2019年江蘇省普通高中學業(yè)水平合格性考試英語（解析版）

2019年江蘇省普通高中學業(yè)水平合格性考試英語第一節(jié)單項填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)1._________theFrenchandtheirrevolutionspirit，manycountrieshavechosentousethesamecoloursontheirflags．A.Intermsof B.IncaseofC.Inresponseto D.Insaluteto【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。Intermsof按照，就……而言：B.Incaseof萬一：C.Inresponseto響應；D.Insaluteto致敬。句意：為了向法國人民和他們的革命精神致敬，很多國家的國旗使用和法國國旗相同的顏色。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示“向……致敬”，故D項正確。2.﹣﹣﹣IspentaweekinXiamenlastmonth．﹣﹣﹣Thenyoumusthavebeenoverchargedforseafoodmanyatime，________you？Thiscityisknownforthat．A.mustn't B.weren'tC.haven't D.hadn't【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查反義疑問句。句意：——上個月我在廈門呆了一周。——那你一定吃了不少海鮮，對么？那座城市以海鮮聞名。lastmonth表示過去的時間，musthavebeen表示對過去的推斷，故B項正確。3.JusttellMike__________hasagoodknowledgeofphysicsandhistoryisqualifiedfortheposition．A.Whenever B.WhomeverC.Whoever D.Whichever【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：只要告訴Mike，凡是精通物理和歷史的人都能勝任這個職位。此處為賓語從句，從句中缺少主語，表示“任何人”，故C項正確。4.﹣﹣﹣Whoisthemostfamousmartialartsnovelists？﹣﹣﹣JinYong，__________worksdeeplyinfluencedtheculturaldevelopmentofChinese﹣speakingcommunitiesaroundtheworld．A.he B.hisC.who D.whose【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查非限定性定語從句。句意：——誰是最出名的武俠小說家？——金庸，他的作品深深影響了世界各地華人社區(qū)的文化發(fā)展。此處為非限定性定語從句，從句中缺少定語，故D項正確。5.Studiessuggestthatbabieslearnto_________voicesbeforebirth．Theycanrecognizetheirmother'svoiceamongagroupofwomen．A.suspect B.compromiseC.discriminate D.inspect【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.suspect懷疑；B.compromise妥協(xié)；C.discriminate辨別；D.inspect檢閱。句意：研究表明嬰兒在出生前就能辨別聲音，他能在一群女人中聽出媽媽的聲音。根據(jù)“Theycanrecognizetheirmother’svoiceamongagroupofwomen.”可知此處表示“辨別”，故C項正確。6._________withheavyloadsofteaching_________helaterbecameaneasytargetoftheflu．A.Sotiredwastheteacher；that B.Theteacherwassotired；whichC.Tiredastheteacher；that D.Suchwasthetiredteacher；which【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查so…that句型與倒裝。句意：教學任務不堪重負，這位老師很快就成了流感的目標。在so…that句型中，當so+形容詞位于句首時，要進行部分倒裝，故A項正確。【點睛】本題的難度較大，注意在so…that句型中，當so+形容詞位于句首時，要進行部分倒裝，正常語序應該是：Theteacherwassotiredwithheavyloadsofteachingthathelaterbecameaneasytargetoftheflu.7.﹣﹣﹣WhynotturntoKevin？Hesawwhathappened，sohisistheonly_________account．﹣﹣﹣Theproblemisthathehasrefusedtosayanythingabouttheaccident．A.tentative B.controversialCauthentic D.arbitrary【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.tentative實驗性的；B.controversial有爭議的；C.authentic可信的、真實的；D.arbitrary武斷的。句意：——為什么不去找Kevin？他目睹了發(fā)生的一切，所以他的敘述是唯一可信的。——問題是他拒絕對這次事故發(fā)表任何意見。根據(jù)“Hesawwhathappened”判斷此處表示“真實可信的”，故C項正確。8.Grannyalwayskeepshercellphoneswitchedoff_________she'sexpectingacall．A.Since B.unlessC.once D.when【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。A.since既然；B.unless除非；C.once一旦……；D.when當……時。句意：外婆的手機總是關(guān)機，除非她在等電話。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示“除非”，故B項正確。9._________makesyoursonfeelbluetoday?_________towatchhisfavouritecartoonPawPatrol.A.Whatitisthat;Tobeforbidden B.Whatisthat;ForbiddenC.Whatisitthat;Beingforbidden D.Thatiswhat;Havingforbidden【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查強調(diào)句型和非謂語動詞。句意：——是什么讓你兒子今天心情不好？——不讓他看他最喜歡的卡通《狗狗巡邏隊》。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，第一空為強調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句，即：疑問詞What+isit+that+其余部分；第二空為非謂語動詞，作主語用動名詞，且son與forbide之間是被動關(guān)系，所以用Beingforbidden，故C項正確?！军c睛】注意強調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句形式為：疑問詞+isit+that+其余部分，根據(jù)句意“是什么讓你兒子今天心情不好？”判斷疑問詞用what，即：Whatisitthatmakesyoursonfeelbluetoday?10.UsingAI，manycompaniesarenowconductingexperimentsthat__________possiblejustafewyearsago．A.wouldhavebeen B.mighthavebeenC.shouldn'thavebeen D.couldn'thavebeen【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞表推測。句意：很多公司現(xiàn)在使用人工智能進行試驗，這在幾年前是不可能的。根據(jù)“afewyearsago”可知，此處表示“過去不可能”，應該用couldn’thavedone，故D項正確。11.Thestudy，fromacademicsatHarvard，claims__________thefirstclearevidenceshowingthatwhentemperaturesgoup，schoolperformancegoesdown．A.tohaveproduced B.toproduceC.producing D.beingproduced【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：這項來自哈佛大學學者的研究聲稱，它首次提供了明確的證據(jù)，表明氣溫上升時，在校表現(xiàn)會下降。claimto表示“聲稱做……”，而且produce這個動作發(fā)生在claims之前，故A項正確。12.Thoughscientistsgetclosertounderstandingwhyweage，thereasonfordifferentagingratesamongindividualsremainsonly__________understood．A.concretely B.thoroughlyC.vaguely D.flexible【答案】C【解析】【詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。A.concretely具體地；B.thoroughly徹底地；C.vaguely含糊地、茫然地；D.flexible靈活的。句意：盡管科學家對人類衰老的原因有了更深的了解，但對于個體衰老速度不同的原因，人們?nèi)灾跎?。根?jù)句意可知此處表示“模糊地”，故C項正確。13.﹣﹣﹣Thepresidentwillcometoattendyourlectureat10：00tomorrow．﹣﹣﹣I'msorry，bythenmylecturewillhavejustendedandI_________myfansinmyoffice．A.havemet B.willhavemetC.willmeet D.willbemeeting【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：——明天10點，總統(tǒng)會來聽你的講座?！?，那時我的講座剛剛結(jié)束，我將在辦公室會見粉絲。表示將來某一時間點發(fā)生的事情應該用將來進行時，故D項正確。14.FortyyearsafterChinastarteditsreformandopening﹣up，morethan18millionruralresidentshave_________povertyinSouthChina'sGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegion．A.shakenoff B.takenoffC.paidoff D.kickedoff【答案】A【解析】【詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。A.shakenoff擺脫；B.takenoff脫下；C.paidoff付清；D.kickedoff開賽。句意：改革開放40年來，廣西壯族自治區(qū)有1800多萬農(nóng)村人口脫貧。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示“擺脫”，故A項正確。15.Ifthebossisangrywhenhecomesin，don'ttellhimaboutthecustomer'scomplaints．You'lljustbe_________．A.killingthefattedcalfB.seeingthehandwritingonthewallC.hittingyourownfeetofclayD.addingfueltothefire【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查習語。句意：如果老板進來時很生氣，你把顧客的投訴告訴他，這只會火上澆油。A.killingthefattedcalf熱情款待；B.seeingthehandwritingonthewall不祥之兆；hittingyourownfeetofclay自找麻煩；D.addingfueltothefire火上澆油。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示“火上澆油”.故D項正確。第二節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分)Aftersufferingseverebumstoherbackandotherpansofherbodyattheageofthree，Sylvia，49，hadspentherlifecoveringupherscars．Herconfidencewasdestroyedbyyearsof___16___comments．Atherlowestshehadconsidered___17___herownlife．"Ididn'treallyknowwhat___18___was．Ididn'trealizemymenialhealthwasbeingaffected﹣I___19___thoughtthiswasa___20___thing．"Theaccidentthatlefther___21___happenedduringa___22___gameofhideandseekwithhersister．Afterward，alifeof___23___herselfupandhidingfromattentionfollowed，untilaturningpointinJulylastyear．Sylviawasonholidaywithhermotherwhenshe___24___aman'scameraphonefollowingheraroundthehotelpool．Sheandhermotherleftforthebeach，butshewasstruckbythe___25___theencounterhadonhermother．"Icouldseeher___26___atmyscars．Shejustlookedsosad，"Sylviarecalled．Soshestartedto___27___，callingouttohermumtomakehersmile．"Ihadbeeninsuchabadplacebefore．Iwasso___28___．Iwasinsuchahorribleplaceforsomanyyears．IlookedbackandfeltlikeI'ddestroyedmyfamilyslivesandIthought，nowisthetimeformetostop．"Sylviafeltitwastimenotjusttomakea___29___forherself，buttohelpotherswithdisfigurements（外形的損毀）andtoraiseawareness．She___30___aFacebookgroup，LoveDisfigure，andnowrunsswimmingsessionsatHighburypoolinIslinton，northLondon，withtheaimofhelpingincreasethe___31___ofpeoplewithdisfigurementsor___32___andhealthconditions．ForSylvia，lastyearhasbeen___33___．Having___34___herbody，andhaddepression，anxietyandpost﹣traumaticstressdisorder（創(chuàng)傷后應激障礙）shenowhopesherstorywill___35___others．16.A.hopeful B.delightful C.hurtful D.regretful17.A.sharing B.ending C.enriching D.sparing18.A.wonder B.kindness C.pity D.depression19.A.even B.just C.seldom D.almost20.A.formal B.personal C.social D.physical21.A.scarred B.disabled C.surprised D.scared22.A.neighborhood B.parenthood C.adulthood D.childhood23.A.taking B.holding C.putting D.covering24.A.kept B.avoided C.sensed D.stopped25.A.impression B.effect C.suffering D.doubt26.A.staring B.glancing C.glaring D.watching27.A.hesitate B.scream C.pose D.exchange28.A.optimistic B.desperate C.careful D.negative29.A.sacrifice B.profit C.change D.wish30.A.setup B.setdown C.setout D.setoff31.A.knowledge B.curiosity C.desperation D.confidence32.A.skin B.leg C.arm D.back33.A.familiar B.magic C.serious D.dangerous34.A.shown B.tolerated C.uncovered D.hidden35.A.remind B.require C.inspire D.inform【答案】16.C17.B18.D19.B20.D21.A22.D23.D24.C25.B26.A27.C28.D29.C30.A31.D32.A33.B34.D35.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了三歲時，一場嚴重的燒傷意外給Sylvia身上留下了多處傷疤，多年來她一直封閉自己，然而，去年7月的一個轉(zhuǎn)折點讓她意識到是時候該做出改變了，現(xiàn)在她不僅在臉書上建立了一個名叫LoveDisfigure的團體，還開設游泳課程，目的是幫助那些毀容、皮膚或健康狀況不佳的人增強自信?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.hopeful有希望的；B.delightful可喜的；C.hurtful有害的；D.regretful后悔的。那些傷害性的評論讓Sylvia的自信備受打擊，故C項正確?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.sharing分享；B.ending結(jié)束；C.enriching豐富；D.sparing抽出。她甚至想過結(jié)束自己的生命，故B項正確?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.wonder奇跡；B.kindness善良；C.pity可惜；D.depression抑郁。根據(jù)本空后的“Ididn’trealizemymentalhealthwasbeingaffected”可知，她不知道什么是抑郁，我沒有意識到她的精神健康正在受到影響，故D項正確?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。A.even甚至；B.just僅僅；C.seldom很少；D.almost幾乎。她僅僅認為這只是身體上的事情，故B項正確?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.formal正式的；B.personal個人的；C.social社交的；D.physical身體上的。她認為這只是身體上的事情，故D項正確?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.scarred傷痕累累的、有疤痕的；B.disabled殘疾的；C.surprised驚訝的；D.scared害怕的。那場意外給她身上留下了很多疤痕，故A項正確?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.neighborhood社區(qū)；B.parenthood親子關(guān)系；C.adulthood成年；D.childhood童年時期、小時候。她當時只是一個小孩，玩的應該是兒時的游戲，故D項正確?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.taking帶走；B.holding握；C.putting放；D.covering覆蓋。自那以后，她開始了一種自我遮蓋、躲避關(guān)注的生活，直到去年7月出現(xiàn)了一個轉(zhuǎn)折點，故D項正確。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.kept保留；B.avoided避免；C.sensed感覺；D.stopped停止。和母親一起度假時，她感覺到一個男人用拍照手機跟著她拍照，故C項正確?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.impression印象；B.effect影響；C.suffering苦楚；D.doubt懷疑。這次邂逅對她母親產(chǎn)生的影響讓她印象深刻，故B項正確?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.staring凝視；B.glancing掃視；C.glaring瞪眼；D.watching看。我看到她盯著我的疤痕看，故A項正確?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.hesitate猶豫；B.scream尖聲叫喊；C.pose擺姿勢；D.exchange交換。根據(jù)本空后的“callingouttohermumtomakehersmile.”可知，她開始擺姿勢，大聲沖母親叫好讓她笑，故C項正確?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.optimistic樂觀的；B.desperate令人絕望的；C.careful認真的；D.negative消極的。根據(jù)本空后的“Iwasinsuchahorribleplaceforsomanyyears.”可知，以前這么多年她一直很消極，故D項正確?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.sacrifice犧牲；B.profit利潤；C.change改變；D.wish愿望?，F(xiàn)在是時候做出改變了，故C項正確。【30題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。A.setup建立；B.setdown記下；C.setout開始；D.setoff出發(fā)。她在臉書上建立了一個名叫LoveDisfigure的團體，故A項正確。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.knowledge知識；B.curiosity好奇心；C.desperation絕望；D.confidence自信。她開設游泳課程的目的是幫助那些毀容、皮膚或健康狀況不佳的人增強自信，故D項正確?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。A.skin皮膚；B.leg腿；C.arm胳膊；D.back后背。她皮膚上有很多疤痕，她自然是想幫助那些與自己有同樣遭遇的人，故A項正確?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A.familiar熟悉的；B.magic有魔力的、不可思議的；C.serious嚴重的；D.dangerous危險的。對她來說，去年是不可思議的一年，故B項正確?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.shown顯示；B.tolerated容忍；C.uncovered揭露；D.hidden隱藏。她曾經(jīng)隱藏自己的身體，有過抑郁、焦慮及創(chuàng)傷后應激障礙，故D項正確。【35題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。A.remind提醒；B.require要求；C.inspire鼓舞；D.inform通知。她希望自己的故事能夠鼓舞其他人，故C項正確。第三部分閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)AWIPOistheglobalforumforintellectualpropertyservices，policy，informationandcooperation．Weareaself﹣fundingagencyoftheUnitedNations，with191memberstates．Ourmissionistoleadthedevelopmentofabalancedandeffectiveinternationalintellectualproperty（IP）systemthatenablesinnovationandcreativityforthebenefitofall．Ourmandate，governingbodiesandproceduresaresetoutintheWIPOconvention，whichestablishedWIPOin1967．﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣Werunworkshopsandseminarsthroughouttheyear．Thepresentationsandmeetingdocumentsaremadeavailablefordownloadingwhereverpossiblehere．CurrentandupcomingCaseStudyWorkshoponSupportforIntellectualPropertyManagementinSMEs（IPAdvantage）MeetingcodeWIPO/SMES/TYO/19DateandvenueJanuary29toJanuary31，2019（Tokyo，Japan）Topic（s）SmallandMedium﹣SizedEnterprises，WorkshopsandSeminarsNationalWorkshoponIntellectualPropertyPoliciesforUniversitiesandResearchInstitutionsMeetingcodeWIPO/IP/UNI/AMM/19DateandvenueMarch19toMarch20，2019（Tokyo，Japan）Topic（s）IntellectualProperty，WorkshopsandseminarsConsultationmeetingswiththeIndustrialPropertyProtectionsDirectorateoftheMinistryofIndustry，TradeandsupplyandthemainrelevantinstitutionsMeetingcodeWIPO/IP/MIN/AMM/19DateandvenueMarch21，2019（Paris，F(xiàn)rance）TopicsIntellectualProperty，WorkshopsandseminarsNationalseminaroncollectivemanagementMeetingcodeWIPO/CCM/TLV/18DateandvenueApril19，2019（TelAviv，Israel）TopicsCollectiveManagementofIntellectualProperty（Copyright），Workshopsandseminars36.Wecanknowfromthepassagethat．A.itisanarticlefromthehandbookofWIPOB.governingbodiesofallmemberstatespayfortherunningofWIPOC.itisintendedforthoseinterestedintheknowledgeofintellectualpropertyD.themissionofWIPOistodevelopaneffectivesystemofinnovationandCreativity37.IfoneisinterestedinImanagement，hecanattendaseminarin．A.JordanorIsraelB.IsraelorFranceC.AmmanorTokyoD.TelAvivorTokyo【答案】36.C37.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應用文，介紹了世界知識產(chǎn)權(quán)組織2019年將舉辦的幾場研討會的相關(guān)信息?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，特別是第二欄中的“Thepresentationsandmeetingdocumentsaremadeavailablefordownloadingwhereverpossiblehere.”可知，知識產(chǎn)權(quán)研討會的演講和會議文件可以在此下載，由此可知它是為對知識產(chǎn)權(quán)只是感興趣的人設計的，故C項正確?！?7題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四欄中的“March19toMarch20,2019(Tokyo,Japan)”及“IntellectualProperty,Workshopsandseminars”和最后一欄中的“CollectiveManagementofIntellectualProperty(Copyright),Workshopsandseminars”及“April19,2019(TelAviv,Israel)”可知，1月29日在日本東京和4月19日在以色列特拉維夫舉辦的研討會是關(guān)于管理的，故D項正確。BDear17﹣year﹣oldself，WhenyourLakerdreamcomestruetomorrow，youneedtofigureoutawaytoinvestinthefutureofyourfamily．Thissoundssimple，andyoumaythinkit'sano﹣brainer，buttakesometimetothinkonitfurther．IsaidINVEST．IdidnotsayGIVELetmeexplain．Purelygivingmaterialthingstoyoursiblings（兄弟姐妹）mayappeartoberightdecision．Soyoubuythemacar，abighouse，pay，alloftheirbill．Youwantthemtoliveabeautifulcomfortablelife，right？Butthedaywillcomewhenyourealizethatasmuchasyoubelievedyouweredoingtherightthing，youwereactuallyholdingthemback．YouwillcometounderstandthatyouweretakingcareofthembecauseitmadeYOUfeelgood，itmadeYOUhappytoseethemsmilingandwithoutacareintheworld﹣andthatwasextremelyselfishofyou．Whileyouwerefeelingsatisfiedwithyourself，youwereslowlyeatingawayattheirowndreamsandambitions．Youwereaddingmaterialthingstotheirlives，butsubtractingthemostpreciousgiftsofall．Investintheirfuture，don'tjustgive．Useyoursuccess，wealthandinfluencetoputtheminthebestpositiontorealizetheirowndreamsandfindtheirtruepurpose．Putthemthroughschool，setthemupwithjobinterviewsandhelpthembecomeleadersintheirownright．Holdthemtothesamelevelofhardworkanddedicationthatittookforyoutogettowhereyouarenow，andwhereyouwilleventuallygo．I'mwritingyounowsothatyoucanbeginthisprocessimmediately，andsothatyoudon'thavetodealwiththehurtandstruggleofweaning（斷絕）themoffoftheaddictionthatyoufacilitatedThataddictiononlyleadstoanger，hatredandjealousyfromeverybodyinvolved，includingyourself．Astimegoeson，youwillseethemgrowindependentlyandhavetheirownambitionsandtheirownlives，andyourrelationshipwithallofthemwillbemuchbetterasaresult．Trustme，settingthingsuprightfromthebeginningwillavoidatonoftearsandheadache，someofwhichremainstothisday．Muchlove，38.Whatmightbethebesttitleofhisletter？A.ToMyYoungerSelfB.ForMyDearFamilyC.ToMyBelovedSonDForMyOlderSelf39.Whatmaybe"themostpreciousgiftsofall"intheunderlinedpart？A.IndependenceandgrowthB.wealthandhealthC.loveanddedicationD.successandleadership40.Whatcanweinferfromthisletter？A.Thewriterwillstopofferinghissiblingshelpinthefuture．B.Thewriterdidn'tthinkitagoodfortunetobecomesuccessfulearly．C.ThewriterintendstoremindothersnottocaretoomuchaboutmaterialsD.Thewriterwasoncetroubledbytherelationshipbetweenhimandhisfamily．【答案】38.A39.A40.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇應用文，本文是一篇作者寫給年輕時的自己的一封信，講述了如何處理自己與家人之間的關(guān)系?！?8題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)文章開頭“Dear17-year-oldself,”可知，本文是寫給年輕時的自己的一封信，故A項正確?！?9題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的“youwereslowlyeatingawayattheirowndreamsandambitions.Youwereaddingmaterialthingstotheirlives,butsubtracting”可知，你正在蠶食他們的夢想和抱負，雖然你給他們的生活增添了物質(zhì)，但卻阻礙了他們的獨立和成長，由此可知畫線詞指的是“獨立和成長”，故A項正確。【40題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)后兩段內(nèi)容，特別是最后一段“andyourrelationshipwithallofthemwillbemuchbetterasaresult．Trustme，settingthingsuprightfromthebeginningwillavoidatonoftearsandheadache，someofwhichremainstothisday．”可知，你和他們的關(guān)系也會因此變得更好。和家人相處方面的一些眼淚和頭痛一直持續(xù)到今天，由此可知，作者曾被自己和家人之間的關(guān)系所困擾，故D項正確。【點睛】本篇詞義猜測題設在句尾，因此對上文的理解是關(guān)鍵，根據(jù)畫線詞前的andyourrelationshipwithallofthemwillbemuchbetterasaresult．Trustme，settingthingsuprightfromthebeginningwillavoidatonoftearsandheadache，someofwhichremainstothisday．“youwereslowlyeatingawayattheirowndreamsandambitions.Youwereaddingmaterialthingstotheirlives,butsubtracting”可知，你正在蠶食他們的夢想和抱負，雖然你給他們的生活增添了物質(zhì)，但卻阻礙了他們的獨立和成長，由此可知畫線詞指的是“獨立和成長”。CSam，IsaytomyselfasIstartacrossthebridge，youmuststopthesethoughtsandstartthinkingaboutwhattodonowthatyouhavelostyourfalcon（獵鷹），F(xiàn)rightful．Life，myfriendBandooncesaid，ismeetingproblemsandsolvingthemwhetheryouareanamoebaoraspacetraveler．Ihaveaproblem．IhavetoprovidemyyoungersisterAliceandmyselfwithmeat．Fish，nuts，andvegetables，aregoodandnecessary，buttheydon'tprovideenoughfuelforthehardphysicalworkwedo．Althoughwehavevenison（鹿肉）now，Ican'talwayscountongettingit．Sofarthisyear，ourvenisonhasbeenonlyroadkillfrominfrontofMrs．Strawberry'sfarm．Idecidetotakethelongestwayhome，downthefloodplainoftheWestBranchofDelawaretoSpilkill，myownnameforafaststream，thatcascadesdownthesouthfaceofthemountainrangeI'mon．Ineedtimetothink．PerhapsAliceandIshouldbeliketheearlyEskimos．Weshouldwalk，campandhunt，andwhentheseasonschange，walkontonewfoodsources．ButIlovemytreeandmymountaintop．Anothersolutionwouldbetobecomefarmers，likethepeopleoftheIroquoisConfederacywhooncelivedhere．Theysettledinvillagesandplantedcornandsquash（南瓜），bushbeansandberries．Wealreadygrowgroundnutsinthedampsoilandsquashinthepoorland．ButtheIroquoisalsohuntedgame．Ican'tdothatanymoreI'mbackwhereIstartedfrom．SlowlyclimbtheSpillkill．AsIhopfromrocktorockbeneathshadybasswoodsandhemlocks，Ihearthecryofthered﹣tailedhawkwhonestsonthemountaincrest．IamremindedofFrightfulandmyheartaches．Icanalmosthearhercallmyname，Cree，cree，car﹣ree．Maybelcangetherbackiflbegthemanwhoisinchargeoftheperegrines（游隼）university．"Butit'sthelaw，"hewouldsay．LcouldwritetothepresidentoftheUnitedstatesandaskhimtomakeanexceptionofAliceandme．Thatwon'twork．Thepresidentsworetouploadtheconstitution（憲法）andlawsoftheUnitedStateswhenhetookoffice．Iclimbedon．Imuststopthinkingabouttheimpossibleandsolvetheproblemofwhattodonow．Imustfindanewwaytoprovideforus．Frightfulisgoingtobeingoodhandsattheuniversityandshewillhaveyoung．IsmileatthethoughtoflittleFrightfulsandliftmyreluctantfeet．WhenIamfatabovetheriver，1takeofmyclothesandmoccasins（鹿皮鞋）andbatheinadeep，clearpooluntilIamrefreshedandthinkingmoreclearly．Climbingupthebank，Idressandsitdown．Ibreathdeeplyofthemountainairandtrytosolvemyproblemmorerealistically．41.Whatdoesthisexcerpt（節(jié)選）maindescribe？A.DelicatementalactivityB.UniquestoryenvironmentC.ComplicatedcharacterrelationshipD.Ever﹣changingstoryevents42.WhatisSam'sfirstworry？A.Theshortestwaytogoback．B.SurvivalforAliceandhimselfC.ThesafetyofFrightfulD.Howtogetenoughvenison43.WhatdoweknowaboutFrightful？A.HeleftSamandAliceduetolackoffood．B.HehelpedSamhuntbeforebeingtakenawayC.Heislivingwiththered﹣tailedhawkhappilyD.Heisgivingbirthtobabiesintheuniversity44.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeSam？A.HumorousB.AggressiveC.ResponsibleD.Unrealistic【答案】41.A42.B43.B44.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇文學作品節(jié)選，講述了作者一路上思考自己生存問題過程中的心理活動。【41題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章講述了作者從一開始過橋時默默對自己說的話、想起朋友曾說過的話，到走最遠的路回家途中對自己和妹妹生活方式的思考、再到爬山時又想起了獵鷹Frightful以及思考一些不可能的事情，最后決定更現(xiàn)實地解決自己的問題這些細微的心理活動，故A項正確?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Ihaveaproblem.IhavetoprovidemyyoungersisterAliceandmyselfwithmeat.”可知，作者首先擔心的是自己和妹妹的食肉問題，故B項正確。【43題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“startthinkingaboutwhattodonowthatyouhavelostyourfalcon,Frightful.”可知，沒有獵鷹后作者不知道該怎么辦了，由此可知獵鷹以前幫作者捕獵，故B項正確。【44題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Ihaveaproblem.IhavetoprovidemyyoungersisterAliceandmyselfwithmeat.”可知，作者首要想的是給自己的小妹妹Alice解決保持體力的食肉問題，第三、四段中又想到了像愛斯基摩人一樣生活或當農(nóng)民，一路上都在為自己和妹妹如何生存絞盡腦汁，由此可知作者是一個負責任的人，故C項正確。【點睛】本篇的主旨大意題難度很大，文章沒有明顯的主題句，需要根據(jù)各段關(guān)鍵句對文章進行整體分析，例如第一段中的“startthinkingabout”，第三段中的“Ineedtimetothink”，第五段中的“IamremindedofFrightfulandmyheartaches.Icanalmosthearhercallmyname”，倒數(shù)第二段中的“Imuststopthinkingabouttheimpossibleandsolvetheproblemofwhattodonow.”及最后一段中的“trytosolvemyproblemmorerealistically.”都是作者這一路上的心理變化，由此可知，文章講述了作者從一開始過橋時默默對自己說的話、想起朋友曾說過的話，到走最遠的路回家途中對自己和妹妹生活方式的思考、再到爬山時又想起了獵鷹Frightful以及思考一些不可能的事情，最后決定更現(xiàn)實地解決自己的問題這些細微的心理活動。D"Itcan'tbedone．"BoyanSlatheardthisoverandoverwhenhefirstproposedawaytocleanupmillionsoftonsofplasticpollutingouroceans．Almostanyoneelsewouldhavegivenupinfrustrationanddespair．But20﹣year﹣oldSlathasn't：beendiscouragedbutcommittedtohisdream．"Humanhistoryisbasicallyalistofthingsthatcouldn'tbedone，andthenweredone，"hesays．Today，slatandhisteamatTheOceanCleanuparewellontheirwaytoprovingthecriticswrong．Goodnewsfortheplanet．（1）_______Slat，whogrewupinthecityofDelftintheNetherlands，wasonadivingtripinGreecethreeyearsagowhenhewasdeeplyimpressedbyplastic，"Thereweremoreplasticbagsthanfish，"hesays．"ThatmomentIrealizeditwasahugeissueandthatenvironmentalissuesarereallythebiggestproblemsmygenerationwillface．"Thatfall，Slat，then17，decidedtostudyplasticpollutionaspartofahighschoolproject．Soon，Slatlearnedthatnoonehadyetcomeupwithpracticalwaytocleanupthismassivegarbagepatches．Mostproposedsolutionsinvolved"fishing"uptheplasticusingshipsequippedwithnets﹣which，asSlatdiscovered，wouldlikelytakemorethan1，000years，costtoomuch，letofftoomuchsealifealongwiththetrash．Slatproposedanalternativethatmostlyavoidedtheseproblems﹣asolar﹣poweredsystemusingafloatingplastictubewhichwillgoaroundthegarbageandtrapitis600meterslong，Abigscreenhangsdownfromit，aboutthreemetresintothewater．Wind，wavesandoceancurrentswillpushthetrashtowardthetube．（Fishcanswimunderthescreen）Ashipwillpickupthetrashandtakeitbacktotheshoretosortandrecycleitintooilandotherproducts．Bestofall，SlatpredictedhissystemcouldcleanuptheNorthPacificGarbagePatchbetweenCaliforniaandHawaiiwherealotoffloatinggarbageexists，withinfiveto10years．（2）________Thefollowing，SlatenteredtheaerospaceengineeringprogramattheDelftUniversityofTechnologyandofficiallyannouncedhisoceancleanupconceptatTEDxDelft．Butnothingmuchmovedforward，Slatfoundhimselfcontinuallyabsent﹣mindedinclasses，lookingforways．toimprovehisconcept．"Itwouldn'tletgo．Ifinallydecidedtoputbothuniversityandmysociallifeonholdtofocusallmytimeondevelopingthisidea．Iwasn'tsureifitwouldsucceed，butconsideringthescaleofproblemIthoughtitwasimportanttoatleasttry．"Hesays．Withthisfamily'sblessing，SlatbeganinearnestorganizingateamofvolunteersandemployeesforTheOceanCleanup，whichnownumbersabout100．（3）_______Inanswertoopposition，Slatandhisteamraised＄100，000fromacrowdfundingcampaignandbegantestinga40﹣metercollectingbarrierneartheAzoresIslandslastMarch．InJune，theyreleaseda500+pagepossibilitystudy．Overthenextthreetofouryears，Slatwillpushtowardafullyoperationallarge﹣scaleprojectbytestingaseriesoflongerandlongerbarriers．He'scurrentlyseekingtocrowdfund＄2milliontofinanceit．Incidentally，TheOceanCleanupisalsoworkingonaplantostopplasticfromwashingintotheoceansinthefirstplace．"It'sjusttheotherproblemthatisequallyimportant．"Slatsays．"It'ssomethingeveryoneisabletohelpwith，andwealsohavesometechnologiesinthepipeline．"Asforschool，Slatdoesn'tmissit﹣exceptmaybeforthesocial﹣part，whichhehopesto（恢復）abitoncehisteamtakesonmoreoftheworkload．"Idon'thavetimeforthingslikethatrightnow，butIreallycan'tcomplain．Icanimaginedoingsomethingmorefunthanbeingabletohaveanideaandthenactuallymakingitintoareality．"hesays．45.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph？A.Anintroductiontothemaintopic．B.AnoverviewofthewholearticleC.ThebackgroundinformationofthestoryD.Raisingaproblemforlatersolution46.Whichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectorderofthethreemissingsubtitles？a．Butisitpossible？b．Drowninginplasticc．Anideawouldn'tdieA.a﹣b﹣cB.c﹣b﹣aC.b﹣a﹣cD.b﹣c﹣a47.Whatinspiredtheboytostudyplasticpollution？A.Oneofhishighschoolprojects．B.Others'oppositiontohisproposal．C.Humans'failureincleaninguptheocean．D.Theshockinglyheavyplasticpollutioninocean．48.WhatcanwesayaboutSlat'sdesign？A.ItispowerfulbutonlyusedinCaliforniaandHawaiiB.ItishugebutcausesgreatdamagetosealivesC.Itmakesfulluseofnaturalforcesandisfriendlytonature．D.Itwaswelcomedbyallthepublicandworkedverywell．49.WhichofthefollowingquotesbestdisplaysSlat'sstrongwillandconfidence？A."Humanhistoryisbasicallyalistofthingsthatcouldn'tbedone，andthenweredone．"B."ThatwasthemomentIrealizeditwasahugeissueandthatenvironmentalissuesarereallythebiggestproblemsmygenerationwillface．"C."Ifinallydecidedtoputbothuniversityandmysociallifeonholdtofocusallmytimeondevelopingthisidea．"D."It'ssomethingeveryoneisabletohelpwith，andwealsohavesometechnologiesinthepipeline．"50.Whatdoestheauthormainlydointhisarticle？A.ExplainacreativeideaB.Introduceafascinatingperson．C.DescribeasocialphenomenonD.Praiseapointofview【答案】45.B46.D47.D48.C49.A50.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要介紹了一個20歲的小伙子發(fā)現(xiàn)海洋中的塑料污染日益嚴重之后，想出了一種利用風、海浪和洋流清理海洋中的塑料垃圾的方法，人人都說他的想法不可行，但他仍然堅持夢想并付諸實踐?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的““Itcan’tbedone.”BoyanSlatheardthisoverandoverwhenhefirstproposedawaytocleanupmillio