2025版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)核心素養(yǎng)測(cè)評(píng)九必修2Unit4Wildlifeprotection含解析新人教版

PAGE核心素養(yǎng)測(cè)評(píng)九必修2Unit4Wildlifeprotection(限時(shí)35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解AMicroplasticsaresmallplasticpiecesthathaveaccumulatedinthemarine(海洋的)environmentfollowingdecadesofpollution.Thesepiecescancausesignificantissuesformarinecreaturesthatingestthem,includinginflammation(炎癥),reducedfeedingandweight-loss.Microplasticpollutionmayalsospreadfromorganismtoorganismwhenonecreatureiseatenbyothers.Sincethepiecescanbeboundtochemicalpollutants,theseassociatedpoisonscouldaccumulateinpredatorspecies.Mesopelagic(海洋中層的)fishserveasafoodsourceforalargevarietyofmarineanimalsincludingswordfish,dolphins,sealsandseabirds.Typicallylivingatdepthsof200—1,000meters,thesefishswimtothesurfacetofeedatnightandthenreturntodeeperwaterduringtheday.Throughtheseuprightmovements,mesopelagicfishplayakeyroleinthecycleofcarbonandnutrientsfromthesurfacetothedeepsea—aprocessknownasbiogeochemicalcycle.Thismeanstheycouldspreadmicroplasticpollutionthroughoutthemarineecosystem,bycarryingmicroplasticsfromthesurfacedowntodeeperwater,affectingdeep-seaorganisms.Toinvestigatethisfurther,researcherssetouttocatchfishinaremoteareaofthenorthwestAtlanticOcean.Theresearcherscaughtmesopelagicfishatvaryingdepths,andthenexaminedtheirstomachsformicroplasticsbackinthelab.Theyusedaparticularairfiltersoasnottointroduceplasticfibersintheairfromthelabenvironment.Theteamfoundalotofmicroplasticsinthefish’sstomachs.Astheresearcherswereextremelycarefultoclearthepollution—fibersintheair,theywereconfidentthatthefishhadeatenthefibersintheseaallovertheworld.Theresearchersplanfurtherstudiestolearnmoreabouthowthesefishingestandspreadmicroplastics.Itwillbeparticularlyinterestingtoseewhetherthefisheatthesemicroplasticsdirectlyasmistakenfoods,orwhethertheyeatthemthrougheatingotherspecies,whichhavepreviouslyeatenthemicroplastics.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。探討發(fā)覺,在大西洋西北部捕撈的海洋中層魚類的胃中含有微塑料,受影響的魚類可能會(huì)將微塑料擴(kuò)散到整個(gè)海洋。至于這些魚是把微塑料當(dāng)食物而誤食,還是通過捕食吃了微塑料的其他物種才導(dǎo)致體內(nèi)含有微塑料,還須要進(jìn)一步探討。1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ingest”inParagraph1mean?A.Attack. B.Swallow.C.Ignore. D.Avoid.【解析】選B。詞義揣測(cè)題。畫線詞后的them指的是上文中出現(xiàn)的Thesepieces(即smallplasticpieces),再依據(jù)上下文語境并運(yùn)用解除法可知B項(xiàng)正確。2.WhatdoestheParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Howdeep-seafishfeedthemselves.B.Whymesopelagicfishareimportant.C.Howmicroplasticsspreadtothedeepsea.D.Howdangerousmicroplasticsaretothesea.【解析】選C。段落大意題。依據(jù)其次段中的第三句和第四句可知,海洋中層魚類在碳和養(yǎng)分物質(zhì)從海洋表面到深海的循環(huán)過程中發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵作用,也意味著它們可能會(huì)將微塑料污染擴(kuò)散到整個(gè)海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。所以本段主要在講微塑料是如何擴(kuò)散到深海中的。故選C。3.Whatconclusiondidtheresearchersdrawfromthestudyonmesopelagicfish?A.Fishintheremoteareaaresafetoeat.B.Plasticfibersintheairmayenterfish’sstomachs.C.Theyarepollutedbymicroplastics.D.Mesopelagicfishliveatvaryingdepths.【解析】選C。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中“theywereconfidentthatthefishhadeatenthefibersintheseaallovertheworld”可知,探討得出的結(jié)論:海洋中層魚類受到了微塑料的污染。故選C。4.Whatwillfurtherstudiesfocuson?A.Inwhatwaymicroplasticsentermesopelagicfish’sstomachs.B.Howseriouslymicroplasticsaffectseacreatures.C.Whetherfishwithmicroplasticsharmhumans.D.Howmicroplasticsspreadinthedeepocean.【解析】選A。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Itwillbeparticularlyinteresting...througheatingotherspecies...eatenthemicroplastics.”可知,將進(jìn)一步探討這些微塑料是通過什么方式進(jìn)入海洋中層魚類體內(nèi)的:是被誤當(dāng)作食物吃進(jìn)去的,還是海洋中層魚類吃了其他吃了微塑料的物種。故選A。B(2024·煙臺(tái)模擬)Feedingbirdsisapopularwaytowatchwildlife.Butexpertssayitmightputwildbirdsatrisk.Feedingbirdsisnotnecessaryfortheirsurvivalexceptinextremeweatherconditions.Feeders(喂食器)candefinitelyhelpbirdsgetthroughthatkindofweather.Butmostbirdseatinsectsandshowlittleinterestinbirdfeeders.Forthosebirds,wecangrownativeplantsinanaturalenvironment.Birdswhicharefondofeatingseedswillbemorelikelytocometofeedersifthereissomecovernearby.Thisletsthemfeedandthenflytoprotectiveareas,suchasintrees.Themostcommonmistakepeoplemakewiththeirbirdfeedersisthattheyputfeedersinplaceswherebirdsareeasilyfrightenedbypassers-by,riskbeinghurtbycats,orriskflyingintowindows.Sosetupabirdfeederatleastonemeterawayfromawindow.Thatway,ifabirdgetsfrightened,itwon’tgetkilledwhenithitstheglass.Ownersofcatsshouldkeeptheminsidehomesotheycan’thurtthebirds.Somebirdsaremoreaggressiveatfeeder.Theyeatalotanddonotleavemuchfoodforotherbirds.Asolutionistoputthefoodinmorethanoneplacebyusingdifferentkindsofseedsorfruit.Thiscanalsoincreasethenumberanddiversityofbirdsinyourneighborhood.Butdon’tfeedwildbirdsanythingsalty,likepotatochips,orfoodthatcouldchokethem,likebread.Payattentiontofoodqualityandfreshness.Unprotectedfoodlefttoolonginfeederswillturnmoldy(發(fā)霉),whichcankillwildlife.Anotherwordofadvice:alwaysprovideasupplyofcleanwaterforbirds,butusecarewhenlookingfortherightbirdbath.Ifthebirdbathsaretoodeepforbirds,puttingafewlargestonesinthewatercangivethebirdsaplacetosit.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文,人們?cè)谖锅B的時(shí)候無意中會(huì)給鳥兒帶來危急,文章詳細(xì)說明了這些危急并提出了平安喂鳥的建議。5.What’sthemostcommonmistakeaboutfeedingbirds?A.Puttingfeedersinimproperplaces.B.Providingfoodininappropriatetime.C.Leavingfeedersunprotected.D.Supplyingdirtyanddeepwater.【解析】選A。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段“Themostcommonmistakepeoplemakewiththeirbirdfeedersisthattheyputfeedersinplaceswherebirdsareeasilyfrightenedbypassers-by,riskbeinghurtbycats,orriskflyingintowindows.”可知人們?cè)谖锅B的時(shí)候,最常見的錯(cuò)誤是把喂鳥器放在錯(cuò)誤的地方,這樣給鳥兒帶來了許多危急。故A項(xiàng)正確。6.WhichofthefollowingmayNOTbesuitableforfeedingbirds?A.Seeds.B.Bread.C.Fruit.D.Insects.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Butdon’tfeedwildbirdsanythingsalty,likepotatochips,orfoodthatcouldchokethem,likebread.”可知作者建議人們不要喂給鳥兒薯?xiàng)l和面包,因?yàn)檫@些食物不適合喂鳥。故B項(xiàng)正確。7.Theauthoradviseshelpingmorebirdsby________.

A.increasingthenumberoffeedersB.cleaningthebirdswithcleanwaterC.puttingmorelargestonesinthefeedersD.keepingaggressivebirdsawayfromthefeeders【解析】選A。推理推斷題。依據(jù)第五段“Asolutionistoputthefoodinmorethanoneplacebyusingdifferentkindsofseedsorfruit.”可知作者建議我們把食物放在多個(gè)地方,并供應(yīng)不同種類的食物。這樣做,自然是要增加喂鳥器的數(shù)量。故A項(xiàng)正確。8.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Problemswithbirdfeeding.B.Wheretoplacebirdfeeders.C.Popularwaysofprotectingwildbirds.D.Howtofeedwildbirdssafelyandhealthily.【解析】選D。主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段“Feedingbirdsisapopularwaytowatchwildlife.Butexpertssayitmightputwildbirdsatrisk.”可知本文主要講解并描述的是喂鳥會(huì)給鳥兒帶來肯定的危急;第三段介紹了詳細(xì)的危急,后四段提出詳細(xì)的平安喂鳥的建議。故D項(xiàng)“Howtofeedwildbirdssafelyandhealthily.”符合本文中心思想,故選擇D項(xiàng)。【學(xué)問拓展】長(zhǎng)難句分析

Themostcommonmistakepeoplemakewiththeirbirdfeedersisthattheyputfeedersinplaceswherebirdsareeasilyfrightenedbypassers-by,riskbeinghurtbycats,orriskflyingintowindows.

分析:本句主要結(jié)構(gòu):Themistakeis...;“peoplemakewiththeirbirdfeeders”是定語從句,省略了關(guān)系詞that/which;is后面全是that引導(dǎo)的表語從句;表語從句中的where引導(dǎo)定語從句,這個(gè)定語從句中含有三個(gè)并列謂語。

翻譯:人們?cè)谖锅B器上犯的最常見的錯(cuò)誤是把喂鳥器放在了鳥很簡(jiǎn)單被路人嚇著的地方,有被貓損害的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),或者有飛進(jìn)窗戶的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。Ⅱ.完形填空InMarchof2024,PeterTabichi,a36-year-oldteacherfromaremotevillageinKenya,wasvotedthebestteacherintheworld.Forthepast12years,Tabichihasworkedasamathandscienceteacherhopingthathislessonswillgivestudentsachanceto1theirsituations.However,workingataSecondarySchoolinaremotevillageinKenyahasn’tbeen2.TheschoolonlyhasonecomputerandunreliableInternet3.Theschoolalsohasnolibraryorlaboratory.Tomakemattersworse,therearenotenough4forallthestudents.

Unfortunately,thesemi-arid(半干旱的)villageexperiencesdroughtsandfamines5.“Mostofthestudentscomefromverypoorfamilies.They’renotableto6becausetheyhaven’thadenoughmealsathome,”Tabichisaid.Thus,healsoteachesstudentsandlocalsaboutfamine-resistant7.Tohelpthoseinpovertyaffordfood,uniforms,andbooks,he880percentofhissalary.

AccordingtoTabichi,95percentofhisstudentsliveinpovertyandaround30percentareeitherorphansorarebeing9bysingleparents.Asaresult,kidsareeasyto10outofschool.

Withgreatefforts,hehasalso11tosetupscienceclubs,addressedfoodinsecurityissues,andhelpedbring12betweenseveralethnicgroupsandreligions.13histirelesswork,hisstudentshave14forthe2024INTELInternationalScienceandEngineeringFairinArizona,USA.

Tabichiplanstousetheprizemoneytoimprovetheschoolandfeedthe15.Healsohopeshisaccomplishmentwillinspireotherstopushpastalltheobstacles.

【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章敘述了一位來自肯尼亞一個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)村莊的36歲老師PeterTabichi的故事。2024年3月,他被評(píng)為全球最佳老師,并獲得了Varkey基金會(huì)100萬美元的全球老師獎(jiǎng)金。1.A.check B.control C.improve D.realize【解析】選C。Tabichi在學(xué)校是一位數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)老師,他希望他的課程能給學(xué)生一個(gè)改善(improve)他們的境況的機(jī)會(huì)。2.A.normal B.easy C.short D.hard【解析】選B。在肯尼亞一個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)村莊的一所中學(xué)工作是不簡(jiǎn)單的(easy)。3.A.access B.barrier C.relation D.source【解析】選A。學(xué)校只有一臺(tái)電腦,而且網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接(access)也是不行靠的。access“入徑;(運(yùn)用或見到的)機(jī)會(huì),權(quán)利”,Internetaccess“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入”;barrier“障礙”;relation“關(guān)系”;source“來源”。4.A.subjects B.chances C.books D.teachers【解析】選C。更為糟糕的是,學(xué)校沒有足夠的書供應(yīng)應(yīng)每位學(xué)生。5.A.naturally B.suddenlyC.frequently D.gradually【解析】選C。不幸的是,這個(gè)半干旱的村莊常常(frequently)經(jīng)驗(yàn)干旱和饑荒。naturally“自然地”;suddenly“突然地”;gradually“漸漸地”。6.A.distinguish B.calculateC.strengthen D.concentrate【解析】選D。依據(jù)上下文,因?yàn)閷W(xué)生在家里沒有足夠的糧食吃,肚子餓,所以上課留意力不能集中(concentrate)。distinguish“區(qū)分,辨別”;calculate“計(jì)算”;strengthen“加強(qiáng)”。7.A.crops B.habits C.areas D.signals【解析】選A。依據(jù)上文,因此,他也向?qū)W生們和當(dāng)?shù)厝私淌陉P(guān)于可以反抗饑荒的莊稼(crops)的學(xué)問。habits“習(xí)慣”;areas“地區(qū)”;signals“信號(hào)”。8.A.calledoff B.gaveawayC.droppedin D.putout【解析】選B。依據(jù)上下文:為了幫助那些貧困的學(xué)生買糧食、校服和書籍,他把自己80%的工資都贈(zèng)送(giveaway)出去了。calloff“取消”;dropin“順便探望”;putout“熄滅”。9.A.paid B.raised C.earned D.adopted【解析】選B。raisechildren“撫養(yǎng)孩子”。這里意為:依據(jù)Tabichi所說,95%的學(xué)生生活在貧困之中,大約30%的學(xué)生要么是孤兒,要么是單親家長(zhǎng)撫養(yǎng)(raised)。pay“支付”;earn“掙錢”;adopt“收養(yǎng)”。10.A.drop B.make C.get D.move【解析】選A。dropoutofschool“輟學(xué)”。11.A.happened B.promisedC.managed D.arranged【解析】選C。依據(jù)上下文:經(jīng)過巨大的努力,他勝利(managedto)地建起了科學(xué)俱樂部。happentodosth.“碰巧做某事”;promisetodosth.“許諾做某事”;arrangetodosth.“支配做某事”。12.A.peace B.share C.talent D.target【解析】選A。依據(jù)句意:他幫助使幾個(gè)民族和宗教之間保持和平(peace)。share“分紅,份額”;talent“才能”;target“目標(biāo),靶子”。13.A.Inresponseto B.RegardlessofC.Inhonorof D.Thanksto【解析】選D。依據(jù)句意:多虧了(thanksto)他不知疲乏的努力,他的學(xué)生取得了參與2024年在美國(guó)亞利桑那州舉辦的英特爾國(guó)際科學(xué)與工程博覽會(huì)的資格。inresponseto“回應(yīng)”;regardlessof“不顧,不管”;inhonorof“為了紀(jì)念”。14.A.qualified B.preservedC.approved D.mentioned【解析】選A。qualify“取得資格”;preserve“愛護(hù),保留”;approve“批準(zhǔn),贊同”;mention“提到”。15.A.rich B.young C.old D.poor【解析】選D。依據(jù)句意:Tabichi支配用發(fā)給他的獎(jiǎng)金來改善學(xué)校,養(yǎng)活貧困的(poor)人。Ⅲ.語法填空閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AwonderfulexampleofourZoo-wideAnimalWellnessInitiativeisthedailyharvestingofgrassorleavesforanimalssuch1.________koalas,giraffes,rhinos,andmanymore.By2.________(continue)supplyingnatural,home-grownleaves,wecanenrichtheanimals’diets,stimulatetheirsenses,3.________imitatehowtheywouldeatinthewild.Branchesandleavesfromdifferenttreesandbushesareprovidedtoouranimalseveryday.Lookcarefullyandyouwillfrequentlyseetheanimals4.________(enjoy)theirfreshfood.

5.________(we)mostsignificantanimalsarethekoalas.SincethesepickyanimalsneedthreevarietiesoffreshEucalyptus(桉樹)daily,meetingtheirneeds6.________(require)dailycuttingof120to160branches,eachfourtofivefeetlong.WegrowAustraliannativeplants7.________areadaptedtoourclimateveryeasilyandtheir8.________(fall)leavesstopotherplantsfromgrowingunderneath,sotheyoftengrowalone.Eucalyptustreestakeinlarge9.________(amount)ofwaterandhavebeenusedtohelpdrainwetareas.Althoughthissmallgardenwillonly10.________(harvest)twoorthreetimesayear,itdemonstratesthediversedietofourkoalas.

【文章大意】本文是說明文,介紹了澳大利亞一個(gè)為動(dòng)物供應(yīng)樹葉的種植園。1.【解析】as。考查介詞。suchas為固定搭配。2.【解析】continually。考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。副詞作狀語,修飾動(dòng)詞supplying。3.【解析】and?？疾檫B詞。本句有三個(gè)并列謂語,在最終一個(gè)并列謂語前要加and。4.【解析】enjoying。考查現(xiàn)在分詞。這里是seesb.doingsth.結(jié)構(gòu)。5.【解析】Our?？疾榇~。此處須要形容詞性代詞作定語,修飾animals。6.【解析】requires?？疾橹髦^一樣。此處動(dòng)詞作謂語,敘述一般狀況,為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);主語是動(dòng)名詞短語,視作單數(shù)。7.【解析】which/that。考查關(guān)系代詞。定語從句修飾先行詞plants。8.【解析】fallen?？疾檫^去分詞。過去分詞作前置定語,修飾leaves,意為“落下的葉子”。9.【解析】amounts?？疾槊~復(fù)數(shù)。largeamountsof為固定搭配。10.【解析】beharvested?？疾楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)。此處動(dòng)詞作謂語,在助動(dòng)詞will后面要用動(dòng)詞原形;garden與harvest之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。【學(xué)問拓展】背景鏈接

Zoo,alsocalledzoologicalgardenorzoologicalpark,placewherewildanimalsand,insomeinstances,domesticatedanimalsareexhibitedincaptivity.Insuchanestablishmentanimalscangenerallybegivenmoreintensivecarethanispossibleinnaturereservesorsanctuaries.Mostlong-establishedzoosexhibitgeneralcollectionsofanimals,butsomeformedmorerecentlyspecializeinparticulargroups.閱讀理解(2024·天津模擬)RussianpolicehavestartedanewattempttogetdriverstoslowdownatzebracrossingsbyhavingpaintedhorsesaszebraswalkacrossonthebusieststreetsinsomeofthebigcitiesinanattempttoimproveroadsafetyandraiseawarenessamongRussia’snotoriously(臭名昭著地)carelessdrivers.Thelightgreyhorses,paintedwithblackstripes,carriedsignsontheirbacksreading:“Careful,childrenareontheirwaystoschool.”Thepolicesentthe“zebras”toseveraldifferentlocationsintheRussiancapital,whereofficialsinorangevestswalkedthemoverzebracrossingsandhandedoutleaflets(傳單)topassingdrivers.Somehelduprainbow-colouredumbrellasoverthepaintedanimalstoprotectthemfromtherain.Russianroadsarenotoriouslydangerousanddriversstillrarelytaketheinitiative(主動(dòng)實(shí)行措施)toavoidpedestrians.Nearlyhalfofalltrafficaccidentsinthecountry’sbigcitiesarecausedbycarshittingpedestrians,andathirdofthoseoccuroncrossings,accordingtotrafficpolicefigurespublishedlastmonth.Inthefirstsixmonthsofthisyear,378peoplewerekilledandmorethan6,600injuredonpedestriancrossingsinRussia,accordingtopolice.InMoscowalone,43peoplewerekilled,includingtwochildren.Thoughpoliceofficialssaidthatonlysafepaintwouldbeusedontheanimals,animalrightsactivistsstilldisagreedwiththeidea,accusingthepoliceof“treatinganimalslikegarbage”.“Childrenunderstandthatpaintsarebadforanimals,”theInterfaxnewsagencyquotedpresidentofVitaanimalrightsgroupIrinaNovozhilovaassaying.Let’shopethispartofthecampaignisoverandanimalsareleftoutoffutureattemptstoraisepedestrians’awareness.【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。俄羅斯警方開展了一項(xiàng)新的嘗試,他們?cè)隈R身上畫上條紋,讓馬在商業(yè)街上走來走去,希望以此提高司機(jī)們的平安意識(shí),提高道路平安。文章分析了這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)背后的緣由以及動(dòng)物愛護(hù)組織對(duì)這種做法的看法。1.WhydoMoscowpolicehave“zebras”walkacrossonthebusieststreets?A.Tomakeacallonprotectinganimals.B.Toremindpeoplezebrasareindangerofextinction.C.Totellpeopleitisdangeroustocrossstreets.D.Toraisedrivers’awarenessofroadsafety.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“RussiapolicehavestartedanewattempttogetdriverstoslowdownatzebracrossingsbyhavingpaintedhorsesaszebraswalkacrossonthebusieststreetsinsomeofthebigcitiesinanattempttoimproveroadsafetyandraiseawarenessamongRussia’snotoriouslycarelessdrivers.”可知,俄羅斯警方起先了一項(xiàng)新的嘗試,試圖讓司機(jī)在斑馬線上放慢車速。在一些大城市,他們讓“斑馬”(被畫上條紋的馬)在商業(yè)街上走來走去,試