01.冠詞與數(shù)詞及主謂一致-2022年上海名校高中自主招生英語直通車

第頁第01第01講：冠詞與數(shù)詞及主謂一致考點(diǎn)歸納、考前鞏固、真題鏈接 考點(diǎn)歸納一、 冠詞與數(shù)詞定冠詞the: ⑴ 用于前面已說過的人或事，也可用于說話方、聽話方都知道的共同指代事物前 ⑵ 序數(shù)詞、最高級(jí)、江河、山脈、群島、特指事物(如定語從句)、獨(dú)一無二的事物、報(bào)刊、樂器、某些專有名詞前；用于某些名詞前表抽象意義，如bepleasedtotheeye ⑶ 特指一家人、一類人:theGreens(此時(shí)將其視作復(fù)數(shù)對(duì)待),thepoor,thedisabled ⑷ 某些固定搭配，如themore…themore,patsb.ontheshoulder,etc.零冠詞: ⑴ gotoschool與gototheschool/inclass與intheclass/attable與atthetable/infrontof與inthefrontof/takeplace與taketheplaceof/thethreeofus與threeofus等 ⑵ 表示玩球時(shí)，球類名詞前為零冠詞；季節(jié)、月份、節(jié)假日、日期、星期、稱呼、三餐等名詞前為零冠詞(注:球類名詞前可加the，如theballoverthere) ⑶ 用于復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前表不定指；某些表示時(shí)間的詞前為零冠詞，如nextweek,atnight ⑷ 普通職稱、頭銜前一般零冠詞，如PresidentKennedy不定冠詞a與an: ⑴ 用于名字前，表示不確定的某人 ⑵ 第一次提到某事物或表示一類事物前；用于某些單位前(tenmilesanhour/paybythehour) ⑶ 特殊結(jié)構(gòu)，如manya/an；某些不可數(shù)名詞具體化時(shí)，多需加a/an，如knowledge注意某些情況下有無冠詞的區(qū)別，如thedoctorandthelawyerthedoctorandlawyer時(shí)間、數(shù)字、分?jǐn)?shù)等的正確表達(dá)以及ahundred與hundredsof/unitsix與thesixthunit注意特殊的數(shù)詞表達(dá)方式: ⑴ twodozen(num.)eggsdozens(n.)ofeggs(將dozen等詞視作hundred解題) ⑵ 幾十年代inthe+數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)，如inthe1990s(inthe1990’s/inthenineteennineties)

在某人的幾十歲時(shí)inone’s+數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)(整十?dāng)?shù))二、 主謂一致一些名詞:(斜杠分隔不同種類的名詞，每一類名詞僅舉數(shù)例)a. police,people,youth,cattle,poultry+v.(plural)b. furniture,knowledge,clothing,luggage,baggage,vegetation,machinery+v.(single)c. clothes,trousers/glasses/belongings,savings,surroundings,sufferings,understandings/ arms,goods,manners,suburbs,wages/theOlympicGames+v.(plural)d. politics,physics,mathematics,economics,electronics,theUnitedStates+v.(single)e. time/distance/weight/money+v.(usuallysingle)

e.g.$5isenough.Tenyearshavepassedsincehereturned.f. sheep,fish,deer,Chinese,Japanese,means,species,series,works+v.(singleorplural)

e.g.TheChinesespeakChinese.g. family,group,class,team,crew,staff,population,audience,committee,club,crowd,public, party,government+v.(singleorplural)h. potatoes,tomatoes,heroes,Negroes,mosquitoes+v.(plural)一些結(jié)構(gòu):正確理解“就近原則”，如題52 a. notonly…but(also)/neither…nor…/either…or…/not…but…/whether…or…/therebe(stand,lie,live,etc.)就近原則正確理解“就近原則”，如題52 b. each,every+n./neither,either+v.(single) c. both…and…/…and…常用復(fù)數(shù) d. Tom,aswellashisfriends,isgoingtothebar.(but,exceptfor,besides,alongwith,togetherwith,inadditionto,etc.)可視作插入語比較:2a. Theworkerandnovelistisgoingtoleave.Theworkerandthenovelistaregoingtoleave.2b. Morethanonestudentlikesbungeejump.Manyastudentlikesit.Fewlikethefilm.c. 30%oftheappleisbad.30%oftheapplesarebad.d. Therestofthewaterisn’tfittodrink.Therestofthebooksarefittoread.e. Tomisoneofthestudentswhohavebeengiventheprizes.Tomisthe(only,very)oneof thestudentswhohasbeengiventheprizes.f. Therich/pooraresinging.Thedyingboyiswaiting.Thegood/evilisthere.g. Apairofglassesisnotexpensive.Hisglassesarebroken.h. Whathewantsaremorebooks.Whathewantsismoremoney.i. Anumberofbooksareinteresting.Thenumberofthebooksisinteresting.j. Theremainingofthepeoplearehelpingus.Noneofthebooksis/areinteresting.k. Allissilent.(物)萬籟俱寂。(environment,sth.)Allaresilent.(人)鴉雀無聲。(people,sb.)l. Thiskindofbookssellswell.Booksofthiskindsellwell.某些數(shù)詞:a. alotof/plentyof+n.([C]or[U])+v.(singleorplural)b. some,any,every,no+-body,-one,-thing+v.(single)/all,some,any+n.(plural)+v.(plural)注意:a. ItisIthatamrightonthematter.b. Thatheboughtsomebooksyesterdayissurprising.c. AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.d. Doingalotofexercisesbenefitsusstudents.e. ItwasTom&JerrywhoIwantedtomeet.f. of問題:Thispairofshoesisgreat./Mostofthestudentsarehere.

對(duì)應(yīng)平衡結(jié)構(gòu):Theaudiencehaveseats.“s”提示此處audience不指一個(gè)整體，故用haveg. what,which,who,none,some,any,more,most等的謂語單復(fù)數(shù)由指代詞決定h. 帶all,most,half,part,rest,percent,one-third等詞的名詞詞組由中心詞決定謂語動(dòng)詞i. 當(dāng)并列主語指的是同一人、物或概念時(shí)，或and連接兩個(gè)含有every,each,no的名詞短語 時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù) 考前鞏固I. Putinthe,a,anor“/(whichmeansnoarticleisneeded)”.Samhadworkedthirtyyearsfor_____samecompanyandnowhehadtoretire.As_____signofgratitude,_____companyheld_____dinnerinhishonor.“Sam,”announced_____boss,“itismygreathonortopresent_____gifttoyouonbehalfof_____company.”Samwalkeddownto_____frontofthetableandaccepted_____giftwith_____pride.Itwas_____goldwatchandonitwaswritten“TofaithfulSamforthirtyyearsofservice”Samwept.“Iamat_____lossforwords.”Athome,Sam’swifelookedat_____goldwatchcritically.“Forthisyouworkedthirtyyears?_____cheapgold-platedwatch?”“It’s_____thought,dear,”answeredSam,“_____importantthingisthatIamnotworkinganymore.”Hiswifeheld_____goldwatchtoherearandsaid,“Neitherisyourwatch.”Benitaenjoyswearing_____jewelry.Theytoldmethattheyhad_____respectfortheiremployer.Thisis_____firsttimethatthechildhasseen_____elephant.Formanypeople,_____childhoodwasahappytime.Ittakes_____couragetobeginanewlifein_____strangecountry.Sheiswearing_____beautifuldresshermotherboughther.Ihad_____troublewith_____carthismorning.Athome,MilesDaviswillplay_____pianoeverynight.3_____OlympicGamesfor2008wereheldinChina.3Childrenshouldbetaughttobehavethemselvesat_____table.Ifyou’reinahurry,take_____taxi.Hewassentto_____prisonforstealing.Mywatchgainstwelveseconds_____day.(我的手表每天快12秒)TheChingDynastyinChina(清王朝)wasoverthrownin_____autumnof1911._____sickhavebeencured,_____losthavebeenfound,and_____deadhavebeenrevived.Whaton_____earthareyoudoing?Hekickedmein_____belly(肚子).II. Completethefollowingsentences,writingallthefiguresinwords.Couldyousendme____________(1,830本)copiesofLongmanDictionaryofContemporaryEnglish(1995)?Alicecountedthetreesasshewalked,andshestoppedat____________(第100棵那里).Inthatcity,___________(七分之一的在職婦女)havereceivedhighereducationandit’lltakethem___________(一刻鐘時(shí)間)tohaveeachclass.Couldyougiveme____________(三打雞蛋)and___________(兩公斤面粉).Itissaidthat____________(一條八英寸的魚)wascaughtinthelake.____________(20世紀(jì)60年代),mostChinese,regardlessofsex,woredarkjacketsandtrousers.Shelooks____________(50剛出頭);butinfactshe’salready___________(61歲了).____________(一千多本的小冊(cè)子)havebeengivenout.____________(在過去的幾年里),____________(成百上千的)newbusinesseshavesprungup.III. Chooseanacceptableverbform(aorb)fromthetwogiveninbrackets.Theirearnings(EQ\O(comes,a),EQ\O(come,b))to500dollarsaweek.TheNewYorkTimes(is,are)publisheddaily.TheUnitedNations(was,were)formedinSanFranciscoin1945.Thegovernment(is,are)doingitsbesttoboostproduction.Thefootballteam(is,are)havingbathsand(is,are)thencomingbackherefortea.Thepoultry(is,are)keptinthebackyard.Pancakeandsyrup(is,are)atastybreakfast.Milkingthecows,inadditiontoseveralotherchores,(was,were)hisresponsibility.Eachmenandeachwomenthere(is,are)askedtohelp.Thetenthandthelastchapter(was,were)translatedbyBob.ThenumberanddiversityofBritishnewspaper(is,are)considerate.Anoldermanoramaturewoman(is,are)neededforthisjob.TheStarsandStripes(is,are)theirnationalemblem.EitherTrinaorMaria(is,are)suretoknowtheanswer.Everychangeofseason,everychangeofweather,indeed,everyhouroftheday,(produces,produce)somechangeinthemagicalhuesandshapesofthesemountains.Manyaboy(was,were)disappointedafterseeingthefilm.Twomoredollars(is,are)missingfromthetill(收銀機(jī)抽屜)thismorning.Anumberofpages(is,are)highlypriced.Thenumberofpagesassignedfordailyreading(was,were)graduallyincreasedtotwelve.Atotalof50,000newbicycles(was,were)registeredintheyear.Theactualtotaloftheunemployed(is,are)believedtoexceed10,000.Two-thirdsofthepeoplepresent(is,are)againsttheplan.Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth(is,are)sea.Theselastthreeyears(has,have)beenfullofsurprise.Themajorityofthedamage(is,are)easytorepair.4Themajorityofcriminals(is,are)youngmen.4Allofthefruit(looks,look)ripe.All(is,are)eagertoleavenow.Fewofmyfamily(understands,understand)me.Thesetypeofcars(is,are)inexpensive.Theyoung(is,are)notalwaysromantic.Thebeautiful(is,are)notalwaysthesameasthegood.Whyheenteredthehouseandhowhemanagedtogetoutofitwithoutbeingnoticedbypeople(remains,remain)amysterytousall.Wateringtheflowersandlookingafterthechildren(is,are)allIhavetodoeveryday.She’stheonlyoneofthesewomenwho(plays,play)bridgewell.It’sIwho(am,is)toleaveatonce.It’smewho(am,is)responsiblefortheorganization.IV. Choosethebestanswer.Timfailedtoremembertheexactdateofthestorm,butheknewitwas_____Sundaybecauseeverybodywasat_____church. A./…the B.a…/ C./…a D.the…/Theideaoftravelingthrough_____spacetootherplanetsinterestsmanypeopletoday. A.a B.the C./ D.oneAlexanderGrahamBellinvented_____telephonein1876. A./ B.a C.one D.the_____calledjustnow,buthedidn’tmentionhisfullname. A.Mr.Green B.TheMr.Green C.AMr.Green D.ThatMr.GreenIspentmylastweekendwith_____. A.Palmer’s B.thePalmers’ C.thePalmers D.thePalmer’sOnewaytounderstandthousandsofnewwordsistogain_____goodknowledgeofbasicwordformation. A./ B.the C.a D.oneThecakesaredelicious.He’dliketohave_____thirdonebecause_____secondoneisrathertoosmall. A.a…a B.the…the C.a…the D.the…aAbullethitthesoldierandhewaswoundedin_____leg. A.a B.one C.the D.hisHisdaughterisalwaysshyin_____andsheneverdarestomakeaspeechto_____. A.thepublic…thepublic B.public…thepublic

C.thepublic…public D.public…publicPapermoneywasin_____useinChinawhenMarcoPolovisitedthecountryin_____13thcentury. A.the…/ B.the…the C./…the D./…/_____policemanasheis,hehasnorighttodosuchthings. A./ B.The C.A D.OneIknowyoudon’tlike_____musicverymuch.Butwhatdoyouthinkof_____musicinthisfilm? A./…/ B.the…the C.the…/ D./…theThetrainisrunning50miles_____. A.anhour B.onehour C.thehour D.ahourWhaton_____earthareyoutalkingabout? A.an B.the C./ D.aTheirvictoryis_____,forthey’velosttoomanymen.5 A.outofquestion B.outofthequestion C.outquestion D.ofquestion5Mostanimalshavelittleconnectionwith_____animalsof_____differentkindunlesstheykillthemforfood. A.the…a B./…a C.the…the D./…theAsarule,theyarepaid_____. A.byanhour B.bythehour C.byhour D.byhoursWewentrightroundtothewestcoastby_____seainsteadofdrivingacross_____continent. A.the…the B./…the C.the…/ D./…/Theyreceived_____oflettersabouttheirmagazine. A.dozen B.dozenanddozen C.score D.dozens_____ofthebuildingswereruined. A.Threefourth B.Three-forth C.Three-fourths D.Three-forthsTheOlympicGames_____held_____. A.is…eachfouryears B.are…eachfouryear C.is…everyfouryear D.are…everyfouryearsMotheraskedmetobuyseveral_____eggsforbreakfast. A.dozen B.dozens C.dozenof D.dozensofLargequantitiesofwater_____forirrigation. A.isneeded B.hasneeded C.areneeded D.needThebookiswonderful,especially_____. A.aThirdPart B.PartThird C.PartThree D.thePartThreeRussiais_____insize. A.secondtonone B.first C.secondtono D.thefirstHewillbebackin_____. A.threeandahalfamonth B.threemonthsandhalf

C.threeandahalfmonths D.threeandhalfamonthIt’sabout_____ridebycar. A.aeighteenhour’s B.aeighteen-hour C.aneighteen-hour D.aneighteen-hours’WhenIlookbackonmypastfewyears,Ifoundquite_____ofmistakes. A.number B.thenumber C.anumber D.numbersPersonally,Ithinkitisthesalesmanager,ratherthanthesalesgirls,____toblame. A.is B.thatis C.are D.whoareHowcloseparentsaretotheirchildren____astronginfluenceonthecharacterofthechildren.

A.have B.has C.having D.tohaveThesignonthedoorreads:“Incaseof_____fire,breaktheglassandpush_____redbutton.”

A./…a B./…the C.the…the D.a…aThereis_____“i”(I)in“happiness”,butno“y”(why)init. A.a B./ C.an D.the主謂一致專題訓(xùn)練1English,aswellasChinese,_____noteasytomaster. A.is B.are C.being D.bothareHisfamily_____ratherbig,withtwelvepeopleinall.6 A.is B.are C.being D.was6Eitheryouortheheadmaster_____theprizestothesegiftedstudentsatthemeeting. A.ishandingout B.istohandout C.arehandingout D.aretohandoutE-mail,aswellastelephones,_____animportantpartindailycommunication. A.isplaying B.haveplayed C.areplaying D.playBooksofthiskind_____well. A.sell B.sells C.aresold D.issoldNotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary_____tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother. A.is B.are C.am D.beAlibrarywithfivethousandbooks_____tothenationasagift. A.isoffered B.hasoffered C.areoffered D.haveofferedThenumberofpeopleinvited_____fifty,butanumberofthem_____absentfordifferentreasons. A.were…was B.was…was C.was…were D.were…wereTheaudience_____solargethatnoseatwasleftoccupiedinthegreathall. A.is B.are C.was D.hasFivemultipliedbytwo_____ten. A.isequal B.equals C.areequalto D.equaltoThepairofshoes_____wornout. A.was B.were C.havebeen D.hadbeenAllbutone_____herejustnow. A.is B.was C.are D.wereNooneexceptJackandTom_____theanswer. A.know B.knows C.isknowing D.areknowingEachofthestudents,workinghardinhisorherlessons,_____togotouniversity. A.hope B.hopes C.hoping D.arehopingMyfather,togetherwithsomeofhisoldfriends,_____therealready. A.willbe B.hadbeen C.hasbeen D.havebeenPeter,perhapsJohn,_____playingwiththelittledog. A.seems B.were C.are D.isEveryone,menandwomen,oldandyoung,_____sportsandgames. A.areenjoying B.wereenjoying C.enjoys D.enjoyBothriceandwheat_____growninthatcountry. A.is B.are C.was D.hasFromthevalley_____afrighteningsound. A.comes B.come C.arecoming D.havecomeNexttoit_____manyrestaurantswherewecanhavedinner. A.is B.are C.has D.wasIdon’tthinkthreedays_____tothecinema. A.is B.are C.being D.tobeAllbuthimandme_____tothecinema. A.aregoing B.isgoing C.wasgoing D.aregoneTherestofthenovel_____veryinteresting. A.were B.are C.is D.havebeenSomeperson_____callingforyouatthegate. A.willbe B.isbeing C.is D.areMostofthemistakes_____becauseofcarelessness.7 A.weremaking B.hasbeenmade C.aremade D.wasmaking7Thenumberoffox,mountainlionsandwildroses_____muchifpeopleleavethingsastheyare. A.doesn’tchange B.don’tchange C.change D.changedPlentyofsugar_____already_____totheoverseasmarketsince1987. A.have…shipped B.have…beenshipped C.has…beenshipped D.has…shippedDeer_____fasterthandogs. A.willrun B.arerunning C.runs D.runThere_____inhissittingroom. A.aretoomanyfurnitures B.aretoomuchfurnitures C.aretoomuchfurniture D.istoomuchfurnitureTheofficestaff_____gatheredtohearthepresidentspeak. A.is B.be C.are D.will_____areahard-workingrace. A.AChinese B.Chinese C.TheChineses D.TheChineseThepolice_____aprisoner. A.issearchingfor B.aresearchingfor C.issearching D.wassearchingAbout30%ofthepopulationofthecountry_____onfarms. A.live B.stays C.lives D.islivingIthink100dollars_____enoughforthecomingrally. A.willhave B.is C.are D.wouldbeTheArabianNights_____wellknowntoEnglishlovers. A.isbeing B.are C.were D.isSlowandsteady_____therace. A.win B.wins C.beat D.beatsTom’steacherandfriend_____Mr.Smith. A.has B.arebeing C.is D.areThefollowing_____someotherexamples. A.are B.is C.was D.wereAcarandhorse_____inthedistance. A.wasseen B.wereseen C.see D.seesThenew_____suretoreplacetheold. A.is B.will C.are D.wereThewounded_____goodcareofherenow. A.istaken B.arebeingtaken C.aretaking D.isbeingtakenTwogallonsofgas_____allIcanafford. A.is B.are C.has D.haveThefactory,includingitsequipment,_____burntlastnight. A.is B.are C.were D.wasHisfamily_____musiclovers. A.allare B.areall C.is D.arebeingNomanandnoanimal_____inthatisland.8 A.istobefound B.aretofind C.istofind D.aretobefound8Noteacherandnostudent_____admittedintothisbuilding. A.are B.were C.is D.arebeingTenminutes_____anhourwhenoneiswaitingforaphonecall. A.seems B.seem C.seemed D.hasseemedNeitherhenorI_____fortheplan. A.were B.is C.are D.amBetweentwobuildings_____amonument. A.standing B.arestanding C.stands D.standThestudentsinourschooleach_____anEnglishdictionary. A.arehaving B.hashad C.has D.have 真題鏈接1. Firstimpressionsarethemostlasting.Afterall,youneverget_____secondchancetomake_____firstimpression. A.a…the B.the…the C.a…a D.the…a2. Everythingcomeswith_____price;thereisnosuch_____thingasafreelunchintheworld.

A.a…a B.the…/ C.the…a D.a…/3. It’s_____goodfeelingforpeopletoadmiretheShanghaiWorldExpothatgivesthem_____pleasure. A./…a B.a…/ C.the…a D.a…the4. Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcerts_____causedhearinglossinsometeenagers. A.is B.are C.has D.have5. Thevisitorsherearegreatlyimpressedbythefactthat_____peoplefromallwalksoflifeareworkinghardfor_____newJiangsu. A./…a B./…the C.the…a D.the…the6. –Iseveryonehere?

–Notyet…Look,there_____therestofourguests! A.come B.comes C.iscoming D.arecoming7. Thereareover58,000rockyobjectsin_____space,about900ofwhichcouldfalldownonto_____earth. A.the…the B./…the C.the…/ D.a…the8. Ifwesitnear_____frontofthebus,we’llhave_____betterview. A./…the B./…a C.the…a D.the…the9. Itisreportedthatmanyanewhouse_____atpresentinthedisasterarea. A.arebeingbuilt B.werebeingbuilt C.wasbeingbuilt D.isbeingbuilt10. In_____mostcountries,auniversitydegreecangiveyou_____flyingstartinlife. A.the…a B.the…/ C./…/ D./…a11. SuchpoetsasShakespeare_____widelyread,ofwhoseworks,however,some_____difficulttounderstand. A.are…are B.is…is C.are…is D.is…are12. Manylifestylepatternsdosuch_____greatharmtohealththattheyactuallyspeedup_____weakeningofthehumanbody. 11 A.a…/ B./…the C.a…the D./…/1113. Itisgenerallyacceptedthat_____boymustlearntostandupandfightlike___