譯林小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)資料

語(yǔ)法及練習(xí)1be動(dòng)詞

Be動(dòng)詞的用法：

(1)Am—wasIs—wasAre—were口訣：我用am,你用are,is用在他她它，復(fù)數(shù)全用are。

(2)肯定和否定句Iam(not)fromLondon.Heis(not)ateacher.Sheis(not)inthediningroom.

Myhairis(not)long.Hereyesare(not)small.

(3)一般疑問(wèn)句AmIaChinese?Yes,youare.No,youaren't.AretheyAmerican?Yes,they

are.No,theyaren't.Isthecatfat?Yes,itis.No,itisn't.

用恰當(dāng)?shù)腷e動(dòng)詞填空。

1.1aboy.youaboy?No,Inot.

2.ThegirlJack'ssister.

3.Thedogtallandfat.

4.Themanwithbigeyesateacher.

5.yourbrotherintheclassroom?

6.Whereyourmother?Sheathome.

7.Howyourfather?

8.MikeandLiuTaoatschool.

9.Whosedressthis?

10.Whosesocksthey?

11.Thatmyredskirt.

12.WhoI?

13.Thejeansonthedesk.

14.Hereascarfforyou.

15.Heresomesweatersforyou.

16.TheblackglovesforSuYang.

17.ThispairofglovesforYangLing.

18.Thetwocupsofmilkforme.

19.Someteaintheglass.

20.Gaoshan*sshirtoverthere.

21.Mysister*snameNancy.

22.ThisnotWangFang'spencil.

23.DavidandHelenfromEngland?

24.Thereagirlintheroom.

25.Theresomeapplesonthetree.

26.thereanykitesintheclassroom?

27.thereanyapplejuiceinthebottle?

28.Theresomebreadontheplate.

29.Thereaboy,twogirls,threemenandtenwomeninthepark.

30.You,heandIfromChina.

語(yǔ)法及練習(xí)2人稱代詞和物主代詞

人稱代詞和物主代詞

1.人稱代詞主格和賓格的區(qū)別：主格通常位于句中第一個(gè)動(dòng)詞之前（有時(shí)候位于than之

后），賓格一般位于動(dòng)詞或介詞之后。

2.物主代詞形容詞性與名詞性的區(qū)別：形容詞性用時(shí)后面一般要帶上名詞，名詞性則單

獨(dú)使用，后面不帶名詞。

一.填寫(xiě)代詞表主格。

Iitwe

youthem

hisyour

hers

二.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.Thatisnotkite.Thatkiteisverysmall,butisverybig.(I)

2.Thedressis.Giveitto.(she)

3.Isthiswatch?(you)No,ifsnot.(I)

4.ismybrother.nameisJack.Look!Thosestampsare.(he)

5.dressesarered.(we)Whatcolourare?(you)

6.Herearemanydolls,whichoneis?(she)

7.1canfindmytoy,butwhere5s?(you)

8.Showyourkite,OK?(they)

9.1haveabeautifulcat.nameisMimi.Thesecakesare.(it)

10.Arethesetickets?No,arenot.aren'there.(they)

11.Shallhavealookatthatclassroom?Thatisclassroom.(we)

12.ismyaunt.Doyouknowjob?anurse.(she)

13.Thatisnotcamera.isathome.(he)

14.Whereare?Ican'tfind.Lefscallparents.(they)

15.Don'ttouch.notacat,atiger!

16.sisterisill.Pleasegoandget.(she)

17.don'tknowhername.Wouldyoupleasetell.(we)

18.Somanydogs.Lefscount.(they)

19.1havealovelybrother.isonly3.1likeverymuch.(he)

20.MayIsitbeside?(you)

21.Lookatthatdesk.Thosebookareon.(it)

22.Thegirlbehindisourfriend,(she)

語(yǔ)法及練習(xí)3名詞復(fù)數(shù)和動(dòng)詞三單

一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則

1.一般情況下，直接加-s,如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds

2.以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾，力口-es,如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches

3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es,如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries

4.以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es,如:knife-knives

5.不規(guī)貝名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,

policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,

people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese

練習(xí)：寫(xiě)出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)。

Ihimthisherwatchbook

child___photo________diary___dayfootdress

tooth_______sheep______box___—__strawberry—___thief____yo-yo______

peach_____sandwich______man_____woman___—_paper___people________

二.動(dòng)詞三單的變化規(guī)則

1.一般情況下,直接加-s,如：cook-cooks,milk-milks

2.以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾,力口-es,如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes

3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i,再加-es,如：study-studies

練習(xí)：寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)。

drinkgostaymakelook

havepasscarrycomewatch

plant______fly_____study_____brush_____teach_______

語(yǔ)法及練習(xí)4一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能

1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：Theskyisblue.天空是藍(lán)色的。

2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。

3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成

1.be動(dòng)詞:主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一個(gè)男孩。

2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。

當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加“-s"或如：MarylikesChinese.瑪

麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化

1.be動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。

一般疑問(wèn)句：Be+主語(yǔ)+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,Tmnot.

特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Whereismybike?

2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+dont(doesn't)+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.

當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如：Hedoesn'toftenplay.

一般疑問(wèn)句：Do(Does)+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。

如：-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon*t.

當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。

如：-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.

特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專(zhuān)練：

一、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.Heoften(have)dinnerathome.

2.DanielandTommy(be)inClassOne.

3.We(notwatch)TVonMonday.

4.Nick(notgo)tothezooonSunday.

5.they(like)theWorldCup?

6.Whattheyoften(do)onSaturdays?

7.yourparents(read)newspaperseveryday?

8.Thegirl(teach)usEnglishonSundays.

9.SheandI(take)awalktogethereveryevening.

10.There(be)somewaterinthebottle.

11.Mike(like)cooking.

12.They(have)thesamehobby.

13.Myaunt(look)afterherbabycarefully.

14.Youalways(do)yourhomeworkwell.

15.1(be)ill.Tmstayinginbed.

16.She(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.

17.LiuTao(do)notlikePE.

18.Thechildoften(watch)TVintheevening.

19.SuHaiandSuYang(have)eightlessonsthisterm.

20.—Whatday(be)ittoday?—IfsSaturday.

二、按照要求改寫(xiě)句子。

1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改為否定句)

2.1domyhomeworkeveryday.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答）

3.Shelikesmilk.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作肯定回答）

4.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答）

5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.（改為否定句）

6.HespeaksEnglishverywelL（改為否定句）

7.1liketakingphotosinthepark.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）

8.JohncomesfromCanada.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）

9.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答）

10.SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.（改為否定句）

三、改錯(cuò)（劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫(xiě)在橫線上）

1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?

2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?

3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.

4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.

5.Shedon'tdoherhomeworkonSundays.

語(yǔ)法及練習(xí)5現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階

段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動(dòng)詞ing.

3.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。

4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。

5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問(wèn)詞不達(dá)意+be+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞ing?

但疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問(wèn)詞不達(dá)意+be+動(dòng)詞ing?

動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則

1.一般情況下，直接加ing,如：cook-cooking

2.以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e力口ing,如：make-making,taste-tasting

3.如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加ing,如：

run-running,stop-stopping

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)：

一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：

playrunswimmakego

likewriteskireadhave

singdanceputsee

lovelivetakecomeget

stopsitbegin_________shop

二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：

l.Theboy(draw)apicturenow.

2.Listen.Somegirls(sing)intheclassroom.

3.Mymother(cook)somenicefoodnow.

4.Whatyou(do)now?

5.Look.They(have)anEnglishlesson.

6.They(not,water)theflowersnow.

7.Look!thegirls(dance)intheclassroom.

8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She(listen)tomusic.

9.Ifs5o,clocknow.We(have)suppernow

10.Helen(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.

三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：

1.Theyaredoinghousework.(分別改成一般疑問(wèn)句和否定句)

2.Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定和否定回答)

3.I'mplayingthefootballintheplayground.(對(duì)戈ll線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))

4.Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))

語(yǔ)法及練習(xí)6將來(lái)時(shí)

將來(lái)時(shí)

一、概念：

表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):

tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year...),soon,thedayaftertomorrow(后天)等。

二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①begoingto+do；②will+do.

三、否定句:在be動(dòng)詞(am,is,are)1后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成won't。

例如：Fmgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon,fFmnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.

四、一般疑問(wèn)句：be或will提到句首，some改為any,and改為or,第一二人稱互換。

例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend,fAreyougoingtogoonanoutingthis

weekend?

五、對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)：一般情況，一般將來(lái)時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。

1.問(wèn)人。Who例如：fmgoingtoNewYorksoon,fWho'sgoingtoNewYorksoon.

2.問(wèn)干什么oWhat...do.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.-

Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.

3.問(wèn)什么時(shí)候。When.例如：She'sgoingtogotobedatnine.-Whenisshegoingtobed?

六、同義句：begoingto=will

Iamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow(明天).=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.

練習(xí)：填空。

1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。

Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.

Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.

2.下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛？我想去打籃球。

WhatnextMonday?

Iplaybasketball.WhatyoudonextMonday?

Iplaybasketball.

3.你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎？是，她要去買(mǎi)一些水果。

yourmothergoshoppingthis?Yes,she.

Shebuysomefruit.

4.你們打算什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面。

Whattimeyoumeet?

改句子。

5.Nancyisgoingtogocamping.(改否定)

Nancygoingtogocamping.

6.Tilgoandjointhem.(改否定)

Igojointhem.

7.Tmgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.(改一般疑問(wèn)句)

_________________________togetupat6:30tomorrow?

8.Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.(改一般疑問(wèn)句)

________________meetatthebusstopat10:30.

9.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))

sheafterschool?

10.Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomoirow.(同上)

goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.

用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

11.Todayisasunnyday.We(have)apicnicthisafternoon.

12.Mybrother(go)toShanghainextweek.

13.Tomoften(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He

(go)toschoolbybike.

14.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually(watch)TVand(catch)

insects?

15.IfsFridaytoday.Whatshe(do)thisweekend?She

(watch)TVand(catch)insects.

16.What(dO)youdolastSunday?I(pick)applesonafarm.

What(do)nextSunday?I(milk)cows.

17.Mary(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.

18.LiuTao(fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.

19.David(give)apuppetshownextMonday.

20.1(plan)formystudynow.

語(yǔ)法及練習(xí)7一般過(guò)去時(shí)

一般過(guò)去時(shí)

1.一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連

用。一般過(guò)去時(shí)也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作感謝。

2.Be動(dòng)詞在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中的變化：

(Dam和is在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣aso(wasnot=wasn,t)

(2)are在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。(werenot=weren,t)

⑶帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問(wèn)的變化和is,am,are一樣，即否定句在was或

were后加not,一般疑問(wèn)句把was或were調(diào)到句首。

3.句中沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子

否定句：didn't+動(dòng)詞原形，如：Jimdidn'tgohomeyesterday.

一般疑問(wèn)句：在句首加did,句子中的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變回原形。如：DidJimgohomeyesterday?

特殊疑問(wèn)句：⑴疑問(wèn)詞+did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形？如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday?

⑵疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)：疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式？如：Whowenttohomeyesterday?

動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則：

1.一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed,如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked

2.結(jié)尾是e加d,如：taste-tasted

3.末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母,再加-ed,

如：stop-stopped

4.以"輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i,再加-ed,如：study-studied

5.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,

go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,

read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,

swim-swam,sit-sat

過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)：寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式

is\amflyplantaredrink

playgomakedoesdance

worryasktasteeatdraw

put______throwkickpass____do

Be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)

一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.1anEnglishteachernow.

2.Shehappyyesterday.

3.Theygladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.

4.HelenandNancygoodfriends.

5.Thelittledogtwoyearsoldthisyear.

6.Look,therelotsofgrapeshere.

7.ThereasignonthechaironMonday.

8.TodaythesecondofJune.YesterdaythefirstofJune.ItChildren'sDay.

Allthestudentsveryexcited.

二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。

1.Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.

否定句：__________________________________________________

一般疑問(wèn)句：______________________________________________

肯、否定回答：____________________________________________

三、中譯英。

1.我的故事書(shū)剛才還在手表旁邊。

2.他們的外套上個(gè)禮拜放在臥室里了。

3.一會(huì)以前花園里有兩只小鳥(niǎo)。

行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)

一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.1(watch)acartoononSaturday.

2.Herfather(read)anewspaperlastnight.

3.Wetozooyesterday,wetothepark.(go)

4.you(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?

5.he(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he.

6.GaoShan(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.

7.1(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother.

8.Whatshe(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She(find)a

beautifulbutterfly.

二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。

1.Theyplayedfootballintheplayground.

否定句：__________________________________________________

一般疑問(wèn)句：______________________________________________

肯、否定回答：____________________________________________

三、中譯英。

1.格林先生去年住在中國(guó)。

2.昨天我們參觀了農(nóng)場(chǎng)。

3.他剛才在找他的手機(jī)。

過(guò)去時(shí)綜合練習(xí)(1)

一、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.It(be)Ben'sbirthdaylastFriday.

2.Weall(have)agoodtimelastnight.

3.He(jump)highonlastSportsDay.

4.Helen(milk)acowonFriday.

5.Shelikesnewspapers,butsheabookyesterday,(read)

6.Hefootballnow,buttheybasketballjustnow.(play)

7.Jim'smother(plant)treesjustnow.

8.they(sweep)theflooronSunday?No,they.

9.1(watch)acartoononMonday.

10.We(go)toschoolonSunday.

二、中譯英。

1.我們上周五看了一部電影。

2.他上個(gè)中秋節(jié)走親訪友了嗎？是的。

3.你們上個(gè)兒童節(jié)做了什么？我們參觀了動(dòng)物園。

4.你上周在哪兒?在野營(yíng)基地。

過(guò)去時(shí)綜合練習(xí)

一、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.It(be)the2ndofNovemberyesterday.MrWhite(go)tohisofficebycar.

2.GaoShan(put)thebookonhisheadamomentago.

3.Don'tthehouse.Mumityesterday,(clean)

4.Whatyoujustnow?Isomehousework.(do)

5.They(make)akiteaweekago.

6.1wanttoapples.Butmydadallofthemlastmonth,(pick)

7.hetheflowersthismorning?Yes,he.(water)

8.She(be)aprettygirl.Look,she(do)Chinesedances.

9.Thestudentsoften(draw)somepicturesintheartroom.

10.WhatMikedoonthefarm?Hecows,(milk)

二、中譯英。

1.他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。

2.去年端午節(jié)我們沒(méi)去看了龍舟比賽。

3.他在音樂(lè)課上拉小提琴了嗎？不，沒(méi)有。

語(yǔ)法及練習(xí)8Therebe句型與have,has

Therebe句型與have,has的區(qū)別

1、Therebe句型表示：在某地有某物(或人)

2、在therebe句型中，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用is;主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用are;如有幾

件物品，be動(dòng)詞根據(jù)最*近be動(dòng)詞的那個(gè)名詞決定。

3>therebe句型的否定句在be動(dòng)詞后加not,一般疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。

4、therebe句型與have(has)的區(qū)別：therebe表示在某地有某物(或人)；have(has)表

示某人擁有某物。

5>some和any在therebe句型中的運(yùn)用：some用于肯定句，any用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。

6、and和or在therebe句型中的運(yùn)用：and用于肯定句，