Unit4NaturalDisastersReadingandThinking課件高中英語人教版

wordsandexpressions:1.

n.災(zāi)難;災(zāi)害

2.

n.&vt.營救;救援

3.

vt.&n.損害;損失

4.

vt.摧毀;毀滅

5.

vt.影響;侵襲

6.

n.電;電能

7.

n.努力;艱難的嘗試

8.

n.電力供應(yīng);能量

9.

adj.冷靜的vt.使平靜

10.

v.遞送;發(fā)表

electricityeffortcalmpowerdisasterrescuedestroydamageaffectdeliver11.

n.險境；陷阱

vt.

使落入險境12.

vt.埋葬；安葬13.

vt.&vi.呼吸

trapburybreatheTheNightTheEarthDidn’tSleepUnit4NaturalDisastersPara1StrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheasternHebei.Forserveraldays,thewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell,roseandfell.Thereweredeepcracks

thatappearedinthewellwalls.Atleastonewellhadsomesmellygascomingoutofit.

過去進行時大裂縫難聞的非謂語表伴隨河北省東北部的農(nóng)村不斷有怪事發(fā)生。好幾天了，村里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏。井壁上出現(xiàn)了深深的裂縫。至少一口井冒出了難聞的氣味。Para1Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat,anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide,andfishjumpedoutofthewater.Atabout3:00a.m.,on28July1976,brightlightswereseenintheskyoutsidethecityofTangshanandloudnoiseswereheard.Butthecity’sonemillionpeoplewereasleepasusualthatnight.太......而不能拒絕做某事非謂語表伴隨bedone被動bedone被動像往常一樣Para1雞甚至豬都焦躁不安、不愿進食，狗也不愿意回房屋里去，老鼠從地里竄出來四處找地方躲藏，魚從水里往外跳。1976年6月28日大約凌晨三點，唐山郊外的天空中出現(xiàn)了明亮的光，并且可以聽到巨大的噪音。但那天晚上，這座城市的100萬人像往常一樣熟睡。Task4(P50)Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat,anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.(1)翻譯:

too...to...意為“太……而不能……”,too修飾形容詞或(2)

,to后接動詞原形。

雞,甚至豬都緊張得不吃東西,狗也不愿進屋子里。副詞【基礎(chǔ)探究】(1)在too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)中有時出現(xiàn)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),而該結(jié)構(gòu)的形式通常為“too+adj.+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”。(2)too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)表示肯定意義的情況當(dāng)too之后跟表示主語的態(tài)度、情感、心情或傾向的詞,如glad、eager、anxious、happy、ready、nervous、pleased等時,該結(jié)構(gòu)表示肯定意義?！俱暯訉懽鳌客x句轉(zhuǎn)換(1)Thehouseisnotcheapenoughformetobuy.→Thehouseis

.

(2)Theproblemistoodifficultformetoworkout.→Theproblemis

Ican’tworkitout.

tooexpensiveformetobuysodifficultthatPara2At3:42a.m,everythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!Elevenkilometersdirectlybelowthecity,oneofthemostdeadlyearthquakesofthe20thcenturyhadbegun,aquakethatevencauseddamagemorethan150kilometresawayinBeijing.好像結(jié)束致命的定語從句凌晨3.42分，一切開始搖晃。仿佛世界末日即將來臨！20世紀(jì)最致命的地震之一就在該市正下方11千米處發(fā)生了，這次地震甚至對遠在150多千米外的北京造成了損害。Task5(P50)Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!(1)翻譯:

此處asif引導(dǎo)(2)

從句,可用asthough替代。Itseemedasif...意為“(3)

”。

仿佛世界末日即將來臨!表語似乎;看起來……【基礎(chǔ)探究】當(dāng)asif引導(dǎo)的句子表示真實的或極有可能發(fā)生或存在的情況時用陳述語氣。當(dāng)說話人認(rèn)為句子所述的是不真實的或不太可能發(fā)生或存在的情況時,從句用虛擬語氣。動詞時態(tài)的形式如下:(1)從句表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反,謂語動詞用一般過去時(be動詞要使用were)。(2)從句表示與過去事實相反,謂語動詞用“had+過去分詞”。(3)從句表示與將來事實相反,謂語動詞用“would/could/might+動詞原形”。Moregenerally,theInternetfunctionsasifitweremymemory.更通俗點說，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)所起的作用更像是我記憶能力的延伸。Itsoundsasifitwereraining.聽起來像是在下雨?！咀兪接?xùn)練】單句填空(1)ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifI

(do)it?

(2)Thesecretaryalwaysactsasifshe

(be)therealbossofthecompany.

(3)Theteachertreatsthepupilasifhe

(be)herownchild.

(4)Thetwostrangerstalkedasifthey

(be)goodfriendsformanyyears.

haddonewerewerehadbeenTask1damagen.

損壞;損失vt.

破壞;損害(P48)WhichbuildingsweredamagedinSeoul?首爾的哪些建筑物受損了?Damagecausedbytheearthquakedisastercan’tbeignored.地震災(zāi)害導(dǎo)致的損失不容忽視。cause/dodamageto對……造成損害;損害……n.damageone’shealth 損害某人的健康v.Discesiondestroy、damage、harm、hurt和ruin的用法區(qū)別【變式訓(xùn)練】用damage、ruin、destroy、harm、hurt的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Therearemanyancienttempleswhichhavefalleninto

.

(2)Thattownwas

inabigfire.

(3)Whattheysaidanddid

therelationsbetweenthetwocountries.

(4)Hiswords

myfeelings.

(5)Drinkingtoomuchcan

one’shealth.

ruinsdestroyedhurtdamagedharm/damage【銜接寫作】一句多譯眾所周知,抽煙會損害我們的健康。(1)Asweallknow,smokingcan

.(damagen.)

(2)Itiswellknownthatsmokingcan

.(damagevt.)

do/causedamagetoourhealthdamageourhealthPara2Nearlyonethirdofthewholenationfeltit!Ahugecrack,eightkilometreslongand30metreswide,cutacrosshouses,roads,andwaterways.Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt.Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.Thousandsofchildrenwereleftwithoutparents.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.在廢墟里定語從句修飾peoplebedone被動

定語從句Para2全國三分之一的地方均有震感。一個八千米長、三十米寬的巨大裂縫橫貫房屋，道路，和水道。石頭山變成了泥沙河。不到一分鐘，一座大城市躺在了廢墟里。當(dāng)?shù)鼐幼〉娜擞腥种劳龌蚴軅３汕先f的孩子失去了父母。地震中死亡或嚴(yán)重受傷的人數(shù)超過40萬。Task6inruins嚴(yán)重受損;破敗不堪(P50)Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.在不到一分鐘的時間里,一座大城市淪為廢墟。Thiscountry’seconomyliesinruins.這個國家的經(jīng)濟崩潰了。Thecityisnowinruins.那個城市現(xiàn)在成了一片廢墟?！净A(chǔ)探究】be/lieinruins成為廢墟fallintoruin

毀壞;毀滅cometoruin

毀滅;崩潰【變式訓(xùn)練】單句填空(1)Whatleftthetownin

(ruin)?

(2)Alargenumberofchurchesfell

ruinafterthebigflood.

ruinsinto【銜接寫作】完成句子Theheavyraincompletely

.大雨把我們的假期徹底毀了。

ruinedourholidayPara3Everywheresurvivorslooked,therewasnothingbutruins.Nearlyeverythinginthecitywasdestroyed.About75percentofthecity’sfactoriesandbuildings,90percentofitshomes,andallofitshospitalsweregone.Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves,butnowindcouldblowthemaway.地點狀語從句，“...之處主語比喻把..吹走幸存者目及之處，無一不是廢墟。城里幾乎所有的東西都被毀了。大約75%的工廠和建筑，90%的房屋，以及所有的醫(yī)院都消失了。殘磚就像秋天的紅葉覆蓋著大地，但是沒有風(fēng)能把他們吹走。Para3Mostbridgeshadfallenorwerenotsafetocross,therailwaytrackswerenowuselesspiecesofmetal.Tensofthousandsofcows,hundredsofthousandsofpigs,andmillionsofchickensweredead.Sandnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Peoplewereinshock—-andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain.Evenmorebuildingsfelldown.Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.通過鐵路軌道無用的主語填...震驚賓語從句大部分橋梁倒塌或者無法安全通過，鐵軌如今成了無用的金屬塊。數(shù)萬頭牛，數(shù)十萬頭豬和數(shù)百萬只雞死亡。井里滿是沙子，而不是水。人們震驚了。然后，那天下午晚些時候，唐山又發(fā)生了一次大地震。甚至更多的建筑倒塌。水、食物和電都很難獲得。人們開始在想這場災(zāi)難還會持續(xù)多久。Para3Task7shockn.震驚;令人震驚的事;休克vt.(使)震驚(P50)Peoplewereinshock—andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain.人們震驚了——然后,當(dāng)天下午晚些時候,又一場大地震侵襲唐山。Ilookedatmyhusbandinshock,waitingforhimtotellmethatIhadmisunderstoodeverything.我震驚地望著丈夫,期待他告訴我,這一切都是我的誤解。Hissituationwasagreatshocktousall.他的處境使我們大家都大為震驚?！净A(chǔ)探究】 agreatshocktosb

某人極為震驚的事inshock

震驚;吃驚shocked

adj.

震驚的;驚訝的beshockedat/by

對……吃驚beshockedtodosth

做某事很吃驚shocking

adj.

令人震驚的【變式訓(xùn)練】單句填空(1)Thenews

(shock)thepublic,leadingtogreatconcernaboutstudents’safetyatschool.

(2)Thenewsofhissuddendeathisso

thateveryoneisvery

atit.(shock)

(3)Iwasshocked

(hear)thatKobeandhisdaughterdiedintheterribleaircrash.

shockedshockingshockedtohearButhopewasnotlost.Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshanto

digout

thosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.Morethan10,000doctorsandnursescametoprovidemedicalcare.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.Hundredsifthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.Waterandfoodwerebroughtintothecitybytrain,truck,andplane.Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.定語從句被動，受困挖掘埋葬避難所，臨時安置點被動，被帶進被動，被幫助呼吸Para4但希望并沒有喪失。地震后不久，部隊派出了15萬名士兵奔赴唐山，將受困群眾從廢墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。一萬多名醫(yī)生和護士前來提供醫(yī)療護理。救援人員為那些家園被毀的幸存者蓋起了避難所。數(shù)十萬人得到了幫助。水和食物被火車、卡車和飛機運進城市。慢慢地，這座城市又開始恢復(fù)了生機。Para4Task8trapvt.

使落入險境;使陷入圈套n.

險境;陷阱(P50)Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.地震發(fā)生后不久,部隊派出了15萬名戰(zhàn)士奔赴唐山,將受困群眾從廢墟中挖出,并掩埋死者。Whentravellingtheyweretrappedinthemountain,waitingtoberescued.旅行時,他們被困在山上,等待救援。Ifyouchoosethisway,you’relikelytofallintoatrap.如果你選擇這條路,你很有可能會落入圈套。【基礎(chǔ)探究】trapsbinto(doing)sth

誘使某人做某事betrappedin

被困住……set/layatrap

布好陷阱;設(shè)下圈套becaughtinatrapof... 陷入……的困境【變式訓(xùn)練】單句填空(1)She

(trap)intheburninghouse.

(2)Iwastrapped

tellingthepersonallIknew.

wastrappedinto【銜接寫作】句式升級Theteamweretrappedintheburningbuildingandtheywereeagertoberescued.(用定語從句改寫)

Theteamwhoweretrappedintheburningbuildingwereeagertoberescued.Task9buryvt.

埋葬;安葬;掩埋;使沉浸;使專心(P50)Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.地震發(fā)生后不久,部隊派出了15萬名戰(zhàn)士奔赴唐山,將受困群眾從廢墟中挖出,并掩埋死者。Theirambitionswerefinallyburied.他們的雄心壯志最終被埋藏了。

【變式訓(xùn)練】單句填空(1)Sheburiedherface

herhandswhensheheardthebadnews.

(2)Eversincehemovedthere,he

(bury)inhisresearchwork.

(3)Inthepastthreeweeks,wehavebeenburying

(we)instudybecausetheexamisdrawingnear.

inhasbeenburiedourselves【銜接寫作】一句多譯由于他埋頭讀書,因此他不知道外面下雨了。(1)

,

hedidn’tknowitwasrainingoutside.(連詞because)(2)

,hedidn’tknowitwasrainingoutside.(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語)

(3)

,hedidn’tknowitwasrainingoutside.(過去分詞作狀語)

Becauseheburiedhimself/wasburiedinthebook

BuryinghimselfinthebookBuriedinthebookTangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandtirelesseffortsofthecity’speople,anewTangshanwasbuiltupontheearthquakeruins.Thenewcityhasbecomeahometomorethansevenmillionpeople,withgreatimprovementsintransportation,industry,andenvironment.TangshancityhasprovedtoChinaandtherestoftheworldthatintimesofdisaster,peoplemustunifyandshowthewisdomtostaypositiveandrebuildforabrighterfuture.復(fù)活重新站了起來被動...的家園給...證明賓語從句團結(jié)，聯(lián)合起來展現(xiàn)...的智慧重建Para5唐山開始復(fù)蘇，重新站了起來。在政府的大力支持下，在全市人民的不懈努力下，一個新的唐山在地震廢墟上建成了。隨著交通、工業(yè)和環(huán)境的極大改善，這座新城市已經(jīng)成為700多萬人的家園。唐山市向中國和世界的其他地方證明，在災(zāi)難面前，人民必須團結(jié)起來，拿出智慧，保持積極的心態(tài)，重建更美好的未來