【高教版】中職語文基礎(chǔ)上冊《寫作：應(yīng)用文 便條》教案

應(yīng)用文寫作一便箋（便條）和短信

一、概述

便條也是書信的一種形式。它的特點(diǎn)是內(nèi)容簡短，主要有臨時(shí)性的詢問、留言、通知、要求等。跟正

規(guī)書信相比，便條的語言比較口頭化，比如要通知某事只需這樣開頭：Justalinetotellyouthat...

而無須像正規(guī)書信那樣Thisistoinformyouthat...開頭。另外，在便條中常出現(xiàn)省略現(xiàn)象，例如：

“keytobackdoorisundermat."或者“keytobackdoorundermat."（后門鑰匙在墊子下面）

n

代之以"Thekeytothebackdoorisunderthemat.0

結(jié)束時(shí)也無需結(jié)尾禮詞，只需寫上寫便條者姓名。如果是關(guān)系比較近的人，則只需寫上姓或名。

便條的日期通常寫在右上角。一般只寫上星期幾或者星期幾上午或下午，也可寫上午、下午的具體時(shí)

刻。日常應(yīng)用中，寫上幾月幾日的也很普遍。但一般不寫年份，因?yàn)楸銞l的內(nèi)容多半是當(dāng)日或近日內(nèi)要辦

的事情。寫便條時(shí)，不得事先準(zhǔn)備，因此無固定格式，大多用手寫。

二、注意事項(xiàng)

1.詞句簡潔，盡量避免應(yīng)酬語和各種敬詞

2.切忌內(nèi)容空洞、言不達(dá)意。

三、分類舉例

1）請假（AskingforLeave）

例1

Directions：YouareabouttowriteaBusinessLeaveNoteofabout100words.Pleasedescribe

theseinformationclearly.

1）thereasonyouaskfortheleave

2）thetimeandhowlongyouwillleave

Class4,Grade3

Aug.22nd

ToDepartmentOffice

SecretaryLi,

I'msorrytoapplyfortenday'sleavefromtheAug.23rdtosept,3rdinstant.AsIhave

toleavewiththetimeisurgent.Myfathernowinthehospitalisbadlyill.Ihavetogoto

seehimandtakecareofhimforafewdays.YouknowItheonlychildinmyfamily.Ofcourse

Iwi11showyouthetelegramaboutmyfathersi11nesswhichisrecievedfrommymothertosupport

myapplication.

Asconcernasthemissedlessonsduringmyabsence,IpromiseIwilldomybesttocatchthem

onafterIcomebacktothecampus.Wishforyourallowance.

Yoursrespectfully

XXX

*本文是一封請假條，一般我們要向上級(jí)或老師請假，通常用的是ackforleave這個(gè)短語，請三天假

可寫作：askforthreedays'leave；因病請假則是askforsickleave,leave在這里是名詞用法，文

中用的短語是applyfor意為“申請”，含有更加鄭重的意味，常用于下級(jí)對(duì)上級(jí)或晚輩對(duì)長輩的書面語

中，“Onlychild”意為“獨(dú)生子女”相應(yīng)的，“獨(dú)生女”譯作“onlydaughter”而“獨(dú)生子”譯作“only

son”。Asconcernas.后面跟名詞性結(jié)構(gòu),意為“涉及到,至于“與Concerning同意，兩者可以互換。

例2

Directions：Yourfatherisseriouslyill,andyouwanttogobackhome.Writeanotetothe

secretaryanditshouldinclude.

1)thecauseforleaving；

2)thedays：from16thto21st；

3)Catchonthelessonafterreturningschool.

July5th

DearMissHuang,

Mysistercalledmelastnight,andshesaidthatmyfatherisdangerouslyill.Ibegtoapply

forsevendays"leaveofabsencefrom16thto21stinstant,inorderthatIcanseemybeloved

father.

Ishouldbemuchobiigedifyouwouldgrantmemyapplication.Asregardsthelessonstobe

missedduringmyabsence,Iwi11domybesttomakeupforthemassoonasIgetbackfromhome.

Sincerelyyours,

XXX

*本格式采用TheSemi-indentedForm(半縮進(jìn)式)，以前比較流行，現(xiàn)在人們也繼續(xù)采用。1should

bemuchobiigedifyouwou1d是一種客套語，表示“結(jié)果，我當(dāng)不勝感激。”“補(bǔ)課”的英文

是tomakeupforthelessons,assoonas意思是....就。

2)約請(Invitation)

例1

Directions：YouhaveatickettotheRussianNationalBalletTroupe,whichisvisitingand

youwanttogiveittoyourfriendAlice.Writeanotetoherandsay：

1)thetimeoftheshow,

2)theplacewhereyouwillwaitforher

Youshouldwriteabout100words.

Sunday

DearAlice,

Hereisapieceofgoodnewsforyou.TheRussianNationalBalletTroupe,whichisnowon

avisitinBeijing,willgiveaperformanceintheBeijingGrandTheatertomorrowevening.Iam

surethatyouwi11behappytowatchit.HereIleaveyouanadmissioncard.Theperformancewi11

beginatseveno'clocksharp.Iwi11waitforyouatthetheaterentrance.Pleaseletmeknow

whetheryouarepreventedfromcomingornot.

XXX

*約朋友一起去看戲，可是朋友不在家，只好留下票子和一張便條，但又怕朋友來不了，所以在便條最

后特地寫上“如果你來不了，告訴我一聲"(Please1etmeknowwhetheryouarepreventedfromcoming)

此文的waitfor也可以用expect代替。

3)道歉(Apology)

人非圣賢，孰能無過。在社會(huì)交往中，人們常常會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些疏忽、過失等。如果發(fā)生此類事情，就會(huì)

給對(duì)方帶來麻煩和不便。為了避免誤解，不影響感情，在這種情況下，應(yīng)寫信給對(duì)方予以解釋，以請求諒

解。

此類信要寫得及時(shí)，態(tài)度要誠懇，用詞需謙遜。一般在信一開始就向?qū)Ψ奖硎厩敢饣騼?nèi)疚，然后說明

原因并提出補(bǔ)救的辦法。

例1

Directions：Youhavemissedadateofyourfriend,nowyouhavetowritealetterfor

appologizationinabout100words.

May20th

DearLily,

IamsorryImissedseeingyouyesterday.Iknowthatyoumusthavebeendisappointed.Ialso

feelworriedandanxiousinmyheart.Thefactisthatmymanageratthelastmomentaskedme

toprepareaurgentplanwhileIcouldnotgettoaphonetocallyouandyesterdayIhaveworked

lateuntilabout8：30p.m.Iamterriblysorry.

However,Iwouldliketoaskyououtthisweekendtomakeupforyesterday.Pleasegiveme

achanceandIamwaitingforyourreply.

XXX

*臨時(shí)有事未能赴約，一定要把事情解釋清楚并真誠的道歉，最好能有彌補(bǔ)(tomakeup),就像這封

信里所說的那樣，邀請對(duì)方周末再碰頭(Iwouldliketoaskyououtthisweekend)注意英文句子you

musthavebeendisappointed中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+完成時(shí)態(tài)，表示過去行為。這句話應(yīng)該理解

為“你當(dāng)時(shí)一定感到很失望”。

例2

Directions：Youhavereceivedainvitationfromyourfriend,butyouhavealreadyhadsome

guestsinyourhouse.Pleaseexpressthereasonyoucan'tgoclearlyinabout100words.

6.April

DearLucy,

IdoappologizeforhavingtosendthisletteraboutSaturdaynight.

WhenIacceptedyourinvitation,IsimplyforgotthatSaturdaywasaholidayandthatmyown

guestswerenotleavinguntilSundaymorning.Itisdifficultformetomakeachoice.Though

Ialsowondertomeetyouverymuch.Icouldnotverywellgooutbymyselfandleavetheguests

atmyhome.

IhopeyouknowhowsorryIamnottobewithyouthisSaturday.ShouldImakeavisitto

youinmyothersparetime?

Thankyouverymuch.

XXX

*自己家里有客人，自然不方便再接受別人邀請去做客所以可以明正言順的表示拒絕或可另約時(shí)間。英

文要強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞，可以加上助動(dòng)詞，例如:

Idoapologizeforbeinglate.

Hedidcomeyesterday.

例3

Directions：Youarealreadyhaveadatewithyourfriendbutsuddenlyhaveanotherthingto

doandyouhavetotellyourfriendthatyoucan'tgo.Expressyourreasonclearlyinabout100

words.

Monday9：00a.m

DearJane,

IamsorrytotellyouthatIwon'tbeabletocomethisafternoonbecauseIhavetogoto

theairportat2：00p.m.tomeetanoverseasvisitorfromAustralia.Ireallyhavekeptour

datdinmymindal1thesedays,however,Ireceivedmyboss'e-mailthismorning,heaskedme

togototheairporttomeetoneofhisfriendsfromabroad,it'ssuddenlyandurgentandImust

go.Pleaseforgiveme.Wouldyoupleaseringmeuptomakeanothertime?

Manythanks.

XXX

*因有事而不能赴約，只能另約時(shí)間(tomake或tofixanothertime)0寫信人Bluce很可能是英

國人，因?yàn)樗?打電話”說成toringsomebodyup,美國人通常說tocallsomebody.英國人打電話還

可以說togivesomebodyaring,不要錯(cuò)以為別人要送你個(gè)戒指。與別人已經(jīng)定好的約會(huì)卻臨時(shí)不能赴

約時(shí)，應(yīng)說明原因并誠懇地道歉，以期獲得別人的諒解。

4)借物(Borrowing)

例

Directions：Youaregoingtowriteanoteforborrowingsth.pleasedeseribetheseinformation

clearly.

1)thethingyouask

2)detailedwhatyouaregoingtodowithit.

3)howlongwillyoutakeit.

Tuesday

DearXiaoWang：

IwonderifIcouldborrowyourelectronicdictionaryforafewdays.NowIamtranslating

someimportantarticles.TherearemanynewwordswhichIhavetolookupthedictionaryusually.

Ijusthaveapaperdictionarybutofcourseit'snotasconvenientastheelectronicone,

whichhasabadeffectuponmyvelocityofmytranslating.SoIthinkyourelectonicdictionary

ismoresuitableformetocompletemywork.IpromisethatImustbeverycarefulofyourdictionary

andmakenodamagedoneonit.Thankyouverymuch!

Yoursever

XXX

*字典是我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪谐Ｓ玫膶W(xué)習(xí)工具，但是千萬不能直接從字面上認(rèn)為“查字典"就是"check

thedictionary”,而應(yīng)該用“l(fā)ookup”這個(gè)固定短語來表達(dá)。

“影響……”有一個(gè)很地道的短語。“haveeffectupon/on"，后面接受影響的人或物，如果是積極

影響就在have和effect之間加agood,反之，就加"abad”其他的形容