自考英語(yǔ)（一）模擬試卷2（共459題）

自考英語(yǔ)（一）模擬試卷2（共9套）（共459題）自考英語(yǔ)（一）模擬試卷第1套一、閱讀判斷(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)WorriesofWritersItistruethatgoodwritersrewriteandrewriteandthenrewritesomemore.Butinordertoworkupthedesiretorewrite,itisimportanttolearntolikewhatyouwriteattheearlystage.IamsurprisedatthenumberoffamouswritersIknowwhosaythattheysodislikereadingtheirownwritinglaterthattheyevenhatetolookoverthepublishers'opinions.Onereasonwemaydislikereadingourownworkisthatwe'reoftendisappointedthattherichideasinourmindsseemverythinandplainwhenfirstwrittendown.JerryFodorandStevenPinkersuggestthatthisfactmaybearesultofhowourmindswork.Differentfrompopularbelief,wedonotusuallythinkinthewordsandsentencesofordinarylanguagebutinsymbolsforideas[knownas"mentalese"(心理語(yǔ))].Andwritingourideasdownisanactoftranslationfromthatsymboliclanguage.Butwhilementalesecontainsourthoughtsintheformofacomplextapestry(織錦),writingcanonlybecomposedonethreadatatime.Thereforeitshouldnotbesurprisingthatourfirstattemptatexpressingideasshouldlooksosimple.Itisonlybyrepeatedlyrewritingthatweproducenewthreadsandconnectthemtogetclosertotheideasformedinourminds.Whenpeoplewriteasifsomestrictcritics(批評(píng)家)arelookingovertheirshoulder,theyaresoworriedaboutwhatthiscriticmightsaythattheygetstuckbeforetheyevenstart.PeterElbowmakesanexcellentsuggestiontodealwiththisproblem.Whenwritingweshouldhavetwodifferentminds.Atthefirststage,weshouldseeeveryidea,aswellasthewordsweusetoexpressit,aswonderfulandworthputtingdown.Itisonlyduringrewritesthatweshouldexaminewhatweexcitedlywroteinthefirststageandcheckforweaknesses.1、Ifyouwanttocreateabetterwriting,youshouldrewriteformanytimes.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干要求判斷如果想要寫一篇較好的文章是否需要改寫很多遍。文章第一段提到“Itistruethatgoodwritersrewriteandrewriteandthenrewritesomemore”，由此可以判斷要想寫出好文章，改寫很多遍是十分必要的，所以題干中的信息是正確的。2、Whatyouhavewrittenattheearlystageisoftenforgottensothewritersneedtoreaditagainandagain.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干要求判斷早期寫出的東西是否常常會(huì)被忘記所以作家需要反復(fù)地讀。文章第一段中提到了“Butinordertoworkupthedesiretorewrite，itisimportanttolearntolikewhatyouwriteattheearlystage”，意思是“為了激發(fā)對(duì)改寫文章的興趣，學(xué)著喜歡你早期寫的東西是很重要的”，但是并沒(méi)有告訴我們?cè)缙趯懗龅臇|西常常會(huì)被忘記，所以作家需要反復(fù)地讀。因此，無(wú)法判斷題干是否正確。3、Allthefamouswriterslovereadingtheirownwritingandthepublishers’opinions.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干要求判斷知名的作家是否都喜歡讀自己寫的東西和出版商的意見(jiàn)。文章中第二段談到了這個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)，這些知名作家“sodislikereadingtheirownwritinglaterthattheyevenhatetolookoverthepublishers’opinions”，這和題干中的表述正好相反，所以題干是錯(cuò)誤的。4、Whenyoufirstbegintowrite,yourmindsandideasseemquitethinandplain.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：隧題干要求判斷剛開(kāi)始寫的時(shí)候你的想法和觀點(diǎn)是否很局限和簡(jiǎn)單。第二段提到“therichideasinourmindsseemverythinandplainwhenfirstwrittendown”，意思是“在剛開(kāi)始寫的時(shí)候，我們腦子中的想法是非常局限和簡(jiǎn)單的”，所以題干中的信息是正確的。5、Weusuallythinkinthewordsandsentencesofordinarylanguage,justlikethepopularbelief.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干要求判斷我們是否像流行觀念那樣通常用普通語(yǔ)言中的詞匯和句子來(lái)思考。第三段第一句話就提到“Differentfrompopularbelief，wedonotusuallythinkinthewordsandsentencesofordinarylanguage”。而題干中的信息是“我們常常用普通語(yǔ)言中的詞和句子來(lái)思考”，所以題干表述是錯(cuò)誤的。6、Whenwewritedownourideas,whatwedoisjustlikeweaving,onethreadatatime.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干要求判斷當(dāng)我們把想法記下來(lái)時(shí)我們所做的是否像織布一樣每次一條線。我們可以在第三段中找到原句“writingourideasdownisanactoftranslationfromthatsymboliclanguage…writingcanonlybecomposedonethreadatatime”，所以可以判斷題干是正確的。7、Ourfirstattemptatexpressingideasisalwaysverycomplex.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干要求判斷我們第一次嘗試表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)是否通常都是非常復(fù)雜的。第三段講到了作家創(chuàng)作作品時(shí)的思維過(guò)程，提到了“Thereforeitshouldnotbesurprisingthatourfirstattemptatexpressingideasshouldlooksosimple”，意思是“因此，我們第一次嘗試表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)應(yīng)該是很簡(jiǎn)單的，對(duì)此不應(yīng)該感到吃驚”。所以題干表述是錯(cuò)誤的。8、Somestrictcriticsliketolookoverthewriter’sshoulders.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干要求判斷一些苛刻的批評(píng)家是否喜歡監(jiān)視作家的寫作。最后一段提到了當(dāng)人們進(jìn)行寫作時(shí)“asifsomestrictcriticsarelookingovertheirshoulder”，但是并沒(méi)有告訴我們這些苛刻的，批評(píng)家是否喜歡監(jiān)視作家的寫作，所以無(wú)法判斷題干是否正確。9、Atthefirststage,thewritersshouldthinkeveryideaandeverywordarewonderfulandworthputtingalldown.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干要求判斷在第一階段作家是否應(yīng)該認(rèn)為每個(gè)想法和每個(gè)詞語(yǔ)都是很棒的并值得把它們都記錄下來(lái)。最后一段中作者提到了一個(gè)建議，應(yīng)該把寫作分為兩個(gè)階段。在第一個(gè)階段，“weshouldseeeveryidea，aswellasthewordsweusetoexpressit，aswonderfulandworthputtingdown”，意思是“我們應(yīng)該認(rèn)為每個(gè)想法，以及我們用來(lái)表達(dá)這個(gè)想法的每個(gè)詞語(yǔ)都是很棒的，并值得把它們都記下來(lái)”，所以題干是正確的。10、Atthesecondstage,thewritersshouldrewriteandputmorenewideasintothewriting.A、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干要求判斷在第二個(gè)階段作家是否應(yīng)該改寫文章并在文章中加入更多新的想法。文章最后一句提到，在第二個(gè)階段，“weshouldexaminewhatweexcitedlywroteinthefirststageandcheckforweaknesses”，也就是說(shuō)，我們應(yīng)該檢查第一階段寫的內(nèi)容和錯(cuò)誤的地方，而不用再加入更多新的想法，所以題干是錯(cuò)誤的。二、閱讀選擇(本題共5題，每題1.0分，共5分。)NaturalFoodsIncreasingly,overthepasttenyears,peopleespeciallyyoungpeoplehavebecomeawareoftheneedtochangetheireatinghabits,becausemuchofthefoodtheyeat,particularlyprocessedfoods,isnotgoodforthehealth.Consequently,therehasbeenagrowinginterestinnaturalfoods.Naturalfoods,forexample,arevegetable,fruitandgrainwhichhavebeengrowninsoilthatisrichinorganism(有機(jī)物).Insimpleterms,thismeansthatthesoilhasbeennourished(滋養(yǎng))byunusedvegetablematter,whichprovidesitwithessentialvitamins(維生素)andminerals.Thisinitselfisanaturalprocesscomparedwiththeuseofchemicalsandfertilizers(肥料),themainpurposeofwhichistoincreasethequantitybutnotthequalityoffoodsgrownincommercialfarmingareas.Naturalfoodsalsoincludeanimalswhichhavebeenallowedtofeedandmovefreelyinhealthyfarms.Comparethiswithwhathappensinthemassproductionofpoultry(家禽:therearebatteryfarms,forexample,wherethousandsofchickenslivecrowdedtogetherinonebuildingandarefedonfoodwhichislittlebetterthanrubbish.Chickenskeptinthiswayarenotonlytastelessasfood;theyalsoproduceeggswhichlackimportantvitamins.Thereareotheraspectsofhealthyeatingwhicharenowreceivingincreasingattentionfromexpertsondiet.Take,forexample,thequestionofsugar.Thisisactuallyanon-essentialfood.Althoughanaturalalternative,suchashoney,canbeusedtosweetenfoodifthisisnecessary,wecaninfactdowithoutit.Itisnotthatsugarisharmfulinitself.ButtheproblemisthatthequantityweusehasgrownsteadilyoverthelasttwocenturiesandinBritaintodayeachpersonconsumesanaverageof200poundsayear!Yetallitdoesisprovideuswithenergy,intheformofcalories.Therearenovitaminsinit,nominerals,andnofiber.11、Whydopeoplenowprefernaturalfoods?A、Becausetheygrowfastandcostless.B、Becausetheyfitpeople’seatinghabits.C、Becausetheyaregoodtopeople’shealth.D、Becausetheyaresimplyprocessedfoods.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)題干中prefernaturalfoods，可定位至文章第一段?！癈onsequently，therehasbeenagrowinginterestinnaturalfoods．”Consequently是一個(gè)信號(hào)詞，是“因此，所以”的意思，答案自然在它前面。前一句提到：particularlyprocessedfoods，isnotgoodforthehealth。由此可以看出，人們喜歡naturalfoods的原因，就是itisgoodforthehealth。因此該題正確答案為C。12、WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph2?A、Fertilizersareimportantingrowingnaturalfoods.B、Soilfornaturalfoodsusuallylacksorganicmatter.C、Naturalfoodsaregrownincommercialfarmingareas.D、Chemicalsareusedtoincreasethequantityoffoodsgrown.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：這一題我們就完全可以根據(jù)生活常識(shí)來(lái)做出選擇。選項(xiàng)A中的fertilizer和naturalfoods的種植明顯背道而馳，錯(cuò)；選項(xiàng)B與原文的說(shuō)法正好相反，錯(cuò)；由第二段可知，天然食品不是種植在商業(yè)化種植區(qū)里，所以選項(xiàng)C也錯(cuò)。這段的最后一句提到：人們使用化肥的主要目的是增加商業(yè)化種植區(qū)域里農(nóng)作物的產(chǎn)量，而不是提高質(zhì)量。因此該題正確答案為D。13、Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardschickensfedonbatteryfarms?A、Supportive.B、Doubtful.C、Hopeful.D、Negative.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)題目中chickensfedonbatteryfarms，可定位至第三段。通讀第三段可知，作者的態(tài)度是否定的。14、Whatisthemostimportantpointthewriterwantstomakeaboutsugar?A、Peopleuseittosweetenfood.B、Itgivesusmuch-neededenergy.C、Peopletaketoomuchofit.D、Itisactuallyakindofhoney.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)題目中關(guān)鍵詞sugar，可快速定位至文章最后一段第五句話“Itisnotthatsugarisharmfulinitself．ButtheproblemisthatthequantityweusehasgrownsteadilyoverthelasttwocenturiesandinBritaintodayeachpersonconsumesanaverageof200poundsayear!”可知，糖本身無(wú)害，而是人們吃得太多了。因此該題正確答案為C。15、Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword"diet"(Para.4)?A、Food.B、Rice.C、Animal.D、Agriculture.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本文從一開(kāi)始就沒(méi)離開(kāi)過(guò)“food”，最后一段第一句話中又有healthyeating的字樣。根據(jù)上下文，不難猜出答案是A。三、概括段落大意和補(bǔ)全句子(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)EnergyCycle①Doyoufindgettingupinthemorningsodifficultthatit'spainful?Thismightbecalledlaziness,butDr.Kleitmanhasanewexplanation.Hehasprovedthateveryonehasadailyenergycycle.②Duringthehourswhenyoulaborthroughyourworkyoumaysaythatyou're"hot".That'strue.Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelmostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureisatitspeak.Forsomepeoplethepeakcomesduringthemorning.Forothersitcomesintheafternoonorevening.③Noonehasdiscoveredwhythisisso,butitleadstosuchfamiliarmonologues(自言自語(yǔ))as:"Getup,John!You‘llbelateforworkagain!"ThepossibleexplanationtothetroubleisthatJohnisathistemperature-and-energypeakintheevening.Muchfamilyquarrellingendswhenhusbandsandwivesrealizewhattheseenergycyclesmean,andwhichcycleeachmemberofthefamilyhas.④Youcan'tchangeyourenergycycle,butyoucanlearntomakeyourlifefititbetter.Habitcanhelp,Dr.Kleitmanbelieves.Maybeyou'resleepyintheeveningbutfeelyoumuststayuplateanyway.Counteract(對(duì)抗)y°urcycletosomeextentbyhabituallystayinguplaterthanyouwantto.Ifourenergyislowinthemorningbutyouhaveanimportantjobtodoearlyintheday,risebeforeyourusualhour.Thiswon'tchangeyourcycle,butyou’llgetupsteam(鼓起干勁)andworkbetteratyourlowpoint.⑤Getofftoaslowstartwhichsavesyourenergy.Getupwithaleisurelyyawnandstretch.Sitontheedgeofthebedaminutebeforeputtingyourfeetonthefloor.Avoidthetroublesomesearchforcleanclothesbylayingthemoutthenightbefore.Wheneverpossible,doroutineworkintheafternoonandsavetasksrequiringmoreenergyorconcentrationforyoursharperhours.Task1A.PossibleExplanationB.CounteractingYourCycleC.Introducing"EnergyCycle"D.RelationsBetweenBodyTemperatureandEnergyE.MakeYourLifeFittheEnergyCycleF.OtherMeasurestoWorkBetter16、Paragraph①______FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：文中第一段提出問(wèn)題，并給出了可能的答案——“adailyenergycycle”。故答案為C。17、Paragraph②______FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：從第二段開(kāi)始便提出了一種現(xiàn)象；接下來(lái)給出結(jié)論：你體溫最高時(shí)正是精力最充沛之時(shí)；緊接著又列舉了不同人的情況來(lái)說(shuō)明這種關(guān)系。故答案為D。18、Paragraph③______FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第三段第一句指出沒(méi)有人能解釋第二段中提出的現(xiàn)象，而第二句就提出可能的解釋。故答案為A。19、Paragraph④______FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第四段第一、二句為本段中心句，接下來(lái)詳細(xì)論述如何使自己更適應(yīng)能量周期。故答案為E。20、Paragraph⑤______FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：最后一段緊接著第四段的措施，又講了其他一些可以使身體適應(yīng)能量周期的辦法。故答案為F。Task2A.adailyenergycycleB.atyourlowpointC.habituallystayinguplaterD.husbandsandwivesE.atitspeakF.yourenergycycle21、Dr.Kleitmanhasprovedthateveryonehas______.FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)文中第一段最后一句可知，Dr．Kleitman提出了一種解釋因早上起床困難而感到痛苦的新說(shuō)法，那就是每個(gè)人都有能量周期。由此可以推斷出答案為A。22、Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelmostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureis______.FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)第二段第三句話，可以推斷出答案為E。23、Muchfamilyquarrellingendswhen______realizewhattheseenergycyclesmean.FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第三段最后一句話舉出妻子和丈夫爭(zhēng)吵的例子，來(lái)說(shuō)明能量周期的影響。由此可以推斷出答案為D。24、Youcanlearntomakeyourlifefit______better.FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第四段第一句話提到，盡管你不能改變你的能量周期，但是你可以采取一些方法使自己更適應(yīng)它。這里的it指的就是能量周期。由此可以推斷出答案為F。25、Ifyourisebeforeyourusualhour,you’llgetupsteamandworkbetter______.FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：從第四段最后兩句可知，你可以起得早一些，這些(包括前面提到的睡得晚一些)做法可以使你鼓足干勁，在你能量的低潮期工作得更好一些。由此可以推斷出答案為B。四、填句補(bǔ)文(本題共5題，每題1.0分，共5分。)HeritageHomeSchoolChildrenareourfuture,andit'suptoustoarmthemwiththetoolstosucceed.Sadly,today'schildrenarebeingarmedwithmoredangeroustoolslikeweapons,drugsandgangs.【B1】______Homeschoolsareavailabletogiveyouchoices.【B2】______AtHeritageHomeSchoolwebelievethechoiceshouldbeyours.Thanksinparttomoderntechnology,homeschoolinginformationisbecomingreadilyavailableacrossournation.ArecentstudybytheITBS(IowaTestsofBasicSkills)andTAP(TestsofAchievementandProficiency)showsusthatstudentsofhomeschoolsdoparticularlywellwhencomparedwiththenationwideaverage.【B3】______Ifyou'renewtohomeschooling,youmaybeaskingyourself,"Willhomeschoolsreallyworkformychildren?"【B4】______Thestudyfoundthatstudentsofhomeschoolingarescoring,onaverage,atorabovethe80thpercentile(百分位數(shù))inallareasonstandardizedachievementtest.Thenationalaverageonstandardizedachievementtestsisthe50thpercentile.Collectively,thestaffatHeritageHomeSchoolbrings65yearsofexperienceinhomeschoolingcurriculum.【B5】______Onestudyfoundthatofthehomeschooledadults,0%wereunemployed,0%wereonwelfareand94%saidhomeeducationpreparedthemtobeindependentpersons.Formorehomeschoolinginformation,callustodayat1(877)532-7665.A.Homeschoolingprovidestop-qualityeducation,flexibility,andfreedomtocreateyourownschedule.B.We'veplacedstudentsinthetop2%ofthenationinmathandmanyaresuccessfullymovingontocollege.C.Thereisanationwidestudyusingarandom(隨機(jī))selectionof1,516families.D.Oncearelativelypeacefulenvironment,manyschoolyardsoftodayarebecomingunsafeforbothstudentsandteachers.E.Ineverysubjectateverygradelevel,studentsofhomeschoolingscoredobviouslyhigherthanthoseinpublicandprivateschools.F.Wearecommittedtoofferawiderangeofthehighestqualityhomeschoolprograms.26、【B1】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第一段講述現(xiàn)在校園的安全問(wèn)題。通過(guò)瀏覽全文及備選答案，可以看出D選項(xiàng)中的unsafe與空格前的dangerous語(yǔ)義相近，論述的內(nèi)容一致，因此D選項(xiàng)“如今的許多校園不再是相對(duì)平靜的環(huán)境，而成為對(duì)學(xué)生和老師不安全的地方”符合上下文語(yǔ)境，為應(yīng)填句子。27、【B2】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第二段首先講到家庭學(xué)校為你提供了選擇，空格后的句子反映的仍然是同樣的信息，因此空格處的句子應(yīng)該與家庭學(xué)校的教育有關(guān)。選項(xiàng)A“Homeschooling…”在內(nèi)容和邏輯上符合題意。28、【B3】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格位于第二段的最后，考生可以通過(guò)空格前的內(nèi)容來(lái)判斷應(yīng)填句子。空格前論述的是家庭學(xué)校的孩子的學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)，與全國(guó)平均水平相比，家庭學(xué)校的學(xué)生在ITBs和TAP考試中的成績(jī)都非常優(yōu)秀，因此空格處的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該與學(xué)生的考試成績(jī)有關(guān)。在剩余選項(xiàng)中，只有E選項(xiàng)將接受家庭教育的學(xué)生成績(jī)與公立和私立學(xué)校的學(xué)生成績(jī)相比較，符合上下文意思。29、【B4】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格后的Thestudy是重要線索，應(yīng)填句子的內(nèi)容肯定與某項(xiàng)研究有關(guān)。通過(guò)分析，考生不難看出C選項(xiàng)“Thereisanationwidestudyusingarandom(隨機(jī))selectionof1，516families”中的“anationwidestudy”與“Thestudy”所指內(nèi)容一致，在結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)義上連貫。因此C選項(xiàng)為應(yīng)填句子。30、【B5】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：空格前講到HeritageHomeSchool的教師有著65年的家庭教育課程經(jīng)驗(yàn)，而空格后介紹的是Heritage家庭學(xué)校的畢業(yè)生的就業(yè)、生活情況。在剩余選項(xiàng)B和F中，B選項(xiàng)“在數(shù)學(xué)方面，我們的學(xué)生名列全國(guó)前2％，并且許多學(xué)生順利升入大學(xué)”在內(nèi)容上與前后銜接一致。五、填詞補(bǔ)文(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)LawsonEuthanasiaItwas3:45inthemorningwhenthevotewasfinallytaken.Aftersixmonthsofarguingandfinal16hoursofhotparliamentarydebates,Australia'sNorthernTerritorybecamethefirstlegalauthorityintheworldtoallowdoctorstotakethelivesof【W(wǎng)1】______illpatientswhowishtodie.Themeasurepassedbytheconvincingvoteof15to10.Almost【W(wǎng)2】______wordflashedontheInternetandwaspickedup,halfaworldaway,byJohnHofsess,executivedirectoroftheRighttoDieSocietyofCanada.Hesentiton【W(wǎng)3】______thegroup'son-lineservice,DeathNET.SaysHofsess:"Wepostedbulletinsalldaylong,becauseofcoursethisisn'tjustsomething【W(wǎng)4】______happenedinAustralia.It'sworldhistory."Thefullimportmaytakeawhiletosinkin.TheNTRightsoftheTerminally111lawhasleftphysiciansandcitizensaliketryingto【W(wǎng)5】______withitsmoralandpracticalimplications.Somehavebreathedsighsofrelief,others,includingchurches,right-to-lifegroupsandtheAustralianmedicalAssociation,bitterlyattackedthebillandthehasteofitspassage.Butthetideis【W(wǎng)6】______toturnback.InAustralia—whereanagingpopulation,life-extendingtechnologyandchangingcommunityattitudeshaveallplayedtheirpart—otherstatesaregoingtoconsidermakinga【W(wǎng)7】______lawtodealwitheuthanasia.IntheUSandCanada,wheretheright-to-diemovementisgatheringstrength,observersarewaitingforthedominoestostartfalling.UnderthenewNorthernTerritorylaw,anadultpatientcanrequestdeath—probablybya【W(wǎng)8】______injectionorpill—toputanendtosuffering.Thepatientmustbediagnosedasterminallyillbytwodoctors.Aftera"coolingoff"periodofsevendays,thepatientcan【W(wǎng)9】______acertificateofrequest.After48hoursthewishfordeathcanbemet.ForLloydNickson,a54-year-oldDarwinresidentsufferingfromlungcancer,theNTRightsoftheTerminally111lawmeanshecangetonwithlivingwithoutthehauntingfearofhissuffering:aterrifyingdeathfromhisbreathingcondition."I'mnot【W(wǎng)10】______ofdyingfromaspiritualpointofview,butwhatIwasafraidofwashowI'dgo,becauseI'vewatchedpeopledieinthehospitalfightingforoxygenandclawingattheirmasks,"hesays.31、【W(wǎng)1】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需要副詞。incurablyillpatients患有不可治愈的疾病的病人。32、【W(wǎng)2】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：I知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需要副詞。almostimmediately幾乎同時(shí)。33、【W(wǎng)3】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：K知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需要介詞。via通過(guò)，經(jīng)由。34、【W(wǎng)4】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處為定語(yǔ)從句。因?yàn)榍懊嬗衧omething，根據(jù)語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，只能用that。35、【W(wǎng)5】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需要?jiǎng)釉~。dealwith為固定搭配，表示“處理”。36、【W(wǎng)6】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：L知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需要副詞。句首but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，根據(jù)上文，此處填unlikely(不可能)。37、【W(wǎng)7】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：J知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需要形容詞。makingasimilarlawtodealwitheuthanasia制定一個(gè)類似的法律處理安樂(lè)死。38、【W(wǎng)8】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需要形容詞。deadly致命的。39、【W(wǎng)9】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：H知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需要?jiǎng)釉~。signacertificateofrequest簽署一個(gè)請(qǐng)求協(xié)議。40、【W(wǎng)10】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需要形容詞。beafraidof為固定搭配，表示“害怕”。六、完形補(bǔ)文(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)ExaminationsInthe【C1】______(Europe)universitiesoftheMiddleAges,studentswhowereworkingfor【C2】______(advance)degreeshadtodiscussquestionsintheirfieldof【C3】______(researcher)ofthesubject.Thiscustomexiststodayaspartoftheworkoftestingcandidates(候選人)foramaster'sordoctor'sdegree.【C4】______(general),however,modernexaminationsarewritten.Twotypesoftestsare【C5】______(common)usedinmodernschools.Thefirsttypesometimescalledanobjective(客觀性)test,itisintendedtodealwithfacts,not【C6】______(person)opinions.Tomakeupanobjectivetesttheteacherwritesaseriesofquestions,eachofwhichhasonlyonecorrectanswer.Alongwitheachquestiontheteacherwritesthecorrectanswerandalsothree【C7】______(state)thatlooklikeanswerstostudentswhohavenotlearnedthematerial【C8】______(proper).Fortestingastudent'smemoryoffactsanddetails,theobjectivetesthasadvantages.Itcanfindoutagreatdealaboutthestudent'srangeofknowledge.Fortestingsomekindsoflearning,however,suchatestisnotvery【C9】______(satisfy).A【C10】______(luck)studentmayguessthecorrectanswerwithoutreallyknowingthematerial.41、【C1】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：European知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需填一個(gè)形容詞。在中世紀(jì)的歐洲大學(xué)，如果學(xué)生想要拿到高等學(xué)位需要就所選領(lǐng)域進(jìn)行闡述和談?wù)?。在這個(gè)短句中缺少一個(gè)詞來(lái)修飾后面的名詞universities，所以前面要填它的形容詞形式。42、【C2】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：advanced知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需填一個(gè)形容詞。根據(jù)上下文意思，學(xué)生想要拿到高等學(xué)位的話是需要就自己的專業(yè)發(fā)表看法的。這里缺少一個(gè)形容詞來(lái)修飾后面的degrees，“advanceddegree”表示“高等學(xué)位”。43、【C3】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：research知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需填一個(gè)名詞。根據(jù)上下文意思，“inthefieldof…”后面通常跟一個(gè)表示學(xué)科或?qū)I(yè)的名詞，表示“在某個(gè)領(lǐng)域”。44、【C4】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：Generally知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需填一個(gè)副詞。副詞可以單放在句首，這樣的副詞還有很多，特別是程度副詞，如：apparently，basically，surprisingly等。注意首字母要大寫。45、【C5】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：commonly知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需填一個(gè)副詞?，F(xiàn)代的考試是以筆試為主的，通常有兩種題型?？崭窈竺媸且粋€(gè)動(dòng)詞，所以前面通常需要一個(gè)修飾它的副詞。46、【C6】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：personal知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需填一個(gè)形容詞。第一種題型通常為客觀題，就是和客觀事實(shí)相關(guān)的、不發(fā)表個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)的題型。這里需要一個(gè)形容詞來(lái)修飾其后面的名詞。47、【C7】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：statements知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需填一個(gè)名詞。根據(jù)上下文意思，要出客觀題的話，老師需要寫出一系列問(wèn)題，每道題只有一個(gè)正確答案。每道題后面老師通常都會(huì)給出另外三個(gè)選項(xiàng)，并且都具有一定的迷惑性。注意使用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。48、【C8】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：properly知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需填一個(gè)副詞。那些相似的選項(xiàng)可能對(duì)那些沒(méi)有完全掌握知識(shí)的學(xué)生有一定的迷惑性。這里缺少一個(gè)副詞來(lái)修飾前面的動(dòng)詞learned。49、【C9】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：satisfactory知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需填一個(gè)形容詞。如果只是測(cè)試一下學(xué)生對(duì)知識(shí)的掌握情況，那么客觀題有它的優(yōu)點(diǎn)；可是也并不是完全令人滿意的?？崭袂懊嬗幸粋€(gè)副詞very，后面通常會(huì)跟一個(gè)被修飾的形容詞。50、【C10】FORMTEXT標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：lucky知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：此處需要一個(gè)形容詞。如果一個(gè)學(xué)生運(yùn)氣好，那么即使他不知道該選什么答案，也可以憑猜測(cè)獲得分?jǐn)?shù)。這里缺少一個(gè)形容詞來(lái)修飾后面的名詞student，所以填lucky。七、短文寫作(本題共1題，每題1.0分，共1分。)51、假如你是北京外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)系的主任，想邀請(qǐng)哈佛大學(xué)的MichaelHutchison教授來(lái)校為英語(yǔ)專業(yè)的研究生做一次有關(guān)美國(guó)文學(xué)的講座，請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)給他寫一封120詞左右的邀請(qǐng)函。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：DearProfessorMichaelHutchison,I’mLiMing,deanofEnglishdepartmentofBeijingForeignStudiesUniversity.WeareverygladtohearthatyouareattendinganinternationalconferenceinBeijing.WearewritingthislettertoinquirethepossibilityofinvitingyoutodeliveralectureonAmericanliteratureforourpostgraduatestudentsontheeveningofJune16.Wehavelongnoticedthatyouhavedonealotofsubstantialandcreativeworkinthisfield.Twoofyourbookshavebecometextbooksforourstudentsforseveralyears.Soallofusbelieveyourlecturewillbenefitourstudentsandteachingstaffalike.Ifyoucanmanagetocome,pleasetellusthenumberofyourflightandwewillmeetyouattheairport.Ifyoucan’tmakeit,pleasealsoletusknow.Wearelookingforwardtoyourcoming.Yourssincerely,LiMing知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：暫無(wú)解析自考英語(yǔ)（一）模擬試卷第2套一、閱讀判斷(本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10分。)HowtoStayYoungIfyouwanttostayyoung,sitdownandhaveagoodthink.ThisistheresearchfindingofateamofJapanesedoctors,whosaythatmostofourbrainsarenotgettingenoughexercise—andasaresult,weareagingunnecessarilysoon.ProfessorTaijuMatsuzawawantedtofindoutwhyotherwisehealthyfarmersinnorthernJapanappearedtobelosingtheirabilitytothinkandreasonatarelativelyearlyage,andhowtheprocessofagingcouldbesloweddown.WithateamofcolleaguesatTokyoNationalUniversity,hesetaboutmeasuringbrainvolumes(容量)ofathousandpeopleofdifferentagesandvaryingoccupations.Computertechnologyenabledtheresearcherstoobtainprecisemeasurementsofthevolumeofthefrontandsidesectionsofthebrain,whichrelatetointellect(智能)andemotion,anddeterminethehumancharacter.(Therearsectionofthebrain,whichcontrolsfunctionslikeeatingandbreathing,doesnotcontractwithage,andonecancontinuelivingwithoutintellectualoremotionalfaculties.)Contractionoffrontandsideparts—ascellsdieoff—wasobservedinsomesubjectsintheirthirties,butitwasstillnotevidentinsomesixtyandseventy-year-olds.Matsuzawaconcludedfromhisteststhatthereisasimpleremedytothecontractionnormallyassociatedwithage—usingthehead.Thefindingsshowingeneraltermsthatcontractionofthebrainbeginssoonerinpeopleinthecountrythaninthetowns.Thoseleastatrisk,saysMatsuzawa,arelawyers,followedbyuniversityprofessorsanddoctors.Whitecollarworkersdoingroutineworkingovernmentofficesare,however,aslikelytohaveshrinkingbrainsasthefarmworker,busdriverandshopassistant.Matsuzawa'sfindingsshowthatthinkingcanpreventthebrainfromshrinking.Bloodmustcirculateproperlyintheheadtosupplythefreshoxygenthebraincellsneed."Thebestwaytomaintaingoodbloodcirculationisthroughusingthebrain,"hesays."Thinkhardandengageinconversation.Don'trelyonpocketcalculators."1、Ifyouwanttobecomeyoung,you’dbetterkeepsittinginsteadofstandingA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干要求判斷如果要變年輕是否最好坐著而不要站著。第一段中提到“Ifyouwanttostayyoung，sitdownandhaveagoodthink”，意思是“如果想保持年輕，就坐下好好地思考”，并沒(méi)有告訴我們?nèi)绻兡贻p是否最好坐著而不要站著，所以無(wú)法判斷題干是否正確。2、Wedon’tusemostofourbrainssowearegettingoldverysoonA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干要求判斷我們大部分的大腦是否都得不到使用所以我們衰老得很快。第一段最后提到，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)大部分的大腦“arenotgettingenoughexercise”，也就是得不到充分使用，“asaresult，weareagingunnecessarilysoon”，所以題干中的信息是正確的。3、ThephysicallyhealthyfarmersinnorthernJapancan’tthinkandreasononlyataveryoldageA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干要求判斷在日本北部身體健康的農(nóng)民是否在年齡很大的時(shí)候才不能思考。文中第二段講到了這個(gè)具體信息，即“healthyfarmersinnorthernJapanappearedtobelosingtheirabilitytothinkandreasonatarelativelyearlyage”，即在相當(dāng)年輕的時(shí)候他們就失去了思考的能力，所以題干提供的信息是錯(cuò)誤的。4、TheprojectstartswithmeasuringbrainvolumesofathousandpeopleinthesameareaandinthesameprofessionA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干要求判斷這個(gè)研究項(xiàng)目是否首先測(cè)量同一地區(qū)從事同一職業(yè)的一千個(gè)人的大腦容量。第三段提到了這個(gè)研究的內(nèi)容，即測(cè)量一千個(gè)人的大腦容量(measuringbrainvolumesofathousandpeople)，但是這一千個(gè)人是不同年齡并且是從事不同職業(yè)的(differentagesandvaryingoccupations)。所以題干表述是錯(cuò)誤的。5、HumanintellectandemotionaredeterminedbythefrontandsidesectionsofthebrainA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干要求判斷人類的智力和情感是否是由大腦的前部和側(cè)面決定的。文中第四段提到了“thefrontandsidesectionsofthebrain，whichrelatetointellectandemotion”，所以題干表述是正確的。6、Iftherearsectionofthebraingetshurt,peoplecanstilleat,breatheandwinkA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干要求判斷如果大腦的后部受傷了，人們是否還可以吃飯、呼吸和眨眼睛。文中第四段提到了大腦后部的功能，即“whichcontrolsfunctionslikeeatingandbreathing”(控制著吃飯和呼吸等功能)，而且“doesnotcontractwithage”(不會(huì)隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)而萎縮)。如果大腦后部受傷了，人們就不能吃飯、呼吸了，所以題干是錯(cuò)誤的。7、SomeadultsagedmorethanthirtiesbecomeslowinthinkingbecausethefrontandsidepartsoftheirbrainscontractalittleA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干要求判斷30多歲的成人思維變慢了是否是由于他們大腦的前部和側(cè)面有些萎縮了。文中第五段談到了有些30多歲的受試者已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了前部和側(cè)面大腦萎縮的現(xiàn)象，即“Contractionoffrontandsideparts…wasobservedinsomesubjectsintheirthirties”，但是并沒(méi)有告訴我們這是否導(dǎo)致了他們的思維變慢，所以無(wú)法判斷題干是否正確。8、PeoplelivinginthecountrysidehaveshrinkingbrainsfasterthanthoselivingintownsA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干要求判斷生活在農(nóng)村的人是否比生活在城市里的人大腦萎縮得快。文中第七段提到“contractionofthebrainbeginssoonerinpeopleinthecountrythaninthetowns”,意思是“生活在農(nóng)村的人比城市里的人大腦萎縮得快”，所以題干中的信息是正確的。9、Lawyers,universityprofessorsanddoctorsaremostlikelytosufferfromthecontractionofthebrainA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干要求判斷律師、大學(xué)教師和醫(yī)生是否最有可能發(fā)生大腦萎縮。文中第七段談到了最沒(méi)有可能發(fā)生大腦萎縮的人是“l(fā)awyers”，然后是“universityprofessorsanddoctors”，這與題干正好相反，所以題干表述是錯(cuò)誤的。10、Whenyouarethinking,thebloodwillcirculateinyourheadtoprovidefreshoxygentothebraincellsA、TRUEB、FALSEC、NotGiven標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：題干要求判斷當(dāng)你思考時(shí)，血液是否在你的腦部循環(huán)并且為腦細(xì)胞帶來(lái)新鮮的氧氣。最后一段總結(jié)了研究的結(jié)果，即“thinkingcanpreventthebrainfromshrinking”，意為“思考可以阻止大腦萎縮”，并且“Bloodmustcirculateproperlyintheheadtosupplythefreshoxygenthebraincellsneed”，所以題干表述是正確的。二、閱讀選擇(本題共5題，每題1.0分，共5分。)HowtoReduceYourWeight?Youfeelsad;"Iskipmybreakfastandsupper.Iruneverymorningandevening.WhatelsecanIdo?"Basicallyyoucandonothing.Yourgenes,notyourlifehabits,determineyourweightandyourbodyconstantlytriestomaintainit.Howcanobese(肥胖的)peoplebecomenormaloreventhinthroughdieting?Well,dietingcanbeeffective,butthehealthcostsaretremendous.JulesHirsch,aresearchphysicianatRockefellerUniversity,didastudyofeightfatpeople.Theyweregivenliquidformulaproviding600caloriesaday.Aftermor