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2022呂梁市一模試題理科數(shù)學(xué)參考答案一、選擇題:題號(hào)123456789101112答案CABDAACCBDDB1.C解:因?yàn)?,所以,故選C2.A解:因?yàn)?,所以,故選A3.【解析】因?yàn)?,,,所以在上各有一解,所?有兩個(gè)零點(diǎn),故選B.4.【解析】取中點(diǎn),則平面,所以,又所以平面,所以,所以異面直線與所成的角為.故選D.5.【解析】,為奇函數(shù),排除C;又,可排除B,C,故選A.6.【解析】設(shè)小正方形的邊長為1,則,所以,解之得,選A.7.【解析】由得,,或.當(dāng)時(shí),由得,,或,由得,,所以在處有極小值.當(dāng)時(shí),由得,,或,由得,,所以在處有極大值,是函數(shù)在處有極大值的充分必要條件.故選C.8.【解析】由已知得,,所以.由射影定理得,所以,所以,所以.選C.9.【解析】設(shè),因三點(diǎn)共線,所以,解得,選B.10.【解析】如圖座艙距離地面最近的位置為點(diǎn),時(shí),游客甲位于位于點(diǎn),以為終邊的角為;根據(jù)摩天輪轉(zhuǎn)一周大約需要30min,可知座艙轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的角速度約為,有題意可得,選D.11.【解析一】由得,.又所以為首項(xiàng)為,公比為的等比數(shù)列,所以即,所以,選D.【解析二】12.【解析】,,又函數(shù)為增函數(shù),所以,故選B.二、填空題:本題共4小題,每小題5分,共20分.13.【解析】設(shè),,則,所以,即.14.【解析】畫出函數(shù)的圖象,因直線過定點(diǎn),當(dāng)直線與相切時(shí),滿足條件.聯(lián)立得,由得或,當(dāng),方程的解為,滿足條件;當(dāng)時(shí),當(dāng)?shù)慕鉃?,不滿足條件,所以15.【解析】解法一:設(shè),,由,得,所以,于是,又點(diǎn)在圓上,即所以,化簡(jiǎn)得.所以點(diǎn)的軌跡為以為圓心為半徑的圓,所以.解法二:圓的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方程為,設(shè),因?yàn)?,所以,即所以,所?16.,(第一空2分,第二空3分)【解析】該半正多面體表面由6個(gè)正方形與8個(gè)等邊三角形組成,其的表面積為,該半正多面體可以看作是棱長為2的正方體,8個(gè)頂點(diǎn)處截去側(cè)棱長為1的8個(gè)正三棱錐得到的,所以該半正多面體的體積為.17.【解析】(1)解法一:因?yàn)樗浴ぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁぁ?分,···········3分所以···········4分又···········5分所以數(shù)列是以首項(xiàng)為,公差為的等差數(shù)列.···········6分解法二:···········4分又··········5分所以數(shù)列是以首項(xiàng)為,公差為的等差數(shù)列.···········6分(2)由(1)得,所以···········7分即···········8分··········9分··········10分當(dāng)時(shí),·········11分所以···········12分18.【解析】(1)由已知得···········2分因,所以···········3分因?yàn)?,由正弦定理得··········?分,所以···········5分···········6分(2)由(1)得,中,由正弦定理得,,所以,···········8分,所以···········9分又,所以···········10分所以···········12分19.【解析】(1)············1分當(dāng)時(shí),,函數(shù)在單調(diào)遞增;············2分當(dāng)時(shí),由得,;由得,.···········4分所以函數(shù)在單調(diào)遞減,在單調(diào)遞增.············5分綜上所述當(dāng)時(shí),函數(shù)在單調(diào)遞增;當(dāng)時(shí),函數(shù)在單調(diào)遞減,在單調(diào)遞增.············6分(2)解法一:由(1)得,當(dāng)時(shí),函數(shù)在單調(diào)遞增,最多有一個(gè)實(shí)根,不滿足條件··················7分當(dāng)時(shí),函數(shù)在單調(diào)遞減,在單調(diào)遞增.所以在時(shí),有最小值由得,.············8分所以,下面證明:設(shè),············9分當(dāng)時(shí),,單調(diào)遞減;當(dāng)時(shí),,單調(diào)遞增所以所以恒成立,即············10分又,所以函數(shù)在區(qū)間上各有一個(gè)零點(diǎn)·········11分所以當(dāng)時(shí),有兩個(gè)零點(diǎn).············12分解法二:由分離參數(shù)得,············7分設(shè),則,············8分由得,,在上單調(diào)遞增,由得,,在上單調(diào)遞減,············9分所以在處有最大值,············10分易知當(dāng)時(shí),;當(dāng)時(shí),,時(shí),,所以當(dāng)時(shí),與有兩個(gè)公共點(diǎn),············11分即函數(shù)有兩個(gè)零點(diǎn).············12分20.【解析】(1)取對(duì)角線AC,BD的交點(diǎn)O,因?yàn)镸、N分別為SA、SC的中點(diǎn),所以MN//AC,···········1分又平面ACE,平面ACE,所以MN//平面ACE;···········2分取SE的中點(diǎn)F,連結(jié)DN交CE于G,則NF//CE,又E為DF的中點(diǎn),所以G為DN的中點(diǎn),···········3分又O為BD的中點(diǎn),所以O(shè)G//BN.···········4分平面ACE,平面ACE,所以BN//平面ACE,···········5分又平面BMN,平面BMN,,所以平面平面ACE;···········6分(2)以為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn),所在直線為軸建立空間直角坐標(biāo)系.則,,···········7分設(shè),由得,所以,即,,···········8分設(shè)平面的一個(gè)法向量為,由可得,···········9分不妨設(shè),可得,···········10分設(shè)直線與平面所成的角為,則,···········11分所以直線與平面所成角的正弦值為.···········12分21.【解析】(1)由拋物線的定義得,···········2分所以,的方程為.···········4分(2)假設(shè)存在實(shí)數(shù)t,使得與圓相切.當(dāng)為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn)時(shí),由與圓相切得,,直線的方程為,由直線與圓相切得,解之得或當(dāng)時(shí),三點(diǎn)重合,舍去.···········6分下面證明當(dāng)時(shí),滿足條件.設(shè),則直線的方程為:······················7分因與圓相切,所以即······················8分同理由與圓相切得,······················9分即為方程的兩根,所以······················10分到直線的距離為所以直線與圓相切.···········11分因此存在實(shí)數(shù),使得使得直線與圓相切.···········12分22.【解析】(1)解法一:設(shè)圓上任意一點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)為,則,由余弦定理得······················2分化簡(jiǎn)得······················4分圓的極坐標(biāo)方程為······················5分解法二:以極點(diǎn)為坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn),極軸為軸建立直角坐標(biāo)系,則圓心的直角坐標(biāo)為,···········1分圓的方程為,即,······················3分由,得圓的極坐標(biāo)方程為······················5分(2)將代入圓的極坐標(biāo)方程得,設(shè)點(diǎn)的極坐標(biāo)分別為,則=1\*GB3①·····················6分由,得,即,······················7分代入=1\*GB3①解得,故,······················8分即故.······················10分23.【解析】(1)解法一:······················2分所以······················4分所以.當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)時(shí)等號(hào)成立.······················5分解法二:······················4分當(dāng)
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