國家開放大學(xué)本科《人文英語4》一平臺在線形考(單元自測1至8)試題及答案

PAGEPAGE1國家開放大學(xué)本科《人文英語4》一平臺在線形考單元自測1至8試題及答案說明：資料整理于2024年9月23日；適用于國家開放大學(xué)本科學(xué)員一平臺在線形考考試。單元自測1試題及答案說明：本單元測試中共有6道隨機(jī)題，其中有5道選擇題和1道完形填空題。第一大題：選擇填空(每題10分，共5題)備注：本大題從下列帶★題庫中隨機(jī)抽取其中5個小題，每個10分，共50分！★DoyouthinkIcanborrowyourbikeforafewhours?●_____A.I’msorry,butIreallyneeditthisafternoon.★Excuseme,couldyoutellthetime?●________C.It’sthreethirtybymywatch.★Goodafternoon.CanIhelpyou?●_______A.Ineedtobuyabirthdaypresentformyson.★Hello,mayIspeaktoJohn?●_______B.Justasecond,please.★Thankyouforyourinvitation.●_________C.It’sapleasure.★Asthebuscameroundthecorner,itran_________abigtreebytheroadside.A.into★Boththekidsandtheirparents_________English,Ithink.Iknowitfromtheiraccent.C.are★Didyounoticetheguy_________headlookedlikeabigpotato?C.whose★John’sfather___mathematicsinthisschooleversincehegraduatedfromHarvardUniversity.C.hastaught★Neverbefore_________seesuchaterriblecaraccidentontheroad!C.didI★Onaverage,asuccessfullawyerhastotalktoseveral_________aday.B.clients★Ourhouseisaboutamilefromtherailwaystationandtherearenotmanyhouses_______.A.inbetween★ProfessorSmithpromisedtolook______mypaper,thatis,toreaditcarefullybeforethedefence.B.over★Whatisthetrain_________toBirmingham?C.fare★WhenLilycamehomeat5pmyesterday,hermother_________dinnerinthekitchen.B.wascooking第二大題：完形填空(閱讀理解、聽力理解、完形填空等)(共50分)備注：本大題從下列帶★題庫中隨機(jī)抽取其中1個題型的試題，共50分！★排序題(每題10分)A.Doesitcostthesameforeveryhousehold?

B.Youcanpayrighthere,ontheInternet!

C.Justgoahead.

D.WedofortheliveCableTVprograms.

E.Exactly,evendigitalboxes.

LiuHui:Gordon,mayIaskyouaquestion?Gordon:Hi,LiuHui

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.LiuHui:DoIneedtopayforaTVlicenseifIonlywatchTVonlineintheUK?Gordon:Yes,indeed.YouneedtobecoveredbyaTVlicenseifyouwatchorrecordprogramsasthey’rebeingshownonTVorliveonanonlineTVservice.LiuHui:IncludingwatchingTVoncomputersandmobilephones?Gordon:

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.Itisthelaw.LiuHui:Isee.Howmuchisthelicensefee?Gordon:Itcosts?145.50foracolorTVlicenseand?49.00forablackandwhiteTVlicense.LiuHui:That’salotofmoneyforayear.

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?Gordon:Itcoststhesameforallapplicantsunder75.Whenyoureachtheageof75,youmayapplyforafreeOver75TVLicense.LiuHui:Isee.Gordon:DoyouneedsuchalicenseinChina?LiuHui:

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.Gordon:Oh,itsoundssimilar.ButforBBC,thelicensefeeisthemainsourceofincome.ThereisnoadvertisingontheBBCchannels.LiuHui:Bytheway,whereshouldIgotopayformylicense?Gordon:

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.LiuHui:Well,sure!Thankyou!正確答案：(1)C(2)E(3)A(4)D(5)B★判斷題(每題10分)Graffitipaintingistraditionallyadaredevilpursuit.Teenagersdodgesecurityguardstoputtheirnamesontrainsandbuses.Butoverthepastdecade,graffitihasallbutdisappearedfromBritain’scities.Between2007and2012thenumberofincidentsofgraffitirecordedbytheBritishTransportPolicefellby63%.AsurveybytheEnvironmentMinistryshowsthatfewerplacesareblightedbytagsthanever.Graffitiareincreasinglyconfinedtosanctionedwalls,suchastheStockwellballcourts.Intimethepracticemaydieoutentirely.Themostobviousreasonforthedeclineintaggingandtrain-paintingisbetterpolicing.NumerousCCTVcamerasmeanitishardertogetawaywithpaintingillegally.Andpunishmentsaremoresevere.Agenerationalshiftisapparent,too.Fewerteenagersaregettingintopaintingwalls.TheyprefertoplaywithiPadsandvideogames.Somehavegonetoartschoolandwanttomakemoneyfromtheirpaintings.TheInternetmeansthatpainterscanwinfarmoreattentionbypostingpicturesonlinethantheycanbybreakingintoarailwayyard.Taggersandgraffitiartistsmostlygrewupinthe1980sand1990s.Thosemen-andalmostallaremen-arenowolderandlesswillingtotakerisks.Graffitimayeventuallydisappear.Butfornowthehobbyisalmostrespectable.Theformergraffitiartistspaintabandonedwarehousesattheweekend.IthasbecomesomethingtodoonaSundayafternoon-aslightlyhealthieralternativetosittingandwatchingfootball.1.Teenagersarenotafraidofbeingcaughtbysecurityguardswhentheyputtheirnamesontrainsandbuses.[答案F]2.Lesstagscanbefoundinpublicplacesnowadays.[答案T]3.Becauseofbetterpolicinggraffitidecreases.[答案T]4.Someteenagersgotoartschoolinordertolearntopaintwalls.[答案F]5.Taggersandgraffitiartistsarestillwillingtotakerisks.[答案F]★選擇題(每題10分)JimThorpewasaNativeAmerican.Hewasbornin1888inanIndianTerritory(印第安人保護(hù)區(qū))thatisnowOklahoma.LikemostNativeAmericanchildrenthen,helikedtofish,hunt,swim,andplaygamesoutdoors.Hewashealthyandstrong,buthehadverylittleformaleducation.In1950,JimThorpewasnamedthegreatestAmericanfootballplayer.HewasalsoanOlympicgoldmedalwinner.ButThorpehadmanytragediesinhislife.Jimhadatwinbrotherwhodiedwhenhewasnineyearsold.Bythetimehewas16,hismotherandfatherwerealsodead,JimthenwenttoaspecialschoolinPennsylvaniaforNativeAmericanchildren.There,helearnedtoreadandwriteandalsobegantoplaysports.Jimwaspoor,soheleftschoolfortwoyearstoearnsomemoney.Duringthistime,heplayedonabaseballteam.Theteampaidhimonly$15aweek.Soonhereturnedtoschooltocompletehiseducation.Jimwasastarathlete(運(yùn)動員)inseveralsports,includingbaseball,running,andfootball.Hewonmanyawardsforhisathleticability,mainlyforfootball.Inmanygames,hescoredallormostofthepointsforhisteam.In1912,whenJimThorpewas24yearsold,hebecamepartoftheU.SOlympicteam.Hecompetedintwoverydifficultevents:thepentathlonandthedecathlon.Bothrequiregreatabilityandstrength.Thepentathlonhasfivetrackandfieldevents,includingthelongjumpandthe1500-meterrace.Thedecathlonhastentrackandfieldevents,withrunning,jumpingandthrowingcontests.Peoplethoughtitwasimpossibleforanathletetocompeteinboththepentathlonandthedecathlon.SoeveryonewassurprisedwhenThorpewongoldmedalsinbothevents.WhentheKingofSwedenpresentedThorpewithhistwogoldmedals,hesaid,Sir,youarethegreatestathleteintheworld.Thorpewasasimpleandhonestman.Hejustanswered,Thanks,King.1.FromthepassagewelearnthatJimThorpewasbornin______.C.Oklahoma2.Accordingtothepassage,mostAmericanIndianchildrenlovedallthefollowingEXCEPT____.B.singing3.JimThorpestartedtoplaysports______.B.whenhewas16yearsold4.Theworddecathloninparagraph3probablymeans______.C.tentrackandfieldevents5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?A.In1912,Thorpewentbacktofinishhiscollegeeducation.單元自測2試題及答案說明：本單元測試中共有6道隨機(jī)題，其中有5道選擇題和1道完形填空題。第一大題：選擇填空(每題10分，共5題)備注：本大題從下列帶★題庫中隨機(jī)抽取其中5個小題，每個10分，共50分！★HowmanylanguagesdoesPeterspeak?●_______B.Fivelanguages.★Somethingwentwrongwithmytelevisionlastnight.●________A.I’msorrytohearthat.★Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?Whataboutacupoftea?●________C.No,thanks.★Youarelate.Thediscussionstarted30minutesago.●_______B.Iamreallysorry.★YourIDcard,please.●_______A.Hereyouare.★_______theWarofIndependence,theUnitedStateswasanEnglishcolony.A.Before★Eggs,thoughrichinnourishments,have_________offat.C.alargeamount★Everyyearthousandsoflives_________inroadaccidentsbecauseofcarelessdriving.A.arelost★Hadyoucomefiveminutesearlier,you_________thetraintoBirmingham.Butnowyoumissedit.B.wouldhavecaught★Ifshewantstostaythin,shemustmakea_________inherdiet.A.change★Nomatter_______,thelittlesistersmanagedtoroundthesheepupanddrivethembackhomesafely.C.howharditwassnowing★ThestudentwereallentertainedinaMexicanrestaurant,atProfessorBrian’s_________C.expense★Theyoungladycomingovertous_________ourEnglishteacher;thewayshewalkstellsusthat!A.mustbe★Tom,whatdidyoudowithmydocuments?Ihaveneverseensucha_________anddisorder!B.mess★Youshouldn’t_________yourtimelikethat,Bob;youhavetofinishyourschoolworktonight.C.kill第二大題：完形填空(閱讀理解、聽力理解、完形填空等)(共50分)備注：本大題從下列帶★題庫中隨機(jī)抽取其中1個題型的試題，共50分！★排序題(每題10分)A.ICOULDN’TAGREEMORE.B.WHATELSE?C.ONCEWESEPARATEANDRECYCLETHEM.D.BUTIHAVEACONCERN.E.THATISREALLYAGREATADVICE.Peter:Molly,lookatthis.Thenewspapersaysweshouldsorttrash.Molly:Thatwouldbegreat!Ialwayshateitwhenpeoplemixingallthetrashtogether.Peter:___1___Manycommunitieshavealreadydonethat.Molly:Yeah.Thebenefitsofsortingouttrashareobvious.Peter:Forinstance?Molly:Iftrashissorted,itcanbetransferredtofactoriesinsteadofthedisposalplant.Peter:Thatmakessense.___2___Molly:Withtrashseparated,pollutioncausedbyincinerationcanbeavoided.Peter:Itishightimeforustosortoutthetrash.Trashistrashonlywheneverythingismixedtogether.__3_theycanbeusefulagain.Molly:___4___Thingslikepaper,glass,andplasticscanallberecycled.Theycanbereused.Peter:Sortingisgood.___5___Ifpeoplehavenoideahowtosorttheirtrash,theywillstillputallwasteinthesamebag.Molly:Youareright.Peopleshouldbeinformedabouthowtodothatinthefirstplace.Moreover,sortingtrashshouldbemadeeasyforus.Otherwise,fewpeoplewouldbothertodoit.Peter:Ihopeeverythinggoessmoothly!Molly:Ibelieveitwill.正確答案：(1)E(2)B(3)C(4)A(5)D★選擇題(每題10分)Sinceitsfoundingin1948,McDonald’shasgrownfromafamilyburger(漢堡包)standtoaglobalfast-foodchain,withmorethan30,000locationsin118countries.With58milliondailycustomersworldwide,McDonald’sisnowsoubiquitousaroundtheglobethatTheEconomistpublishesaglobalrankingofcurrencies’purchasingpowerbasedonthepriceschargedatthelocalMcDonald’s,calledtheBigMacIndex(巨無霸指數(shù)).That’snottosaythateverynationcarriesthesamemenuitems:choicesvarywidelydependingonlocation.SomeAsianlocationsservefriedshrimpinaBigMacroll,whileMcDonald’sinIndiadoesn’tservebeefatall,relyinginsteadonburgersmadefromvegetables,riceandbeans.NoteveryoneintheworldhasbeenhappytogreetRonaldMcDonaldwhenhemovestotown.ManyseeMcDonald’sasasymbolofAmericaneconomicandculturalchauvinism(沙文主義),andEuropeannationsinparticularhaveviewedAmerican-stylefastfoodasaninsulttotheirnationalfood.AFrenchfarmer,JoseBove,becamesomethingofanationalheroin1999afterheandagroupofpeopledestroyedaMcDonald’sunderconstructiontoprotestglobalizationandbadfood.Thenextyear,abombexplodedinaFrenchMcDonald’s,killinga27-year-oldemployee.Nooneclaimedresponsibility.Butregardlessofwhetheryouliketheirfoodortheirpolicies,McDonald’sisstillwidelyseenasoneofthetruepioneersofpeacefulglobalization.1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?B.McDonald’shasopeneditsrestaurantsineverycityoftheworld.2.ThewordubiquitousinParagraph2ismostlikelytomean______.C.existingeverywhere3.FromParagraph2,wecanconcludethat______.A.McDonald’sdesignsitsmenutosuitthelocalpeople4.WhatdidJoseBoveandhispeopledoin1999toprotestagainstMcDonald’s?A.TheydestroyedaMcDonald’sunderconstruction.5.In______,anemployeediedinafatalbombattackonaMcDonald’srestaurantinFrance.C.2000★正誤判斷題(每題10分)I’vebeenlivinginthecountryformorethan10years.Itmeansquietness,privacy,harmonyandpeaceforme.Livinginthecountryrequiresanactivelifestyle.Itinvolvesactivitieslikedoingdailychores,preparingfirewoodforwinterheating,feedinganimalsincludingpetsandlivestock,tendingthegarden,orsecuringfences,etc.Forme,themostattractiveactivitiesarefishing,huntingandhiking.Ienjoyseeingwhatnaturehastooffereverydaythroughasimplewalkdownthelittletrail,orarelaxingdrivealongthecountryroadwithpatchesofgreengrassornamentedwithwildlifesightingsofbirds,moose,bears,deer,etc.Livingthecountrylifehelpsusappreciatesomeofthesimplerthings,thingsthatmakeusfeelgoodaboutourselvesandtheworld.ItmaybejustagettogetheronaSaturdayatthelocalfarmersmarket,oraprojectoraproblemthatthecommunitymightpulltogethertohelpsolve.Ihaveparticipatedinafewcommunityprojects,likedealingwithout-of-controlgrassfires,aroofthatcollapsedfromalargesnowfall,orevenhelpingarecentwidowwithfirewoodforthewinter.SometimesIamsurprisedbyhowmuchbenefitwereceivefromhelpingothersandasforthiscommunityIcan’tsayenough.Ireallyenjoylivingthecountrylife.Iknowit’snotforeveryone,butIknowit’sforme.1.Theauthorhaslivedinthecountrysideformorethanadecade,andhe/sheloveslivingthere.[答案T]2.Livinginthecountryisnotbusyatall.[答案F]3.Theauthortakesawalkordrivesalongcountryroadsalmosteveryday.[答案T]4.PeoplelivinginthecountryusuallygoshoppingeverySaturday.[答案T]5.Accordingtotheauthor,nobodydislikescountrysidelife.[答案F]單元自測3試題及答案說明：本單元測試中共有6道隨機(jī)題，其中有5道選擇題和1道完形填空題。第一大題：選擇填空(每題10分，共5題)備注：本大題從下列帶★題庫中隨機(jī)抽取其中5個小題，每個10分，共50分！★Canyougooutwithusfordinnerthisevening?●________B.Thanksalot,butI’mbusytonight.★Excuseme,whereisDrSmith’soffice?●_____B.Sorry,Idon’tknow.Butyoucanaskthemanoverthere.★Goodmorning,sir.MayIhelpyou?●_______C.Yes,Ineedsomesalt.★Ididn’tknowmyidentitycardwasneeded,sir.●________B.Sorry,butthat’snoexcuse.★Thesearecertainlybeautifulflowers.Thankyouverymuch.●_______B.It’smypleasure.★AlthoughhedidnotknowLondonwell,hemadehisway_____totheairport.C.easilyenough★Doyouknowtheman_________undertheappletree?B.lying★Harry,whohadfailedinthefinalexam,hadagreatworry_________hismind.A.on★Idon’tknowthepark,butit’s_________tobequitebeautiful.A.said★Isthelibrary_________now?No,it’s_________.C.open;closed★MikeisbetterthanPeter_________swimming.B.at★Nancyis_________girl.A.aneighteen-year-old★Thebabyishungry,butthere’s_________milkinthebottle.A.little★Theyhavelearnedabout_________inrecentyears.B.hundredsofEnglishwords★Twothousanddollars_________enoughforthecar.A.is第二大題：完形填空(閱讀理解、聽力理解、完形填空等)(共50分)備注：本大題從下列帶★題庫中隨機(jī)抽取其中1個題型的試題，共50分！★排序題(每題10分)A.FORMANYSTUDENTSB.AMAJORBARRIERC.EQUALITYINACCESSTOEDUCATIOND.DIFFERENTPEOPLEE.NON-TRADITIONALSTUDENTSTheNationalUnionofStudents(NUS)welcomesthenewsthatgreaternumbersofblackanddisabledstudentsarestudyingatUKuniversities,butthereisstillalotofworktobedoneonwideningaccess,writestheunion’spresident,GemmaTumelty.ArecentDepartmentofCommunitiesandLocalGovernment(DCLG)equalitiesreviewshowedthatsignificantnumbersofpotentialstudentsfelttheirdisabilitywas___1___toaccessinghighereducation(HE).Thisissimplyunacceptable.Equalityanddiversityisnotentirelyanumbersgameandbeforetoomuchpraiseisgivenweneedtohearmorefrom___2___,notjustabouttheirexperienceofaccessinghighereducationbutalsogoingthroughthesystem.Equalityinsocietyisabsolutely,andfundamentally,linkedto___3___.___4___,universityistheplacewheretheywillbefirstexposedtodifferentculturesand___5___.Aswellasfightingforbetteraccess,theNUSwantstoseediversityproperlyvaluedandpromotedwithinthestudentexperience.Manypaylipservicetothevalueofdiversity,butisthisrecognizedandpromotedasacoreassettothosewhogothroughtheHEsystem?Equalityinsocietycanbepromotedbyequalityanddiversityatuniversity.Butthebenefitsofuniversityasapositive,diverseenvironmentmustbeseenbystudentsasaddingvalueasmuchasanyotherfactorsbeforethenumbersgameisreallywonbythechampionsofdiversity.正確答案：(1)B(2)E(3)C(4)A(5)D

★選擇題(每題10分)Itcanbereallyfrustrating(使人沮喪的)foranoverweightpersontogotoagymandworkoutwithapositiveattitude.Allonehastodoiswalkbyalmostanynicegymandnoticeallthehealthy,sweating,skinnymembers.Sometimestheystareatthoseofuswhoare,well,zaftig.Itiseasytoseethejudgmentbehindtheireyes.Whowantstoputupwiththat?Manypeopleareself-consciousoftheirbodiesandfeelisolatedwhenjoiningworkoutclassesofwhileexercising,especiallyiftheyarelargerthanmostoftheothersinthegroup.Nowthefitnessindustryisfinallypayingattention.Populargymsarecatering(迎合)tooverweightandweightconsciouscustomersbydedicatingareaswheretheskinnypeoplearenotallowed.Thereareevengymsorprogramsthatrequirememberstobeatleast50poundsoverweighttoparticipate.Trainersrecommendfunctionalfitnessasapracticalgoal,ratherthansix-packabs(六塊腹肌).Theyoftenusetextmessagestostayintouchwithcustomers.Oftenatthesespecializedgyms,thetrainersareoverweightthemselves,orworkingontheirownweightgoals,andthiscanhelpthosepeoplewithanxietycausedbypoorbodyimage.Theequipmenthasbeendesignedforusebylargerpeople.Widerseats,morecushioning,nomirrors,andtinted(有色的)windowsforprivacy,areallimportantchanges.Hopefullythesetypesofgymswillsuccessfullygrowinnumbersinthefuture.Theideaisaverysimpleandpotentiallypopularone.Ifithelpsthoseofuswhoarebiggerexercisemoreandimproveourfitnesslevel,it’sastepintherightdirection.1.ThewordzaftiginParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.A.fat2.Wecaninferfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthat______.B.overweightpeopleareoftenfrustratedandpushedawaybytraditionalgymindustry3.Whatisthetraininggoalinthegymscateringtooverweightmembers?A.Toachievefunctionalfitness.4.Asforthegymscateringtooverweightmembers,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?C.Therearelargemirrorsonthewalls.5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?C.SpecializedGymsDesignedforOverweightPeople.★選擇題(每題10分)LiuHuiinterviewsDr.Smithabouttheissueofeducationalinequality.LiuHui:Thankyou,Dr.Smith,foragreeingtobeinterviewedbyourCampusNewsWeekly.First,whatdoyoumeanbyeducationalinequality?Dr.Smith:Educationalinequalityisthedisparitythatcertainstudentsexperienceintheireducationascomparedtootherstudents.Butthemeaningofitvariesindifferentsocialcontexts.LiuHui:Whydoesitexistinmodernsociety?Dr.Smith:Well,researcherslinkeducationalinequalitytosocioeconomic,racialandgeographicreasons.LiuHui:Soitisverylikelythateducationalinequalityexistsindifferentformsindifferentcountries.Dr.Smith:Yeah,youareright.Forexample,intheUnitedStates,althoughskincolorislinkedtootherformsofinequality,itisevidentineducation.LiuHui:EducationalinequalityexistsinChina,too.Forexample,thecollegeentrancerateismuchhigherinBeijingthaninotherprovinces.Howdoyouthinkcanwesomedayeradicatetheinequality?Dr.Smith:It’simpossibletoanswersuchabigquestioninfewwords.Educationalinequalityhasbecomeoneofthemostimportantpoliticalandsocialissuesineverynationnowadays.Therehavebeennumerousattemptsatreformsand1.Well,researcherslinkeducationalinequalityto______.C.racial,socioeconomicandgeographicreasons2.Accordingtothepassage,_____.C.intheUnitedStates,skincolorislinkedtotheinequalityineducation3.Educationalinequalityexistsin______.C.allthecountries4.Whatdoestheworderadicatemeaninthepassage?A.getridof5.What’stheattitudeofDr.Smithtothefutureofeducationequality?B.positive單元自測4試題及答案說明：本單元測試中共有6道隨機(jī)題，其中有5道選擇題和1道完形填空題。第一大題：選擇填空(每題10分，共5題)備注：本大題從下列帶★題庫中隨機(jī)抽取其中5個小題，每個10分，共50分！★CanyoutellmewhereIcanparkthecar?●_______C.Well,justoverthere★CouldItalktoProf.Lee?●______A.Yes,speaking

★I’vegotabadcoldtoday.●______B.Oh,dear!Ihopeyougetbettersoon★Sam,thisismyfriend,Jane.●________B.Gladtomeetyou,Jane

★What’sthematterwithyou?●_________C.Ifeelabitsick★Iwasgivingatalktoalargegroupofpeople,thesametalkI_____tohalfadozenothergroupsbefore.C.hadgiven★Itissaidthat_____boysinyourschoollikeplayingfootballintheirsparetime,thoughotherspreferbasketball.B.quiteafew★Jane’sdressissimilarindesign_________hersister’s.C.to★NeitherJohn_________hisfatherwasabletowakeupearlyenoughtocatchthemorningtrain.A.nor★Shehastwobestfriends._________ofthemisinthecountry.C.Neither★Theatmosphere_________certaingasesmixedtogetherindefiniteproportions.C.consistsof

★Thenewordermeans_________overtime.C.working★Thesportsmeetingwasputofftillthenextweek_________rain.C.becauseof★Today’sweatheris_________worsethanyesterday’s.B.much

★Withhisworkcompleted,themanagersteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleased______hewasamanofaction.B.that第二大題：完形填空(閱讀理解、聽力理解、完形填空等)(共50分)備注：本大題從下列帶★題庫中隨機(jī)抽取其中1個題型的試題，共50分！★排序題(每題10分)A.EVENWITHOUTINTERNATIONALLINKSB.CHINESESTUDENTSANDACADEMICSC.THECRISISONECONOMICGROWTHD.ASTRONGRESEARCHSYSTEME.INPARTBECAUSEOFTHISEducationandacademicqualitycanmeandifferentthingstodifferentpeople,dependingontheirperspective,roleandcontextand,___1___,qualityisnotoriouslydifficulttoevaluate.Thequestionofhowtodothishasbeenpursuedformanyyears.Nevertheless,thegoalofimprovingeducationalqualityisagreedbyallandstimulatedfurtherbytherecentworldwideeconomicdownturnandtheneedtocounteracttheimpactof___2___andprepareforeconomicrecovery.AstheWorldBankandUNESCOsaid10yearsago:Thequalityofknowledgegeneratedwithinhighereducationinstitutions,anditsavailabilitytothewidereconomy,isbecomingincreasinglycriticaltonationalcompetitiveness.Theyalsorightlyemphasizedthat___3___atthenationallevelopensupthepossibilitythatsubstantialadditionalpublicbenefitscanberealizedthroughinternationallinks.Thisispreciselywhy___4___shouldcontributetotheseglobalbenefits,reformingandimprovingevaluationsystemsforeducationalandacademicquality.Originalandgoodresearch,especiallyinscience,economicsandsocialsciences,hasatrickle-downeffectonsociety.Anditoffersadditionalbenefits___5___,thoughinternationalcollaborationandexchangeofthebestevaluationpolicyandpracticecanbringsubstantialadvantagestoallpartnersinrelationtolessonslearnedelsewhere.正確答案：(1)E(2)C(3)D(4)B(5)A★選擇題(每題10分)Babieswhoarebreast-fedmaybemorelikelytobesuccessfulinlife,anewstudypublishedTuesdaysuggests.Thestudyfollowedmorethan3,000babiesintoadulthoodinBrazil.Theresearchersfoundthosewhowerebreast-fedscoredslightlyhigherinintelligencetestsintheir30s,stayedinschoollongerandearnedmoremoneythanthosewhoweregivenformula(配方奶粉).Breast-feedingnotonlyhasshort-termbenefits,butalsobreast-feedinghaslong-termbenefits,saysBernardoLessaHortaoftheFederalUniversityofPelotasinBrazil,wholedthestudybeingpublishedinTheLancetGlobalHealth.Doctorshavelongknownthatbreast-feedingcanbegoodforababy’shealth.Thisisespeciallytrueinpoorcountries,wherewatercanbecontaminated.Forinstance,ababygivenformulaindevelopingcountriesis14timesmorelikelytodieinthefirstsixmonthsthanonewho’sbreast-fed.IntheU.S.,someresearchhassuggestedthatbreast-feedingmayraiseababy’sIQ(智商)byafewpoints.Butarecentstudywithsiblings(兄弟姐妹)foundlittleadvantagetobreast-feeding.Hortasaysthesepreviousstudiesdidn’tfollowchildrenintoadulthoodtoseeifbreast-feedinghadlong-termeffects.SoHortaanalyzeddatacollectedfrom3,493volunteersheandhiscolleagueshavebeenfollowingsincebirth.Theyarenowintheir30s.First,theresearchersgavethesubjectsIQtests.Thosewhowerebreast-fedfor12monthsormorehadIQtestscoresthatwere3.76pointshigherthanthosewhowerebreast-fedforlessthanonemonth,theteamfound.WhenHortaandhiscolleagueslookedathowmucheducationthesubjectshadgottenandhowmuchmoneytheyweremaking,theyalsofoundacleardifference:Thosewhowerebreast-fedthelongeststayedinschoolforaboutanextrayearandhadmonthlysalariesthatwereaboutathirdhigher.1.Fromthepassage,welearnthatHorta______.A.isfromBrazil2.Whichofthefollowingaboutthosewhowerebreast-fedisNOTmentioned?B.Theywerehappier3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?C.Horta’sresearchprojectlastedabout30years4.ThewordcontaminatedinParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto______.C.polluted5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?C.Breast-feedingImprovesChancesofSuccess★正誤判斷題(每題10分)LiuHuiandMollyarediscussingtheissueofeducationalqualityataworkshop.LiuHui:Hi,Molly.Today’stopiciseducationalquality.First,whatdoeseducationalqualitymeantoyou?Molly:AsfarasI’mconcerned,qualityeducationmeansgoodlearningstandardsineducationalinstitutions.So,educationalqualityensuresadesirableoutcomeforlearners.LiuHui:Soundslikeaftersomeseriousthinking.However,manydefinitionsofqualityineducationexist,testifyingtothecomplexityandmultifacetednatureoftheconcept.Molly:Definitely,establishingacontextualizedunderstandingofqualitymeansincludingrelevantstakeholders.Keystakeholdersoftenholddifferentviewsandmeaningsofeducationalquality.LiuHui:TherearemanyprestigiousuniversitiesintheUS.Theyallprovidehigh-qualityeducation.Butsomeuniversitiesaren’tknownfortheirquality.It’shardtoimaginethegap.Molly:Yes,intheUSthequalityinhighereducationisquitemixed.UniversitieslikeHarvard,Yale,MIT,etc.,youknow,arewell-knownallovertheworld.However,therearesomeinstitutionsprovidingpooreducation,socalleddiplomamills.LiuHui:InChina,wehavesimilarissuesineducationalquality.Someuniversitiespaymoreattentiontoprofitsinsteadofquality.Molly:Howtoimproveeducationalqualityisaninternationalissue.But,solutionsaregroundedinvalues,culturesandtraditionsandmaybespecifictoagivennationaswell.1.Mollythinksthateducationalqualityensuresasatisfactoryoutcomeforlearners.[答案T]2.LiuHuidisagreeswithMollyonthemeaningofeducationquality.[答案F]3.AlluniversitiesintheU.S.offerhigh-qualityeducation.[答案F]4.Diplomamillscannotprovidehigh-qualityeducation.[答案T]5.InChina,thereisn’tanydiplomamill.[答案F]單元自測5試題及答案說明：本單元測試中共有6道隨機(jī)題，其中有5道選擇題和1道完形填空題。第一大題：選擇填空(每題10分，共5題)備注：本大題從下列帶★題庫中隨機(jī)抽取其中5個小題，每個10分，共50分！★Canyouhelpmeclearupthemess?●________B.Noproblem★Haveaniceholiday,Ted.●________C.Thankyou,andyoutoo★HowwasthejourneytoLondon?●________A.Itwentverywell★What’sthebestwaytogettotheEmpireHotelfromhere?●_______B.Walkingthroughthewood★Youneedn