專題38 閱讀理解之細節(jié)理解題（講案）原卷版

1/16高考一輪復習知識清單專題38閱讀理解之細節(jié)理解題（講案）原卷版（快問快答+思維導圖+考法點撥+真題再練+名校模擬）目錄一、閱讀理解細節(jié)理解題快問快答P1二、閱讀理解細節(jié)理解題高考考情P2三、閱讀理解細節(jié)理解題命題特點P2四、閱讀理解細節(jié)理解題命題規(guī)律P2五、閱讀理解細節(jié)理解題考法點撥P3考法一：直接信息題P3考法二：間接信息題P5考法三：數(shù)據(jù)計算題P7六、閱讀理解細節(jié)理解題同義替換歸納P8七、閱讀理解細節(jié)理解題真題再練P10八、閱讀理解細節(jié)理解題名校模擬P13一、閱讀理解細節(jié)理解題快問快答Q1：閱讀理解細節(jié)理解題有什么特點？A1：一是屬于閱讀基礎(chǔ)題型，占比大，難度低，需要有滿分意識，二是正確答案和原文是同義替換關(guān)系。Q2：閱讀理解細節(jié)理解題做題步驟如何？A2：一是“找詞”--先從題干中提取關(guān)鍵性(題眼)，二是“定位”--尋找與此關(guān)鍵詞相關(guān)的段落、語句做好標記，三是“比對”--仔細比對四個選項與文中細節(jié)的細微區(qū)別，最后確定答案。Q3：如何把握選項與原文同義替換關(guān)系？A3：同義替換有三種情況：一是同義詞或近義詞替換，二是主被動語態(tài)替換，三是單詞與短語替換。不管如何替換，終極目標是“形式改變，意思相同”。Q4：如何提高閱讀理解細節(jié)題正答率？A4：一要掌握閱讀理解細節(jié)理解題命題規(guī)律和選項特征，二要不斷練習實踐，積累經(jīng)驗，摸索出一套行之有效的個性化做題模式，三要重視糾錯，探尋錯誤原因，防止出現(xiàn)類似錯誤。二、閱讀理解細節(jié)理解題高考考情綜合最近三年高考考情統(tǒng)計，高考15道四選一選擇題以細節(jié)理解題和推理判斷題為主，兼顧猜測詞義題和主旨大意題。細節(jié)理解題有時比較直接，理解字面意思即可答題；有時則較為間接，需要歸納、概括和推理才能答題。細節(jié)理解題占閱讀理解總題量的60%左右，是最重要的得分點。2022-2024高考閱讀理解考點統(tǒng)計卷別細節(jié)理解題猜測詞義題推理判斷題主旨大意題2024新課標I卷91412024新課標II卷91412023新課標I卷61712023新課標II卷61712022新課標I卷82412022新課標II卷82412024全國甲卷71612023全國甲卷81512023全國乙卷51812022全國甲卷81332022全國乙卷10131三、閱讀理解細節(jié)理解題命題特點特殊疑問句形式:以when、where、what、which、who、why、how等疑問詞開頭引出的問題;通常涉及與主題有關(guān)的事實或細節(jié)，或就文中的數(shù)字進行提問。33.WhatdoesDaru’sstudyfocuson? （2024新課標I卷）21.Whichwalktakestheshortesttime? （2024新課標II卷）29.Whatinformationdoestheconvenientappoffer? （2024新課標II卷）25.WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks? （2023新課標I卷）23.WherewilltheparticipantsmeetfortheJuly10photographyworkshop? （2023新課標II卷）四、閱讀理解細節(jié)理解題命題規(guī)律1.高考閱讀理解正確選項規(guī)律同義替換(1)替換關(guān)鍵詞。把原文的關(guān)鍵詞進行同義替換，如把loseone’sjob換成了beoutofwork(2)改變詞性。把原文中的一些詞變換了一下詞性，如把important變換成ofimportance(3)改變語態(tài)。把原文主動語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)為被動語態(tài)，如restoredthebridge變換成thebridgewasrestored信息歸納用精煉的語言來概括原文中比較分散或復雜的信息正話反說把原文中的意思反過來表達而成為正確選項原文原詞用原文原詞作為正確選項2.高考閱讀理解干擾選項規(guī)律張冠李戴是原文信息，但不是題目要求的內(nèi)容無中生有符合常識，但不是文章的內(nèi)容曲解文意與原文的內(nèi)容極其相似，只是在某個細節(jié)處有些變動顛倒是非在意思上與原文大相徑庭甚至完全相反正誤參半部分正確，部分錯誤五、閱讀理解細節(jié)理解題考法點撥考法一：直接信息題直接信息題常以應(yīng)用文的形式出現(xiàn)在考題中，涉及的話題有：廣告類、活動安排類、書籍或電影介紹類、演出信息類等?！皫е鴨栴}找答案”先從題干中提取關(guān)鍵性詞語(題眼)，然后以此為線索，運用略讀及尋讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此關(guān)鍵詞相關(guān)的段落、語句，快速定位該題與哪一段哪一句有關(guān)，然后仔細推敲，仔細比較所給選項與文中細節(jié)的細微區(qū)別，在準確理解細節(jié)的前提下，最后確定答案。簡言之，可采用“一找二定三比對”的方法?！舅季S導圖】調(diào)研01調(diào)研01(2024新課標I卷第23題)AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRINGVolunteersaged10andoverarewelcome.ReadourYouthPolicyGuidelinesforyouthundertheageof15.BringyourcompletedVolunteerAgreementForm.Volunteersundertheageof18musthavetheparent/guardianapprovalsectionsigned.We’llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangetdirty.Bringlayersforchangingweatherandaraincoatifnecessary.Bringapersonalwaterbottle,sunscreen,andlunch.Noexperiencenecessary.Trainingandtoolswillbeprovided.Fulfills(滿足)communityservicerequirements.23.Whatarethevolunteersexpectedtodo?A.Bringtheirowntools. B.Workeveninbadweather.C.Wearateamuniform. D.Doatleastthreeprojects.調(diào)研02調(diào)研02(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷第23題)PhotographyWorkshops(June19&July10)Enhanceyourphotographyskills—joinYellowstone’sparkphotographerforahands-onprogramtoinspirenewandcreativewaysofenjoyingthebeautyandwonderofYellowstone.6/19—Waterfalls&WideAngles:meetatArtistPoint.7/10—Wildflowers&WhiteBalance:meetatWashburnTrailheadinChittendenparkingarea.23.WherewilltheparticipantsmeetfortheJuly10photographyworkshop?A.ArtistPoint. B.WashburnTrailhead.C.CanyonVillageStore. D.VisitorEducationCenter.調(diào)研調(diào)研03(2022·新課標Ⅰ卷第23題)LateWorkAnessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate，itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnotcompletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.23.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?A.Youwillreceiveazero.B.Youwilllosealettergrade.C.Youwillbegivenatest.D.Youwillhavetorewriteit.考法二：間接信息題間接信息題常在記敘文、說明文或議論文中考查，會涉及“人與自我”“人與社會”和“人與自然”三大主題語境。解此類試題常用“同義轉(zhuǎn)換”法。該類題的特點是試題題干或選項中的關(guān)鍵詞語通常使用同義詞或近義詞甚至反義詞來替換文中的相關(guān)細節(jié)信息,例如,使用book對文中的reserve進行同義轉(zhuǎn)換,用lessdifferent對文中的moreincommon進行同義轉(zhuǎn)換。【思維導圖】調(diào)研調(diào)研04(2024新課標I卷第24題)“Iamnotcrazy,”saysDr.WilliamFarber,shortlyafterperformingacupuncture(針灸)onarabbit.“Iamaheadofmytime.”Ifheseemsalittledefensive,itmightbebecauseevensomeofhiscoworkersoccasionallylaughathisunusualmethods.ButFarberiscertainhe’llhavethelastlaugh.He’soneofasmallbutgrowingnumberofAmericanveterinarians(獸醫(yī))nowpracticing“holistic”medicine–combiningtraditionalWesterntreatmentswithacupuncture,chiropractic(按摩療法)andherbalmedicine.24.WhatdosomeofFarber’scoworkersthinkofhim?A.He’sodd. B.He’sstrict. C.He’sbrave. D.He’srude.調(diào)研05你(2023新課標Ⅱ卷第24題調(diào)研05Turningsoil,pullingweeds,andharvestingcabbagesoundliketoughworkformiddleandhighschoolkids.Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.24.WhatdoweknowaboutAbbyJaramillo?A.Sheusedtobeahealthworker.B.Shegrewupinalow-incomefamily.C.Sheownsafastfoodrestaurant.D.SheisaninitiatorofUrbanSprouts.調(diào)研06(2022新課標I卷第調(diào)研06GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiteratureGradingScale90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.Essays(60%)Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.GroupAssignments(30%)Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments(作業(yè))duringthecourse.AlltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%)…22.Howmanypartsisastudent’sfinalgrademadeupof?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.考法三：數(shù)據(jù)計算題數(shù)字計算題一般會涉及時間、年齡、價錢、數(shù)量、距離等的簡單計算。一般來說，計算量都比較小，容易計算。但是英語閱讀中的數(shù)字計算必須要找出計算背后所隱含的信息。這些“暗”信息會涉及對某個難句的理解，從這個角度上講，理解文中相應(yīng)的復雜句是解這類題的關(guān)鍵。數(shù)字計算題的話題有：1.廣告類；2.故事類；3.科普知識類；4.史地自然類；5.文化教育類。設(shè)問方式以when，inwhichyear，howmany/much等疑問詞(組)開頭引出問題。解此類試題常用“整合推算”法。此類題要求考生對具體細節(jié)信息,尤其是年齡、時間、數(shù)量等數(shù)字信息進行加工,但此類試題的重點不在于計算,而在于考查考生對具體信息的處理能力,故試題設(shè)置的計算一般比較簡單?！舅季S導圖】調(diào)研07(2023新課標I卷第調(diào)研07PricesHandBrake,ThreeGearsFootBrake,NoGears1hour7.505.003hours11.007.501day(24hours)14.759.75Eachadditionalday8.006.0022.Howmuchdoyoupayforrentingabikewithhandbrakeandthreegearsfortwodays?A.15.75.B.19.50.C.22.75.D.29.50.調(diào)研08調(diào)研08(2022全國乙卷第22題)ExhibitionTimesMonday-Saturday10.00-17.45Sunday12.00-17.45Lastadmissiontotheexhibition:17.15.Thereisnore-admission.Closed:24-26Decemberand1January.Admission￡4.Childrenunder12yearsaccompaniedbyanadultareadmittedfree.22.Howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder12payforadmission?A.￡4. B.￡8.C.￡12. D.￡16.調(diào)研09(2023浙江調(diào)研09ExplorersCamp?Fulldaycampforkidsaged5-13.?Monday-Friday,July8-26,9am-4pm.Week1|July8-12Week2|July15-19Week3|July22-26?Registerforasingleweekormultipleweeks.?Fees:$365perweek.?Thelastdaytocancelregistrationandreceiveafullrefund(退款)isJune15.23.Howmanyhoursofclasswillyouhavealtogetherifyouregisterforasingleweek?A.15. B.21. C.30. D.42.六、閱讀理解細節(jié)理解題同義替換歸納高頻同義轉(zhuǎn)換（動詞類）book=reserve=orderconduct=carryoutplease=amuse=entertainimprove=promoteguarantee=ensuredocument=recordruin=destroy=damage=violatedeclare=announce=informdivide=separate=partwithcomplete=fulfill=accomplish=achievedelay=putoff=postponegive=supply=provide=offerencourage=motivate=stimulate=spurreject=refuse=turndown=declinereceive=acceptsee=observe=notice=spotsearch=exploreconnect=link=relate=associatediscourage=frustraterent=hireprove=turnoutremove=getridofadmire=appreciatepossess=owndecide=determine=resolvetodoget=obtain=acquire=gain=possess高頻同義轉(zhuǎn)換（名詞類）data=statisticsnovel=fictionfeature=characteristicscareer=occupationmanners=etiquettegratitude=appreciationexperiment=trialpersonality=characterstress=pressureorigin=pioneercircumstance=environment=atmospherecreation=innovationachievement=recognitionoption=choice=selectionmaterial=resourceluggage=baggage=packagerule=regulation=principledirection=discipline=guidelinecolleague=coworkeressay=passage=article=textapproach=way=method=means高頻同義轉(zhuǎn)換（形容詞副詞類）delicious=tastyattentive=focusedoriginal=initialfinal=eventualobvious=evident=Strikingaccurate=exactauthentic=true=genuinethrilling=frighteningthrilled=excitedtime-honored=hasalonghistorydull=boringdaring=braveextra=additionalglad=pleased=delightedtouched=movedaccessible=available=athandappropriate=proper=suitableappealing=attractivecomplex=complicatedsafe=secure高頻同義轉(zhuǎn)換（高頻短語類）aheadoftime=inadvance=previousplacesofinterest=touristattractionresultin=leadto=contributetobeaccustomedto=beusedtodoingprevent...from=keep...from=stop...fromjoinin=takepartin=participatein=involvein=beengagedingetreadyfor=bepreparedforfocuson=concentrateontransformAintoB=turnAintoBinthelongterm=inthelongrunholdonto=insisttakeaction=takemeasures=takestepstokeepintouchwith=contactdealwith=copewith=handlewith=addressatthesametime=meanwhileonthespot=onthescenebeproudof=takeprideinheadinto=leaveforarriveat=reach=getto=approachinspiteof=despitefromone’sperspective=fromone’spointofviewtrydoing=attempttobefilledwith=bechargedwith=befullofruninto=comeacrosstaketheplaceof=replacefromtimetotime=onceinawhilebecaughtin=betrappedinconsistof=bemadeupofforamoment=forawhileacollectionof=aseriesoffigureout=findoutbrightup=lightuprollaround=turnupgive...alecture=deliveraspeechdrawone’sattention=attractone’sattentionbedesperatefor=desirefor=bethirstyforinfavorof=favorable七、閱讀理解細節(jié)理解題真題再練演練01演練01(2024新課標II卷B篇)Doyouevergettothetrainstationandrealizeyouforgottobringsomethingtoread?Yes,weallhaveourphones,butmanyofusstillliketogooldschoolandreadsomethingprinted.Well,there’sakiosk(小亭)forthat.IntheSanFranciscoBayArea,atleast.“Youenterthefaregates(檢票口)andyou’llseeakioskthatislitupandittellsyoucangetaone-minute,athree-minute,orafive-minutestory,”saysAliciaTrost,thechiefcommunicationsofficerfortheSanFranciscoBayAreaRapidTransit—knownasBART.“Youchoosewhichlengthyouwantanditgivesyouareceipt-likeshortstory.”It’sthatsimple.Ridershaveprintednearly20,000shortstoriesandpoemssincetheprogramwaslaunchedlastMarch.Someareclassicshortstories,andsomeareneworiginalworks.Trostalsowantstointroducelocalwriterstolocalriders.“WewantedtodosomethingwherewedoacalltoartistsintheBayAreatosubmitstoriesforacontest,”Trostsays.“Andasofrightnow,we’vereceivedabout120submissions.Thewinningstorieswouldgointoourkioskandthenyouwouldbeapublishedartist.”Ridershipontransit(交通)systemsacrossthecountryhasbeendownthepasthalfcentury,socouldshortstoriessavetransit?Trostthinksso.“Attheendofthedayalltransitagenciesrightnowaredoingeverythingtheycantoimprovetheriderexperience.SoIabsolutelythinkwewillgetmoreridersjustbecauseofshortstories,”shesays.Andyou’llneverbewithoutsomethingtoread.24.WhydidBARTstartthekioskprogram?A.Topromotethelocalculture. B.Todiscouragephoneuse.C.Tomeetpassengers’needs. D.Toreduceitsrunningcosts.25.Howarethestoriescategorizedinthekiosk?A.Bypopularity. B.Bylength.C.Bytheme. D.Bylanguage.26.WhathasTrostbeendoingrecently?A.Organizingastorycontest. B.Doingasurveyofcustomers.C.Choosingaprintpublisher. D.Conductinginterviewswithartists.27.WhatisTrost’sopinionaboutBART’sfuture?A.Itwillclosedown. B.Itsprofitswilldecline.C.Itwillexpandnationwide. D.Itsridershipwillincrease.演練02演練02(2024全國甲卷B篇)TheSaintLukastraindoesn’tacceptpassengers—itacceptsonlythesick.TheSaintLukasisoneoffivegovernment-sponsoredmedicaltrainsthattraveltoremotetownsincentralandeasternRussia.Eachstoplastsanaverageoftwodays,andduringthattimethedoctorsandnursesonboardproviderural(鄉(xiāng)村)populationswithbasicmedicalcare,X-rayscansandprescriptions.“Peoplestartedqueuingtomakeanappointmentearlyinthemorning,”saysEmileDucke,aGermanphotographerwhotraveledwiththestaffoftheSaintLukasforatwo-weektripinNovemberthroughthevastregions(區(qū)域)ofKrasnoyarskandKhakassia.Russia’spublichealthcareservicehasbeeninseriousneedofmodernization.Thegovernmenthasstruggledtocomeupwithmeasurestoaddresstheproblem,particularlyinthepoorer,ruralareaseastoftheVolgaRiver,includingarrangingdoctor’sappointmentsbyvideochatandexpandingfinancialaidprogramstomotivatedoctorstopracticemedicineinremotepartsofthecountrylikeKrasnoyarsk.TheannualarrivaloftheSaintLukasisanotherattempttoimprovethesituation.For10monthseveryyear,thetrainstopsatabouteightstationsovertwoweeks,beforereturningtotheregionalcapitaltorefuelandrestock(補給).Thenitstartsalloveragainthenextmonth.Moststationswaitaboutayearbetweenvisits.Doctorsseeupto150patientseveryday.Thetrain’sequipmentallowsforbasiccheckups.“Iwasveryimpressedbythedoctorsandtheirassistantsworkingandlivinginsuchlittlespacebutstillstayingfocusedandveryconcerned,”saysDucke.“Theywerethebestchanceformanyruralpeopletogetthetreatmenttheywant.”28.HowistheSaintLukasdifferentfromothertrains?A.Itrunsacrosscountries. B.Itreservesseatsfortheseniors.C.Itfunctionsasahospital. D.Ittravelsalongariver.29.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3aboutKrasnoyarsk?A.Itisheavilypopulated. B.Itofferstrainingfordoctors.C.Itisamoderncity. D.Itneedsmedicalaid.30.HowlongcantheSaintLukasworkwithonesupply?A.Aboutayear. B.Abouttenmonths.C.Abouttwomonths. D.Abouttwoweeks.31.WhatisDucke’sattitudetowardtheSaintLukas’services?A.Appreciative. B.Doubtful C.Ambiguous. D.Cautious.演練03演練03(2023新課標I卷B篇)WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(細菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse—likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”24.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasfondoftraveling. B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.Hehadaninquiringmind. D.Helongedtobeadoctor.25.WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A.Tofeedtheanimals. B.Tobuildanecosystem.C.Toprotecttheplants. D.Totesttheeco-machine.26.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A.ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans. B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.C.TocompareJohn’sdifferentjobs. D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.27.WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?A.Naturecanrepairitself. B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C.LifeonEarthisdiverse. D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.八、閱讀理解細節(jié)理解題名校模擬【模擬01】（2024·四川達州·二模）STEMCompetitionsforStudentsNSTAExploraVisionAreyouinterestedinwhatthefutureholds?ConsiderExploraVision’sSTEM(science,technology,engineering&mathematics)competition.Workinginteamsoftwotofour,studentswillresearchaparticulartechnologyandassessthewaysinwhichitmayimpactlivesmovingforward.Participantsarerequiredtowriteapaperanddrawwebpagescommunicatingtheirvision.Grades:7th-9thand10th-12thCompetitionType:RegionalandnationaleCyberMissionYoucanparticipateinthiscompetitionwithoutleavingthehouse.eCyberMissionisaweb-basedcontestinwhichparticipants—workinginteamsoftwotofourstudents—usescience,mathandtechnologytosolveproblemsfacingtheircommunities.First-placewinnersreceive$1,000.Grades:9thCompetitionType:Regional,stateandnationalTEAMSCompetitionHeldannually,TEAMSinvitesstudentstousetheirengineeringtalenttocontributetothecommunity.Workingingroupsoftwotofourstudents,participantscompletereal-lifeengineeringchallenges.Thecompetitionincludesmultiple-choicequestions,anessayandadesign-buildcomponent.Grades:9th-12thCompetitionType:StateandnationalTheConradChallengeInthischallenge,participantsworkinteamsoftwotofivestudentstodevelopproductsorservicesinresponsetokeyissuesfacingpeoplearoundtheworld.TheConradChallengeempowersstudentstotakecontroloftheirlearningandapplyittoreal-lifesituations.Winnersareeligible(有資格的)forscholarships,patentassistanceandaidincreatingcompanies.Grades:9th-12thCompetitionType:International1．WhatdoesNSTAExploraVision’sSTEMcompetitionfocuson?A．Engineeringinnovation.B．Students’paperwritingskills.C．Newtechnologyshapingthefuture.D．Students’abilityinwebpagedesign.2．WhatdothefourSTEMcompetitionshaveincommon?A．Winnerswillgetabigcashprize.B．Theyareallnationalcompetitions.C．Participantsarerequiredtoworkinteams.D．Participantsmustsolvereal-lifeproblems.3．Whichcompetitioninvolvesforeignstudents?A．NSTAExploraVision. B．eCvberMission.C．TEAMSCompetition. D．TheConradChallenge.【模擬02】（2024·江蘇宿遷·一模）Iwassurprisedtofindthecongestion(擁塞)outsideLayla’sprimaryschoolwasunusuallyabsent—I’ddrivenrightintoaparkingspace,andIwasontime,foronce.Theschoolbellrang,andinamomentastreamofchildrenmadetheirwaythroughthegate.Butsomethingwasdifferent—thekidswerepilingintovehiclesinthreesandfours.BeforeIcouldenquiremydaughterLayla,MrTrent,thedeputyhead,approached.“MrsPavis,didyounotreadourletter?”Letter?Whatletter?Ihadahistoryofnotlookingoutforthem,andnotreadingtheminmostcases.“Theletter?Ofcourse.Itmusthavejustslippedmymind—I’vebeenawaywithwork.”NowIwasdiggingaroundinLayla’smessyschoolbagathome.Eventually,Ifoundseveralletters,alladdressingthesametopic—parkingoutsidetheschoolgates.Apparentlywithsomeparentsparkingillegally,thepolicewereabouttogetinvolved.“Whydidn’tyougivemetheseletters?”Idemanded.Laylashrugged.“Iforgot.”IwasabouttolaunchintoaseverelecturewhenitoccurredtomethatIhadalwaysforgotten—IhadforgottentogiveLaylahermoneyforcookerythatmorningandforgottentohangoutthekids’washedclothes.Icontainedmyselfandfiguredoutthattheywantedtheparentstocar-pool(拼車).IspentthenexthalfhourringingroundLayla’sfriends’parents,enquiringiftheywouldliketocar-poolwithus.Unfortunately,theywereallsorted.Itwasmyownfault—Ishouldhavereadthoselettersagesago.“Er...Ioverheardotherstalkingaboutit,”Laylasaid,“Theysaidtheydidn’tknowwhowouldcar-poolwithus,becausewe’realwayslate.”Iflushedinstantly.Wewereadisorganisedfamily,andIwastheonetoblame.Iresolvedtochange.Withresponsibilityformykids,IfindIamnever,everlate.It’sgoodforLaylaandforherolderbrothers,andit’sgoodforme,becausenowIneverleavethehouseunprepared.I’veevenstartedcheckingthekids’schoolbagsfornotesfromschool.4．Whatdidtheauthornoticewhentheschoolwasover?A．Itwashardtofindaparkingspace. B．Childrenwerepickedupingroups.C．Herdaughterwasabsentfromclass. D．Shearrivedmuchearlierthanothers.5．Whatstoppedtheauthorcriticizingherdaughter?A．Thereflectionofherdailyroutine. B．Therealizationofhercarelessness.C．Theknowledgeofherkid’scharacter. D．Theawarenessofherkid’sdepression.6．Whydidothersrefusetocar-poolwiththemaccordingtoLayla?A．Becausetheycontactedthemlate. B．Becausetheyfailedtokeepthehousetidy.C．Becausetheycouldn’tbeontime. D．Becausetheyignoredtheschool’srequest.7．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Actioncreatesmotivation. B．Mother’sloveneverchanges.C．It’snevertoolatetomend. D．Patienceisthekeytosuccess.【模擬03】（2024·廣東江門·二）Everyday,peoplesharemorethan2billionphotosontheInternet.Whilevisualcontentprovidesafunandexpressivewayforpeopletocommunicateonline,consumingandcreatingitposeschallengesforpeoplewhoareblindorseverelyvisuallyimpaired(受損的).Withmorethan39millionpeoplewhoareblind,andover246millionwhohaveaseverevisualimpairme