Unit 4 A good read Grammar單元語法精講課件

UnitFourAgoodreadrammarTolearntouseaquestionwordwithato-infinitiveafteraverb.Tolearntousemustandhavetotosaythatitisnecessarytodosomething.Tolearntousehavetowhenthesituationmakessomethingnecessary.

.LearningaimsHowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?LeadinTask1Watchandanswer:DidGulliverknowhowtogetaway?Gulliverdidn’tknow_____________________(對(duì)小人說什么)Gulliverwantedtofindout______________.(如何逃跑)GulliverinLilliputwhattosaytothesetinymenhowtogetawayV+疑問詞

+

todoMilliehasdecided

.(讀什么)Danieldidn’tsay

.(與誰聊天)Simonforgot.(何時(shí)與朋友見面)Sandyiswondering

.(去哪里尋求幫助)Amydoesn’tknow_______(如何寫報(bào)告)

Usingquestionwords+to-infinitiveswhattoreadwhototalktowhentomeetfriendswheretoaskforhelphowtowritethereportAllquestionwordscanbeusedwithato-infinitive,except

why.Shewillexplainwhytorecommendthisbook.×Shewillexplainwhysherecommendsthisbook.√1.決定做什么2.想知道去哪兒wonder

where

togo3.知道聽誰說knowwho

tolisten

toremember

who

tochat

with4.記得與誰聊天5.忘記談?wù)撌裁磃orget

what

totalk

aboutdecide

what

todo不定式中的不及物動(dòng)詞后必要時(shí)需加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~用“V+疑問詞+todo”完成下列短語HaveatryHowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?SummaryTask2我們可以用“疑問詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)作動(dòng)詞的賓語。疑問詞包括疑問代詞who,what,which及疑問副詞when,how,where等。常和“疑問詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)連用的動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語有：tell,show,think,learn,know,wonder,decide,remember,forget,understand,see,hear,ask,advise,explain,findout等。Step1結(jié)構(gòu)：

WhenIgointotheclothesshop,Ialwayscan’tdecide______onetobuy.2.Mygrandfatherdoesn’tknow______touseacomputer.3.---Willyoupleaseshowme_____todriveacar?---Yes,ofcourse.Nowletmetellyou_____todofirst.4.IwilltellLucy______and_______tomeet.whichhowhowwhatwhenwhere選用how,which,what,when,where填空。_________________________isaquestion.(如何使用這個(gè)機(jī)器)2.Thequestionis__________________(什么時(shí)候去那兒).Howtousethemachinewhentogothere3.Shecan’tdecide_______________（該買哪件）?whichonetobuy練一練“特殊疑問詞+不定式”可直接放在上列動(dòng)詞后，也可以置于上列動(dòng)詞的賓語后，即雙賓語。advise,ask,decide,discuss,findout,forget,know,learn,remember,show,teach,think,understand,wonder,explainStep2“特殊疑問詞+不定式”可放在哪些動(dòng)詞后？

which,what,whosehowmany/muchV++名詞疑問詞+todoThemapshowsuswhichlinetotake.Traffic1、Theteachertoldthestudentshowtodotheexperiment.老師告訴學(xué)生如何做實(shí)驗(yàn)。

2、Canyoushowmehowtomakeapaperboat?你能給我演示怎樣做一只紙船嗎？

有些動(dòng)詞，如advise,ask,show,teach,tell等，其后可以接雙賓語。Step3動(dòng)詞不定式作雙賓語：

V+賓語+疑問詞+todoadvise,ask,decide,discussfindout,forget,know,learnremember,say,show,teachthink,understand,wonder…1.MrWu_________________________________asafter-schoolactivities.（建議我們?cè)撨x哪個(gè)）2.Thestudents______________________________theirwork.（問他們的老師何時(shí)上交）3.Millie_______________________________________.（向我們展示下一步如何做）4.Daniel__________________________acomputertodraw.（教他自己如何使用）5.Don’tforgetto______________________________you.（告訴你媽媽該在哪見）adviseduswhichtochooseaskedtheirteacherwhentohandinshoweduswhattodonexttaughthimselfhowtousetellyourmumwheretomeet小試牛刀Step4Theyarediscussingwhichcolortopaintthewalls.Youcanaskyourparentshowmuchmoneytotakewithyou.有些疑問詞，如what,which,whose,howmany,howmuch等，其后可以先接一個(gè)名詞，再接動(dòng)詞不定式。Thebookdoesn’ttellmehowmuchmoneytotake.Ithinkthemore,thebetter.be+adj.+疑問詞+todoEddieisnotsurehowmuchmoneytotake.Suzywasnotsurewhotoaskforhelp.Areyouclearwhentomeetatthegatetomorrow?在“疑問詞+動(dòng)詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)前，有時(shí)也可以是如sure,clear，certain等的形容詞Step5:be+adj+疑問詞+動(dòng)詞不定式

Task6:疑問詞+todo在句中的作用到哪里去還是個(gè)問題。Wheretogoisstillaquestion.作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)形式問題是怎樣學(xué)好英語。ThequestionishowtolearnEnglishwell.作表語,常常置于be動(dòng)詞之后Simon忘了什么時(shí)候見朋友了。Simonforgotwhentomeethisfriends.置于動(dòng)詞或者介詞只有作賓語動(dòng)詞不定式Todothatsortofthingisfoolish。Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.Allyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly.Wefoundahousetolivein.ShecameheretostudyEnglish.

Iwarnedthepatientnottoeatcoldwater

aftertheoperation.

主語

賓語表語

定語

狀語

賓補(bǔ)

適用于“疑問詞+不定式動(dòng)詞”的動(dòng)詞包括：“know,see,decide,tell,ask,consider,discover,explain,forget,guess,hear,imagine,inquire,learn,remember，think,wonder,understand”等。有點(diǎn)值得特別注意的是：當(dāng)這結(jié)構(gòu)當(dāng)賓語時(shí)，它的作用等于名詞分句，例如：(1)Icouldnotdecidewhichdictionarytobuy./IcouldnotdecidewhichdictionaryIshouldbuy.

Attention同義句轉(zhuǎn)換CanyoutellmehowIcangettothehospital?=Canyoutellme______________________?2.Idon’tknowwhattodonext?=Idon’tknow________________________.3.Heaskedmewhatheshouldwearfortheparty.=Heaskedme________________________.howtogettothehospitalwhatIshould/willdonextwhattowearforthepartyHowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?PracticeTask3whichtoreadwheretofindhowtotravelwhentohandinwhattowriteaboutwhotoaskfor1.Milliehas

decided__________________.(該讀什么)

2.Danieldidnot

say

_________________aboutthisbook.（該和誰交談）3.Simonforgot__________________hisfriends.（該什么時(shí)候見）4.Kittycannotdecide_____________________first.（該選哪一個(gè)）5.Sandyiswondering___________________forhelp.（該去哪求助）6.Amydoesnotknow_______________thereport.（該如何寫）填一填

whattoreadwhototalktowhentomeetwhichtochoosewheretoaskhowtowriteHowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?DiscussionTask4Conclusion:must表主觀的義務(wù)和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑問句，“必須，得，要”。must的否定形式mustnot表示禁止，“不能，不行”。Lookandsumup1.We

must

wearschooluniforms.2.Wemust

gettoschoolontime.3.We

must

keepquietinthelibrary.4.We

mustn’t

throwrubbisheverywhere.5.We

mustn’tpickflowersinthegarden.Youmustbehungryafterallthatwalking.走了那么遠(yuǎn)的路，你一定餓了吧。Thatcan’t

beLucy.ShehasgonetoAmerican.那肯定不是Lucy，她已經(jīng)去了美國。Conclusion:must還可以表示肯定猜測(cè)，意思是“一定”。否定的猜測(cè)是can’t。Lookandsumup1.Iwill

havetoaskforleaveandstayathome.2.I

don’thavetogotoschooltoday.3.Theydonothavetobuyacomputeratthemoment.Conclusion:haveto表一種客觀的需要，“不得不”。haveto有人稱和數(shù)的變化。

haveto的否定形式donothaveto,相當(dāng)于neednot。LookandsumupSomeonehasputaway(收拾，整理)thebooks.You_______doit.

A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.shouldn’tD.can’t2.Girls______keeplonghairawayfromfire.

A.canB.mustC.havetoD.may3.-

Canwediscusshere?

-

No,you______.Youwilldisturbotherpeople.

A.mustn’tB.won’tC.don’tD.needn’t4.-MustIreturnthebooktoday?-No,you_____.

A.don’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’tHaveatrymust與have

to是兩個(gè)常用的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，兩詞后面都接動(dòng)詞原形。在使用時(shí)，應(yīng)注意兩詞間的差別。must表示主語“有義務(wù)”的“必須”做某事，強(qiáng)調(diào)說話人的主觀看法，主要用于肯定句和疑問句；must還可以表示肯定推測(cè)，意思是“一定”。have

to

強(qiáng)調(diào)的是客觀需要，意思是“不得不”。have

to有人稱和數(shù)的變化。I

must

work

hard

at

my

lessons.

我必須努力學(xué)習(xí)功課。(主觀意愿）I

have

to

look

after

mother

at

home.

For

she

is

ill.

我得在家照看媽媽，因?yàn)樗×恕?客觀需要）Itisgettingdark.Hehastogohomenow.天快黑了。他現(xiàn)在得回家了。(客觀需要）must的否定形式是mustnot，其縮寫為mustn’t，表示禁止，意思是“不能，不許”。have

to的否定形式是donothaveto，其縮寫為don’t

have

to。

You

mustn’t

make

any

noise

in

class.上課時(shí)你們不許吵鬧。You

don’t

have

to

water

the

flowers.

For

it

is

going

to

rain.你們不必澆花了，因?yàn)橐掠炅?。HowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?PracticeTask5AmyistellinghercousinShirleysomelibraryrules.Completewhatshesayswithmust,

mustnot,havetoordon’thaveto.You(1)_____keepquietinthelibrary.You(2)_____keepthebookscleanandtidy.You(3)_______draworwriteonthebooks.mustmustmustn’tYou(4)_______eatordrinkinthelibrary.You(5)_____returnthebooksontime.Ifyouwanttokeepthemlonger,you(6)______renewthem.You(7)____________bringyourstudentcardeverytimeyougotothelibrary,butremembertobringyourlibrarycard.mustn’tmusthavetodonothavetoHowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?課堂檢測(cè)Task71.I’mgoingonafieldtripbutIhaven’tdecided______.

A.whattodoB.todowhat

C.wheretogoD.togowhere2.Excuseme.Wouldyoupleasetellme______buyadigitalcamera?A.whattoB.whereto

C.whatIcanD.wherecanI3.—Thisphysicsproblemistoodifficult.Canyoushowme______,WangLin?

—Sure.A.whattoworkitoutB.whattoworkoutitC.howtoworkitoutD.howtoworkoutit4.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_____gettothenearestpostoffice?—Sorry,Iamnewhere.A.howcanIB.howIcouldC.howtoD.whatIcan5.—Excuseme.Couldyoupleasetellme___mycar?—Sure.Parkitrighthere.I’llhelpyou.A.howtostop B.wheretoparkC.wheretostopD.whentopark6.—______Iswimhere?—I’msorry.Children___swimalonehere.A.Must;can’tB.May;mustC.Can;mustn’tD.Can’t;can7.—Dad,mustwewaituntilthelightbecomesgreen?—Yes,I'mafraidwe______.That'sthetrafficrule.A.canB.mayC.havetoD.need8.Studentsinourschool______knowshoutingisnotallowedinthelibrary.A.can B.mayC.mustD.need9.TherearesomanybeautifulpresentsintheshopthatIdon’tknow________.

A.whichonetochoose

B.tochoosewhichone

C.whichtochooseone

D.tochooseonewhichIlikelisteningtomusicwhen___________(do)myhomework.Hewantstoknowwhen__________(go)toBeijing.Idon’tknowwhenhe_________(come),Whenhe__________(come),Iwilltellyouatonce.Hewantstoknowwhere__________(buy)thiscoat.What________(make)himfeelsosad?doingtogowillcomecomestobuymade6.What________(buy)hasn’tbeendecided?7.Theproblemiswhat__________(buy)ashisbirthdaypresent.8.Canyougivemesomeadviceabouthow___________(relax)beforeexams?9.Shedidn’ttellmewhen__________(meet)yesterday.10.Shewantstoaskyouhowmuchfruit___________(need).tobuytobuytorelaxtomeettoneed2.Ihavenoideawhen_______herthebadnews.A.willtellB.tellingC.tellD.totell3.Couldyoushowus_____abike?A.howtomendB.whattomendC.wheretogoD.howmuchtobuy4.Doyouknow______thiskindofplant?A.whichtofindB.wheretofindC.whytofindD.whattofind5.TheWorldHealthOrganizationhasgivensomeadviceon______toprotectusfrombeing(感染)withH7N9.A.howB.whatC.whereD.when5.Studentsshouldlearnhowto______problems.A.solveB.solvingC.cansolveD.tosolve6.Ihaven’tdecidedwhen_____aholidayyet.A.tookB.takingC.totakeD.take7.Ihaven’tdecidedwhen_____aholidayyet.A.tookB.takingC.totakeD.take8.Excuseme.Couldyoutellme______my

car?

A.howtostopB.wheretopark

C.wheretostopD.whentopark9.Themathproblemissohard.Ireallydon’tknow______.A.howtodoitB.howtodoC.whattodoit10.—Millie,couldyougivemesomeadvice?I don’tknow_________. —Whydon’tyouwearthisredshirt?

A.whentowear B.whattowear

C.howtowear

D.wheretowearSomeonehasputaway(收拾，整理)thebooks.You________doit.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.shouldn’tD.can’t12.It’sthelibrary.Soyou______knowshoutingisnotallowedhere.A.canB.mustC.needD.may13.Canwediscusshere?No,you______.Youwilldisturbotherpeople.A.mustn’tB.won’tC.don’tD.needn’t14.---MustIreturnthebooktoday?---No,you_____.A.don’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t15.—Dowehavetofinishourhomeworkthisafternoon?

—Yes,you______.A.mustB.canC.mayD.need16.—Thisphysicsproblemistoodifficult.Canyoushowme______,WangLin?

—Sure.

A.whattoworkitoutB.whattoworkoutit

C.howtoworkitoutD.howtoworkoutit17.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme______gettothenearestpostoffice?—Sorry,Iamnewhere.A.howcanIB.howIcouldC.howtoD.whatIcan

18.—______Iswimhere?—I’msorry.Children______swimalonehere.A.Must;can’tB.May;mustC.Can;mustn’tD.Can’t;can19.—Dad,mustwewaituntilthelightbecomesgreen?—Yes,I'mafraidwe______.That'sthetrafficrule.A.canB.mayC.havetoD.need20.Studentsinourschool______knowshoutingisnotallowedinthelibrary.A.can B.mayC.mustD.need9.—Dad,mustwewaituntilthelightbecomesgreen?—Yes,I'mafraidwe______.That'sthetrafficrule.(2013河南)A.canB.mayC.havetoD.need10.Studentsinourschool______knowshoutingisnotallowedinthelibrary.(2013山東萊蕪)A.can B.mayC.mustD.need1、Theyoungwomandoesn’tknowwhattodo.那位年輕女子不知道怎么辦。2、Idon’tknowwhattosay.我不知道說什么。3、Wemustknowhowtooperatethemachine.我們必須弄懂如何操作這機(jī)器。4、Wewanttolearnhowtowriteplays.我們想要學(xué)習(xí)如何寫劇本。

寫一寫四、完成句子我不知道該和誰交談。

Idon’tknow__________________________.