高中英語新教材必修二知識清單及鞏固練習(xí)

高中英語新教材必修二Unit1知識清單***知識清單***一、詞形轉(zhuǎn)換1．threatn．威脅→threatenvt.威脅；危及2．huntv．打獵；搜尋；追捕→huntern．獵人3．raten．速度；(比)率vt.劃分等級→ratingn．等級；級別4．extinctadj.已滅絕的→extinctionn．滅絕5．pressvt.壓；按→pressuren．壓力；要求6．concernn．擔(dān)心；關(guān)心vt.讓……擔(dān)憂；涉及→concernedadj.擔(dān)心的；關(guān)切的7．legaladj.法律的；合法的→illegaladj.不合法的；非法的→illegallyadv.不合法地；非法地8．a(chǎn)larmvt.使害怕；使驚恐；使擔(dān)心n．警報；恐慌；警報器→alarmingadj.驚人的；使人驚恐的→alarmedadj.擔(dān)心的；害怕的9．intendvi.&vt.打算；計劃；想要→intentionn．打算；目的10．existvi.存在；生存→existencen．存在；生存二、重點單詞和短語1．raten．速度；(比)率vt.劃分等級；評價；評估①Mostpeoplewalkatanaveragerateof5

kilometresanhour.n.速度②Thebirthrateofthatcountryisreducing.n.(比)率③ChinaandIndiaareratedasthemostattractivemarketsnow.v.評價，看作2．reserven．(動植物)保護區(qū)；儲藏(量)vt.預(yù)訂；預(yù)留；保留①Theseseatsarereservedfortheelderlyandwomenwithbabies.vt.預(yù)留②I'dliketoreserveatableforthreeforeighto'clock.vt.預(yù)訂③Wesetupawildlifereservetoprotectendangeredelephants.n.保護區(qū)

dieout滅絕；逐漸消失；逐漸熄滅[例1]Withsocietydeveloping，manyoldcustomsaredyingout.發(fā)表評職稱論文省級國家級均可安排G4純教育期刊，知網(wǎng)全文收錄專利，軟著著作出書，掛名主編副主編，CIP可查國家級教育部課題，國家級各類證書，網(wǎng)上可查微信同號著社會的發(fā)展，許多古老的風(fēng)俗在逐漸消失。[例2]Withthelivingenvironmentbecomingworseandworse，manyoftheearth'sspeciesaredyingout.隨著生存環(huán)境變得越來越糟，地球上的很多物種正在消失。[造句]一旦大火熄滅，救援隊就會馬上進(jìn)入。Oncethefirehasdiedout，therescueteamwillmoveinimmediately.[知識拓展]dieaway逐漸減弱，逐漸模糊，逐漸消失diedown

逐漸降低，逐漸平息dieoff

相繼死去dieof

死于(內(nèi)因)diefrom

死于(外因)diefor

為……而死alarmingadj.驚人的；使人驚恐的[例1]Itistruethattheearth'sresourcesarerunningoutatanalarmingrate，soweshouldmakegooduseofthem.的確，地球資源正以驚人的速度耗盡，所以我們應(yīng)該好好利用它們。[例2]Thisideaseemstobecomelessalarming.這個想法似乎就變得不那么可怕了。[造句]人口正以驚人的速度下降。Thepopulationisdroppingatanalarmingrate.[知識拓展](1)alarm

vt.使驚恐；使害怕；使擔(dān)心n.警報；恐慌inalarm驚恐地(2)alarmedadj.驚恐的；憂慮的bealarmedat/by...對……大為驚慌bealarmedtodo...做……感到恐慌Wewerealarmedatthealarmingscreamasthescreamdidalarmus.我們被那令人驚恐的尖叫聲嚇了一跳，因為那叫聲的確使我們感到驚恐。awareof意識到；知道Wemustmakepeopleawareoftheproblemandhelp

theendangeredwildlifebeforeit'stoolate！我們必須讓人們意識到這個問題，并及時幫助……瀕危野生動物！[例1]Inconclusion，peoplearoundtheworldshouldbewellawareoftherealsituationofwatershortage.總之，全世界的人們都應(yīng)該清楚地知道水資源短缺的真實情況。[例2]Thefailuremademeawareofmyownshortcomings.這次失敗使我意識到了我自己的缺點。[造句]每個人都意識到了污染的嚴(yán)重性。Everybodyisawareoftheseriousnessofpollution.[知識拓展](1)be/becomeawareof...對……知道；明白；意識到be/becomeawarethat...知道/體會到……as/sofarasIamaware

據(jù)我所知makesb.awareof...

使某人意識到……(2)awarenessn.

意識；認(rèn)識developanawarenessof...

形成……的意識raiseawareness

提高意識她還沒意識到她做錯了。→Shewasnotawareofhavingdonewrong．→Shewasnotawarethatshehaddonewrong．→Shewasnotawareofwhatshehaddonewaswrong．[名師點津]

(1)aware后跟名詞性從句時，一般從句前不能用of，但在what從句前必須用of。(2)修飾aware可用well，much，verymuch，fully，但不用very。(3)beaware后一般不接不定式。averageadj.平均的；正常的；普通的

n．平均水平；平均數(shù)(教材P14)Howmanyelephantsarekilledonaverageeveryday？平均每天有多少頭大象被殺？[例1]Heisworkinghardandhisgradesareabovetheaverageinhisclass.他學(xué)習(xí)刻苦，成績在班里高于平均水平。[例2]Theaverageof3，8and10is7.3，8，10的平均數(shù)為7。[造句]每個班平均有10名學(xué)生未通過考試。Anaverageoftenstudentshaven'tpassedtheexamineachclass.[知識拓展](1)on(the)average平均來看above(the)average

高于平均水平below(the)average

低于平均水平(2)anaverageof...

平均有……(后跟數(shù)詞)theaverageof...

……的平均數(shù)Thetemperaturenowisbelowaverage．此時的氣溫低于平均水平。concernedabout對……關(guān)切的；為……擔(dān)憂的(教材P15)I'mconcernedabouttheAfricanelephants.我很擔(dān)心非洲大象。[例1]Sheisconcernedabout/forherson'sfuture.她擔(dān)憂她兒子的未來。[例2]Youwilltellyourfriendthatyouareconcernedabouthimandyouwillmeetafterclassandtalkthen.你會告訴你的朋友你很關(guān)心他，下課后你們會見面交談。[造句]我們都擔(dān)心她的安全。Weareallconcernedabouthersafety.[知識拓展](1)concernvt.(使)擔(dān)憂；涉及；關(guān)系到n.擔(dān)心；關(guān)注；(利害)關(guān)系showconcernfor關(guān)心(2)concernedadj.

擔(dān)心的；關(guān)注的as/sofaras...beconcerned關(guān)于；至于；就……而言beconcernedwithsth.

牽涉到；與……有關(guān)(3)concerningprep.

關(guān)于Thestoryconcernstheprince'seffortstorescuePamina.Hewasconcernedthatshemightmisstheturningandgetlost.AllthedifficultiesconcerningPaminaweresolvedbytheprince.這故事講的是王子奮力解救帕米娜。他擔(dān)心她可能會錯過轉(zhuǎn)彎的地方而迷路。所有與帕米娜有關(guān)的難事都由王子解決。adaptvi.適應(yīng)

vt.使適應(yīng)；使適合；改編(教材P15)Elephantsneedlargelivingspaces，soit'sdifficultforthemtoadapttothechanges.大象需要很大的生存空間，所以它們很難適應(yīng)變化。[例1]Notonlyhassheadapted(herself)tothefastrhythmofcitylife，butsheisbecomingmoreandmoreoutgoing.她不僅已經(jīng)適應(yīng)了快節(jié)奏的城市生活，而且變得越來越開朗。[例2]Aftergraduationfromcollege，Igraduallyadaptedmyselftolivingonmyown.大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，我逐漸適應(yīng)了獨立生活。[造句]據(jù)說這部新影片是根據(jù)一本小說改編的。Thisnewfilmissaidtobeadaptedfromanovel.[知識拓展](1)adaptto適合，適應(yīng)adaptoneselfto

使自己適應(yīng)adapt...to...

使……適應(yīng)……adapt...for...

將……改編為……adaptsth.fromsth.

根據(jù)……改編……(2)adaptableadj.

能適應(yīng)的；可修改的(3)adaptationn.

改編本；適應(yīng)[名師點津]

adapt(oneself)to中的to為介詞，其后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。Thechildrenarefindingithardtoadapttotheirnewsurroundings.孩子發(fā)覺很難適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。measuren．措施；方法vt.測量；度量；估量(教材P15)Whatmeasuresarebeingtakentohelpthem?正在采取什么措施來幫助它們呢？[例1]Theroommeasures10metresacross.這個房間寬十米。[例2]Educationshouldn'tbemeasuredpurelybyexaminationresults.教育不應(yīng)該僅僅用考試結(jié)果來衡量。[造句]你們應(yīng)該采取有效措施來改善你們的工作環(huán)境。Youshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestoimproveyourworkingconditions．[知識拓展](1)takemeasures/stepstodosth.采取措施做某事madetomeasure

量身定制的(2)measuresth.bysth.

用某物來衡量某物[名師點津]measure表示“量度為”時，是系動詞，后跟測量結(jié)果，不用于被動語態(tài)及進(jìn)行時。類似用法的單詞還有weigh。Thinkaboutmeasuresofmeasuringtheweightoftheelephant.思考測量大象重量的辦法。observevt.觀察到；注視；看到；注意到；遵守(規(guī)則、法律等)；慶祝(教材P16)Thisiswhywe'rehere—toobserveTibetanantelopes.這就是我們來這里的原因——觀察藏羚羊。[例1]Asamiddleschoolstudent，heshouldobservetheschoolrulesandtrafficregulations.作為一個中學(xué)生，他應(yīng)該遵守校規(guī)和交通規(guī)則。[例2]Iobservedthatseveralstudentswereasleepinclass.我注意到有幾個學(xué)生在課堂上睡著了。[造句]全世界的中國人都慶祝春節(jié)。ChineseallovertheworldobservetheSpringFestival.[知識拓展](1)observesb.dosth.觀察到某人做了某事observesb.doingsth.觀察到某人正在做某事observe＋that從句

發(fā)現(xiàn)……(2)observationn.

觀察，觀測[名師點津]表示“注意到，看到”，后面接復(fù)合賓語，其中用動詞不定式和v.ing形式作賓語補足語，但動詞不定式作賓語補足語時，要省略動詞不定式符號to，強調(diào)動作發(fā)生的全過程，但用于被動語態(tài)時，不定式符號to不可省略；v.ing形式作賓語補足語時，強調(diào)動作正在進(jìn)行。WhenweattendtheparadetoobservetheNationalDay，wemustobservethetrafficregulations.Ifweobservesomeonerunaredlight，weshouldstophim.當(dāng)我們參加游行慶祝國慶節(jié)的時候，我們必須遵守交通規(guī)則。如果我們看到有人闖紅燈，我們就要阻止他。remindvt.提醒；使想起(教材P16)I'malsoremindedofthedangertheyarein.我也意識到了它們所處的危險。[例1]Idon'twantthemtoremindmeofher.我不想因它們而想起她來。[例2]Remindednottodriveafterdrinking，somedriversarestilltryingtheirluck，whichisreallydangerous.盡管被提醒不要酒后駕車，一些司機仍然心存僥幸，這十分危險。[造句]這些老照片使我想起了我在農(nóng)村度過的那些日子。TheseoldphotosremindedmeofthedaysIspentinthecountryside.[知識拓展]remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事remindsb.that...

使某人想起……；提醒某人……intendv．計劃；打算；想要(教材P16)Thegovernment，however，doesnotintendtostoptheprotectionprogrammes，sincethethreatstotheTibetanantelopehavenotyetdisappeared.然而，政府并沒有打算停止這些保護項目，因為對藏羚羊的威脅依然存在。[例1]Themeetingisintendedtodealwithsomeimportantproblems.開這個會的目的是想解決一些重要問題。[例2]Ihadintendedtowatchthegame，butIhadsomethingmoreimportanttodo.＝Iintendedtohavewatchedthegame，butIhadsomethingmoreimportanttodo.我本打算看這場比賽，但是有更重要的事要做。[造句]女朋友和我打算明年結(jié)婚。MygirlfriendandIintendtogetmarriednextyear.[知識拓展](1)intenddoing/todosth.打算做某事intendsb.todosth.

打算讓某人做某事(2)beintendedtodo...

為了做……beintendedfor...

專門為……而設(shè)計的；專供……使用的(3)hadintendedtodosth.＝intendedtohavedonesth.本打算做某事(但沒有做)(4)intentionn.

打算；計劃haveintentionofdoing...打算做……Thewaterisnotintendedfordrinking.這是非飲用水。Iintendyoutotakeoverthebusiness.我打算讓你來接管生意。三、重點句型Thisiswhy...“這就是……的原因”。(教材P16)Thisiswhywe'rehere—toobserveTibetanantelopes.這就是我們來這里的原因——觀察藏羚羊。[句式分析]Thisiswhy...這就是……的原因。此處why引導(dǎo)表語從句。[例1]Tomwasill.Thatwaswhyhecamelateforthemeeting.湯姆病了。那就是他開會遲到的原因。[例2]I'vegotacold，thatiswhyIwouldn'tliketohaveameal.我感冒了，那就是我不想吃飯的原因。[造句]這就是為什么我寫信要求做一名志愿者。ThisiswhyIamwritingthisletteraskingtobeavolunteer.[知識拓展](1)That/Thisis/waswhy...這就是為什么……(why從句表示結(jié)果)(2)That/Thisis/wasbecause...這是因為……(because從句表示原因)(3)Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...……的原因是……(表語從句常用that引導(dǎo)，而不用because)①Thereasonwhyhewasn'tadmittedintoakeyuniversitywasthathisgradesweretoolow．他沒有被重點大學(xué)錄取的原因是他的分?jǐn)?shù)太低。②Tomcamelateforthemeeting.Thatwasbecausehewasill．湯姆開會遲到了。那是因為他病了。only修飾狀語位于句首，用部分倒裝。(教材P16)Onlywhenwelearntoexistinharmonywithnaturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.只有學(xué)會和大自然和諧共處，我們才不會成為野生生物和地球的威脅。[句式分析]only修飾狀語從句放在句首時主句須部分倒裝。[例1]Onlyinthiswaycanyouworkouttheproblem.只有這樣，你才能算出這道題來。[例2]Onlyifhegetsajobcanhehaveenoughmoneytocontinuehisstudiesatcollege.他只有找到工作才能有足夠的錢繼續(xù)大學(xué)的學(xué)業(yè)。[造句]只有到那時我才意識到我做錯了。OnlythendidIrealizethatIhaddonewrong.[知識拓展]only修飾副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句置于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝，即把句子謂語中的助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或系動詞be放在主語之前。[名師點津]若only修飾主語，即使在句首也不倒裝。①Onlyinthiswaycanyoungpeoplelearnhowtoobserveexcellenttraditions.只有這樣年輕人才能學(xué)會如何遵守優(yōu)良的傳統(tǒng)。②Onlywhenhereturnedhomewasheawareofwhathadhappened.當(dāng)他回到家里時，才知道出了什么事。③Onlybypractisingpapercuttingmorecanyoulearnthefolkart.只有通過多練習(xí)剪紙，你才能掌握這門民間藝術(shù)。

(教材P16)Watchingthemmoveslowlyacrossthegreengrass，Iwasstruckbytheirbeauty.分析：本句是一個簡單句。watchingthemmoveslowlyacrossthegreengrass在句中作狀語。譯文：看著它們慢慢地穿過綠色的草地，我被它們的美麗所打動。(教材P16)Thegovernment，however，doesnotintendtostoptheprotectionprogrammes，sincethethreatstotheTibetanantelopehavenotyetdisappeared.[分析]本句是一個主從復(fù)合句，since引導(dǎo)的是一個原因狀語從句。[譯文]然而，政府并沒有打算停止這些保護項目，因為對藏羚羊的威脅依然存在。(教材P16)Onlywhenwelearntoexistinharmonywithnaturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.[分析]本句是一個主從復(fù)合句，whenwelearntoexistinharmonywithnature為時間狀語從句，因前面有only修飾，故主句要用部分倒裝。[譯文]只有學(xué)會和大自然和諧共處，我們才不會成為野生生物和地球的威脅。

***同步練習(xí)***Unit1CulturalHeritage基礎(chǔ)鞏固練習(xí)一、重點短語

1.參與(某事)；參加(某活動)_______2.讓步;屈服________3.保持平衡________4.導(dǎo)致________5.提出建議________6.向…求助________7.阻止;不準(zhǔn)________8.保護…不受傷害_______9.向…捐贈________10.確保;設(shè)法保證________11.在世界各地________12.可能做某事________13.把……限制在……內(nèi)________14.有助于；促使；導(dǎo)致________15.企圖做某事；嘗試做某事________16.因某事原諒某人________17.在某人看來________18.值得做某事________

二、詞形轉(zhuǎn)換1.create(v.)_____adj.______adv.

2.promote(v.)

_____n.3.apply(v.)_______n.申請；應(yīng)用_____n.申請人4.contribute(v.)_______n.5.donate(v.)_______n.6.disappear(v.)________n.

______（反義）7.professional(adj.)______n.8.tradition(n.)_______adj.9.historic(adj.)_______n.10.comparison(n.)______v.三、單詞拼寫1.I’llhelpasmuchasIcan,butthereisa_______(限制）towhatIcando.2.Waitandplayarebothnecessarytohealth.The_______(前者)givesusenergyandthelattergivesusrest.

3.Itwasamazingthatshesolvedtheproblem________(創(chuàng)造性地）lastnight.4.Onlyinthiswaycanwekeep_______(平衡)betweenstudyandpleasure.

5.Weshould_______(捐贈）somemoneytothosewhoareintrouble.

6.Allofusshouldloveourparents_______(永遠(yuǎn)）andtrytoaccompanythemasmuchaspossible.7.Wemustdoourbesttopreventthesehistoricsitefrom_______(消失).

8.Thecommitteemetseveraltimestodiscusstheseimportant________(問題).

9.Althoughmanyofbooksare_______(數(shù)碼的）,somebookswillstill

bearound.10.Suchapersonmaybe_______(原諒)ifheislate，butnotthosewhoaredeliberatelylate.

四、單選題1.Itishighlyimportanttopreventtheenvironmentfrom________.

A.polluting

B.pollutedC.tobepolluted

D.beingpolluted

2.LastSunday,ourschoolheldafive-kilometerrunningrace.Allthestudents_______it.

A.tookpartin

B.joinedC.playedpartin

D.attended3.Afteralongargument,wedidn't________eachother.

A.givein

B.giveupto

C.givewayto

D.giveawayto4.Eatingtoomuchfat________Tom’shealthproblems.

A.ledto

B.ledin

C.resultedto

D.dueto5.Theyallmadeaproposalthatthey________thetaxifair.

A.haveshared

B.shareC.shouldbeshared

D.willshare

6.Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,you'llbeless___yourworkhome.A.likelybringingB.probablybringing

C.likelytobring

D.possiblytobring

7.WhenIamintrouble,Ialways_______myfriendsforhelp.

A.turnon

B.turntoC.turndown

D.turnin

8.Everyyear40,000peopleattempt________Kilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.A.climb

B.atclimbingC.toclimbing

D.toclimb9.Thearticleiswell________reading,butit'snot________ofbeingtranslated.

A.worth;worthy

B.worthwhile;worthC.worth;worthwhileD.worthy;worth10.Therecomesatime________theeconomyisdevelopingrapidly.A.when

B.than

C.while

D.as11.NotonlyyoubutalsoJudy________toblameforthisaccident.A.are

B.is

C.aregoing

D.isbeing

12.For________informationonhealthyeating,youcanvisitourwebsite.A.farther

B.furtherC.furthestD.farthest13.Youshouldchangetheway_______youtalktoyourparents.A.who

B.which

C.inwhich

D.where14.Weliveinanage_______everyonevaluestimeverymuch.A.that

B.where

C.when

D.which15.Thisisthebestnovel________Ihaveeverread.A.which

B.what

C.as

D.that五、句子翻譯1她不但會說法語，還會打字。（notonly…butalso）2.他是我們大家都愿意向其學(xué)習(xí)的人。（定語從句）3.我們將去參加由你們學(xué)校舉行的夏令營，這使我們感到非常興奮。(takepartin,非限制定語從句)***參考答案***一、重點短語1.takepartin

2.givewayto3.keepbalance4.leadto

5.makeaproposal6.turnto7.prevent…from…8.protect...from...

9.donate...to...10.makesure11.allovertheworld12.belikelytodosth.

13.limit…to…

14.contributeto15.attempttodosth.16.forgivesb.forsth.17.inone’sopinion18.It’sworthwhiledoing/todosth.

二、詞形轉(zhuǎn)換1.creative;creatively2.promotion3.application;applicant4.contribution5.donation6.disappearance;appear7.profession8.traditional9.history10.compare

三、單詞拼寫1.limit2.former3.creatively4.balance

5.contribute/donate6.forever

7.disappearing

8.issues

9.digital10.forgiven四、單項選擇

1-5

DACAB6-10

CBDAA

11-15

BBCCD五、句子翻譯1.NotonlycanshespeakFrench,butalsosheknowshowtotype.2.Heisamanwhomweareallreadytolearnfrom.3.Wewilltakepartinthesummercampheldbyyourschool,whichmakesusveryhappy.高中英語新教材必修二Unit2知識清單***知識清單***一、詞形轉(zhuǎn)換1.threatn．威脅→threatenvt.威脅；危及2.huntv．打獵；搜尋；追捕→huntern．獵人3.raten．速度；(比)率vt.劃分等級→ratingn．等級；級別4.extinctadj.已滅絕的→extinctionn．滅絕5.pressvt.壓；按→pressuren．壓力；要求6.concernn．擔(dān)心；關(guān)心vt.讓……擔(dān)憂；涉及→concernedadj.擔(dān)心的；關(guān)切的7.legaladj.法律的；合法的→illegaladj.不合法的；非法的→illegallyadv.不合法地；非法地8.alarmvt.使害怕；使驚恐；使擔(dān)心n．警報；恐慌；警報器→alarmingadj.驚人的；使人驚恐的→alarmedadj.擔(dān)心的；害怕的9.intendvi.&vt.打算；計劃；想要→intentionn．打算；目的10.existvi.存在；生存→existencen．存在；生存二、重點單詞和短語rate

n．速度；(比)率vt.劃分等級；評價；評估①Mostpeoplewalkatanaveragerateof5

kilometresanhour.n.速度②Thebirthrateofthatcountryisreducing.n.(比)率③ChinaandIndiaareratedasthemostattractivemarketsnow.v.評價，看作reserve

n．(動植物)保護區(qū)；儲藏(量)vt.預(yù)訂；預(yù)留；保留①Theseseatsarereservedfortheelderlyandwomenwithbabies.vt.預(yù)留②I'dliketoreserveatableforthreeforeighto'clock.vt.預(yù)訂③Wesetupawildlifereservetoprotectendangeredelephants.n.保護區(qū)

dieout滅絕；逐漸消失；逐漸熄滅[例1]Withsocietydeveloping，manyoldcustomsaredyingout.隨著社會的發(fā)展，許多古老的風(fēng)俗在逐漸消失。[例2]Withthelivingenvironmentbecomingworseandworse，manyoftheearth'sspeciesaredyingout.隨著生存環(huán)境變得越來越糟，地球上的很多物種正在消失。[造句]一旦大火熄滅，救援隊就會馬上進(jìn)入。Oncethefirehasdiedout，therescueteamwillmoveinimmediately.[知識拓展]dieaway逐漸減弱，逐漸模糊，逐漸消失diedown

逐漸降低，逐漸平息dieoff

相繼死去dieof

死于(內(nèi)因)diefrom

死于(外因)diefor

為……而死alarming

adj.驚人的；使人驚恐的[例1]Itistruethattheearth'sresourcesarerunningoutatanalarmingrate，soweshouldmakegooduseofthem.的確，地球資源正以驚人的速度耗盡，所以我們應(yīng)該好好利用它們。[例2]Thisideaseemstobecomelessalarming.這個想法似乎就變得不那么可怕了。[造句]人口正以驚人的速度下降。Thepopulationisdroppingatanalarmingrate.[知識拓展](1)alarm

vt.使驚恐；使害怕；使擔(dān)心n.警報；恐慌inalarm驚恐地(2)alarmedadj.驚恐的；憂慮的bealarmedat/by...對……大為驚慌bealarmedtodo...做……感到恐慌Wewerealarmedatthealarmingscreamasthescreamdidalarmus.我們被那令人驚恐的尖叫聲嚇了一跳，因為那叫聲的確使我們感到驚恐。awareof...

意識到；知道Wemustmakepeopleawareoftheproblemandhelp

theendangeredwildlifebeforeit'stoolate！我們必須讓人們意識到這個問題，并及時幫助……瀕危野生動物！[例1]Inconclusion，peoplearoundtheworldshouldbewellawareoftherealsituationofwatershortage.總之，全世界的人們都應(yīng)該清楚地知道水資源短缺的真實情況。[例2]Thefailuremademeawareofmyownshortcomings.這次失敗使我意識到了我自己的缺點。[造句]每個人都意識到了污染的嚴(yán)重性。Everybodyisawareoftheseriousnessofpollution.[知識拓展](1)be/becomeawareof...對……知道；明白；意識到be/becomeawarethat...知道/體會到……as/sofarasIamaware

據(jù)我所知makesb.awareof...

使某人意識到……(2)awareness

n.

意識；認(rèn)識developanawarenessof...

形成……的意識raiseawareness

提高意識她還沒意識到她做錯了。→Shewasnotawareofhavingdonewrong．→Shewasnotawarethatshehaddonewrong．→Shewasnotawareofwhatshehaddonewaswrong．[名師點津]

(1)aware后跟名詞性從句時，一般從句前不能用of，但在what從句前必須用of。(2)修飾aware可用well，much，verymuch，fully，但不用very。(3)beaware后一般不接不定式。average

adj.平均的；正常的；普通的

n．平均水平；平均數(shù)Howmanyelephantsarekilledonaverageeveryday？平均每天有多少頭大象被殺？[例1]Heisworkinghardandhisgradesareabovetheaverageinhisclass.他學(xué)習(xí)刻苦，成績在班里高于平均水平。[例2]Theaverageof3，8and10is7.3，8，10的平均數(shù)為7。[造句]每個班平均有10名學(xué)生未通過考試。Anaverageoftenstudentshaven'tpassedtheexamineachclass.[知識拓展](1)on(the)average平均來看above(the)average

高于平均水平below(the)average

低于平均水平(2)anaverageof...

平均有……(后跟數(shù)詞)theaverageof...

……的平均數(shù)Thetemperaturenowisbelowaverage．此時的氣溫低于平均水平。concernedabout...

對……關(guān)切的；為……擔(dān)憂的I'mconcernedabouttheAfricanelephants.我很擔(dān)心非洲大象。[例1]Sheisconcernedabout/forherson'sfuture.她擔(dān)憂她兒子的未來。[例2]Youwilltellyourfriendthatyouareconcernedabouthimandyouwillmeetafterclassandtalkthen.你會告訴你的朋友你很關(guān)心他，下課后你們會見面交談。[造句]我們都擔(dān)心她的安全。Weareallconcernedabouthersafety.[知識拓展](1)concernvt.(使)擔(dān)憂；涉及；關(guān)系到n.擔(dān)心；關(guān)注；(利害)關(guān)系showconcernfor關(guān)心(2)concernedadj.

擔(dān)心的；關(guān)注的as/sofaras...beconcerned關(guān)于；至于；就……而言beconcernedwithsth.

牽涉到；與……有關(guān)(3)concerningprep.

關(guān)于Thestoryconcernstheprince'seffortstorescuePamina.Hewasconcernedthatshemightmisstheturningandgetlost.AllthedifficultiesconcerningPaminaweresolvedbytheprince.這故事講的是王子奮力解救帕米娜。他擔(dān)心她可能會錯過轉(zhuǎn)彎的地方而迷路。所有與帕米娜有關(guān)的難事都由王子解決。adapt

vi.適應(yīng)

vt.使適應(yīng)；使適合；改編Elephantsneedlargelivingspaces，soit'sdifficultforthemtoadapttothechanges.大象需要很大的生存空間，所以它們很難適應(yīng)變化。[例1]Notonlyhassheadapted(herself)tothefastrhythmofcitylife，butsheisbecomingmoreandmoreoutgoing.她不僅已經(jīng)適應(yīng)了快節(jié)奏的城市生活，而且變得越來越開朗。[例2]Aftergraduationfromcollege，Igraduallyadaptedmyselftolivingonmyown.大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，我逐漸適應(yīng)了獨立生活。[造句]據(jù)說這部新影片是根據(jù)一本小說改編的。Thisnewfilmissaidtobeadaptedfromanovel.[知識拓展](1)adaptto適合，適應(yīng)adaptoneselfto

使自己適應(yīng)adapt...to...

使……適應(yīng)……adapt...for...

將……改編為……adaptsth.fromsth.

根據(jù)……改編……(2)adaptableadj.

能適應(yīng)的；可修改的(3)adaptationn.

改編本；適應(yīng)[名師點津]

adapt(oneself)to中的to為介詞，其后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞作賓語。Thechildrenarefindingithardtoadapttotheirnewsurroundings.孩子發(fā)覺很難適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。measure

n．措施；方法vt.測量；度量；估量Whatmeasuresarebeingtakentohelpthem?正在采取什么措施來幫助它們呢？[例1]Theroommeasures10metresacross.這個房間寬十米。[例2]Educationshouldn'tbemeasuredpurelybyexaminationresults.教育不應(yīng)該僅僅用考試結(jié)果來衡量。[造句]你們應(yīng)該采取有效措施來改善你們的工作環(huán)境。Youshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestoimproveyourworkingconditions．[知識拓展](1)takemeasures/stepstodosth.采取措施做某事madetomeasure

量身定制的(2)measuresth.bysth.

用某物來衡量某物[名師點津]measure表示“量度為”時，是系動詞，后跟測量結(jié)果，不用于被動語態(tài)及進(jìn)行時。類似用法的單詞還有weigh。Thinkaboutmeasuresofmeasuringtheweightoftheelephant.思考測量大象重量的辦法。observe

vt.觀察到；注視；看到；注意到；遵守(規(guī)則、法律等)；慶祝Thisiswhywe'rehere—toobserveTibetanantelopes.這就是我們來這里的原因——觀察藏羚羊。[例1]Asamiddleschoolstudent，heshouldobservetheschoolrulesandtrafficregulations.作為一個中學(xué)生，他應(yīng)該遵守校規(guī)和交通規(guī)則。[例2]Iobservedthatseveralstudentswereasleepinclass.我注意到有幾個學(xué)生在課堂上睡著了。[造句]全世界的中國人都慶祝春節(jié)。ChineseallovertheworldobservetheSpringFestival.[知識拓展](1)observesb.dosth.觀察到某人做了某事observesb.doingsth.觀察到某人正在做某事observe＋that從句

發(fā)現(xiàn)……(2)observationn.

觀察，觀測[名師點津]表示“注意到，看到”，后面接復(fù)合賓語，其中用動詞不定式和v.ing形式作賓語補足語，但動詞不定式作賓語補足語時，要省略動詞不定式符號to，強調(diào)動作發(fā)生的全過程，但用于被動語態(tài)時，不定式符號to不可省略；v.ing形式作賓語補足語時，強調(diào)動作正在進(jìn)行。WhenweattendtheparadetoobservetheNationalDay，wemustobservethetrafficregulations.Ifweobservesomeonerunaredlight，weshouldstophim.當(dāng)我們參加游行慶祝國慶節(jié)的時候，我們必須遵守交通規(guī)則。如果我們看到有人闖紅燈，我們就要阻止他。remind

vt.提醒；使想起I'malsoremindedofthedangertheyarein.我也意識到了它們所處的危險。[例1]Idon'twantthemtoremindmeofher.我不想因它們而想起她來。[例2]Remindednottodriveafterdrinking，somedriversarestilltryingtheirluck，whichisreallydangerous.盡管被提醒不要酒后駕車，一些司機仍然心存僥幸，這十分危險。[造句]這些老照片使我想起了我在農(nóng)村度過的那些日子。TheseoldphotosremindedmeofthedaysIspentinthecountryside.[知識拓展]remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事remindsb.that...

使某人想起……；提醒某人……intend

v．計劃；打算；想要Thegovernment，however，doesnotintendtostoptheprotectionprogrammes，sincethethreatstotheTibetanantelopehavenotyetdisappeared.然而，政府并沒有打算停止這些保護項目，因為對藏羚羊的威脅依然存在。[例1]Themeetingisintendedtodealwithsomeimportantproblems.開這個會的目的是想解決一些重要問題。[例2]Ihadintendedtowatchthegame，butIhadsomethingmoreimportanttodo.＝Iintendedtohavewatchedthegame，butIhadsomethingmoreimportanttodo.我本打算看這場比賽，但是有更重要的事要做。[造句]女朋友和我打算明年結(jié)婚。MygirlfriendandIintendtogetmarriednextyear.[知識拓展](1)intenddoing/todosth.打算做某事intendsb.todosth.

打算讓某人做某事(2)beintendedtodo...

為了做……beintendedfor...

專門為……而設(shè)計的；專供……使用的(3)hadintendedtodosth.＝intendedtohavedonesth.本打算做某事(但沒有做)(4)intentionn.

打算；計劃haveintentionofdoing...打算做……Thewaterisnotintendedfordrinking.這是非飲用水。Iintendyoutotakeoverthebusiness.我打算讓你來接管生意。三、重點句型Thisiswhy...“這就是……的原因”。Thisiswhywe'rehere—toobserveTibetanantelopes.這就是我們來這里的原因——觀察藏羚羊。[句式分析]Thisiswhy...這就是……的原因。此處why引導(dǎo)表語從句。[例1]Tomwasill.Thatwaswhyhecamelateforthemeeting.湯姆病了。那就是他開會遲到的原因。[例2]I'vegotacold，thatiswhyIwouldn'tliketohaveameal.我感冒了，那就是我不想吃飯的原因。[造句]這就是為什么我寫信要求做一名志愿者。ThisiswhyIamwritingthisletteraskingtobeavolunteer.[知識拓展](1)That/Thisis/waswhy...這就是為什么……(why從句表示結(jié)果)(2)That/Thisis/wasbecause...這是因為……(because從句表示原因)(3)Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...……的原因是……(表語從句常用that引導(dǎo)，而不用because)①Thereasonwhyhewasn'tadmittedintoakeyuniversitywasthathisgradesweretoolow．他沒有被重點大學(xué)錄取的原因是他的分?jǐn)?shù)太低。②Tomcamelateforthemeeting.Thatwasbecausehewasill．湯姆開會遲到了。那是因為他病了。only修飾狀語位于句首，用部分倒裝。Onlywhen

welearntoexistinharmonywithnature

canwestop

beingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.只有學(xué)會和大自然和諧共處，我們才不會成為野生生物和地球的威脅。[句式分析]only修飾狀語從句放在句首時主句須部分倒裝。[例1]Onlyinthiswaycanyouworkouttheproblem.只有這樣，你才能算出這道題來。[例2]Onlyifhegetsajobcanhehaveenoughmoneytocontinuehisstudiesatcollege.他只有找到工作才能有足夠的錢繼續(xù)大學(xué)的學(xué)業(yè)。[造句]只有到那時我才意識到我做錯了。OnlythendidIrealizethatIhaddonewrong.[知識拓展]only修飾副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句置于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝，即把句子謂語中的助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或系動詞be放在主語之前。[名師點津]若only修飾主語，即使在句首也不倒裝。①Onlyinthiswaycanyoungpeoplelearnhowtoobserveexcellenttraditions.只有這樣年輕人才能學(xué)會如何遵守優(yōu)良的傳統(tǒng)。②Onlywhenhereturnedhomewasheawareofwhathadhappened.當(dāng)他回到家里時，才知道出了什么事。③Onlybypractisingpapercuttingmorecanyoulearnthefolkart.只有通過多練習(xí)剪紙，你才能掌握這門民間藝術(shù)。

Watchingthemmoveslowlyacrossthegreengrass，Iwasstruckbytheirbeauty.分析：本句是一個簡單句。watchingthemmoveslowlyacrossthegreengrass在句中作狀語。譯文：看著它們慢慢地穿過綠色的草地，我被它們的美麗所打動。hegovernment，however，doesnotintendtostoptheprotectionprogrammes，sincethethreatstotheTibetanantelopehavenotyetdisappeared.[分析]本句是一個主從復(fù)合句，since引導(dǎo)的是一個原因狀語從句。[譯文]然而，政府并沒有打算停止這些保護項目，因為對藏羚羊的威脅依然存在。***同步練習(xí)***Unit1CulturalHeritage基礎(chǔ)鞏固練習(xí)一、重點短語

1.參與(某事)；參加(某活動)_______2.讓步;屈服________3.保持平衡________4.導(dǎo)致________5.提出建議________6.向…求助________7.阻止;不準(zhǔn)________8.保護…不受傷害_______9.向…捐贈________10.確保;設(shè)法保證________11.在世界各地________12.可能做某事________13.把……限制在……內(nèi)________14.有助于；促使；導(dǎo)致________15.企圖做某事；嘗試做某事________16.因某事原諒某人________17.在某人看來________18.值得做某事________

二、詞形轉(zhuǎn)換1.create(v.)_____adj.______adv.

2.promote(v.)

_____n.3.apply(v.)_______n.申請；應(yīng)用_____n.申請人4.contribute(v.)_______n.5.donate(v.)_______n.6.disappear(v.)________n.

______（反義）7.professional(adj.)______n.8.tradition(n.)_______adj.9.historic(adj.)_______n.10.comparison(n.)______v.三、單詞拼寫1.I’llhelpasmuchasIcan,butthereisa_______(限制）towhatIcando.2.Waitandplayarebothnecessarytohealth.The_______(前者)givesusenergyandthelattergivesusrest.

3.Itwasamazingthatshesolvedtheproblem________(創(chuàng)造性地）lastnight.4.Onlyinthiswaycanwekeep_______(平衡)betweenstudyandpleasure.

5.Weshould_______(捐贈）somemoneytothosewhoareintrouble.

6.Allofusshouldloveourparents_______(永遠(yuǎn)）andtrytoaccompanythemasmuchaspossible.7.Wemustdoourbesttopreventthesehistoricsitefrom_______(消失).

8.Thecommitteemetseveraltimestodiscusstheseimportant________(問題).

9.Althoughmanyofbooksare_______(數(shù)碼的）,somebookswillstill

bearound.10.Suchapersonmaybe_______(原諒)ifheislate，butnotthosewhoaredeliberatelylate.

四、單選題1.Itishighlyimportanttopreventtheenvironmentfrom________.

A.polluting

B.pollutedC.tobepolluted

D.beingpolluted

2.LastSunday,ourschoolheldafive-kilometerrunningrace.Allthestudents_______it.

A.tookpartin

B.joinedC.playedpartin

D.attended3.Afteralongargument,wedidn't________eachother.

A.givein

B.giveupto

C.givewayto

D.giveawayto4.Eatingtoomuchfat________Tom’shealthproblems.

A.ledto

B.ledin

C.resultedto

D.dueto5.Theyallmadeaproposalthatthey________thetaxifair.

A.haveshared

B.shareC.shouldbeshared

D.willshare

6.Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,you'llbeless___yourworkhome.A.likelybringingB.probablybringing

C.likelytobring

D.possiblytobring

7.WhenIamintrouble,Ialways_______myfriendsforhelp.

A.turnon

B.turntoC.turndown

D.turnin

8.Everyyear40,000peopleattempt________Kilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.A.climb

B.atclimbingC.toclimbing

D.toclimb9.Thearticleiswell________reading,butit'snot________ofbeingtranslated.

A.worth;worthy

B.worthwhile;worthC.worth;worthwhileD.worthy;worth10.Therecomesatime________theeconomyisdevelopingrapidly.A.when

B.than

C.while

D.as11.NotonlyyoubutalsoJudy________toblameforthisaccident.A.are

B.is

C.aregoing

D.isbeing

12.For________informationonhealthyeating,youcanvisitourwebsite.A.farther

B.furtherC.furthestD.farthest13.Youshouldchangetheway_______youtalktoyourparents.A.who

B.which

C.inwhich

D.where14.Weliveinanage_______everyonevaluestimeverymuch.A.that

B.where

C.when

D.which15.Thisisthebestnovel________Ihavee