現(xiàn)代大學(xué)英語(yǔ)精讀6課后習(xí)題答案

Unitl

1.Virtueis...self-centered.

Byrightaction,wemeanitmusthelppromotepersonal

interest.

2....(Poverty)wasaproductoftheirexcessivefecundity...

Thepovertyofthepoorwascausedbytheirhavingtoomany

children.

3....therichwerenotresponsibleforeitheritscreationorits

amelioration.

Therichwerenottoblamefortheexistenceofpovertyso

theyshouldnotbeaskedtoundertakethetaskofsolvingthe

problem.

4.Itismerelytheworkingoutofalawofnatureandalawof

God.

Itisonlytheresultoreffectofthelawofthesurvivalofthe

fittestappliedtonatureoftohumansociety.

5.Itdeclinedinpopularity,andreferencestoitsacquireda

condemnatorytone.

PeoplebegantorejectSocialDarwinismbecauseitseemedto

glorifybrutalforceandopposetreasuredvaluesofsympathy,

loveandfriendship.Therefore,whenitwasmentioned,itwas

usuallythetargetofcriticism.

6....thesearchforawayofgettingthepooroffourconscience

wasnotatanend;itwasonlysuspended.

Thedesiretofindawaytojustifytheunconcernforthepoor

hadnotbeenabandoned;ithadonlybeenputoff.

7....onlyrarelygiventooverpayingformonkeywrenches,

flashlights,coffeemakers,andtoiletseats.

Governmentofficials,onthewhole,aregood：itisveryrare

thatsomewouldpayhighpricesforofficeequipmenttoget

kickbacks.

8.Thisisperhapsourmosthighlyinfluentialpieceoffiction.

Itisaverypopularstoryandhasbeenacceptedbymanybutit

isnottrue.

9.Beliefcanbetheservantoftruth—butevenmoreof

convenience.

Beliefcanbeusefulinthesearchfortruth,butmoreoften

thannotitisacceptedbecauseitisconvenientandself-serving.

10.GeorgeGilder...Whotellstomuchapplausethatthepoor

musthavethecruelspuroftheirownsufferingtoensure

effort...

GeorgeGilderadvancestheviewthatonlywhenthepoor

sufferfromgreatmiserywilltheybestimulatedtomakegreat

effortstochangethesituation,inotherwords,sufferingis

necessarytoforcethepoortoworkhard.

Phrases

1.toreflectonaproblem嚴(yán)重思考一個(gè)問題

2.intellectualpreoccupation有思想有學(xué)問的人孜孜不倦思考探索

的問題

3.totakeonthemodernform具有現(xiàn)代形式

4.tocomeupwiththeformula提出了這樣一種準(zhǔn)則

5.survivalofthefittest適者生存

6.substantialmeasureofresponsibility在很大程度上負(fù)有責(zé)任

7.unemploymentinsurance失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)

8.MedicareandMedicaid醫(yī)療照顧和醫(yī)療補(bǔ)助

9.weaponsprocurement武器采購(gòu)

lO.supply-sideeconomics供應(yīng)學(xué)派經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)

Incorporateexecutives企業(yè)經(jīng)理人員

12.foodstamps食品券

13.Workers'Compensation工人（失業(yè)）補(bǔ)助金

14.subsidizedhousing住房補(bǔ)貼

15.disabilityinsurance傷殘保險(xiǎn)

16.socialtranquility社會(huì)安定

1.Animbalancebetweentherichandpooristheoldestand

mostfatalailmentofrepublics

貧富不均乃共和政體最致命的宿疾

2.Theirpovertyisatemporarymisfortune,iftheyarepoorand

meek,theyeventuallywillinherittheearth

他們的貧窮只是一種暫時(shí)性的不幸，如果他們貧窮但卻溫順，他們最

終將成為世界的主人

3.CouplesinloveshouldrepairtoRHMacysnottheirbedroom

熱戀的夫婦應(yīng)該在梅西百貨商店過夜，而不是他們的新房

4.TheAmericanbeautyrosecanbeproducedinthesplendor

andfragrancewhichbringcheertoitsbeholderonlyby

sacrificingtheearlybudswhichgrowuparoundit.andsoisin

economiclife.It'smerelytheworkingoutofthealawofthe

natureandalawofgod

美國(guó)這朵玫瑰花以其華貴與芳香讓觀眾傾倒，贊不絕口，而她之所以

能被培植就是因?yàn)樵谠缙谄渲車幕ɡ俦徊宓袅耍诮?jīng)濟(jì)生活中情況

亦是如此。這是自然規(guī)律和上帝的意志在起作用

5.(Ithasbecome)aneconomicallynotunrewardingenterprise.

(它已成為)經(jīng)濟(jì)上收入不菲的行業(yè)

6.Thereis...noformofoppressionthatisquietsogreat,no

constrictiononthoughtandeffortquietsocomprehensive,as

thatwhichcomefromhavingnomoneyatall

沒有哪種壓迫比身無分文更厲害，也沒有哪種對(duì)思想和行為的束縛比

一無所有來得更全面徹底

7.Freedomwerightlycherish,cherishingit,weshouldnotuseit

asacoverfordenyingfreedomtothoseinneed.

我們珍惜自由式對(duì)的。正因?yàn)檎湎ё杂?，我們就不能以此為借口，?/p>

給最需要自由的人自由

8.WhethertheybeinEthiopia,thesouthBronx,oreveninsuch

anElysiumasLosAngeles,weresolvetokeepthemoffour

minds

不管他們生活在埃塞俄比亞，還是在紐約的南部布朗克斯區(qū)，甚至是

洛杉磯這樣的天堂，人們都決心不去為這些人操心

9.Heisenjoying,asindicated,unparalleledpopularityinhigh

Washingtoncircles.

如上述所說，他在華盛頓高層當(dāng)中有無比的威望

10.Compassion,alongwiththeassociationpubliceffortisthe

leastcomfortable,theleastconvenientcourseofbehaviorand

actioninourtime同情心，加上與之相關(guān)的社會(huì)努力是人們這個(gè)年

代，最令人不快的行為何行動(dòng)方針

Unit2

11.Butthesemarksofwildcountrycalledtomayfatherlikethe

legendarysirensong.

Thoughtheplacewasnotpleasantordisagreeable,myfather

wasdeeplyattractedtoitpreciselybecauseofitsunexplored,

uncultivatednaturalstate,andthechallenge.

12."I'mafraidtheday'sgoingtocatchus,"Iexplained,

wonderingwhatgreatdisastermightbefallusifitdid.

Asalittlegirl,Ibelievedmyfather'swords,andwasgenuinely

afraidofthepossibledisaster—ifwedidn'thurryup,theday

wouldcatchusandterriblethingsmighthappen.

13....fromtimetotimehewashalfheartedlysoughtfortrial,

thoughfewcrimesseemedtoleaddirectlytohisdoor.

Inthisplace,thoughthepolicewoundmakesomeeffort

withoutrealearnesttoinvestigateWatsonandbringhimto

court,thereseemedtobelittleconcreteevidencetoprovethat

hewasresponsibleforcertainillegalactivities.

14.ThestrangleholdWatsonhadoverthissectionofFlorida

wasnotdissimilartotheunscrupulousactivitiesofcertain

lawmen,otherlegalcrooks,andevengovernorsthatourstate

wastosufferthroughitshistory.

ThecontrolWatsonhadoverthispartofFloridawasmuch

similartothedishonestorillegalactivitiesofthelaw-enforcing

officialsandgovernorswhichFloridawitnessedinthe20th

century.

15.Therewasthelittleshack,notthemostgraciousofliving

quarters,andtherewasamurdererforourne.are.standonly

neighbor,aboutthirtymilesaway.

Beforethefamilybuilttheirownhouse,theylivedinashabby

cabinatGopherKey,closetothemercilessWatson.

16.KingRichardinhisgluttonyneversatatatablemore

sumptuousthanourswasthreetimesaday...

Wehadabundantfoodontheisland,andeventhemeals

enjoyedbyKingRichard,whowasfamousforhisloveoffood,

couldn'tpossiblycomparewithours.

17.Despitetheunrelentingheat,wewerehappytobeletoff

fromourhoursofschoolindoors,sessionswhichourmother

kepteveryday,rainorshine.

Althoughitwasveryhotoutsideinthesun,wewerehappyto

bedismissedfrommymother'ssessionsindoors,wewouldhave

toreadandwritewithhereverydaynomatterwhatthe

weatherwaslike.

Phrases

l.inthelineofSherman'smarch在謝爾曼將軍的行軍路線上

2.afoldingcotapiece每人一張輕便的帆布折疊床

3.toreplenishourfoodstock補(bǔ)充我們的食品

4.asanaddedtreat作為特別的款待

5.free-roamingcattle自由放牧的牛群

6.aninfamousoutlaw一個(gè)臭名昭著的亡命之徒

7.businessasusual一切照常

8.tomakeregularrunstoandfro定期往來運(yùn)輸

9.aweather-boardedshack由隔板搭成的簡(jiǎn)陋的小屋

10.underthecareandinterestofourentirefamily在我們?nèi)胰?/p>

的悉心照料下

Sentence

1.Itwasanidylliclife,andwelivedclosetoourfamilyandto

thecomfortsandsafetyasmalltowncouldafford

這是一種田園式的生活，我們和親戚住的很近，享受著小鎮(zhèn)生活所能

給予我們的舒服和安全

2.Butpapawasamanofenterprise;herealizedthatthe

untouchedTenThousandIslandsoffthesouthwestcoastof

thesatewererichinsoilforcropsandingameforfood

但父親是一個(gè)很有上進(jìn)心的人，他知道佛羅里達(dá)州西南海岸的萬島群

島還沒有被開發(fā)，那兒土壤肥沃，適于耕種，而且獵物充足，不必?fù)?dān)

心食物來源

3.Thisthirddayout,andthedaystocome,foundusinthe

unsettledwildsofFlorida

出發(fā)后的第三天以及以后的日子里，我們都在佛羅里達(dá)無人居住的荒

野中穿行

4.Itsunderwatergrasseslookedlikegreenribbons,constantly

unrolling,andthetreesheldthickspraysofwildorchids

水里的水草就像綠色的絲帶不斷地伸展開來，野蘭花一簇一簇地掛滿

了枝頭

5.Theburlyarmsofoakswerehugewithfernsandblooming

bromeliads.Redbirds,tanagersandpaintedbuntingsflewback

andforthacrossthetrail,leavingachildwiththeimpression

thatthewoodsweretossingwithjewels

以前這里經(jīng)常發(fā)水的河灘岸邊一叢叢地長(zhǎng)滿了喬葉棟，那些地面上鋪

著一層綠色的蕨類植物，喬葉標(biāo)粗壯的枝干上也覆蓋著蕨類植物，俯

生的鳳梨科植物正在盛開。紅雀，唐那雀和色彩斑斕的鳩鳥沿著小路

飛來飛去，在孩子們看來就像是寶石在樹林里跳動(dòng)

6.Thenativewhitesfearedhimasyouwouldarattlesnake,but

theIndiansandblackpeopleweresusceptibletohis

manipulations

本地的白人像懼怕響尾蛇一樣怕他，而印第安人和黑人則不得不受他

的控制和剝削

7.0urnewhomewasmorethansafe,itwasajoy我們的新家不僅

安全穩(wěn)定，它還給我們帶了了無盡的樂趣

8.TodayIcanseeinmygrandsonsandgreat-grandsonssomeof

thosequalitiesofcourageandcaringthatmyfatherhadinsuch

abundance今天在我的子孫身上，我仍然能看到我父親所擁有的無盡

的勇氣和愛心

Unit3

18.Butthisimage,nowrepeatedlythrustbeforeusin

photographs,posters,andadvertisements,ismisleading.

TheEarthweseeinphotos,posters,andads,whichappearsso

beautiful,isnotthetruereflectionoftheworldwelivein,such

imagelullsusintocomplacency.

19.Thetechnospherehasbecomesufficientlylargeandintense

toalterthenaturalprocessesthatgoverntheecosphere.

Humanactivitieshavetakenplaceoversuchlargeareasand

withsuchintensitythattheyhavealreadycauseddisastrous

effectsonecology.

20....whichcouldestablishitselfonlybecauseitfittedproperly

intothepreexistingsystem.

thefishcouldplayitsrolebecauseitbecameanecessarylink

withtheprocessesprecedingitandtheprocessesfollowingitin

theecologicalsystem.

21.Definedsonarrowly,itisnosurprisethatcarshave

propertiesthatarehostiletotheirenvironment.

Whencarsareproducedtoservesuchnarrowpurposes,itis

notsurprisingthatsomeoftheircharacteristicqualitiesare

harmfultotheenvironment.

22.Yieldsrose,butnotinproportiontotherateoffertilizer

application...

thefarmerappliedmoreandmorefertilizer,andthe

productiondidrisebutdidnotmcr&ase.atthesamerateofthe

fertilizer.

23...theirwasteisflushedintothesewersystemalteredin

compositionbutnotinamountattreatmentplant...

Peopleeatplantsandanimals,andtheirwasteisflushedinto

thesewersystem.Afterbeingprocessed,thewasteisstill

waste,theresiduewillgointorivers,oceans,andwillhave

harmfuleffectontheaquaticecosystem.

24.Lefttotheirowndevices,ecosystemsareconservative...

Iftheecosystemsarenotupsetbyoutsideintrusion,theywill

remainthesamewithverylittlechange

25.工ncontrasttotheecosphere,thetechnosphereiscomposed

ofobjectsandmaterialsthatreflectarapidandrelentless

processofchangeandvariation.

Thecharacteristicsoftheobjectsandmaterialsinthe

technospherearerapidchangeandgreatvariety.

26.Butthisisdoneonlyatthecostofunderstanding.

ifwetakesideinthewarofthetwowords,wearedoingsoat

theriskoffailingtohaveaclearunderstandingofthenature

andcauseofthewar,thus,welosethechancetoreallysolve

thegraveenvironmentalcrisis.

Phrases

l.ecologicalnichesandtheirresidentspecies生態(tài)小環(huán)境以及生

活在小環(huán)境中的物種

2.thehabitatofparasites寄生蟲的棲息地

3.thefishhawk'sprey魚鷹的獵食對(duì)象

4.closedcyclicalprocesses封閉的循環(huán)流程

5.highlyradioactivewaste放射性極強(qiáng)的（核）廢料

6.finelytunedadaptation經(jīng)過精細(xì)調(diào)整后的適應(yīng)能力

7.annuallymodifiedcars每年加以改進(jìn)的汽車

8.theresidueofnylonmarinecordage船用尼龍繩子索的殘留物

9.toxicchemicals有毒化學(xué)物

1.Wehavebeentamperingwiththispowerfulforce,unaware,

liketheSorcerersApprentice,ofthepotentiallydisastrous

consequencesofouractions

我們一直在濫用這股強(qiáng)大的力量，就像傳說中的魔術(shù)師的師弟一樣，

并沒有意識(shí)到我們的這種行為很可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致災(zāi)難性的后果

2.Eveniftheglobalwarmingcatastrophenevermaterializes,

andtheozoneholeremainsanesoteric,polarphenomenon,

alreadyhumanactivityhasprofoundlyalteredglobalconditions

inwaysthatmaynotregisteronthecamera

即使全球變暖這種災(zāi)害永不發(fā)生，即使臭氧層空洞仍然只是一種深?yuàn)W

的極地現(xiàn)象，人類的活動(dòng)已經(jīng)極大地的改變了全球的條件，這些也許

是用照相機(jī)拍不出來的

3.Thetechnosphere,incontrast,isdominatedbylinear

processes

與生態(tài)圈相反，技術(shù)圈是由線性流程決定

Theenergysourcesthatnowpowerthetechnosphereare

mostlyfossilfuels,storesthat,oncedepleted,willneverbe

renewed

現(xiàn)在技術(shù)圈運(yùn)作的能源主要是礦物燃料，一旦用完，永不再生

4.Nylon??isnotbiodegradable—thatis,thereisnoenzymein

anyknowlivingorganismthatcanbreakitdown

尼龍不能進(jìn)行生物分解一也就是說，現(xiàn)存的有機(jī)物中還沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)哪種

酶可以分解尼龍

5.~~livingthingshavecreatedalimitedbutself-consistent

arrayofsubstancesandreactionsthatareessentialtolife

6有生命的東西創(chuàng)造了一系列對(duì)生命至關(guān)重要的有限但獨(dú)立的物

質(zhì)和反應(yīng)

7.Afreelunchisreallyadebt,inthetechnosphere,adebtisan

acknowledgedbutunmetcost

免費(fèi)的午餐實(shí)際上是一種負(fù)債，在技術(shù)圈中，債務(wù)是指已承認(rèn)但尚未

歸還的欠款

8.??whenthedebtsrepresentedbyenvironmentalpollutionare

createdbythetechnosphereandtransferredtotheecosphere,

theyarenevercanceled,damageisunavoidable.

當(dāng)債務(wù)以技術(shù)圈制造的環(huán)境污染的形式出現(xiàn)，然后又轉(zhuǎn)嫁到生態(tài)圈，

這種債務(wù)將無法消除，造成破壞是不可避免的。

Unit4Nettles

1.Howallmyownterritorywouldbealtered,adifalandslide

hadgonethroughitandskimmedoffallmeaningexceptlossof

Mike.

TheimpactofMike'sleavingonmylifewasbeyondmy

imagination.Ididn'texpectthatMike'sleavingwouldhavesuch

atremendouspowerthatitwouldchangethemeaningofmy

existencecompletely.AllmythoughtswereaboutlossofMike.

2.Duringthattimeoflifethatissupposedtobeareproductive

daze,withthewoman'smindallswampedbymaternaljuices,we

werestillcompelledtodiscussSimonedeBeauvoirandArthur

Koestlerand"TheCocktailParty".

Atthattime,wewereyoungmothers,andweweresupposedto

leadaterriblybusylifefullofconfusionandbewilderment

causedbygivingbirthtoandraisingbabies,andourmindswere

supposedtobefullyoccupiedbyhowtofeedthebabiesand

thingslikethat.However,inthemidstofallthiswestillfelt

theneedtodiscusssomeoftheimportantthinkersofourtime

likeSimonedeBeauvoirandArthurKoestlerandT.S.Eliot's

sophisticatedwork"TheCocktailParty".

3....Iwouldbefrightened,notofanyhostilitybutofakindof

nonexistence.

Iwouldbefrightened,andmyfearwasnotcausedbymy

neighbor'svisiblyhostileandviolentwayoflife,butbyakindof

formlessandhiddenemptinessandmeaninglessnessofhuman

existence.Whathappenedaroundmewastotallyirrelevantto

me,andIfeltveryisolatedandalienated.

4.Shedidnotaskme-wasitdelicacyordisapproval?一about

mynewlife.

Shedidnotaskmeaboutmynewlife,eitheroutofsubtle

considerationformyfeelingaboutthissensitivesubjectorout

ofdisapprovalformynewlifestyle.

5.Itwouldbeasleazythingtodo,inthehouseofhisfriends.

Itwouldbeamorallylowthing,anindecentthingtocommit

infidelityinthehouseofafriend.

6.1knewnowthathewasapersonwhohadhitrockbottom.

Iknewthathewasapersonwhohadexperiencedtheworstin

life,thehardestexperienceapersonmighthavetoendure.

7.Heandwifeknewthattogetheranditboundthem,as

somethinglikethatwouldeitherbreakyouapartorbindyou,

forlife.

Theyexperiencedtheworsttogetherandtheyknewwhatit

waslikeandunderstoodthemeaningofthatexperience.Such

anexperienceposedthegravesttesttopeople.Iftheystood

thetest,theirfriendshipormarriagewouldbestrengthened,

andasacredbondagewouldbeformedbetweenthem.Butif

theyfailedthetest,theirrelationshipwouldbebrokenand

theywouldbedrivenapart.

8.Notriskingathingyetstayingaliveasasweettrickle,an

undergroundresource.Withtheweightofthisnowstillnesson

it,thisseal.

Iftheyactedonlove,theywouldtakerisks,theywouldn'tdo

thatorgofurtherintheirrelationship,buttheywouldrather

lettheirloveremainasasweettrickle,whichwouldflowon

gentlyandpermanently,andasanundergroundresource,which

wouldneverbefullytappedbutwouldnevergodry.

Phrases

l.goodforonlyonethrow只能擲一次

2.alifethatcouldbelivedwithouthypocrisyordeprivationor

shame一種沒有虛偽、不喪失自我、不感到羞辱的生活

3.allupanddownthestreet整條街道

4.alongnecessaryvoyagefromthehouseofmarriage為擺脫婚

姻的禁錮而必須踏上的漫長(zhǎng)旅途

5.aperfectwaterfallofnoise如瀑布般的叫聲

6.likethesoundofawavefullofstones,crashingonthebeach

那聲音就像是卷著石塊的海浪沖擊著海灘

7.backingoutofourdriveway從汽車道里把車倒出去

8.duringalltheyearsofourdwindlingfriendship在我們的友誼逐

漸淡化的那些歲月里

Sentence

1.Eachofthetreesontheplacehadanattitudeanda

presence—theelmlookedsereneandtheoakthreatening,the

maplesfriendly,thehawthornoldandcrabby,這里的每一棵樹都

表現(xiàn)出某種神態(tài)。比如，榆樹看上去寧?kù)o安詳，橡樹則咄咄逼人，楓

樹親切友好，而山楂樹則老氣橫秋、脾氣暴躁。

2.Therewasakeenalarmwhenthecrycame,awirezinging

throughyourwholebody,afanaticfeelingofdevotion.當(dāng)他喊我

的名字時(shí)，我會(huì)緊張萬分，全身蹭地就像過了電似的，一種狂熱的忠

誠(chéng)感油然而生。

3.Onemorning,ofcourse,thejobwasallfinished,thewell

capped,thepumpreinstated,thefreshwatermarveledat.一天

早晨，工作全部完成，這是意料中的事。井上了蓋子，水泵重新安

裝好了，大家對(duì)清新的井水贊嘆不已。

4.工nmykitchenorinhers,onceaweekorso,distractedbyour

childrenandsometimesreelingforlackofsleep,westoked

ourselvesuponstrongcoffeeandcigarettesandlaunchedout

onarampageoftalk—aboutourmarriages,ourfights,our

personaldeficiencies,ourinterestinganddiscreditable

motives,ourforgoneambitions.我們大約每周都要在我家或她家

廚房小聚一次。孩子們總是不斷打擾我們，有時(shí)我們還會(huì)因?yàn)槿庇X

而感到頭暈?zāi)垦?，于是我們就用大量的濃咖啡和香煙給自己提神，

開始天南地北地聊天，所談的話題無所不包：我們的婚姻、奮斗、

個(gè)人的不足、既有趣又有些丟臉的動(dòng)機(jī)，以及我們?cè)羞^的理想抱

負(fù)。

5.Sunnyhadgivenhimfreshsheetsratherthanunmakingand

makingupagainthebedhehadleftforme.塞妮給了他干凈的床

單，免得在他留給我的床上重新疊被、鋪床。

6.Mysleepwasshallow,mydreamsmonotonouslylustful,with

irritatingandunpleasantsubplots.我睡地很淺，沒完沒了地做著充

滿情欲的夢(mèng)，中間還穿插著令人不快的小情節(jié)。

7.Thebushesrightattheedgeofthegrasslooked

impenetrable,butloseuptherewerelittleopenings,thenarrow

pathsthatanimalsorpeoplelookingforgolfballshadmade.緊挨

著草地邊上的灌木叢看上去似乎無法穿過，但走近了可以看到一些小

缺口和窄窄的小徑，這是被動(dòng)物或找高爾夫球的人們踩出來的。

8.1tlookedasifalargeportionoftheskyhaddetacheditself

andwasbearingdown,bustlingandresolute,takinganotquite

recognizablebutanimateshape.看上去,天空的一大部分似乎脫

離了主體，喧鬧著、果斷地壓向地面，那形狀雖然說不出具體像什

么，但像是一種活物的樣子。

9.Thiswasmoreofaritual,arecognitionofsurvivalratherthan

ofourbodies'inclinations.我們擁抱并不是出于身體的渴望，而是慶

祝劫后余生的一種表示。

Unit5

lthenationalrejectionofdogmaticpreconceptionsaboutthe

natureofthesocialandeconomicorder

1.Therearesuchprejudicesinanarrogantmanneraboutthe

characteristicofthesocialorderandeconomicorderandthey

takeitforgranted.Thecountryjustrejectedsuchprejudice.

2NorcanonesuggestthatAmericanshavebeenconsistently

vulnerabilitytosecularideologyeverafter

2.NoonecansaythatAmericanshaveneverbeentemptedby

theapproachofunderstanding,preservingortransformingthe

worldaccordingtorigiddogmas.

3..andanyintellectsoshapedwas...everafter

AmindinfluencedbyCalvinisttheologywouldsurelyfindit

somewhatdifficulttoresistotherideologicaltemptationsto

ideologicalthinking.

4.Pragmatismisnomorewhollydevoid...experience

Pragmatismisnotcompletelyfreefromabstractideasjustas

ideologyisnotcompletelyfreefromexperience,thatistosay,

abstractideashaveaplaceinpragmatismjustasexperience

hasaroleinideology.

5.Asanideologist,however,Jeffersonhistoricalcuriosity

Asamanfollowingafixedsetofbeliefs,Jeffersonisonlyan

interestinghistoricalfigure.Hisbeliefsareoutofdateandare

irrelevanttopresent-dayreality.

6....whosecentraldogmaisconfidedtothecustodyofan

infalliblepriesthood

Theircentralbeliefsareimprisonedbythewholebodyof

priestswhoarealwayseffective.

7....wherefreemenmayfindpartialtruths,butwhere...on

AbsoluteTruth

Inthisuniverseapersonwhosemindisunconstrainedmaybe

abletodiscoverrelationtruthsbutnomanonearthcanclaim

thathehasalreadygraspedtheoneandonlytruth.

8.Butideologyisadrug;nomatterhow...itstillpersists.

Ideologyhasthecharacteristicofanarcotic.Inspiteofthe

factthatithasbeenprovedwrongmanytimesbyexperience,

peoplestilllongtocommitthemselvestoideology.

9....theonlycertaintyinanabsolutesystemisthecertaintyof

absoluteabuse.

Theonlythingthatissureofadespoticsystemisthe

unrestrictedexerciseofpower.

10.Thedistinctivehumantriumph...liesinthecapacityto

understandthefrailtyofhumanstriving...nonetheless

Themostoutstandingachievementofhumanityistheyknow

thatnomatterhowhardtheytry,theycannotachieveAbsolute

truth,yettheycontinuetomakegreateffortsandrefuseto

giveup

Phrases

1.dignityofman人的尊嚴(yán)

2.intellectualimprovement智力提高

3.capitalgoods生產(chǎn)資料

4.representativeinstitutions代議制政府機(jī)構(gòu)

5.dogmaticpreconceptions教條式的偏見

6.structuresofanalysis分析問題的理論體系

7.asetofbindingpropositions一系列必須遵循的主張

8.rigidaprioridoctrine僵硬的經(jīng)驗(yàn)理論

9.tonarrowthespectrumofchoice（由于信仰教條的原因）使選

擇的范圍變得十分狹小

10.fatalisticviewofhistory宿命論的歷史

ll.closeduniverse封閉的世界

12.abundantandstreaminglifeofman豐富的、永不停頓的人類生

活

13.anabsolutegriponAbsoluteTruth獨(dú)自掌握了絕對(duì)真理

14.theuncoercedintercourseofunconstrainedminds自由思想不

受約束的交流

15.amonolithicworld鐵板一塊的世界

1.TheAmericanexperiencewasuniqueinanumberofways

美國(guó)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)在許多方面都是獨(dú)特的

2.Thecountrywasblessedbynotableadvantages—aboveall,by

thefactthatpopulationwasscareinrelationtoavailable

resources

這個(gè)國(guó)家有著得天獨(dú)厚的優(yōu)勢(shì)一只要是人口相對(duì)稀少而資源十分豐

曷

3.Itroseoriginallyfromaphilosophicalratherthanan

economiccommitment

它源于對(duì)思想原則的信仰，而不是出于對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)利益的追求

4.Wehavefoundnobetterwaythandemocracytofulfillman's

talentsandreleasehisenergies

我們發(fā)現(xiàn)民主是使人的才智得到充分施展，人的能量得以充分發(fā)揮的

最好方式

5.1ntherecordofhisconflict,ideologyhasattractedsomeof

thestrongestintelligencesmankindhasproduced

在意識(shí)形態(tài)體系與經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義斗爭(zhēng)的歷史上，意識(shí)形態(tài)體系曾吸引了人

類歷史上一些聰明絕頂?shù)娜宋?/p>

6.1nitsfinesthours,theUShas,sotospeak,risenabove

ideology

在她處于最佳時(shí)期時(shí)，美國(guó)可以說超越了所有的意識(shí)形態(tài)體系

7.??thatgovernmentwasbestwhichgovernedleast~

政府管得越少越好

8.Indeed,thewholeideologicalenterprisecontradicted

Jefferson'stemper,whichwasbasicallyflexibleand

experimental

說實(shí)在的，杰弗遜一生在意識(shí)形態(tài)體系上所做的努力與他的性格是相

矛盾的，他的性格特征基本上是靈活的，從經(jīng)驗(yàn)出發(fā)的

9.Indeed,Iwouldsuggestthatwemightwellbanishsome

overloadedwordsfromintellectualdiscourse??(These

words)aresourcesofheat,notoflight

我甚至建議在思想界和學(xué)術(shù)界的討論中摒棄某些用濫了的詞語(yǔ)??這

些詞語(yǔ)只能使頭腦發(fā)熱，而不會(huì)給人以智慧的光芒

10.Freemenknowmanytruths,buttheydoubtwhetherany

mortalmanknowstheTruth

自由人掌握許多具體的真理，但他們認(rèn)為沒有一個(gè)凡人能夠掌握絕對(duì)

真理

Unit7

1.Formanholdsinhismortalhandsthepowertoabolishall

formsofhumanlife.

Asaresultoftechnologicaldevelopment,humanbelongsnow

havethepowertoputanendtopovertyandhuman,misery,but

atthesametimetheyalsopossessthepowertodestroythe

wholeworld,renderingituninhabitableandlifeless.

2....unwillingtowitnessorpermittheslowundoingofthose

humanrights...

Wedonotwanttoseeortoallowtheslowdestructionofthose

humanrights.

3.Tothosepeoplesinthehutsandvillagesofhalfofmass

misery,wepledgeourbesteffortstohelpthemhelp

themselves...

Tothepeopleoftheunderdevelopedcountrieslivinginpoverty

inruralareas,wearecommittedtohelpingthemtorid

themselvesofmasspovertybytheirownefforts.

4.Butthispeacefulrevolutionofhopecannotbecometheprey

ofhostilepowers.

Butweshouldnotletanycommunistpowertakeadvantageof

thisallianceforprogresstoexpanditsinfluence.

5.Andleteveryotherpowerknowthatthis.…ofitsownhouse.

WewanttomakecleartothecommunistpowersthatAmericas

aretheAmericasoftheAmericans.Donotattemptto

penetrateintothisarea.

6....beforethedarkpowersofdestructionoraccidental

self-destruction.

Beforethewo