同位語從句課件高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)

01狀語從句02定語從句03名詞性從句從句類型

名詞性從句

nounclause主語從句subjectclause

賓語從句objectclause

表語從句predicativeclause

同位語從句appositiveclauseWhatTuYouyoureallycaresaboutisnotmoneyorcelebrity.TuYouyouandherteambelievedthattheycanfindthetreatmentformalariainancientChinesemedicaltexts.ThequestiononcetroubledTuYouyouwashowtodrawextractfromthesweetwormwood.NounClausesAppositiveClauses同位語從句一、什么是同位語apposition？1.Tom,ourmonitor,isahandsomeboy.2.Imyselfwilldotheexperiment.3.Sheistheoldestamongthemsix.同位語：常位于名詞或代詞后面，對該名詞或代詞作進一步的解釋說明，并與其在語法上處于同等地位。名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞等均可充當(dāng)同位語。二、同位語從句：同位語由一個句子充當(dāng)ThenewsthatTuYouyouwontheNobelPrizesurprisedtheworld.從句news名詞引導(dǎo)詞總結(jié)：同位語從句結(jié)構(gòu)____________+______________+________________名詞連接詞從句Iheardthenewsthatwewouldhavetwodaysoffthisweek.Thereissomedoubtwhetherheisfitforthejob.Thequestionwhatweshoulddonextisnotclear.Ihavenoideawherehehasgone.Shemadearequestthatweshouldhelpher.同位語從句說明的名詞大多是____________。常見的可接同位語從句的名詞有:抽象名詞news(word)新聞/doubt疑惑/question/problem問題

/idea想法

/request要求

/fact事實/reason

理由/thought想法/order

命令/hope希望/belief信念/message消息/possibility

可能性/

danger

危險

/warning警告

/information

信息/

decision

決定/

truth

真相...三、同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞用法從屬連詞that無成分，無意義whether無成分，意為“是否”連接代詞what,which,who,whom,…+ever,whose在從句中充當(dāng)主語，賓語，表語，定語連接副詞how,when,where,…+ever,why在從句中充當(dāng)狀語解題技巧：引導(dǎo)詞怎么填一判二判判斷是否是名詞性從句判斷從句是否缺成分、缺意義缺成分,缺意義不缺成分缺人：who/whom缺東東：what缺定語：“哪個”——which；“誰的”——whose不缺意義：that缺意義(時間、地點…)：when、where、why、how、缺“是否”：whetherIhavenoidea________hewillcomeback.Thenews_________BidenhasbeenelectedthepresidentoftheUnitedStatesistrue.Thequestion__________weneedmoretimetodotheworkhasnotbeendiscussed.ManyChineseparentsholdtheview________teenagersshouldn’tspendtoomuchtimeonline.Ihavenoimpression_________hewenthome,perhapsbybike.Ihavenoidea_________heisdoing.whenthatwhetherthathowwhat即學(xué)即練Point

1:

為了保持句子平衡，同位語從句有時可以不緊跟它說明的那個名詞后面，而是被其它的詞隔開，這種從句叫分割式同位語從句Theproblemwhethertheyshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasbeensolved.ThestorygoesthatWilliamTellkilledthekingwithanarrow.Wordcamethattheirteamhadwon.四、同位語從句的注意點Point

2:同位語從句的虛擬語氣：在表示“建議，勸說，命令”的名詞(advice,suggestion,request,proposal)等后面的同位語從句中，謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形”，should可省略Imadeaproposalthatweshouldgetupearlytomorrow.Myproposalisthatweshouldgetupearlytomorrow.Itisproposedthatweshouldgetupearlytomorrow.Iproposedthatweshouldgetupearlytomorrow.

一堅持insist二命令order,command三建議advise,suggest,propose四要求require,request,demand,desire四、同位語從句的注意點Point

3:

doubt的同位語從句

肯定句后用whether

否定句后用thatThereisnodoubtthatitwashisfriendthatplayedtricksonhim.Thereissomedoubtwhetherhecanadapttothenewsurroundingshere.Idoubtwhetherheisathome.Wedon’tdoubtthattheycancompletethetaskaheadoftime.四、同位語從句的注意點1Someholdthebelief_________theycanalwaysfindmorewaysofsolvingproblems.2Thedecision_________wewillhavethecelebrationnextmonthhasnotbeenmade.3Weworkashardaswecanintheknowledge_________oureffortswilleventuallypayoff.4Doesanyonehaveanyidea_________hashappenedtoPaul?Whyhasn'thecomeyet?5Sheraisedtheproblem_________wecouldimprovecommunicationbetweenmanagersandstaff.thatthatwhetherwhathow6Wehavejustreceivedawarning_________astormisontheway.Weneedtogetprepared.7Thereissomedoubtamongthestudents_________thetravelplanwillbecancelled.8Manypeoplerespondedpositivelytothesuggestion_____we__________(raise)moneyforlocalcharities.9Wehadaheateddiscussiononthequestion_________onlinelearningwasbettersuitedforhighschoolstudents.10MrSmithreallyhasnoidea_________iswrongwiththeirprogramme.thatwhetherwhetherthatwhatshouldraise11Thestatementbythedriverofthevehicle_____hedidn’tseethelorrywasrejectedbytheCourt.12Evidencecameup_____specificspeechsoundarerecognizedbybabiesasyoungas6monthsold.thatthat區(qū)別定從和同從同位語從句的定義常見的后跟同位語從句的名詞：fact(事實）,news(消息）,hope(希望），idea(主意），truth(事實），evdence（證據(jù)），suggestion（建議），problem/question（問題）,opinion（觀點）等常見的后跟定語從句的名詞：news,village,factory,place,thegirl,thebook,theday等都是抽象名詞?。?！可抽象可具體~~同位語從句的注意點定語從句和同位語從句的辨別that作不作成分是否知道名詞的內(nèi)容名詞和從句間加be，是否構(gòu)成表語從句Thenewsthattheywonthematchistrue.Thenewsthatyoutoldusyesterdayistrue.同位語從句PK定語從句：假定還原法同位語從句的注意點定語從句和同位語從句的辨別that作不作成分是否知道名詞的內(nèi)容名詞和從句間加be，是否構(gòu)成表語從句Thenewsthattheywonthematchistrue.Thenewsthatyoutoldusyesterdayistrue.同位語從句PK定語從句：假定還原法DoyoustillrememberthedayswhenwespentthewinterholidaysinHainan?when引導(dǎo)的是一個定語從句，先行詞days是表示時間的詞；Ihadnoideawhenyouwerehere.when引導(dǎo)的是一個同位語從句，被修飾的詞是idea，不表示時間．when,where,why引導(dǎo)定語從句時,先行詞分別是表時間，地點和原因的具體名詞；而三者引導(dǎo)同位語從句時，先行詞應(yīng)該是抽象名詞．區(qū)別定從和同從I’llneverforgetthetimewhenIwasayounggirl.Shehadnoideawhenthisaccidenthappened. 1949wastheyearwhenthePeople'sRepublicofChinawasestablished.Thisisthevillagewherehisgrandparentslive.區(qū)別定從和同從When,where，why引導(dǎo)同位語從句時，只起連接作用，沒有指代作用；When,where，why引導(dǎo)定語從句時，具有指代先行詞的作用，在從句中作狀語，可以轉(zhuǎn)換成“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”的形式。Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreally

encouraging.Summary(3):同位語從句與定語從句的不同之處在從句中充當(dāng)成分嗎？在從句中充當(dāng)成分嗎？that

同位語從句

定語從句不作成分，無意義，不能省指代先行詞，作成分，作賓語可省Tip:名詞與從句之間加上is,連接成句，則為同位語從句。Thenewsisthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatch定語從句用還原法Thenewsthatyoutoldus(thenews)Ihaveahopethatallofyouwillgotocollege.2.Ihatethefactthathetoldme.3.Ihatethefactthathealwaystellslies4.Titanicistheshipthatsankintotheocean.5.Hemadeanexcuse

thathiscarbrokedownontheway.同位語從句定語從句定語從句同位語從句同位語從句將兩個單句改寫為含有同位語從句的復(fù)合句.Ihaveasuggestion.suggestion:youshouldtreatmemoregently

Ihaveasuggestion.suggestion:youshouldtreatmemoregentlyIhaveasuggestionyoushouldtreatmemoregently.that同位語從句究竟是什么？Ihaveadream.dream:Icangetmorepocketmoney

Ihaveadream.dream:IcangetmorepocketmoneyIhaveadreamIcangetmorepocketmoney.thatIhaveaquestion.question:whytherearesomanypimplesonyourface

Ihaveaquestion.question:whytherearesomanypimplesonyourfaceIhaveaquestionwhytherearesomanypimplesonyourface.Readthesentencesbelowandticktheonewithappositiveclauses.1WehavenodoubtthatUNESCOistryingtoprotecttheheritagesites.2Thiswasthecluethathelpedthepolicefindthemanwhohaddestroyedtheancientstatues.對doubt內(nèi)容進行描述代替clue3Manypeopledonotknowthereasonwhythisheritagesiteisthreatened.4Thereisnoquestionwhetherweshouldprotectoursharedheritage--wesimplyhaveto.5IwanttoplanmytripbutIhavenoideawhenthetempleswillopen.why修飾reason對question內(nèi)容進行描述對idea內(nèi)容進行描述ChrismeetswithMissMatodiscussUNESCO’sworkrelatedtoheritagepreservation.Completetheconversationbelowwithproperlinkingwordstoformappositiveclauses.Chris:Sorrytointerruptyou,MissMa.I’mwritinganarticleaboutUNESCO’sworkonheritagepreservation.Canyoutellmesomethingaboutit?MissMa:Sure.In1972,theConventionConcerningtheProtectionoftheWorldCulturalandNaturalHeritagewasadoptedbytheGeneralConferenceofUNESCO.Exercise2:Chris:ButI’veheardsomepeoplehaveseriousdoubts_______theWorldHeritageConventionreallyhelps.MissMa:Sure,itdoes.Itlinkstheconceptsofnatureconservationandthepreservationofculturalpropertiestogether.ApartfromtheConvention,theWorldHeritageCommitteewasestablishedin1976andpassedthemotion_______weshouldprotectourculturalandnaturalheritagesites.whetherthatChris:Isee.CanyoutellmewhattheWorldHeritageCommitteedoes?MissMa:Ofcouse.Forexample,itvotestodeterminewhichsitesaretobelistedasUNESCOheritagessitesandmonitorsthestateofconservation.Chris:That’samazing.IsChinaoneoftheUNESCOStatesParties?MissMa:Yes.Doyouhaveanyidea_________ChinesepropertiesareontheWorldHeritageList?howmany1Thereissomedoubt_________wecanfinishtheworkontime.2Ihavenoidea________istobedonenext.3Wewereveryexcitedatthenews______ourfootballteamwon.4Someresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubt________acureforAIDSwillbefound.5Doyouhaveanyidea________isactuallygoingonintheclassroom?

whether

what

that

that

whatExercise3:6Alongwiththeletterwashispromise_______hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.7Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars________roadconditionsneedtobeimproved.8Thereisafeelinginme_________we’llneverknowwhataUFOis---notever.9Heputforwardthesuggestion_______themeetingshouldbeputoff.10Youcanhavenoidea_______hesaid.

that

that

that

that

whatChris:Yes,morethan50now.Forexample,theGrandCanal,theworld’slongestandoldestcanal,wason