第04講 一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別-【暑假自學(xué)課】2023年新九年級(jí)英語暑假課（仁愛版）（原卷版）

第頁第04講一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別1.定義不同：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，或者過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在；而過去時(shí)表示過去存在的狀態(tài)或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如Shewasverynaughtywhenshewas10yearsold.她十歲的時(shí)候十分淘氣。這里用過去時(shí)說明她過去（十歲時(shí)）存在的狀態(tài)（淘氣的狀態(tài)）。Hewenttotheparkyesterday.他昨天去公園了。這里用過去時(shí)說明過去（昨天）發(fā)生的動(dòng)作（去公園）。Shehasfinishedherhomework.她已經(jīng)完成她的作業(yè)。這里要用完成時(shí)說明完成作業(yè)這個(gè)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生和結(jié)束。Shehasbeenherefortenyears.她已經(jīng)住在這里十年了。這里要用完成時(shí)說明她住在這里這個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（10年了），而且還可能一直延續(xù)下去。2.強(qiáng)調(diào)重點(diǎn)不同，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在，強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)和動(dòng)作；而過去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)（現(xiàn)在那個(gè)狀態(tài)已經(jīng)不存在了）。Theoldmandiedyesterday.那老人昨天死了。強(qiáng)調(diào)死亡發(fā)生在昨天。Theoldmanhasdied.那老人已經(jīng)死了。強(qiáng)調(diào)死亡成為事實(shí)，die這個(gè)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。Theoldmanhasbeendeadforabout20hours.那老人死了大約20個(gè)小時(shí)了。強(qiáng)調(diào)bedead這個(gè)狀態(tài)持續(xù)了約20個(gè)小時(shí)了。3.所接的時(shí)間狀語不一樣，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)跟模糊的時(shí)間狀語連用或不用時(shí)間狀語；過去時(shí)通常跟具體過去時(shí)間狀語連用。常跟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用的時(shí)間狀語有：sofar,till,until,Inthepasttenyears,uptonow,since…ago,for…,now,already,yet,ever,never,before,recently,lately等。常跟過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語：yesterday,lastweek,lastyear,lastmonth,thedaybeforeyesterday,justnow,in1980等過去的時(shí)間。常見的同時(shí)可以用在過去時(shí)和完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語：thismorning,tonight,before,recently,lately.例子：Ihavehad10dictionariesuptonow.Shehasfinishedhertestinpastyears.Ihaven’tseenyoubefore.Theyhavebeenthereforalongtime.Nowhehasgrownup.Ifinishedmyhomeworkthismorning.Ihavefinishedmyhomeworkthismorning.Shewas1.5meterslastyear.Nowshehasbeenmuchtaller.注意：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常不跟過去時(shí)間連用。如果句子中出現(xiàn)yesterday,lastweek等過去時(shí)間，要用過去時(shí)。4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)使用時(shí)易錯(cuò)的地方：過去分詞規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化弄錯(cuò)，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞要特別記憶；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不跟過去時(shí)間狀語連用，除通用時(shí)間狀語外?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)部分時(shí)間狀語用法和位置搞錯(cuò)：Ever曾經(jīng)，用于肯定句或一般疑問句，放在句中；Never從不，帶有否定意思，相當(dāng)于not，放在句中；Just剛剛，用于肯定句中，放在句中；Already已經(jīng)，用于肯定句中，放在句中；Yet用于疑問句中是“已經(jīng)”的意思，用于否定句中是“尚（否定）”的意思，都放在句子末尾Now（現(xiàn)在）和justnow（剛才）搞錯(cuò)，now用于完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，justnow用于過去時(shí)。Havebeetto,havegoneto,havebeenin區(qū)別不開。一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．—Areyougoinganywhere?—I________aboutvisitingmysister,butIhavechangedmymind.A．think B．havethought C．willthink D．thought2．We____________treeslastSunday.Sofarwe__________over3,000treesthere.A．planted;planted B．planted;haveplantedC．haveplanted;planted D．haveplanted;haveplanted3．—________you________aletterfromyourbrothersofar?—Yes,I________aletterfromhimyesterday.A．Have;got;got B．Have;got;havegotC．Did;get;got D．Did;havegot;got4．—________didyouruncleleaveforthecapitalofDenmark?—Letmesee.He________fornearly2months.A．When;hasleft B．Howlong;hasbeenawayC．Howlong;hasleft D．When;hasbeenaway5．—Couldyoutellmewhenyou________thenewsmartphone?

—Well,I_______itforamonth.A．havebought;havehad B．bought;havebought C．havebought;havekept D．bought;havehad6．Myson________upyetbecausehe________tobedlatelastnight.A．hasn’tgot;went B．didn’tget;wentC．didn’tget;hasgone D．hasn’tgot;hasgone7．—WillyougoandseethemovieWildWindswithme?—Thankyou.ButI________ittwice.A．saw B．haveseen C．willsee8．Mrs.Green________manyplacesofinterestsinceshecametoChinathreeyearsago.A．visit B．visited C．willvisit D．hasvisited9．Theyoungwoman________amillionairesinceherfather_________twoyearsago.A．hasbeenmarriedto;died B．hasmarriedto;diedC．hasbeenmarriedto;dead D．hasmarried;dead10．Youaretoolate.ThetraintoBeijing_______.A．willleave B．hasleft C．isleaving D．wasleaving11．—Where________MissZhang_________?Ican’tfindher.

—ShewenttotheUSAtwomonthsago.A．has,goneto B．did,goto C．had,been D．has,gone12．We________inthisschoolforovertenandahalfyears.A．a(chǎn)re B．were C．havebeen D．willbe13．PremierZhou________formanyyears,buthestilllivesintheheartsofChinesepeople.A．died B．wasdiedC．hasbeendead D．hasbeendied14．—Whereisyourfather?—HewenttoAustraliaforameetingandhe________Sydneyfortwoweeks.A．hasbeenin B．wentto C．hasbeento D．hasgoneto15．LastweekI________anewbicycle.I________itforeightdays.A．havebought,bought B．bought,haveboughtC．bought,bought D．bought,havehad16．Myuncle________inthisbank________hecametoLondon.A．worked;for B．hasworked;since C．hasworked;for17．—When________youbegintoplaythepiano?—In1990.I________thepianoforabout30years.A．did;played B．have;play C．did;play D．did;haveplayed18．Howtimeflies!Tenyears________sinceI________thearmy.A．havepassed;joinedin B．passed;havejoined C．haspassed;joined D．passed;joined19．Alice________in2018andshe________ahappyfamilysince2018.A．gotmarried;had B．hasbeenmarried;hashad C．gotmarried;hashad D．hasbeenmarried;had20．—Howlongisitsincehe______thisschool?—He______forthreeyears.A．hasleft;hasleft B．left;hasbeenaway C．leaves;hasleft D．left;hasleft二、完形填空ItseemsthatShanghaistudentsarenotashappyastheyshouldbe.That’s___21___anarticleinalocalnewspapersaidsometimeago.The___22___didasurveyofsomestudents.It___23___themiftheywerehappy.60%ofthestudentssaidtheywerehappy,___24___almost40%saidtheywereunhappy!However,whenthepaperasked___25___studentsthesamequestion,almost90%said,yes,theywerehappy.It’spretty___26___whenyouthinkaboutit.Thosestudentswhohaveadisability（殘疾）are___27___thantheir“healthier”classmatesorschoolmates.Asateacher,whenIasked___28___studentsiftheywerehappy,mostsaidyes.Buttheyalsosaidtheyhadalotof___29___:toomuchhomework,notenoughfreedom,notenoughmoney.Andsome_____30_____thefuture,suchasgoingintoagooduniversityandgettingagoodjob.Clearly,somestudentssolvethispressurebetterthanothers,andthedeafstudentsseemtosolvethepressurebestofall.Theydon’t_____31_____thepressuregetthemdown（沮喪）.Icanonlyimaginewhythisis.Maybeithasalottodo_____32_____“overcomingadversity（克服逆境）”.Thedeafstudentshavetodealwithabigproblemintheirlives.Theycan’t_____33_____,sotalkingtootherpeopleisverydifficult,ifnotimpossible.Tocommunicatewith_____34_____,theyhavetolearnsignlanguage.Afterlearningto“sign”,theyfindnewfriendsandthey_____35_____findthejoythatcomeswith“overcomingadversity”.Wecanalllearnalessonfromthesedeafstudents.21．A．where B．what C．which D．how22．A．paper B．teacher C．school D．country23．A．ordered B．described C．hoped D．a(chǎn)sked24．A．but B．or C．so D．because25．A．lazy B．clever C．deaf D．healthy26．A．moving B．surprising C．exciting D．delicious27．A．sadder B．bigger C．lower D．happier28．A．my B．his C．her D．your29．A．joy B．pressure C．homework D．hobbies30．A．a(chǎn)greewith B．cutdown C．worryabout D．blowout31．A．let B．take C．want D．like32．A．on B．with C．for D．to33．A．talk B．see C．feel D．hear34．A．others B．other C．theother D．a(chǎn)nother35．A．too B．either C．a(chǎn)lso D．still三、語法填空Recently,aforeignstudentinChinagaveaverytouchinganswertothequestion:WhatshouldChinabeproudof?Itwas___36___(wide)spreadonline.EmmaisfromCanada.ShecametoChinafouryearsago.Nowsheis___37___universitystudentinNingbo.ThefollowingisChinainhereyes.“___38___(find)ajobinChinacanbereallysimple.Therearemorejob___39___(chance)herethananyothercountryintheworld.”“Itspublicsecurityisgreat.I___40___(travel)manycountriessofar,andIthinkChinaisreallysafe.”“About400millionChinesearestudyingEnglish.Chinahasbecomethecountry___41___hasthegreatestnumberofEnglishspeakersinnon-Englishspeakingcountries.”“ThespeedofChinesetrainsishigh.Onmy___42___(three)visittomyfriendinBeijing,Itookatrainthere.FromNingbo___43___Beijing,thetrainruns1,365kilometersforonlysevenhours.”“Ithinkthere___44___(be)manymorethingsChinashouldbeproudof.IbelieveChinamustbemuch____45____(good)thanothercountries.”閱讀理解ADoyougetangrywhenyourfriendssingloudlywhileyouareworking,orwhenyourbestfrienddoesnotwaitforyouafterschool?Ifyoudo,youneedtotakecontrolof(控制)yourfeelingsandstopgettingangrysoeasily.Gettingangrywithpeoplecanmakeyoulosefriends.GaryEgeberg,anAmericanhighschoolteacher,haswrittenMyFeelingsAreJustLikeWildAnimalstohelpyoucontrolyourfeelings.Ittellsteenshowtostaycoolwhenbadthingshappentothem.Thebooksaysthatgettingangryonlymakesproblemsworse.Itcannevermakethembetter.Gettingangryisnotanatured(本性的)waytoact.Itisjustabadhabit,likesmoking.Thebooksaysyoucancontrolyourangereasily—allyouhavetodoistotellyourselfnottobeangry.Whenababyfallsover,itonlycriesifpeoplearewatchingit.Likeababy,youshouldonlygetangryifyouaresureitistherightthingtodo.Thebookgivesmanytipstohelpyouifyougetangryeasily.Herearethetopthree:①Keeparecord.Everytimeyougetangry,writedownwhyyouareangry.Lookatitlaterandyouwillseeyougetangrytooeasily.②Askyourfriendstostoptalkingtoyouwhenyougetangry.Thiswillteachyounottobeangry.③Dosomethingdifferent.Whenyougetangry,walkawayfromtheproblemandgosomewhereelse.Trytolaugh!46．Thewriterthinksthatifyougetangryeasilyyouwill________.A．getillveryeasily B．loseyourfriends C．putonweighteasily D．eatless47．MyFeelingsAreJustLikeWildAnimalsisa________.A．story B．book C．picture D．film48．Inthefourthparagraph,theunderlinedword“it”refersto________.A．thebook B．a(chǎn)nger C．thehabit D．thebaby49．MyFeelingsAreJustLikeWildAnimalsdoesn’ttellusto________ifwegetangryeasily.A．keeparecord B．a(chǎn)skourfriendstostoptalkingtousC．takecontrolofourfeelings D．dosomethingdifferent50．Thewriterwantstotellus________.A．nottogetangry B．toworkhardatschool C．todomoreexercise D．tohelpeachotherBAngerisakindoffeeling.Manythingscanmakeyouangry.Whenyourteachergivesyoutoomuchhomework,whenyourteamlosesanimportantgame,whenafriendborrowsyourfavoritethingandthenbreaksit,youmaygetreallyangry.Usually,yourbodywilltellyouwhenyouareangry.Forexample,youbreathe（呼吸）faster,yourfaceturnsred,andyoumaywanttobreaksomethingorhitsomeone,butsometimes,youhideyouranger.Forexample,youmayhideitinyourheart.Theproblemisthatifyoudothis,youmaygetaheadacheoryourstomachmayhurt.Infact,it’snotgoodtohideyouranger,andit’snormalforyoutogetangrysometimes.Butangermustbeletoutintherightway,withouthurtingothersoryourself.Wh