高中英語譯林版選修一：Unit 4 Period 6　Extended reading Other parts-Language points

Period6Extendedreading&Otherparts—LanguagepointsⅠ.單詞拼寫1．Theboybentdowntogivethepupahug，andatthesametime，thepuplickedhisfacegently.2．Weallsighedwithreliefwhenthemeasuresdidthetrick.3．Manydistantvisitorscamejusttolookattheairport’sstriking(引人注目的)architectureandadmireitsuniquedesign.4．Havingundergoneaprocesscalledindustrialization，theUKbecameoneofthedevelopedcountries.5．Encounteringdifficultieswhileyou’repursuingyourdreammeansthatyou’reontherighttrack.6．Chinahascontributedtothestabilityandbalanceofglobaleconomicdevelopment.7．Bothofthemarerepresentatives(代表)ofourcompanytojoinintheexhibition.8．Thebadnewscastashadowovereveryone’sheart，whichmadetheatmospheredepressing.9．Aftergoingthroughnumerousfailures，hefinallysucceededasanovelist.10．DuFu’spoetryischaracterizedbytherealisticstyle，whichisreferredtoas“poetichistory”．Ⅱ.詞形變化填空1．Withherfirstnovelpublishedandsellingwell，wecansaysheisasuccessfulnovelist.(novel)2．Iwillnottoleratethatsortofbehaviorinmyclass.What’smore，noonewillbetolerantofthat.(tolerate)3．Heisdistinguishedforhisknowledgeofeconomicsandheisexpectedtobeadistinguishedeconomist.(distinguish)4．Iwaschosenasarepresentativetodeliveraspeechrepresentingourschool.(represent)5．Ourgovernmenthastakenmeasurestokeepthemarketstable.Peaceandstabilityareessentialforusordinarypeople.(stable)Ⅲ.完成句子1．Withmuchworktodoeveryday，hehasnotimetorelax，whichmakeshislifedullandboring.每天都有很多工作要做，他沒有時間放松，這使他的生活枯燥乏味。2．Presentatthemeetingaresomeimportantfigures，whoarerepresentativesoftheircompanies，andwhoarealsoimportantpolicy-makersoftheircompanies.出席會議的是一些重要人物，他們是他們公司的代表，也是他們公司的重要決策者。3．Thenovel“GonewiththeWind”wasclassicalandwastranslatedintoChineseentitled“Piao”．小說“GonewiththeWind”非常經(jīng)典并被譯為漢語，命名為《飄》。advocatevt.擁護(hù)，支持，提倡n．擁護(hù)者，支持者；辯護(hù)律師advocatedoingsth支持/提倡做某事advocatethat＋sb(should)dosth擁護(hù)/支持/提倡……單句語法填空/一句多譯(1)Manyexpertsadvocaterewarding(reward)thechildrenfortheirgoodbehavior.(2)Itisapparentthatheisanadvocateofthenewpolicy.(3)為了保護(hù)環(huán)境，我們提倡回收和再利用紙張和塑料。①Inordertoprotectourenvironment，weadvocaterecyclingandreusingpapersandplastics.(advocatedoing)②Inordertoprotectourenvironment，weadvocatethatpapersandplastics(should)berecycledandreused.(advocatethat...)claimn．聲明，宣稱；所有權(quán)；索賠vt.宣稱，聲稱；要求；索??；獲得·claimtodosth/that...聲稱……claimtohavedonesth聲稱做過某事Itisclaimedthat...據(jù)稱……·makeaclaim索賠單句語法填空/一句多譯(1)Itisclaimedthatthenewgallerytobecompletednextyearcanhold5,000people.(2)Thecompanyhasmadeaclaimfordamagescausedbythedelay(延誤)ofdelivery.(3)他聲稱他是這輛黑色汽車的主人。①Heclaimedtobetheowneroftheblackcar.②Heclaimedthathewastheowneroftheblackcar.③Hisclaimwasthathewastheowneroftheblackcar.tolerantadj.寬容的，容忍的；能耐……的(toleratevt.容忍；忍受tolerancen．寬容；忍耐力)·betolerantof...容忍……·tolerate(doing)sth忍受(做)某事·havetolerancefor...容忍……；忍受……單句語法填空/句型轉(zhuǎn)換(1)Thestubbornchefisnotverytolerant(tolerate)ofopinionsopposedtohisownopinion.(2)Theboycouldn’ttolerateotherpeople’smaking(make)noisesintheroom，sohewentout.(3)Awisemanisabletotolerateotherpeople’sperspectives.→Awisemanisabletobetolerantof/havetoleranceforotherpeople’sperspectives.distinguishvt.&vi.成為……的特征，使有別于；區(qū)分，辨別；認(rèn)出；使出眾(distinguishedadj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的)·distinguishbetween...and...區(qū)分/辨別……和……distinguish...from...使……有別于……distinguishoneself(as...)使某人自己(作為……)表現(xiàn)突出·bedistinguishedfor...因……而出名單句語法填空/完成句子(1)AsIgrowup，Icandistinguishbetweengoodandevil.(2)Hehasalreadydistinguishedhimselfasacomposer，whichmakeshisparentsproudofhim.(3)Asweallknow，theTangDynastyisdistinguishedforTangpoems.眾所周知，唐代是以唐詩而聞名的。(4)(應(yīng)用文寫作之建議信)Keepworkinghardandyouareboundtodistinguishyourselffromothers.繼續(xù)努力，你一定會與眾不同。representativeadj.典型的，有代表性的n．典型人物，代表性人物；代表(representv．代表；象征，描繪)·arepresentativeof...……的代表·represent...as...把……描繪成……representsthto(sb)向某人提出(意見，抗議等)單句語法填空/完成句子(1)Hecreatedasystemwithpatternsofsixraiseddotsrepresenting(represent)eachletter.(2)Theemperorwasrepresentedasavillain(壞人)intheplay.(3)Therepresentativesofthedistrictrepresentedtheiropinionstotheauthority.(4)(應(yīng)用文寫作之演講稿)Itisagreathonourtogiveaspeechhereasarepresentativeofallthestudentsofourschool.作為我們學(xué)校全體學(xué)生的代表在這兒做演講是一件很榮耀的事情。owevt.欠(情)；欠(債)·owesbsth/owesthtosb欠某人某物owesthtosb/sth把某事歸功于某人/某事oweittosbthat...把……歸功于某人·owingto因為，由于單句語法填空/完成句子(1)Thesuccessfulnovelistowedhisoutstandingachievementstohismother.(2)Ioweittoyouthatwehavemadesuchagreatbreakthroughinarchitecture.(3)Thanksforhelpingmeconstantly.Ioweyouafavo(u)r.謝謝你一直幫助我。我欠你一個人情。(4)Theartexhibitionwasputoffowingtothebadweather.由于天氣不好，這次藝術(shù)展覽被推遲了。blamevt.把……歸咎于，責(zé)怪，指責(zé)n．責(zé)任，責(zé)備，指責(zé)·betoblame(forsth)(對某事)負(fù)有責(zé)任，應(yīng)受責(zé)備blamesbforsth因某事責(zé)備某人；把某事歸咎于某人blamesthonsb/sth把某事歸咎于某人/某事·put/laytheblameforsthonsb將某事歸咎于某人bear/taketheblame(forsth)(對某事)承擔(dān)責(zé)任單句語法填空/完成句子(1)Blamed(blame)byhisteacherforcarelessness，theboywasupsetanddepressed.(2)Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning，andputtheblameonthealarmclock.(3)It’snotappropriatetoblameothersforyourmistakes.因為你的錯誤而責(zé)備別人是不恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?4)Manypeoplethinkthehotweatherispartlytoblameforthewatershortage.很多人認(rèn)為炎熱的天氣是水資源短缺的部分原因。獨立成分作狀語教材原句Givenhispersonalexperiencesandthehistoricalbackground，itisonlynaturaltoseethatthemajorityofLiBai’spoemsarecharacterizedbytheromanticstyle.有如此的個人閱歷和歷史背景，李白多數(shù)作品皆富浪漫主義色彩就不足為奇了。(P54)Givenhispersonalexperiencesandthehistoricalbackground是獨立成分作狀語，given在此意為“考慮到，鑒于”。同類用法的還有：generallyspeaking一般來說；franklyspeaking/tobefrank坦白地說；considering...考慮到……；totellyouthetruth/tobehonest說實話；judgingfrom/by...從……來判斷；comparedto/with...與……相比較；believeitornot信不信由你；supposing...假設(shè)……。這些結(jié)構(gòu)不用考慮邏輯主語，直接運用。單句語法填空/完成句子(1)Judging(judge)fromhisaccent，hemustbefromthesouth.(2)Totellyouthetruth/Tobehonest，theplasticequipmentfromabroadisnotofhighquality.說實話，這些來自海外的塑料設(shè)備質(zhì)量不高。(3)Comparedwithotherstudents，Mikeismorediligent.和其他學(xué)生相比，邁克更勤奮些。Ⅰ.一詞多義快速閱讀下列句子并選出句中加黑詞匯對應(yīng)的意思claimeq\x(A.v.聲稱B.v.奪去生命C.v.索賠D.v.認(rèn)領(lǐng))1．Thenewexpresscompanyclaimedtoprovidethebestserviceinthebusiness.A2．Thepolicesaidthatifnooneclaimsthewatch，youcankeepit.D3．Becausetheaccidenthadnotbeenherfault，Barbarawasabletoclaimdamages.C4．Theterriblefloodhasclaimedthousandsoflives.BⅡ.熟詞生義快速閱讀下列句子并猜測句中加黑詞匯的意思1．Youwillbeentitledtoyourpension(退休金)whenyoureach65.使享有權(quán)利2．Iwouldliketoexpressmydebttomyteacherswhohelpmealot.情義，恩情Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．IguaranteetopayoffmydebtswhenIgetmysalary.2．Withheraccompanying(accompany)ustotheexhibition，we’resuretohaveagoodtime.3．Discussed/Havingbeendiscussed(discuss)manytimes，thecomplexproblemwassolvedatlast.4．TherewasatimewhenIwassoupsetthatIwantedtoabandonmydream.5．Onthetopofthehillstands(stand)atowerwhichhasahistoryof500years.6．Irememberthatmyfirstencounterwiththefamouspainterwasinagallery.Ⅱ.選詞填空eq\x(breakwith，berootedin，distinguish...from，berecognizedas，makeallowancefor)1．ThisprincipleisdeeplyrootedinthemindsofChinesepeople.2．Youhavetomakeallowanceforthecostwhenmakingaplan.3．Theadaptationisrecognizedasaclassicandpopularwithmostpeople.4．Someexpertsthinkthatbreakingwithtraditionleadstoallsortsofsocialproblems.5．Accordingtotheresearch，babiescanevendistinguishtheirmothers’voicefromthatofastranger.Ⅲ.單句寫作(應(yīng)用文寫作之倡議書)1．我感到很榮幸能作為我們學(xué)校的代表作關(guān)于環(huán)境保護(hù)的演講。(representative)Ifeelhonouredtobearepresentativeofourschooltomakeaspeechaboutenvironmentalprotection.Considering/Givenourenvironmentisbeingseriouslydamaged，it’stimethatwetookmeasurestoprotecttheenvironment.3．我們學(xué)校提倡如果家不遠(yuǎn)的話每天步行去學(xué)校，而不是坐公交車。(advocate)Ourschooladvocateswalkingtoschooleverydayinsteadoftakingabusifourhomeisnotfar.4．在環(huán)境保護(hù)問題上，表現(xiàn)良好的學(xué)生將得到獎勵，而表現(xiàn)不佳的學(xué)生將受到指責(zé)。(reward，blame)Intermsofenvironmentalprotection，thestudentswhobehavewellwillberewarded，whilethosewhobehavebadlywillbeblamed.5．總之，我們決不能再容忍一些人繼續(xù)破壞我們的環(huán)境。(tolerate)Inaword，innocasecanwetoleratesomepeoplecontinuouslydestroyingourenvironment.Ⅳ.閱讀理解(2023·湖南師大附中高二上期中)InacitylikePittsburghthatisfullofuniversities，librariesandtheatres，celebratingNationalPoetryMonthiseasy.Stopbyanyofthefollowingeventstolearnmoreaboutpoetry，presentyourownpoetry，orhearreadingsoffamouspoems.PoetryExchangeWorkshopBrentwoodPublicLibraryStartNationalPoetryMonthoffrightbyheadingtothismonthlypoetryworkshoptolistentopoetsreadtheirworks，haveyourworkscritiquedandlearnsomenewpoetrywritingskills.Asmall$2donationtothelibraryisencouraged.Ifyouarebringingsomeofyourpoemstosharewithotherpoets，bringmultiplecopies.WhitmanPoetryReadingsCoffeeTreeRoastersTheWhitmanPoetryReadingshostsamonthlypoetryreadingbyafamousAmericanpoetfollowedbyadiscussionaboutthepoet’sworks.TheeventisfreelikePoetryExchangeWorkshopandisheldinaquietprivatebackroomatCoffeeTreeRoasters.WordCircusMostWantedFineThiseventatChathamUniversityishostedbytheMFACreativeWritingProgrameveryFridaynight.Freetostudentsandthegeneralpublic，thiseventshowcasesstudentwritersastheypresenttheirworksandencouragesattendeestostepuptotheopenareaandshareasmanyasthreeoftheirownpoemswiththecrowd.CMUPoetryDiscussionGroupCarnegieLibraryJointhismonthlypoetrydiscussiongroup，whichbillsitselfasalivelyconversationaboutwell-lovedpoets.ForPoetryMonth，RitaDove’sworkswillbediscussed.DoveservedastheyoungestandfirstAfrican-AmericanPoetLaureateoftheUnitedStatesandwasthePulitzerPrizeinPoetrywinnerin1987.Admissiontothiseventisfreebutregistrationisencouraged.語篇解讀本文是一篇發(fā)布在匹茲堡市地方媒體的詩歌活動通知，其中有四個不同的詩歌活動各具特色。1．Whicheventwillaloverofpoetryattendtoimprovehisorherwritingskills?A．PoetryExchangeWorkshop.B．WhitmanPoetryReadings.C．WordCircus.D．CMUPoetryDiscussionGroup.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)PoetryExchangeWorkshop中“...haveyourworkscritiquedandlearnsomenewpoetrywritingskills.”可知，詩歌愛好者會參加PoetryExchangeWorkshop來提高他/她的寫作技能，故選A。2．Whatdothesepoetryeventshaveincommon?A．Requiredregistration.B．Freeentrance.C．FeaturingAmericanpoets.D．Livelydiscussion.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。四個活動都提到了入場免費，其中第一個活動的免費信息出現(xiàn)在第二個活動的介紹中，故選B。3．Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A．Anautobiography.B．Alocalnewspaper.C．Acourseplan.D．Apoetrytextbook.答案B解析文章出處題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知，在一座像匹茲堡這樣充滿大學(xué)、圖書館與劇院的城市，慶祝全國詩歌月是一件容易的事情，本文最可能出自匹茲堡市的當(dāng)?shù)氐胤矫襟w。Ⅴ.完形填空Attheageofnine，Iwastakingswimminglessonsatapool.ThedayhadarrivedwhenIwastobetestedtoseeifIcould1ahigherlevelclass.Fifteenofuswereto2swimmingfromonesideofthepooltotheotherandback.Iwatchedasmy3，onebyone，triedandfailed.Thenitwasmyturntoswim，Imean，myturntoattempttopassthetest.IwasabouthalfwaywhenIgot4，soIimmediatelystoppedand5thesideofthepool，endingmytest.Ourinstructor，acollegestudent，wasstanding6me.“Whydidyoustop？”heyelled，inalessthan7voice.“Igotwaterinmynose，”Iexplained.That’swhenthiscollegestudent8meoneoflife’sgreatlessons，9heprobablyneverrealizedthat.Bendingdown，heshouted，“So？”“So？”Thequestionshockedme.Ithadjustseemedreasonabletomethattheanswertopainwastoremovethethingcausingthe10.Mynine-year-oldbrainhadnotunderstoodthefactthatavaluable11isworthachieving,howeverdifficulttogetthere.Recognizingthat，Iwas12nothingwouldkeepmefromcompletingthetest.Infact，Ididitrathereasilyatmynextattempt.Seeingme13thetest，almostalltheothersdidsoaswell.Lifeisajourney，andtheroadwon’t14beeasy.Wehavetofocusonthefinaldestination，notthe15alongtheroad.語篇解讀本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者從參加游泳測試的經(jīng)歷中領(lǐng)悟到人生是一段旅程，道路不會輕松，我們必須專注于最終目標(biāo)。1．A.make B．letC．join D．try答案C解析make制作；let讓；join加入；try嘗試。根據(jù)后句“ahigherlevelclass”可知作者即將參加測試看能否進(jìn)入一個更高層次的班級。故選C。2．A.taketurns B．insistonC．takerisks D．putoff答案A解析taketurns輪流；insiston堅持；takerisks冒險；putoff拖延，推遲。根據(jù)下文“onebyone(一個接一個)”可知他們輪流游泳。taketurnsdoingsth輪流做某事。故選A。3．A.competitors B．classmatesC．students D．instructors答案B解析competitor競爭者；classmate同學(xué)；student學(xué)生；instructor教練。根據(jù)上句“Fifteenofusweretoswimmingfromonesideofthepooltotheotherandback.”可知作者在觀看同學(xué)游泳。故選B。4．A.injured B．blamedC．offered D．choked答案D解析injure使受傷；blame責(zé)備；offer提供；choke使窒息。根據(jù)下句“soIimmediatelystopped”可知，作者出現(xiàn)了問題，不能繼續(xù)游泳了。getchoked被噎住。故選D。5．A.pushed B．pressedC．reached D．controlled答案C解析push推；press按，壓；reach到達(dá)，抓??；control控制。因為是在游泳池里，所以“匆忙地到達(dá)游泳池邊，避免發(fā)生危險”，故選C。6．A.above B．belowC．behind D．beyond答案A解析根據(jù)下文的“Bendingdown”和常識可知，作者在水里，老師在游泳池外面，自然是站在“上方”，故選A。7．A.surprised B．sympatheticC．a(chǎn)mazing D．cold答案B解析surprised感到吃驚的；sympathetic同情的；amazing驚人的；cold冷漠的。根據(jù)上文“IwasabouthalfwaywhenIgot，soIimmediatelystoppedandthesideofthepool，endingmytest.”可知中途結(jié)束測試就意味著失敗；再根據(jù)“Whydidyoustop？”可知教練并不同情作者，故選B。8．A.delivered B．owedC．taught D．promised答案C解析deliver遞送；owe虧欠；teach教；promise許諾。根據(jù)“oneoflife’sgreatlessons”可知，大學(xué)生教練給作者上了人生中重要的一課。故選C。9．A.sothat B．a(chǎn)sifC．incase D．evenif答案D解析句意：就在那個時候，這個大學(xué)生給我上了人生中重要的一課，雖然他很可能從未意識到這一點。此處是evenif引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。故選D。10．A.disaster B．discomfortC．damage D．fear答案B解析disaster災(zāi)難；discomfort不適，不安；damage損害；fear害怕。作者鼻子進(jìn)水引起的是不適。故選B。11．A.result B．a(chǎn)dvantageC．goal D．task答案C解析result結(jié)果；advantage優(yōu)勢；goal目標(biāo)；task任務(wù)。根據(jù)空格后“isworthachieving”可知此處指值得實現(xiàn)的目標(biāo)。故選C。12．A.concerned B．sensitiveC．embarrassed D．sure答案D解析concerned關(guān)心的；sensitive敏感的；embarrassed尷尬的；sure確信的。根據(jù)“Recognizingthat”以及“nothingwouldkeepmefrom...”可知，認(rèn)識到這一點以后，作者確信沒有什么能阻止他完成測試。故選D。13．A.attend B．takeC．give D．pass答案D解析attend參加；take拿；give給；pass通過。根據(jù)“Ididitrathereasilyatmynextattempt”可知，作者通過了考試。故選D。14．A.always B．sometimesC．ever D．seldom答案A解析根據(jù)“Lifeisajourney”以及常識可知，人生就是一段旅程，不會總是一帆風(fēng)順的。故選A。15．A.sights B．difficultiesC．surprises D．harvests答案B解析sight風(fēng)景；difficulty困難；surprise意外之事；harvest收獲。根據(jù)“Wehavetofocusonthefinaldestination”以及上文作者因為鼻子進(jìn)水而放棄測試可知，我們必須關(guān)注最終的目的地，而不是道路上的困難。故選B。Ⅵ.語法填空YouhavejustcelebratedtheSpringFestivalwithyourfamily.While1.(prepare)forthemostimportantholidayoftheyear，youmaycomeacross2.animalsignfromtheChinese