangethestudent，tomakehimsomethingdifferentfromwhathewasbefore，justasthepurposeoftheYgymistomakeafatmanintoathinone，orastrongoneoutofaweakone．”為理想答案。二、第二部分(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)Readthefollowingarticleandanswerquestions9~18onthenextpage.Happy75thBirthday,SocialSecurity1.Onits75thanniversarySocialSecurityisonceagainunderattackandsoareitsdefenders.Thosewhowouldaxebenefitsarespreadingmythsdesignedtomakeyouthinkthereisaloomingcrisis.Well,itisjustnot