由關系副詞引導的定語從句（精講精練） 原卷版

2/2由關系副詞引導的定語從句關系副詞引導的定語從句先行詞關系副詞在從句中的作用與“介詞＋關系代詞”的關系表示時間的名詞：time,day,year等。when作時間狀語＝at/in/on/duringwhich表示地點、場所的名詞：park,place,country,house等。where作地點狀語＝in/at/to/onwhich表示原因的名詞：thereasonwhy作原因狀語＝forwhich1.when，表示時間，代替先行詞并在定語從句中作時間狀語，其先行詞往往是表示時間的名詞，如time，day,hour,year等。e.g.July4thisthedaywhenAmericanscelebratetheirindependence.(7月4日是美國人慶祝獨立的日子。)2.where表示地點，代替先行詞并在定語從句中作地點狀語，其先行詞往往是表永她點的名詞，如place，factory,house,village等。e.g.Thecitywherehelivesisverybeautiful.(他居住的城市非常美麗。)3.why表示原因，代替先行詞并在定語從句中作原因狀語，其先行詞一般是reason這個詞。e.g.ThatisthereasonwhyIdidn'tgototheparty.(那就是我沒有去參加派對的原因。)I.關系副詞wherewhere表示地點，代替先行詞并在定語從句中作地點狀語，其先行詞往往是表示地點的名詞，如place，factory,house,village等。將1.2兩句話連成一句：1.Thehotelwasveryclean(那家旅館很干凈。)2Westayedatthehotel.(我呆在那家旅館。)Thehotelwherewestayedwasveryclean.where在從句中代替atthehotel,作地點狀語【誤區(qū)提示】當行詞為地點名詞時，如果關系詞在定語從句中作主語或者賓語，則用that或which引導定語從句。Thisisthehousewhich/thatwasbuiltbymygrandfatherfortyyearsago.這是我爺爺在40年前建造的房子。(定語從句中缺少主語，所以用關系代詞that/which,不用關系副詞Where)當Position，Point,case,stage,situation,atmosphere等表示抽象地點的名詞充當光行詞時，若定語從句中缺少狀語，則用where來引導定語從句。It'shelpfultoputchildreninasituationwheretheycanseethemselvesdifferently.把孩子們放在一個能夠讓他們從不同的角度看待自己的環(huán)境中，這對他們有幫助。II.關系副詞whenwhen表示時間，代替先行詞并在定語從句中作時間狀語，其先行詞往往是表示時間的名詞，如time，day,hour,year等。I'llneverforgetthetimewhenwefirstmet.(我永遠不會忘記我們第一次相遇時的情景）【誤區(qū)提示】當先行詞是時間名詞時，既可以用when引導定語從句，也可以用that或which引導定語從句，關鍵要看關系詞在定語從句中作何種成分。若關系詞在定語從句中充當狀語，則用when引導；若關系詞在定語從句中充當主語或者賓語，則用that或which引導。Doyourememberthedayswhenwechattedwitheachotherallnight?你還記得我們整夜聊天的那些日子嗎？(when在從句中作狀語)Doyourememberthedaysthat/whichwespenttogetheronthefarm?你還記得我們在農(nóng)場一起度過的那些日子嗎？(that/which作spent的賓語)III.關系副詞whywhy表示原因，代替先行詞并在定語從句中作原因狀語，其先行詞一般是reason這個詞。ThereasonwhyIgotajobwasthatIworkedhard.(我獲得一份工作的原因是我工作努力。)why在從句中代替reason，作原因狀語可以用關系代詞表述Thereason(that)/forwhichIgotajobwasthatlworkedhard.【誤區(qū)提示】若替代先行詞reason的關系詞在定語從句中不作狀語，而是充當主語或者賓語，則用that/which引導定語從句。Iwon'tlistentothereasonthat/whichyouhavegivenus.我堅決不聽你提供給我們的那個理由。(定語從句中缺少賓語，所以用which/that,不用why)專項訓練一、單項選擇1．Itwasinthevillage____________helived____________wemetbychance.A．that;that B．that;where C．where;that D．where;where2．Hasthedoctoreverencounteredacase____hewasunabletocurethepatient____theirlong-standingillness?A．that;of B．when;with C．inwhich;with D．where;of3．Adults,____overlyconcernedwithfameandfortune,sometimesfailtoseethejoyinsimplethings____childrendonot.A．unless;but B．when;where C．a(chǎn)lthough;and D．evenif;unless4．_________wasknowntousallthatJohnfellintothecondition_________hisheartdisqualifiedhimformilitaryservice.A．As;which B．What;that C．It;where D．It;that5．Thoughthestepsaretheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventure______offersaplace______youcansitdowntorestyourachinglegs.A．which;and B．a(chǎn)nd;which C．that;where D．a(chǎn)nd;where6．Doesanyoneknowthereason______herefusedtosignthedocument?A．why B．which C．that D．who7．Facedwithmanydilemmasshehadtomakehardchoices,LinQiaozhialwaysputothersfirst.A．a(chǎn)s B．that C．where D．when8．Plantsgetthenutritionfromthesoil______theygrow.A．what B．which C．that D．where9．TheSpaceCampisaneducationalcamp______childrencanlearnaboutspacetravelandhavelunchwithanastronaut.A．how B．where C．that D．a(chǎn)s10．Mymothercanalwayscreateapleasantfamilyatmosphere________allmemberscareforeachother.A．which B．when C．where D．that11．StephenHawkingbelievedthatearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet______lifehasdevelopedgradually.A．that B．where C．why D．which12．Finning,atypeoffishing________sharksarecaughtandtheirfinscutoff,killsmillionsofsharkseveryyear.A．that B．which C．where D．when13．GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinXi’an—thecity________onceIworkedfortenyearsisnolonger________itwas.A．that;what B．inwhich;that C．where;what D．/;that14．Itwasinthisimportantcompetition________Igotsecondplace________Irealizedmyhardworkindeedchangedmycareerpath.A．when;that B．where;thatC．where;when D．that;where15．—CanyoubelieveIhadtopay30dollarsforahaircut?—Youshouldtrythebarber’s______Igo.It’sonly15.A．which B．that C．who D．where二、語法填空16．Manycountriesaresettingupnationalparksanimalsandplantscanbeprotected.17．I’llneverforgetthedayIwonthefirstprizeinthe100-metreraceinschool.18．Thereusedtobearestaurantthisstorestands—Brady’srestaurant.19．Gonearethedayssurgerymeantcuttingapatientopen.Modernmedicineoffersdoctorslessinvasivetoolstooperateondisease-strickenbodies.20．Hetoldusthedayshewasyoungweregone.21．ThisisthelasttimeI’llgiveyoualesson.22．Thereasonhewaslatewasunclear.23．Thisisthereasonhewaslateforthemeeting.24．Creatinganatmospherestudentsfeelfreetoexpressthemselvesisabigchallengeforusteachers.25．Thisisthehousetheinventorlived.26．Wehavecometothepointeveryonehasdifferentopinions.27．Winterwasanawesometimeancientpeoplewouldstarveiffoodwasdifficulttofind.28．Theyhavebuiltaparkinglotneartheneighborhood,thereisachargeforparking.29．Theymadearesolutiontogoonahiketoaplacetherewasneithernoisenorpollution.30．Asyoucansee,thereasonI'mheretotellthestoryis31．Iwon’tforgetthethreeyearsIlivedonthefarmwithfarmers,hasagreateffectonmylife.32．Theteachertriestocreateanatmospherethestudentslikestudying.33．Thereisnosimpleanswer,isoftenthecaseinscience.34．Disney,moneywasnownoproblem,startedanewfilmcompany.35．Seaice,polarbearsspendmuchoftheirlives,ismeltingfasterthanexpertspredicteditwould.36．Snowfellinthepolarregions,itdidn’tmeltbutcollectedtogreatdepths.37．Onemajorbreakthroughcamein1990,theHubbleSpaceTelescopewaslaunched.38．Thefinalproofcamewhenanenormousshipyard(discover)inNanjing,thefleethadbeenbuilt.39．Morenature-centredtouristattractions,manandnatureliveinharmony,canbegreatlyimpacted.三、翻譯40．史密斯先生是一位著名的科學家，我從他那兒學了許多東西。(非限制性定語從句)________________________________________________________________________________________41．我寫信是想告訴你，我叔叔李明要去你住的城市開會。（where引導定語從句）(漢譯英)_________________________________________________